An air supply component for a breathing area of ​​a refuge chamber

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation and air conditioning, and specifically relates to an air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber, wherein the air supply component includes an upper static pressure box and a plurality of air outlet boxes connected to the bottom of the static pressure box and arranged in parallel with each other; the air outlet box is a semicircular cylinder, the flat side of the semicircular cylinder is connected to the static pressure box, and slit air outlets are provided on the arc surface of the semicircular cylinder; there are three groups of slit air outlets, forming six slit air outlets, which are symmetrical about the center line of the arc surface, and the first air supply outlet, the second air supply outlet and the third air supply outlet are distributed in sequence from top to bottom on one side of the arc surface; the arc lengths of the first air supply outlet, the second air supply outlet and the third air supply outlet decrease in sequence. Under the same air supply volume, the air supply speed of the air supply component of the present invention is lower than the air supply speed of the traditional mixed air outlet, which can ensure that the air supply airflow is delivered to the designated area and ensure the comfort of the personnel; when the air supply component of the present invention is used to supply air, the wind speed distribution in the entire refuge chamber is relatively uniform, and the wind speed is moderate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation and air conditioning, and in particular relates to an air supply component used in a breathing zone of a refuge chamber. Background Art

[0002] Since the beginning of the 21st century, the protection of underground and confined environments has received increasing attention from governments and society worldwide. Installing emergency shelters along escape routes is an effective measure to reduce casualties in accidents. Refuge chambers are one such emergency shelter, providing protection from high-temperature smoke and toxic gases. They also provide oxygen, food, and drinking water, remove toxic and harmful gases, and create basic survival conditions in the event of an accident. Therefore, refuge chambers must be tightly constructed to prevent the intrusion of harmful gases and potential harm to evacuees.

[0003] The Interim Provisions on the Construction and Management of Emergency Evacuation Systems in Coal Mines require that temporary refuge chambers should have a minimum of 0.6m per person. 2 For permanent refuge chambers, each person should have an effective usable area of ​​no less than 0.75m 2 When an accident occurs, the evacuees are in a state of physical and mental tension, and the refuge chamber is small and crowded. Therefore, creating a comfortable and effective indoor ventilation airflow organization is particularly important to relieve the tension of the evacuees.

[0004] Mixed ventilation and attached ventilation are two common ventilation methods, both of which have poor air supply effects:

[0005] 1. Traditional mixed ventilation vents are located at the top of the refuge chamber, requiring a high air velocity to reach the work area. Refuge chambers are densely populated, and those below the vents experience a stronger draft. Those further away from the vents breathe in a mixture of fresh air and existing, polluted air.

[0006] 2. The attached ventilation air supply outlet is close to the side wall. The air jet flows along the vertical wall surface and moves in a spanning direction when it touches the ground, forming an air lake, creating the environmental parameters required for the "working area" space. The air supply speed is lower than that of traditional mixed ventilation. However, for refuge chambers with a high population density, it is difficult for refugees in the breathing zone in the middle of the room to obtain fresh air. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber, which solves the problem of poor air supply effect of the existing refuge chamber air supply port.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] An air supply component for a breathing zone of a refuge chamber, the air supply component comprising an upper static pressure box and a plurality of air outlet boxes connected below the static pressure box and arranged in parallel with each other;

[0010] The air outlet box is a semicircular cylinder, the flat side of which is connected to the static pressure box, and a slit air outlet is opened on the arc surface of the semicircular cylinder;

[0011] There are three groups of slit air outlets, forming six slit air outlets, which are symmetrical with the center line of the arc surface. The first air supply outlet, the second air supply outlet and the third air supply outlet are distributed in sequence from top to bottom on one side of the arc surface;

[0012] The arc lengths of the first air supply port, the second air supply port and the third air supply port decrease in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the air supply components can be used individually or in series according to actual conditions. When connected in series, the center distance between the two air supply components is L2≥4L3, where L3 is the length of the air supply component.

[0014] Furthermore, the arc length of the first air outlet satisfies the relationship:

[0015] The arc length of the second air outlet satisfies the relationship:

[0016] The arc length of the third air outlet satisfies the relationship:

[0017] Where W is the diameter of the semi-cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the calculation of the air outlet velocity of the slit air outlet satisfies the relationship:

[0019] Among them, P j is the static pressure at the air outlet, and ρ is the air density.

[0020] Furthermore, the total air supply volume satisfies the relationship:

[0021] Where n is the number of air supply components, v i is the speed of the ith air outlet, s i is the arc length of the i-th air outlet.

[0022] Furthermore, the air supply components are arranged at the top of the room, and when arranged in a single row, the air supply components are located on the central axis of the top of the room.

[0023] Furthermore, the circular diameter of the semi-cylinder is equal to the width of the static pressure box;

[0024] The distance from the highest point of the air supply component to the bottom Where H2 is the height of the static pressure box and W is the diameter of the semi-cylinder.

[0025] Furthermore, three characteristic lengths x are used s 、x m 、x p To describe the flow characteristics, where x s is the distance from the centerline velocity 0 point to the front edge of the nozzle, x m is the distance between the intersection point of the jet centerline and the nozzle front edge, x p is the distance from the position of the maximum centerline pressure to the leading edge of the nozzle;

[0026] The angle between the midpoints of two adjacent slit vents and the center of the circle is represented by A, the central angle of a certain slit vent is represented by a, and the arc length of a certain slit vent is represented by d;

[0027] After performing multiple working condition simulations, the following relationship was obtained:

[0028]

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] The present invention discloses an air supply component for the breathing area of ​​a refuge chamber, comprising an upper static pressure box and a plurality of air outlet boxes connected to the bottom of the static pressure box and arranged in parallel with each other; the air outlet box is a semicircular cylinder, the flat side of the semicircular cylinder is connected to the static pressure box, and three groups of slit air outlets are opened on the arc surface of the semicircular cylinder, symmetrical with the center line of the arc surface, and a first air supply outlet, a second air supply outlet and a third air supply outlet are distributed in sequence from top to bottom on one side of the arc surface; under the same air supply volume, the air supply speed of the air supply component of the present invention is lower than the air supply speed of the traditional mixed air outlet, which can ensure that the air supply airflow is delivered to the designated area and ensure the comfort of the personnel. When using the traditional mixed air outlet to supply air, the contour lines are more concentrated on the walls on both sides, while the wind speed in the personnel activity area in the middle of the refuge chamber is lower, and the wind speed distribution in the entire refuge chamber is uneven; when using the air supply component of the present invention to supply air, the wind speed distribution in the entire refuge chamber is more uniform, and the wind speed is moderate.

[0031] Traditional attached air supply is to send fresh air along the wall to the ground, forming an "air lake" on the ground. The present invention sends fresh air directly into the breathing zone of personnel, and the air supply area is higher than the air supply area of ​​traditional attached air outlets. From the velocity contour map of the 1.7m and 1.1m height sections in the refuge chamber, it can be seen that the distribution of wind speed in the entire refuge chamber using the air supply component of the present invention is more uniform than that using traditional attached air supply. It meets the requirements of delivering the supply air flow to the designated breathing area under the special application conditions of the refuge chamber, and ensures a moderate air supply speed, so that the refugees can feel the supply air flow while maintaining a certain degree of comfort.

[0032] The rational arrangement of the air outlets in this invention ensures a more uniform wind speed distribution across a specified cross-section. Taking into account air supply within the breathing zone, this invention employs scientific design calculations to create a novel air supply component that not only reduces the draft sensation but also ensures that all personnel receive an equal amount of fresh air, creating an indoor ventilation airflow structure suitable for refuge chambers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air supply component in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection between the air supply component and the static pressure box in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the series installation structure of the air supply components in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view of the installation position of the air supply component refuge chamber in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A top view of the installation position of the air supply component refuge chamber in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is the relationship diagram between the three characteristic lengths of the non-parallel jet adsorption area and the tuyere arrangement;

[0039] Figure 7 The figures compare the air supply effects of the air supply component of the present invention with those of the traditional mixed air supply and attached air supply, wherein: (a) is the velocity distribution diagram of the air supply component of the present invention applied to the refuge chamber; (b) is the velocity distribution diagram of the attached air supply on the rear wall of the refuge chamber; (c) is the velocity distribution diagram of the mixed air supply in the refuge chamber.

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of non-parallel jet;

[0041] The meaning of each number in the accompanying drawings: 1. air supply component; 1-1. static pressure box; 1-2. air outlet box body; 2. air supply duct; 3. first air supply outlet; 4. second air supply outlet; 5. third air supply outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following is a further detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. That is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0043] The components described and illustrated in the drawings and embodiments of the present invention may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents a selected embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the drawings and embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, element, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to the process, element, method, article or device. In addition, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" are based on the orientation and positional relationship of the devices or components shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of better describing the present invention, rather than requiring the devices, components or devices shown to have such a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber, comprising a static pressure box 1-1 and a plurality of air outlet boxes 1-2 arranged below the static pressure box 1-1. The plurality of air outlet boxes 1-2 are arranged in a row, and each air outlet box 1-2 is a semicircular cylinder. The flat side of the semicircular cylinder is connected to the static pressure box 1-1, and a plurality of slit air outlets are opened on the arc surface of the semicircular cylinder.

[0047] There are three groups of six slit air outlets, symmetrically arranged about the centerline of the curved surface. On one side are the first air outlet 3, the second air outlet 4, and the third air outlet 5. The three air outlets are a carefully designed feature. If the number of air outlets were increased, the spacing between each air outlet would decrease, causing the jets to merge prematurely and preventing air from flowing over a large area.

[0048] The thickness direction of the semicircular cylinder is parallel to the length direction of the static pressure box 1-1, and the multiple air outlet box bodies 1-2 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the static pressure box 1-1.

[0049] The upper static pressure box 1-1 is connected to the air supply duct 2. Depending on the range of air supply required, a single or multiple units can be used in series. Figure 3 shown.

[0050] The key to the present invention is to determine the arc lengths of the three groups of air vents, the position of each group of air vents, and the distance between the two air supply components 1 when used in series.

[0051] First, for double-hole jets, there is an adsorption zone before the two jets mix, and then the two jets mix into one jet. In order to achieve a larger range and more uniform air supply, it is necessary to avoid mixing of the jets from two adjacent air outlets as much as possible.

[0052] The air supply component 1 is arranged at the position of the refuge chamber. Figure 4 As shown, due to the different air supply distances of each air outlet, the arc length calculation of each group of air outlets must satisfy the following relationship. The arc length of the first air outlet 3 satisfies the relationship: The arc length of the second air outlet 4 satisfies the relationship: The arc length of the third air outlet 5 satisfies the relationship:

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, due to the difference in the depth of the refuge chamber, when the air supply range of one air supply component 11 cannot meet the demand, multiple air supply components 1 can be used in series. When connected in series, the center distance between the two air supply components 1 is L2≥4L3, where L3 is the length of the air supply component 1.

[0054] The calculation of the air outlet velocity of the slit air outlet satisfies the relationship:

[0055] Among them, P j is the static pressure at the air outlet, and ρ is the air density.

[0056] The total air supply volume satisfies the relationship:

[0057] Where n is the number of air supply components, v i is the speed of the ith air outlet, s i is the arc length of the i-th air outlet.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, for the double non-parallel jets, although the outer edges of the double jets are not restricted, the two jets are restricted by each other, and the entrainment is insufficient, resulting in mutual adsorption. In addition, the air supply component 1 involved in the present invention is mainly the air outlet box 1-2, and the flow is more complicated. Using three characteristic lengths x s 、x m 、x p To describe the flow characteristics, where x s is the distance from the stagnation point to the nozzle front edge, x m is the distance between the intersection point of the jet centerline and the nozzle front edge, x p It is the distance from the position of maximum centerline pressure to the leading edge of the nozzle.

[0059] The angle between the midpoints of the two tuyere outlets and the center of the circle is represented by A, the corresponding central angle of the tuyere outlet is represented by the new a, and the arc length of the tuyere outlet is represented by d. Multiple groups of working conditions are simulated, such as Figure 6 As shown, the fitting results in the following empirical relationship:

[0060]

[0061] The following describes a comparison of the wind speed distribution uniformity of the present invention, attached air supply, and traditional mixed air supply at the height of 1.7m and 1.1m in the same refuge chamber in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0062] Figure 7 (a1) and (a2) are 8 air supply components 1 installed at the end of the air supply pipe in the middle of the refuge chamber. The width and height of the refuge chamber are 5.5m×3.8m. The height H of the air supply components 1 from the ground is 3m. The air supply speed is 3.62m / s. The diameter of the air outlet box 1-2 is 200mm. According to the distance x from the intersection of the jet centerline to the front edge of the nozzle, m , the distance x from the position of the maximum centerline pressure to the nozzle front edge p , the angle between the line connecting the midpoint of the second air outlet 4 on the air outlet box body 1-2 and the center of the circle and the line connecting the midpoint of the first air outlet 3 and the center of the circle is 32°; the angle between the line connecting the midpoint of the third air outlet 5 and the center of the circle below the component and the line connecting the midpoint of the second air outlet 4 and the center of the circle below the component is 32°; the angle between the line connecting the midpoint of the first air outlet 3 and the center of the circle below the component and the horizontal direction is 6°; when the air supply component 1 is provided at the end of the air supply pipe of the refuge chamber as an air supply port, according to the distance x from the centerline flow velocity 0 point to the front edge of the nozzle s The vertical distance H between the lowest point of the air supply component 1 and the ground is 3m, and the air supply direction is vertical; the velocity contour maps of the 1.7m and 1.1m height sections in the refuge chamber are given, and it can be seen that the distribution of wind speed in the entire refuge chamber is relatively uniform.

[0063] Figure 7 (b1) and (b2) are attached air supply systems. Two slit-type air vents with a size of 2000mm×150mm are installed on the rear wall of the refuge chamber. The air supply direction is downward and the air supply speed is 1.00m / s. Velocity contour maps of the 1.7m and 1.1m height sections in the refuge chamber are given. Figure 7 Compared with (a1) and (a2), Figure 7 (b1), Figure 7 The contour lines of (b2) are more concentrated on the rear wall near the air supply port, while the wind speed in the personnel activity area in the middle of the refuge chamber is lower, and the wind speed distribution in the entire refuge chamber is uneven.

[0064] Figure 7 (c1) and (c2) are traditional mixed air supply. Two slit-type air outlets with a size of 1000mm×75mm are arranged on both sides of the air supply pipe in the middle of the refuge chamber. The air supply speed is 2.67m / s. The velocity contour line diagrams of the 1.7m and 1.1m height sections in the refuge chamber are given. Figure 7 (a1), Figure 7 (a2) compared to Figure 7 (c1), Figure 7 The contour lines of (c2) are more concentrated on the walls on both sides, while the wind speed in the personnel activity area in the middle of the refuge chamber is lower, and the wind speed distribution in the entire refuge chamber is uneven.

[0065] The present invention discloses an air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber. By arranging slit air outlets of different sizes on the air outlet box 1-2 and combining them in series, the air supply effect is more uniform and low-speed in the breathing zone of personnel compared with the above-mentioned attached air supply and traditional mixed air supply, thereby ensuring the demand for fresh air for personnel in the refuge chamber to a greater extent and creating a comfortable indoor ventilation airflow organization.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air supply component for a breathing zone of a refuge chamber, characterized in that: The air supply component (1) comprises a static pressure box (1-1) and a plurality of air outlet box bodies (1-2) connected below the static pressure box (1-1) and arranged in parallel with each other; The air outlet box (1-2) is a semicircular cylinder, the plane side of the semicircular cylinder is connected to the static pressure box (1-1), and a slit air outlet is opened on the arc surface of the semicircular cylinder; There are three groups of slit air outlets, forming six slit air outlets, which are symmetrical about the center line of the arc surface. A first air supply outlet (3), a second air supply outlet (4) and a third air supply outlet (5) are distributed in sequence from top to bottom on one side of the arc surface. The arc lengths of the first air supply port (3), the second air supply port (4), and the third air supply port (5) decrease in sequence; The air supply component (1) is used alone or in series according to actual conditions. When the air supply components (1) are connected in series, the center distance between the two air supply components (1) is ≥4 ,in is the length of the air supply component (1); The arc length of the first air outlet (3) satisfies the relationship: ; The arc length of the second air outlet (4) satisfies the relationship: ; The arc length of the third air outlet (5) satisfies the relationship: ; Where W is the diameter of the semi-cylinder.

2. The air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the air outlet velocity of the slit air outlet satisfies the relationship: ; in is the static pressure at the air outlet, is the air density.

3. The air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total air supply volume satisfies the relationship: ; in is the number of air supply components (1), is the speed of the i-th air outlet, is the arc length of the i-th air outlet.

4. The air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply components (1) are arranged at the top of the room, and when arranged in a single row, the air supply components (1) are located on the central axis of the top of the room.

5. The air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular diameter of the semi-cylinder is equal to the width of the static pressure box (1-1); The distance from the highest point of the top of the air supply component (1) to the bottom ,in is the height of the static pressure box (1-1), is the diameter of the semi-cylinder.

6. The air supply component for the breathing zone of a refuge chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three characteristic lengths are used To describe the flow characteristics, is the distance from the centerline velocity 0 point to the front edge of the nozzle, is the distance between the intersection point of the jet centerline and the nozzle front edge, is the distance from the position of the maximum centerline pressure to the leading edge of the nozzle; The angle between the midpoints of two adjacent slit vents and the center of the circle is represented by A, the central angle of a certain slit vent is represented by a, and the arc length of a certain slit vent is represented by d; After performing multiple working condition simulations, the following relationship was obtained: 。

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