A portable high-voltage pulse generating device, a shock wave rock breaking device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a portable high-voltage pulse generating device, an impact wave rock breaking device and a method, and the net-shaped metal wire array can significantly reduce the energy storage required for initiating the insensitive energetic material (by more than 30%), thereby reducing the volume and mass of the high-voltage pulse capacitor, and realizing the miniaturization and light weight of the impact wave rock breaking device. The inner reflux structure makes the load explosion not be interfered by the outer reflux column when the impact wave is outwardly spread, thereby losing part of the energy and reducing the efficiency of the rock breaking. The manufacturing raw materials of the load structure are coaxial cables, silica gel tubes (or other tubular materials) and tungsten metal wires, and the cost is low and the manufacturing process is simple. The energetic material filled in the load does not contain explosives in the dangerous goods items, and the safety is extremely high. The inner reflux net-shaped metal wire array can generate impact waves with fixed amplitude, impulse and energy under the driving of a specific parameter pulse source, has excellent repeatability, and has great engineering application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of pulse power rock breaking, and relates to an inner reflux type mesh metal wire array energetic material load and a portable high-voltage pulse generating device based on the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of industrialization level, the depth and breadth of resource exploitation are continuously expanding, and more and more hard rock and extremely hard rock challenges are faced in the fields of oil and gas engineering, mining engineering, tunnel engineering and the like. The traditional excavation equipment cannot safely and efficiently break the rock with extremely high hardness, and therefore it is urgent to develop a new rock breaking technology to solve the existing problems. In recent years, the pulse power technology has gradually been valued in the field of rock breaking technology. Through a specific form of load, such as water gap, metal wire and the like, the pulse power technology converts the electric energy in the pulse capacitor into mechanical energy (shock wave) to break the rock. Compared with the traditional rock breaking technology, the pulse power technology has the advantages of controllability, safety and good repeatability. However, the pulse power rock breaking technology is limited by the energy storage of the pulse capacitor and the energy conversion efficiency (<20%) of the load, and when the device volume is restricted by the complex and narrow working environment, the pulse power rock breaking technology cannot generate enough energy shock wave to break the high-hardness rock.

[0003] Based on this background, a load configuration in which a desensitized energetic material is coated outside the metal wire is proposed, and the outer desensitized energetic material is further ignited by the metal wire electric explosion to couple the energetic material detonation wave and the metal wire electric explosion shock wave, so as to improve the shock wave energy generated by the single operation load. However, due to safety considerations, the desensitized energetic material used does not contain explosives in the dangerous goods items, and the common formula is a mixture containing nitromethane, aluminum powder and metal oxide. At present, the single input energy required to ignite the desensitized energetic material is still large, which leads to the need for a large volume of high-voltage pulse capacitor to store energy, and the mass is often more than 100 kg, which causes inconvenience in moving, installing and using. Therefore, it is a key problem to be solved to design a new load structure to reduce the energy storage of the capacitor required for single initiation, so as to realize the miniaturization and light weight of the device to cope with complex and narrow working terrain. In addition, the following key problems need to be solved: the current load configuration uses an outer reflux column structure, which not only reduces the efficiency of the shock wave in breaking the rock, but also causes damage to the outer reflux column during the breaking process, reducing the service life of the equipment; the current overall device structure cannot support multiple loads to explode at the same time, and it is difficult to complete the directional breaking of the rock and other engineering goals. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art, and to provide an inner reflux type mesh metal wire array energetic material load structure and a portable high-voltage pulse generating device based on the same.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a portable high-voltage pulse generating device, comprising:

[0006] A device housing, wherein a device internal insulation is arranged in the device housing, and the device internal insulation separates the inside of the device housing into two independent and insulated cavities; one of the cavities is arranged with a high-voltage power supply module, and the other cavity is arranged with a high-voltage pulse source module;

[0007] The high-voltage pulse source module is connected with the high-voltage power supply module, and the ground electrode is connected with the device housing.

[0008] A switch module is arranged in the same side cavity of the device housing as the high-voltage pulse module, and has a closed and insulated inner cavity, wherein a switch upper electrode and a switch lower electrode are arranged in the inner cavity, the switch lower electrode is connected with the high-voltage electrode, and a discharge gap is formed between the switch upper electrode and the switch lower electrode; a plurality of cable interfaces are connected to the switch upper electrode for connecting external cables to transfer electric energy.

[0009] A switch charging and discharging module is connected with the inner cavity of the switch module for charging or discharging the inner cavity to adjust the air pressure of the inner cavity to change the withstand voltage of the discharge gap.

[0010] Further, the high-voltage power supply module comprises a high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is connected with a high-voltage power supply control panel and a power high-voltage output line; the high-voltage power supply is connected with the high-voltage pulse source module through the power high-voltage output line.

[0011] Further, the high-voltage pulse source module comprises a high-voltage pulse capacitor, and the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode are arranged on one side of the high-voltage pulse capacitor; the ground electrode has two electrodes arranged on both sides of the high-voltage electrode, and the high-voltage electrode is insulated from the ground electrode by a capacitor.

[0012] Further, the switch module comprises a switch metal housing with an open end, the open end of the switch metal housing is in contact with the two ground electrodes of the high-voltage pulse capacitor, so that the high-voltage electrode is inside the switch metal housing and forms a closed inner cavity; the switch upper electrode is arranged on the side of the switch metal housing away from the high-voltage electrode, and the switch lower electrode is installed at the end of the high-voltage electrode; the switch upper electrode is insulated from the switch metal housing by a switch upper insulation; an electrode one-to-many device is arranged in the switch upper insulation, and the electrode one-to-many device is connected with the switch upper electrode; the open end of the switch metal housing is connected with the device housing, and the ground electrode is connected with the device housing through the switch metal housing.

[0013] Further, a charging port is arranged on the switch metal housing, and a sealing connector is arranged in the charging port; one end of the sealing connector is connected with the power high-voltage output line, and the other end of the sealing connector is connected with the high-voltage electrode.

[0014] Further, the switch charging and discharging module comprises a gas cylinder, the gas cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity through a charging gas pipe, and the inner cavity is communicated with the external space through a discharging gas pipe; the charging gas pipe is provided with a charging valve, and the discharging gas pipe is provided with a discharging valve.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a shock wave rock breaking device, comprising the portable high-voltage pulse generating device, a plurality of pluggable cables and an energetic material load; the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device is connected with a plurality of pluggable cables, and the energetic material load is arranged in the rock, and the pluggable cable is inserted into the energetic material load through the hole of the rock.

[0016] Further, the pluggable cable comprises a device end and a load end, the device end comprises a cable device end high-voltage inner core, a cable device end inner insulation, a cable device end mesh grounding wire and a cable device end insulation outer skin which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the load end comprises a cable load end insulation outer skin, a cable load end mesh grounding wire, a cable load end inner insulation and a cable load end high-voltage inner core which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the cable load end inner insulation is provided with a load grounding socket, the load grounding socket is connected with the cable load end mesh grounding wire, and the outer side of the load grounding socket is provided with a load grounding terminal.

[0017] When the device end is inserted into the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device, the cable device end high-voltage inner core is in contact with the electrode one-turn device, the cable device end inner insulation is in contact with the switch insulation, and an insulation structure is formed; the cable device end mesh grounding wire is in contact with the switch metal shell, so that the cable forms a loop.

[0018] Further, the energetic material load comprises a load high-voltage inner core, the load high-voltage inner core is sleeved with a load inner insulation, the middle part of the load inner insulation is sleeved with a load mesh grounding wire, and the load mesh grounding wire is sleeved with a load insulation outer skin; the end of the load inner insulation is provided with a load shell, the load shell is filled with an energetic material; one end of the load mesh grounding wire is led out to a plurality of metal wires, the plurality of metal wires are twisted and wound on the load inner insulation in the load shell to form a mesh structure, and are connected with the load high-voltage inner core.

[0019] When the energetic material load is inserted into the load end of the pluggable cable, the load high-voltage inner core is in contact with the cable load end high-voltage inner core to transmit electric energy, the load inner insulation is in contact with the cable load end inner insulation to form an insulation structure, and the load mesh grounding wire is in contact with the load grounding terminal through the load grounding wire to form a loop.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application provides a shock wave rock breaking method, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, plug the plug-in cable into the portable high-voltage pulse generator;

[0022] Step 2, insert the same number of energetic material loads into the load end of the plug-in cable;

[0023] Step 3, install the energetic material load in the hole of the rock, which is a naturally formed crack or a man-made hole;

[0024] Step 4, inflate the inner cavity of the switch module to a specified air pressure;

[0025] Step 5, remotely control the high-voltage power supply to charge the high-voltage pulse capacitor to a specified voltage through the high-voltage power supply control panel;

[0026] Step 6, reduce the air pressure in the inner cavity of the switch module through the air release valve, so that its withstand voltage level is reduced, and breakdown occurs;

[0027] Step 7, after breakdown, the electric energy is transmitted to the energetic material load to make it explode and crack the rock;

[0028] Step 8, evaluate the cracking effect, if it does not meet the expected effect, return to step 3 until the expected cracking effect is achieved; if it meets the expected effect, execute step 9;

[0029] Step 9, select a new hole and repeat steps 3-8 above until all target areas achieve the expected cracking effect.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The inner reflux type net metal wire array energetic material load adopted by the present application can significantly reduce the energy required for the initiation of the insensitive energetic material (more than 30% reduction), thereby reducing the volume and mass of the high-voltage pulse capacitor, achieving miniaturization and light weight of the shock wave rock breaking device. The inner reflux structure makes the load explosion not be disturbed by the outer reflux column when the shock wave propagates outward, thereby losing part of the energy and reducing the efficiency of cracking the rock. The use of the outer reflux column can also avoid its repeated damage by the shock wave during use, thereby reducing the service life of the device. The load adopts a plug-in device structure, which is convenient to install and operate. The raw materials for manufacturing the load structure are coaxial cable, silicone tube (or other tubular materials) and tungsten wire, which are low in cost and simple in manufacturing process. The energetic material filled in the load does not contain explosives in the dangerous goods items, and the common formula is a mixture containing nitromethane, aluminum powder and metal oxide, which is extremely safe. The inner reflux type net metal wire array energetic material load can generate a fixed amplitude, impulse and energy shock wave under the driving of a specific parameter pulse source, and has excellent repeatability, which has great engineering application prospect.

[0032] The portable high-voltage pulse generating device of the present application has high integration and reliable structure, realizes miniaturization and light weight of the pulse power device, can be carried to complex and narrow operation terrain by artificial and can complete subsequent operation by one person. The portable high-voltage pulse generating device provides multiple cable interfaces, can support simultaneous explosion of multiple loads, and completes directional rock cracking and other engineering targets. The cable is a plug-in cable, which is convenient to install and can be assembled and disassembled according to the number of simultaneous detonation loads required by the project at any time. The trigger mode of the device switch is to first charge to improve the withstand voltage, then discharge to reduce the withstand voltage, so as to break down and discharge, which has low cost but high reliability. A small gas cylinder (2 liters) carried by the body can realize hundreds of switch operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shock wave rock breaking device of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plug-in cable and the energetic material load of the present application.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the shock wave rock breaking method of the present application.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a discharge waveform diagram of Example 1.

[0039] Figure 6 It is an underwater explosion shock wave pressure waveform of Example 1.

[0040] Figure 7 It is an underwater explosion shock wave pressure waveform of the comparative example.

[0041] Figure 8 It is an underwater explosion shock wave pressure waveform of Example 2.

[0042] Wherein, 1-portable high-voltage pulse generating device, 2-pluggable cable, 3-energetic material load, 4-rock, 101-high-voltage power supply control panel, 102-high-voltage power supply, 103-power supply high-voltage output line, 104-device internal insulation, 105-high-voltage pulse capacitor, 106-switch metal shell, 107-switch upper electrode, 108-electrode one-turn device, 109-switch upper insulation, 110-charging port, 111-ground electrode, 112-capacitor insulation, 113-high-voltage electrode, 114-switch lower electrode, 115-gas cylinder, 116-gas filling valve, 117-gas filling pipe, 118-gas discharge valve, 119-gas discharge pipe, 120-device shell, 201-cable device end high-voltage inner core, 202-cable device end internal insulation, 203-cable device end mesh grounding wire, 204-cable device end insulation outer skin, 205-cable load end insulation outer skin, 206-cable load end mesh grounding wire, 207-load grounding socket, 208-cable load end internal insulation, 209-cable load end high-voltage inner core, 210-load grounding terminal, 301-load high-voltage inner core, 302-load internal insulation, 303-load mesh grounding wire, 304-load insulation outer skin, 305-load grounding wire, 306-energetic material, 307-mesh metal wire array, 308-load shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and the like indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application discloses a portable high-voltage pulse generating device, which comprises a device shell 120, a high-voltage pulse source module, a switch module and a switch charging and air charging module.

[0051] The device shell 120 is provided with a device internal insulation 104, which divides the inside of the device shell 120 into two independent and insulated cavities; one of the cavities is provided with a high-voltage power supply module, and the other cavity is provided with a high-voltage pulse source module.

[0052] The high-voltage power supply module comprises a high-voltage power supply 102, and the high-voltage power supply 102 is connected with a high-voltage power supply control panel 101 and a power high-voltage output line 103; the high-voltage power supply 102 is connected with the high-voltage pulse source module through the power high-voltage output line 103.

[0053] The high-voltage pulse source module comprises a high-voltage pulse capacitor 105, a high-voltage electrode 113 and two ground electrodes 111 arranged on one side of the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105, the two ground electrodes 111 being arranged on the two sides of the high-voltage electrode 113 respectively, and the high-voltage electrode 113 being insulated from the ground electrodes 111 by a capacitor insulation 112. The high-voltage electrode 113 of the high-voltage pulse source module is connected with a high-voltage power module, and the ground electrodes 111 are both grounded.

[0054] The switch module and the high-voltage pulse module are arranged in the same side cavity of the device shell 120 and have a closed and insulated inner cavity, the inner cavity being provided with a switch upper electrode 107 and a switch lower electrode 114, the switch lower electrode 114 being connected with the high-voltage electrode 113, and a discharge gap being formed between the switch upper electrode 107 and the switch lower electrode 114. The switch upper electrode 107 is connected with a plurality of cable interfaces for connecting external cables to transmit electric energy. The switch module comprises a switch metal shell 106 with an open end, the open end of the switch metal shell 106 being abutted with the two ground electrodes 111 of the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105, so that the high-voltage electrode 113 is arranged in the inner cavity of the switch metal shell 106. The switch metal shell 106 is provided with a charging port 110, the charging port 110 being provided with a sealed connecting piece, one end of the sealed connecting piece being connected with a high-voltage output line 103 of a power supply, and the other end of the sealed connecting piece being connected with the high-voltage electrode 113. The switch upper electrode 107 is arranged in the switch metal shell 106 away from the high-voltage electrode 113, and the switch lower electrode 114 is arranged at the end of the high-voltage electrode 113. The switch upper electrode 107 is insulated from the switch metal shell 106 by a switch upper insulation 109. The switch upper insulation 109 is provided with an electrode-to-multiple device 108, the electrode-to-multiple device 108 being connected with the switch upper electrode 107. The open end of the switch metal shell 106 is connected with the device shell 120, and the ground electrodes 111 are connected with the device shell 120 through the switch metal shell 106.

[0055] The switch charging and discharging module is connected with the inner cavity of the switch module and is used for charging or discharging the inner cavity to adjust the pressure of the inner cavity to change the withstand voltage of the discharge gap. The switch charging and discharging module comprises a gas cylinder 115, the gas cylinder 115 being connected with the inner cavity through a charging gas pipe 117, and the inner cavity being connected with the outside space through a discharging gas pipe 119. The charging gas pipe 117 is provided with a charging valve 116, and the discharging gas pipe 119 is provided with a discharging valve 118.

[0056] Referring to Figure 2The embodiment of the present application discloses a shock wave rock breaking device, comprising a portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1, a plurality of pluggable cables 2 and an energetic material load 3; the energetic material load 3 is an inner reflux type net-shaped wire array energetic material load; a plurality of pluggable cables 2 are connected to the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1, and the energetic material load 3 is arranged in a rock 4, and the pluggable cables 2 extend into the energetic material load 3 through the hole of the rock 4.

[0057] The pluggable cable 2 comprises a device end and a load end, the device end comprises, from inside to outside, a cable device end high-voltage inner core 201, a cable device end inner insulation 202, a cable device end net-shaped grounding wire 203 and a cable device end insulation outer skin 204; the load end comprises, from outside to inside, a cable load end insulation outer skin 205, a cable load end net-shaped grounding wire 206, a cable load end inner insulation 208 and a cable load end high-voltage inner core 209; a load grounding socket 207 is mounted on the cable load end inner insulation 208, the load grounding socket 207 is connected with the cable load end net-shaped grounding wire 206, and a load grounding terminal 210 is arranged on the outside of the load grounding socket 207.

[0058] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 the device end of the pluggable cable 2 is inserted into the cable interface reserved on the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 in working, the cable device end high-voltage inner core 201 is tightly connected with the electrode multi-turn device 108, so that the electric energy can be stably output. The cable device end inner insulation 202 is in contact with the switch upper insulation 109, forming an insulation structure. The cable device end net-shaped grounding wire 203 is tightly connected with the switch metal shell 106, so that the cable forms a loop, and the current can flow back to the ground electrode 111 after passing through the load. The cable device end insulation outer skin 204 keeps the whole device insulated from the external environment.

[0059] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 3 the energetic material load 3 can be directly inserted into the load end interface of the pluggable cable 2. The load high-voltage inner core 301 is tightly connected with the cable load end high-voltage inner core 209 to transmit electric energy, and the load inner insulation 302 is in contact with the cable load end inner insulation 208 to form an insulation structure. The load net-shaped grounding wire 303 is tightly connected with the load grounding terminal 210 to form a loop after leading out the load grounding wire 305. The other end of the load net-shaped grounding wire 303 leads out a plurality of metal wires, which are twisted around the load inner insulation 302 to form a net-shaped structure and are connected with the load high-voltage inner core 301. The load shell 308 is externally mounted, and the energetic material 306 is filled.

[0060] When the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 is inserted into the device end, the high-voltage inner core 201 of the cable device end comes into contact with the electrode one-to-many device 108, and the inner insulation 202 of the cable device end comes into contact with the upper insulation 109 of the switch, forming an insulation structure; the mesh grounding wire 203 of the cable device end comes into contact with the metal shell 106 of the switch, so that the cable forms a circuit.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the energetic material load 3 includes a high-voltage inner core 301, an inner insulation 302 sleeved on the high-voltage inner core 301, a load mesh grounding wire 303 sleeved in the middle of the inner insulation 302, and an outer sheath 304 sleeved on the load mesh grounding wire 303; a load outer shell 308 is installed at the end of the inner insulation 302, and energetic material 306 is filled inside the load outer shell 308; multiple metal wires are led out from one end of the load mesh grounding wire 303, and the multiple metal wires are rotated and wound around the inner insulation 302 inside the load outer shell 308 to form a mesh structure and are connected to the high-voltage inner core 301.

[0062] When the energetic material load 3 is inserted into the load end of the pluggable cable 2, the high-voltage inner core 301 of the load comes into contact with the high-voltage inner core 209 of the cable load end to transmit electrical energy, and the inner insulation 302 of the load comes into contact with the inner insulation 208 of the cable load end to form an insulation structure; the load mesh grounding wire 303 comes into contact with the load grounding terminal 210 through the load grounding wire 305 to form a circuit.

[0063] The working principle of the shock wave rock-breaking device of this invention is as follows:

[0064] After carrying the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 to the target working position, connect the device end of the pluggable cable 2 to the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1. Connect the load end of the pluggable cable 2 to the energetic material load 3 and insert it into the rock 4 with pre-drilled holes. The portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 can then break the target rock 4. The number of pluggable cables 2 and energetic material loads 3 used in a single operation is the same, determined by the actual engineering requirements. For example, if a crack of a specific direction and length needs to be created in the rock 4, two loads can be set up and detonated simultaneously to form a crack connecting the two load positions inside the rock 4, achieving a directional cutting effect. The portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 can detonate a single load or multiple loads simultaneously; the number is determined by the parameters of the built-in capacitor in the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1. Generally, the capacitor energy storage required to detonate a single load is 600J, and the upper limit of the built-in capacitor's energy storage determines the number of loads that can be detonated simultaneously. For example, if the capacitor capacitance is 6uF and the maximum charging voltage is 20kV, then the upper limit of the capacitor's energy storage is... The number of loads simultaneously initiated is 2. It should be noted that the higher the upper limit of the capacitor energy storage, the larger the volume and weight of the capacitor, and the poorer the portability, so the upper limit of the capacitor energy storage needs to be selected according to the engineering needs.

[0065] The working process of the shock wave rock breaking device is as follows:

[0066] First, operate the inflation valve 116 to transport the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 115 to the inside of the switch module through the inflation gas pipe 117, at this time the deflation valve 118 is in a closed state, so the gas pressure in the switch module is increased, and the withstand voltage level is increased. Then, the high-voltage power supply 102 is controlled through the high-voltage power supply control panel 101, and the high-voltage power supply output line 103 is used to charge the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105. The power supply high-voltage output line 103 needs to pass through the device internal insulation 104 and the charging port 110 in turn, and finally be connected with the high-voltage pole 113. The function of the device internal insulation 104 is to maintain the insulation between the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105 and the high-voltage power supply 102, and the function of the charging port 110 is to maintain the insulation between the power supply high-voltage output line 103 and the switch metal shell 106, and the charging port 110 has a sealing connection unit inside to ensure that the inside of the switch is in a sealed state, and the gas pressure can be increased or decreased to change the withstand voltage of the switch module. The high-voltage pole 113 and the ground electrode 111 are insulated and isolated by the capacitor insulation 112. The high-voltage pole 113 is tightly connected with the switch lower electrode 114, and the electric potential between the two is the same. The discharge gap is formed between the switch lower electrode 114 and the switch upper electrode 107, and the other end of the switch upper electrode 107 is tightly connected with the electrode multi-switching device 108, which functions to form multiple cable interfaces, so that multiple loads can be simultaneously initiated. The number of formed cable interfaces is also related to the upper limit of the energy storage of the capacitor, and the higher the upper limit of the energy storage of the capacitor, the more cable interfaces can be formed. The switch metal shell 106 is tightly connected with the ground electrode 111, and the switch upper insulation 109 ensures the insulation between the switch metal shell 106 and the switch upper electrode 107. When the cable and the load are also installed, the operator opens the deflation valve 118, the high-pressure gas in the switch is discharged through the deflation gas pipe 119, the gas pressure in the switch is reduced, the withstand voltage level of the switch is reduced, and the switch lower electrode 114 and the switch upper electrode 107 are broken down and discharged. The energy stored in the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105 is transmitted to the load through the cable, and the rapid energy injection causes the metal wire to rapidly change from a solid state to a liquid state, a gaseous state, and even a plasma state under the action of Joule heating, and in this process, the explosion metal wire array can make the energetic material detonate, and the metal wire explosion shock wave and the energetic material explosion shock wave are coupled to transmit outward, so that the rock 4 appears a complex crack network.

[0067] Referring to Figure 4 The shock wave rock breaking method disclosed by the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0068] Step 1, first carry the device to the designated working position and connect the power supply and ground.

[0069] Step 2, according to the actual needs of the project to select a certain number of cable insertion device.

[0070] Step 3, the same number of load inserted into the cable load interface on the other end of the cable.

[0071] Step 4, then install the load in the rock hole, the hole can be a naturally formed gap, but also artificial hole drilled by tools such as drill.

[0072] Step 5, the switch to the specified pressure.

[0073] Step 6, remote control through the panel high voltage power supply to the pulse capacitor charging to the specified voltage.

[0074] Step 7, through the air valve to reduce the pressure of the switch, so that its withstand voltage level is reduced to break down.

[0075] Step 8, the transmission of electrical energy to the energetic material load to make it explode to crack the rock.

[0076] Step 9, at this time the evaluation of the cracking effect, if not in line with the prediction, return to step 4, repeat the load installation and detonation steps, until the position reaches the ideal cracking effect. If in line with the expected, step 10 is executed.

[0077] Step 10, carry the device to the new working position, repeat the above steps 2-9, until all the target area reaches the ideal cracking effect.

[0078] In accordance with the above technical solutions, the following specific embodiments of the present application are given, the following examples of the material used are all commercially available products.

[0079] Table 1 load parameters, wire parameters and energetic material formula parameters

[0080]

[0081] Example 1:

[0082] The embodiment discloses a shock wave rock breaking method, comprising the following steps:

[0083] Step 1: make the inner reflux type net metal wire array energetic material load main structure:

[0084] Step 101: take a coaxial cable with a length of 10 cm and an outer diameter of 4 mm;

[0085] Step 102: Remove the insulating sheath and mesh ground wire at the left end of 2 cm and the right end of 4 cm using a blade;

[0086] Step 103: Further remove the inner insulation of the coaxial cable at both ends of 2 mm using a blade, that is, expose the inner core of 2 mm;

[0087] Step 104: Fix one end of four tungsten wires with a length of 50 mm and a diameter of 0.1 mm on the mesh ground wire exposed after removing the insulating sheath at the right end of the cable, then wrap two clockwise on the inner insulation and the other two counterclockwise, each rotate two and a half turns, and then fix the other end of the four metal wires on the exposed 2 mm inner core. At this time, the four metal wires form a mesh wire array covering the inner insulation with a length of 4 cm;

[0088] Step 105: Put a silica gel shell with an outer diameter of 8.7 mm, an inner diameter of 6.8 mm, and a length of 40 mm outside the mesh wire array, fix one end of the shell on the insulating sheath and seal it, and do not process the other end.

[0089] Step 2: Prepare and fill the solid-liquid composite energetic material:

[0090] Step 201: Put 1.5 g of copper oxide powder and 1.5 g of aluminum powder into a three-dimensional mixing instrument and mix for 30 minutes to make them completely mixed and uniform; wherein the particle size of the copper oxide powder ranges from 1 μm to 50 μm, and the particle size of the aluminum powder ranges from 1 μm to 50 μm;

[0091] Step 202: Add 1.5 g of nitromethane to the mixed and uniform manganese dioxide powder and aluminum powder, stir for 30 minutes under vacuum conditions to make them completely mixed, and obtain 4.5 g of a solid-liquid composite energetic material;

[0092] Step 203: First, fill the 4.5 g of the solid-liquid composite energetic material into a syringe, and then inject it into the cylindrical gap between the inner insulation and the shell, and 2.5 g of the solid-liquid composite energetic material can completely fill the gap;

[0093] Step 204: Seal the other side of the silica gel shell using a small disc with a diameter of 8.7 mm, and the preparation of the inner reflux type mesh metal wire array energetic material load is completed.

[0094] Step 3: Initiate the solid-liquid composite energetic material:

[0095] Step 301: Submerge the inner reflux type mesh metal wire array energetic material load in water medium, and install a pressure sensor PCB 138 at a distance of 15 cm from the load to measure the amplitude, impulse, and energy density of the shock wave generated by the explosion of the energetic material;

[0096] Step 302: Initiating the load using the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1, with a total energy storage of 600J.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] Different from Example 1: Two inner reflux net-shaped wire array energetic material loads were simultaneously prepared and immersed in water medium, the distance between the two loads was 5 cm, and a pressure sensor PCB 138 was installed parallel to the two loads and 15 cm away from the center to measure the amplitude, impulse and energy density of the shock wave generated by the explosion of the energetic material. The portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 was used to initiate the load, with a total energy storage of 1200J, i.e. the single load driving energy storage was still 600J.

[0099] Comparative Example

[0100] Different from Example 1: The parameters of the wound wire were changed from 4 tungsten wires with a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 5 cm to 1 tungsten wire with a diameter of 0.2 mm and a length of 5 cm, i.e. the total mass of the tungsten wire remained unchanged, and the net-shaped wire array was changed to a single wire winding structure.

[0101] Experimental test and result comparison:

[0102] Reference Figure 5 is the discharge waveform diagram of Example 1. It can be seen that first, the temperature of the metal wire begins to rise due to Joule heating after the energy is injected, and it undergoes solid, liquid to gaseous transformation, which is manifested as the continuous rise of the channel resistance. Then at 4us, the metal wire explodes, transforming into a mixture of metal vapor and liquid droplets, and the voltage drops rapidly. As the temperature of the metal wire rises, the resistance between the positive and negative electrodes increases, forming an additional current path in the solid-liquid composite energetic material. The two together constitute the heat source for driving the solid-liquid composite energetic material. The exploding metal wire transfers heat to the energetic material through radiation, while the additional current path directly deposits electrical energy in the energetic material and initiates the aluminothermic reaction. The two work together to make the nitromethane detonate at 7us, which interferes with the original stable discharge channel, causing the channel resistance to rise again. After the initial detonation wave is formed, a unique positive feedback mechanism is formed, i.e. the detonation products increase the load resistance to enhance the Joule heating effect, thereby depositing higher electrical energy in the energetic material to maintain and enhance the detonation wave.

[0103] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The underwater explosion shock wave waveform of comparative example 1 and the comparative example is compared. The shock wave peak pressure of example 1 is 24 MPa, and the energy density is 4467 J / m2. The shock wave peak pressure of the comparative example is 10 MPa, and the energy density is 1621 J / m2. Obviously, the net metal wire array under the driving source parameter can make the energetic material detonate violently, and the single metal wire cannot make the energetic material detonate. Therefore, the net metal wire array can significantly reduce the energy storage required by the power supply, thereby significantly reducing the mass and volume of the pulse capacitor, realizing the miniaturization and light weight of the device.

[0104] Reference Figure 8 The underwater explosion shock wave pressure waveform of example 2 is shown in the figure. Multiple peaks appear in the shock wave waveform, and the peaks are named in the order of the time of their occurrence as four peaks #1-4. The peak pressure of 1 peak is 19.852 MPa, and the time of occurrence is about 95.8 μs, which is formed by the shock wave generated by the metal wire array in the nearby charge and the detonation of nitromethane. The peak pressure of 2 peak is 11.82 MPa, and the peak time is about 131.24 μs. 2 peak is formed by the shock wave generated by the metal wire array in the far distance and the detonation of nitromethane. 3 peak and 4 peak are the secondary peak waveforms generated by the subsequent reaction of the energetic material in the near and far distance, and the secondary peak pressure when compared with a single charge is 9.99 MPa. From the results, it can be seen that the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 can support the simultaneous initiation of two loads, and the initiation synchronization is excellent, and can complete the directional rock cracking engineering target.

[0105] The inner reflux type net metal wire array energetic material load structure of the application has the following advantages: 1. Significantly reduce the energy storage requirement of the capacitor (more than 30%); 2. No external reflux column, which will not reduce the service life of the equipment, and at the same time improve the rock cracking efficiency; 3. Plug-in device structure, easy to install and operate. Based on the load, the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 realizes the miniaturization and light weight of the pulse power device, which can be carried by artificial to complex and narrow operation terrain, and the subsequent operation can be completed by a single person. And the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 provides multiple cable interfaces, which can support multiple loads to explode at the same time, complete the directional rock cracking engineering target.

[0106] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is not used to limit the application. For those skilled in the art, the application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A portable high-voltage pulse generator, characterized in that The application relates to a high-voltage pulse generator. The application comprises: a device shell (120) provided with an internal insulation (104) inside, which separates the inside of the device shell (120) into two independent and insulated cavities; one of the cavities is provided with a high-voltage power module, and the other cavity is provided with a high-voltage pulse source module; the high-voltage pulse source module is connected with the high-voltage power module through a high-voltage electrode (113), and the ground electrode (111) is connected with the device shell (120) and grounded; a switch module is located in the same side cavity of the device shell (120) as the high-voltage pulse module, and has a closed and insulated inner cavity, the inner cavity is provided with a switch upper electrode (107) and a switch lower electrode (114), the switch lower electrode (114) is connected with the high-voltage electrode (113), and a discharge gap is formed between the switch upper electrode (107) and the switch lower electrode (114); a plurality of cable interfaces are connected to the switch upper electrode (107) and used for connecting external cables to transmit electric energy; the switch module comprises a switch metal shell (106) with an open end, the open end of the switch metal shell (106) is abutted with two ground electrodes (111) of a high-voltage pulse capacitor (105), so that the high-voltage electrode (113) is located in the inside of the switch metal shell (106) and forms a closed inner cavity; the switch upper electrode (107) is arranged on the side of the switch metal shell (106) away from the high-voltage electrode (113), and the switch lower electrode (114) is arranged at the end of the high-voltage electrode (113); the switch upper electrode (107) is insulated from the switch metal shell (106) through a switch upper insulation (109); an electrode one-to-multiple device (108) is arranged in the switch upper insulation (109) and connected with the switch upper electrode (107); the open end opposite side of the switch metal shell (106) is connected with the device shell (120), and the ground electrode (111) is connected with the device shell (120) through the switch metal shell (106); a switch charging and discharging module is connected with the inner cavity of the switch module and used for charging or discharging the inner cavity, so as to adjust the air pressure of the inner cavity and change the withstand voltage of the discharge gap; the energetic material load (3) comprises a load high-voltage inner core (301), the load high-voltage inner core (301) is sleeved with a load inner insulation (302), the middle part of the load inner insulation (302) is sleeved with a load mesh ground wire (303), and the load mesh ground wire (303) is sleeved with a load insulation outer skin (304); a load shell (308) is arranged at the end of the load inner insulation (302), and the load shell (308) is filled with an energetic material (306); a plurality of metal wires are led out from one end of the load mesh ground wire (303), the plurality of metal wires are twisted and wound on the load inner insulation (302) in the load shell (308) to form a mesh structure, and are connected with the load high-voltage inner core (301).

2. The portable high-voltage pulse generator device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage power supply module comprises a high-voltage power supply (102), a high-voltage power supply control panel (101) and a power high-voltage output line (103) are connected to the high-voltage power supply (102), and the high-voltage power supply (102) is connected with the high-voltage pulse source module through the power high-voltage output line (103).

3. The portable high-voltage pulse generator device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-voltage pulse source module comprises a high-voltage pulse capacitor (105), a high-voltage electrode (113) and a ground electrode (111) are arranged on one side of the high-voltage pulse capacitor (105), the ground electrode (111) is 2, and is arranged on the two sides of the high-voltage electrode (113), and the high-voltage electrode (113) and the ground electrode (111) are isolated through a capacitive insulation (112).

4. The portable high-voltage pulse generator device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A charging port (110) is arranged on the switch metal shell (106), a sealing connecting piece is arranged in the charging port (110), one end of the sealing connecting piece is connected with the power high-voltage output line (103), and the other end of the sealing connecting piece is connected with the high-voltage electrode (113).

5. The portable high-voltage pulse generator device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch charging and discharging module comprises a gas cylinder (115), the gas cylinder (115) is communicated with the inner cavity through a charging gas pipe (117), and the inner cavity is communicated with the outside space through a discharging gas pipe (119); the charging gas pipe (117) is provided with a charging valve (116), and the discharging gas pipe (119) is provided with a discharging valve (118).

6. A shockwave rock breaking apparatus, characterized by, The portable high-voltage pulse generating device (1) of any one of claims 3-4, a plurality of pluggable cables (2) and an energetic material load (3) are connected to the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device (1), and the energetic material load (3) is arranged in the rock (4). The pluggable cable (2) extends into the energetic material load (3) through the hole of the rock (4).

7. The shockwave rock breaking apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The pluggable cable (2) comprises a device end and a load end, the device end comprises a cable device end high-voltage inner core (201), a cable device end inner insulation (202), a cable device end mesh grounding wire (203) and a cable device end insulation outer skin (204) arranged in sequence from inside to outside, the load end comprises a cable load end insulation outer skin (205), a cable load end mesh grounding wire (206), a cable load end inner insulation (208) and a cable load end high-voltage inner core (209) arranged in sequence from outside to inside, the cable load end inner insulation (208) is provided with a load grounding socket (207), the load grounding socket (207) is connected with the cable load end mesh grounding wire (206), and a load grounding terminal (210) is arranged on the outer side of the load grounding socket (207). When the device end is inserted into the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device (1), the cable device end high-voltage inner core (201) is in contact with the electrode one-turn-multiple device (108), the cable device end inner insulation (202) is in contact with the switch upper insulation (109), and an insulation structure is formed; the cable device end mesh grounding wire (203) is in contact with the switch metal shell (106), so that the cable forms a loop.

8. The shockwave rock breaking apparatus of claim 7, wherein, When the energetic material load (3) is inserted into the load end of the pluggable cable (2), the load high-voltage inner core (301) is in contact with the cable load end high-voltage inner core (209) to transmit electric energy, and the load inner insulation (302) is in contact with the cable load end inner insulation (208) to form an insulation structure; the load mesh grounding wire (303) is in contact with the load grounding terminal (210) through the load grounding wire (305) to form a loop.

9. A method of rock breaking by shock waves using the rock breaking device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, insert the pluggable cable (2) into the portable high-voltage pulse generating device (1); Step 2, insert the same number of energetic material loads (3) into the load end of the pluggable cable (2); Step 3, install the energetic material load (3) in the hole of the rock (4), which is a naturally formed gap or a man-made drilled hole; Step 4, inflate the inner cavity of the switch module to a specified air pressure; Step 5, remotely control the high-voltage power supply (102) to charge the high-voltage pulse capacitor (105) to a specified voltage through the high-voltage power supply control panel (101); Step 6, reduce the air pressure in the inner cavity of the switch module through the air release valve (118), so as to reduce its withstand voltage level and cause breakdown; Step 7, after breakdown occurs, electric energy is transmitted to the energetic material load (3) to cause it to explode and crack the rock (4); Step 8, evaluate the cracking effect, if it does not meet the expected effect, return to step 3 until the expected cracking effect is achieved; if it meets the expected effect, execute step 10; Step 10, select a new hole and repeat steps 3-8 above until all target areas achieve the expected cracking effect.

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