A test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness

Abstract

The present invention provides a test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness, which can simulate the coal seam excavation process at different cutting points and is simple and convenient to operate. The technical solution is as follows: it includes an experimental box, a simulated excavation opening is provided on the longitudinal front end face of the experimental box, a pre-buried square tube corresponding to the position of the simulated excavation opening and longitudinally passing through the interior of the experimental box is fixedly connected to the experimental box, a sealing plate is fixedly connected to the longitudinal rear end face of the pre-buried square tube, a plurality of vertical through holes connected to the interior of the pre-buried square tube are provided on the upper end face of the pre-buried square tube, a plurality of pumping plates are longitudinally slidably connected to the pre-buried square tube, and when the plurality of pumping plates are completely located inside the pre-buried square tube, a blocking structure for the pre-buried square tube is formed. The present invention can simulate the coal seam excavation process at different stratum depths and different excavation initial positions, and has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of simulation experimental devices, in particular to a test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of coal mining will form goafs underground. The existence of goafs poses a great safety problem to the safe production of mines. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to and prevent the subsidence activities of the strata in the goafs. At present, an experimental device simulating coal seam excavation is used to simulate the stratum movement conditions after coal seam excavation. However, most of the existing experimental devices simulating coal seam excavation cannot simulate coal seam excavation at different depths, and can only simulate coal seam excavation at a fixed initial position of coal seam excavation. The range of simulation is small, and the existing experimental devices simulating coal seam excavation also have the problem of complex structure and difficult operation. In the Chinese patent document disclosed by application number CN201810701318.0, a water bag filled with water is used to simulate the coal seam, and then the water bag is released to simulate the excavation process of the coal seam. This patent cannot simulate coal seam excavation at different depths, and can only simulate coal seam excavation at a fixed initial position of coal seam excavation, which has certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness, which simulates the coal seam excavation process by setting a pre-buried square tube with multiple vertical through holes and multiple pumping plates longitudinally slidably connected in the pre-buried square tube. The coal seam excavation process at different stratum depths can be simulated by adjusting the vertical position of the pre-buried square tube in the test box. The coal seam excavation process at different stratum depths can be simulated by sealing the vertical through holes at corresponding positions on the pre-buried square tube. The coal seam excavation process at different excavation initial positions can be simulated. The adjustment is convenient and the operation is simple and easy. By setting pumping plates of different thicknesses, the excavation process of coal seams of different thicknesses and the deformation law of the overlying strata can be simulated. The present invention also has the advantages of sophisticated structure, easy operation, and can realize coal seam excavation simulation under multiple working conditions and low cost.

[0004] The technical solution is a test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness, comprising a test box, characterized in that a simulated excavation opening is provided on the longitudinal front end face of the test box, a pre-buried square tube corresponding to the position of the simulated excavation opening and longitudinally penetrating the interior of the test box is fixedly connected inside the test box, a sealing plate is fixedly connected to the longitudinal rear end face of the pre-buried square tube, a plurality of vertical through holes communicating with the interior of the pre-buried square tube are provided on the upper end face of the pre-buried square tube, a plurality of pumping plates are longitudinally slidably connected inside the pre-buried square tube, and when the plurality of pumping plates are completely located inside the pre-buried square tube, a blocking structure for the pre-buried square tube is formed;

[0005] The simulated excavation opening is located at the center line of the longitudinal front end surface of the test box, and the cross-sectional size of the embedded square tube is consistent with the size of the simulated excavation opening;

[0006] The plurality of drawers are composed of a plurality of thin plates of different thicknesses, and a handle is fixedly connected to the longitudinal front end surface of each drawer;

[0007] The experimental box is made of transparent tempered glass.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention also provides a test method for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: according to the initial position of the excavation to be simulated, the vertical through holes at the corresponding positions on the embedded square tube are blocked. For example, when the excavation is simulated from the longitudinal middle position, the vertical through holes at the longitudinal rear end of the embedded square tube are blocked, leaving only the vertical through holes at the longitudinal center and longitudinal front end of the embedded square tube. If the excavation is simulated from the longitudinal rear end, the vertical through holes do not need to be blocked.

[0010] Step 2: The pre-buried square tube is fixedly connected inside the test box according to the position of the simulated excavation opening corresponding to the simulated coal seam excavation at different depths, and then each draw plate is inserted into the pre-buried square tube in descending order of thickness from bottom to top to seal the pre-buried square tube;

[0011] Step 3: Fill the experimental box with a certain height of stratum simulation material sand and make the sand cover the embedded square tube;

[0012] Step 4: Pull the handles on each drawer plate and slowly pull out each drawer plate in order from top to bottom;

[0013] Step 5: Observe the movement state of the sand body inside the experimental box after each draw plate is gradually pulled out and record and analyze the displacement motion field of the particles. The PIV technology can be used to collect image information of the sand body on multiple sides of the experimental box, which can facilitate and intuitively analyze the displacement motion field of the sand body particles.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The coal seam excavation process is simulated by setting up a pre-buried square tube with multiple vertical through holes and multiple draw plates connected longitudinally in the pre-buried square tube. The vertical position of the pre-buried square tube in the experimental box can be adjusted to simulate the coal seam excavation process at different stratum depths;

[0016] 2. By blocking the vertical through holes at the corresponding positions on the embedded square tube, the coal seam excavation process at different excavation initial positions can be simulated, which is convenient for adjustment and easy to operate;

[0017] 3. Simulate the excavation process of coal seams of different thicknesses and the deformation law of the overlying strata by setting pumping plates of different thicknesses;

[0018] 4. The present invention also has the advantages of being compact in structure, easy to operate, capable of realizing coal seam excavation simulation under multiple working conditions, and having low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the first viewing angle of the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the second viewing angle of the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the embedded square tube and plate extraction device of the present invention from the first perspective.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the second viewing angle of the schematic diagram of the embedded square tube and plate extraction device of the present invention.

[0023] 1. Experimental box, 2. Simulated excavation, 3. Embedded square tube, 4. Sealing plate, 5. Vertical through hole, 6. Pull-out plate, 7. Handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.

[0025] When the device of the present invention is in use, the experimental box 1 is first positioned and can be fixedly installed on the experimental table. A simulated excavation opening 2 is opened on the longitudinal front end surface of the experimental box 1. The simulated excavation opening 2 is located at the center line position of the longitudinal front end surface of the experimental box 1. The vertical height of the longitudinal front end surface of the experimental box 1 where the simulated excavation opening 2 is located is determined according to the coal seam depth of the coal seam excavation process to be simulated. After determining the position of the simulated excavation opening 2, the simulated excavation opening 2 is opened on the longitudinal front end surface of the experimental box 1. Then, according to the initial position of the coal seam excavation to be simulated, the multiple vertical through holes 5 opened at the corresponding positions on the upper end surface of the embedded square tube 3 are blocked. The vertical through holes 5 can be blocked with adhesive tape. When the vertical through holes 5 do not need to be blocked, Just tear off the tape. For example, when you want to simulate excavation from the middle of the longitudinal depth of the coal seam, block the vertical through hole 5 at the longitudinal rear end of the embedded square tube 3 and only leave some vertical through holes 5 at the longitudinal center and longitudinal front end of the embedded square tube 3. If you simulate excavation from the longitudinal rear end, there is no need to block the vertical through hole 5. Then, insert the embedded square tube 3 into the interior of the experimental box 1 longitudinally rearward through the simulated excavation opening 2 corresponding to the position of the simulated excavation opening 2. The cross-sectional size of the embedded square tube 3 is consistent with the size of the simulated excavation opening 2. The length of the embedded square tube 3 runs longitudinally through the interior of the experimental box 1. Then, fix the embedded square tube 3 to the inside of the experimental box 1. It can be fixed with glue or screws.

[0026] After the embedded square tube 3 is fixedly connected to the inside of the experimental box 1, multiple pull-out plates 6 are inserted into the embedded square tube 3 in descending order of thickness from bottom to top to seal the embedded square tube 3. The multiple pull-out plates 6 are composed of multiple thin plates of different thicknesses, and the longitudinal front end face of each pull-out plate 6 is fixedly connected to a handle 7. First, the thickest pull-out plate 6 is inserted into the embedded square tube 3 along the lower end face of the embedded square tube 3, and then the pull-out plate 6 with smaller thickness is inserted into the embedded square tube 3 along the upper end face of the previous pull-out plate 6. And so on. When the multiple pull-out plates 6 are completely located inside the embedded square tube 3, a sealing structure for the embedded square tube 3 is formed. The length of each pull-out plate 6 is consistent with the longitudinal length of the internal cavity of the embedded square tube 3. After each pull-out plate 6 is inserted into the embedded square tube 3, the handles 7 corresponding to each pull-out plate 6 are located outside the longitudinal front end face of the embedded square tube 3 to facilitate subsequent pulling out.

[0027] After each extraction plate 6 is fully inserted into the embedded square tube 3, a certain height of dry sand of the stratum simulation material is poured into the experimental box 1 and the sand is covered with the embedded square tube 3. The longitudinal rear end face of the embedded square tube 3 is fixedly connected with a sealing plate 4. The left and right side plates and the sealing plate 4 on the embedded square tube 3 both play the role of isolating the sand, so that the sand can only enter the embedded square tube 3 through the multiple vertical through holes 5 on the embedded square tube 3. Then, the handles 7 on each extraction plate 6 are pulled out in order from top to bottom, and each extraction plate 6 is slowly pulled out in turn. In the process of pulling out each extraction plate 6, a gradually increasing cavity is formed inside the embedded square tube 3. The sand moves downward through the multiple vertical through holes 5 opened on the upper end face of the embedded square tube 3 to fill the cavity inside the embedded square tube 3, thereby achieving the experimental effect of simulating coal seam excavation.

[0028] The coal seam excavation process at different stratum depths is simulated by setting simulated excavation openings 2 and pre-buried square tubes 3 at different heights. When simulating excavation from the longitudinal rear end of the coal seam, there is no need to block the vertical through holes 5 on the pre-buried square tube 3. As each pumping plate 6 is gradually pulled out, a gradually increasing cavity is formed inside the pre-buried square tube 3 from the longitudinal rear end to the longitudinal front end of the pre-buried square tube 3. Sand moves downward through the multiple vertical through holes 5 opened on the upper end face of the pre-buried square tube 3 to fill the cavity inside the pre-buried square tube 3, thereby simulating the coal seam excavation process from the longitudinal rear end of the coal seam. When simulating excavation from the middle position of the longitudinal depth of the coal seam, the vertical through holes 5 at the longitudinal rear end of the pre-buried square tube 3 are blocked, leaving only part of the vertical through holes 5 at the longitudinal center and longitudinal front end of the pre-buried square tube 3. Through hole 5. At this time, when each pumping plate 6 is gradually pulled out, although a gradually increasing cavity is formed at the longitudinal rear end position of the embedded square tube 3, since the vertical through hole 5 at the longitudinal rear end position of the embedded square tube 3 has been blocked, the sand cannot fall into the interior of the embedded square tube 3. At this time, it means that the simulated excavation process has not yet been carried out. When each pumping plate 6 is gradually pulled out and leaves the longitudinal center position of the embedded square tube 3, the gradually increasing cavity inside the embedded square tube 3 is connected with part of the vertical through holes 5 at the longitudinal center position and the longitudinal front end position of the embedded square tube 3, and the sand begins to fall into the interior of the embedded square tube 3. At this time, it means that the simulated excavation starts. At this time, only part of the sand in the middle part of the sand body and the longitudinal front end of the sand body move downward, realizing the simulation of the coal seam excavation process when excavating from the middle position of the longitudinal depth of the coal seam.

[0029] By controlling the speed of withdrawing each pumping plate 6, the speed of coal seam excavation can be simulated. By withdrawing pumping plates 6 of different thicknesses, the excavation process of coal seams of different thicknesses can be simulated. The coal seam excavation process can be simulated from multiple aspects.

[0030] The experimental box 1 is made of transparent tempered glass, which can observe the movement state of the sand body inside the experimental box 1 in real time after each pumping plate 6 is gradually pulled out and record and analyze the displacement motion field of the particles. The image information of the sand body on multiple sides of the experimental box 1 can be collected through PIV technology, which can facilitate and intuitively analyze the displacement motion field of the sand body particles.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness, comprising a test box (1), characterized in that: The test box (1) is provided with a simulated excavation opening (2) on its longitudinal front face, and a pre-buried square tube (3) corresponding to the position of the simulated excavation opening (2) and longitudinally penetrating the interior of the test box (1) is fixedly connected to the test box (1), and the coal seam excavation process at different stratum depths can be simulated by adjusting the vertical position of the pre-buried square tube in the test box; a sealing plate (4) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal rear face of the pre-buried square tube (3), and a plurality of vertical through holes (5) communicating with the interior of the pre-buried square tube (3) are provided on the upper end face of the pre-buried square tube (3), and the coal seam excavation process at different excavation initial positions can be simulated by blocking the vertical through holes at corresponding positions on the pre-buried square tube; a plurality of pumping plates (6) are longitudinally slidably connected to the interior of the pre-buried square tube (3), and when the plurality of pumping plates (6) are completely located inside the pre-buried square tube (3), they form a blocking structure for the pre-buried square tube (3); The simulated excavation opening (2) is located at the center line of the longitudinal front end surface of the test box (1), and the cross-sectional size of the embedded square tube (3) is consistent with the size of the simulated excavation opening (2); The plurality of pumping plates (6) are composed of a plurality of thin plates of different thicknesses, and a handle (7) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal front end surface of each pumping plate (6); by arranging pumping plates of different thicknesses, the excavation process of coal seams of different thicknesses and the deformation law of the overlying strata can be simulated; The experimental box (1) is made of transparent tempered glass.

2. A test method for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness, characterized in that: The simulation is performed using the test device for simulating stratum deformation induced by arbitrary cutting points and coal seam thickness as described in claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: according to the initial position of the simulated excavation, the vertical through holes (5) at the corresponding positions on the embedded square tube (3) are blocked. When simulating excavation from the longitudinal middle position, the vertical through holes (5) at the longitudinal rear end position of the embedded square tube (3) are blocked, leaving only the vertical through holes (5) at the longitudinal center position and the longitudinal front end position of the embedded square tube (3). Alternatively, when simulating excavation from the longitudinal rear end, the vertical through holes (5) do not need to be blocked. Step 2: The pre-buried square tube (3) is fixedly connected to the interior of the experimental box (1) according to the position of the simulated excavation opening (2) corresponding to the excavation of coal seams at different depths, and then each draw plate (6) is inserted into the interior of the pre-buried square tube (3) in descending order of thickness from bottom to top to seal the pre-buried square tube (3); by setting draw plates of different thicknesses, the excavation process of coal seams of different thicknesses and the deformation law of the overlying strata can be simulated; Step 3: Fill the experimental box (1) with a certain height of stratum simulation material sand and make the sand cover the pre-buried square tube (3); Step 4: Pull the handles (7) on each drawer plate (6) in order from top to bottom to slowly pull out each drawer plate (6); Step 5: Observe the movement state of the sand body inside the experimental box (1) after each extraction plate (6) is gradually extracted and record and analyze the displacement motion field of the particles. The PIV technology can be used to collect image information of the sand bodies on multiple sides of the experimental box (1), which can facilitate and intuitively analyze the displacement motion field of the sand body particles.

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