Method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil, the method comprising the following steps: preparing a blank of the non-stick cooking utensil; simultaneously spraying a perovskite material and a ductile metal material onto the blank of the non-stick cooking utensil via different spray guns by means of plasma spraying to form a non-stick coating; and performing shot peening on the non-stick coating to obtain the non-stick cooking utensil, wherein the perovskite material is represented by ABO3, A comprises at least one of alkaline earth metals, B comprises at least one of transition metals, and wherein the elongation at break of the ductile metal material is greater than or equal to 12%. Therefore, by using the plasma spraying method with dual spray guns, a non-stick cooking utensil with effects such as stable material quality, high hardness, high temperature resistance, and long non-stick life can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil by simultaneously spraying a perovskite material and a ductile metal material onto a substrate via different spray guns in a plasma spraying manner. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are mainly two categories of non-stick cooking utensils used for cooking food: 1) Spraying a fluororesin as a non-stick coating on the surface of a metal substrate to achieve a non-stick effect. However, currently, non-stick cooking utensils made of fluororesin are easily worn and scratched, and there are problems such as a short non-stick life. 2) Spraying a non-stick powder of a composite material by a thermal spraying method to form a physical non-stick coating. Although this non-stick coating has high hardness and good wear resistance, this non-stick coating still has problems such as poor uniformity and insufficient non-stickiness.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method that can solve the problem of poor uniformity of the existing non-stick coating formed by a composite material including a perovskite material, thereby improving the non-stick performance of the non-stick coating. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems in the related art. To this end, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil, so as to achieve a non-stick cooking utensil with excellent characteristics such as high hardness, high wear resistance, and high corrosion resistance.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil, the method comprising the following steps: preparing a pot blank of the non-stick cooking utensil; simultaneously spraying a perovskite material and a ductile metal material onto the pot blank of the non-stick cooking utensil via different spray guns in a plasma spraying manner to form a non-stick coating; and performing shot peening on the non-stick coating to obtain the non-stick cooking utensil, wherein the perovskite material is represented by ABO3, A includes at least one of alkaline earth metals, B includes at least one of transition metals, and wherein the elongation at break of the ductile metal material is greater than or equal to 12%. By adopting the spraying method of dual spray guns, the process efficiency can be improved, thereby achieving good non-stickiness.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present invention, the spray gun includes a first spray gun for spraying the perovskite material and a second spray gun for spraying the ductile metal material, and the steps of spraying the perovskite material and the ductile metal material include: rotating the pot blank; and simultaneously spraying the first spray gun and the second spray gun at the same position of the pot blank and moving the first spray gun and the second spray gun in a radial direction from the edge of the pot blank to the center of the pot blank. By adopting a predetermined spraying method, the process efficiency can be improved, thereby achieving properties such as high hardness, high stability, and good high-temperature resistance.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the conditions for spraying the perovskite material are different from the conditions for spraying the ductile metal material. By controlling the spraying conditions, the process efficiency can be improved.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the spraying of the perovskite material is performed using a first spray gun under the following conditions: the flow rate of the main gas supply is 1500 L / H to 2000 L / H, the flow rate of the hydrogen supply is 80 L / H to 120 L / H, the voltage is 40 V to 60 V, the current is 300 A to 500 A, the rate of feeding the perovskite material is 30 g / min to 70 g / min, the distance between the first spray gun and the pot blank is 80 mm to 130 mm, and the nozzle of the first spray gun has a cylindrical shape and a diameter of 3 mm to 7 mm. By controlling the conditions of the spraying process, the process efficiency can be improved, and properties such as high hardness and high stability can be achieved.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the spraying of the ductile metal material is performed using a second spray gun under the following conditions: the flow rate of the main gas supply is 2000 L / H to 3000 L / H, the flow rate of the hydrogen supply is 30 L / H to 80 L / H, the voltage is 40 V to 90 V, the current is 450 A to 550 A, the rate of feeding the ductile metal material is 15 g / min to 60 g / min, the distance between the second spray gun and the pot blank is 80 mm to 130 mm, and the nozzle of the second spray gun has a flared shape in which the area of the bottom adjacent to the pot blank is larger than the area of the top away from the pot blank, and the diameter of the bottom of the nozzle of the second spray gun adjacent to the pot blank is 7 mm to 9 mm. By controlling the conditions of the spraying process, the process efficiency can be improved, and properties such as high hardness and high stability can be achieved.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, A is Ca and B is Ti; the ductile metal material includes Fe, Al, Cu, Ni, or their alloys. By including a predetermined perovskite material, the non-stick coating can have properties such as high hardness, high stability, and good high-temperature resistance.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, shot peening is performed on the non-stick coating using steel balls with a diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. By controlling the conditions of the shot peening, the process efficiency can be improved and the process cost can be reduced.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: roughening the pot blank before performing the steps of spraying the perovskite material and the ductile metal material. By performing the pot blank pretreatment process, good non-stick performance can be achieved.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step of roughening the pot blank, the pot blank is sandblasted with brown fused alumina of 40 mesh to 60 mesh for roughening. By controlling the pot blank pretreatment process, good non-stick performance can be achieved.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the non-stick coating has a thickness of 40 μm to 100 μm. By controlling the thickness of the non-stick coating, the non-stick cookware can have properties such as high hardness and high stability.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware is provided. By using a plasma spraying method to simultaneously spray a perovskite material and a ductile metal material through different spray guns to form a non-stick coating, properties such as high hardness, high wear resistance, high heat resistance, and improved non-stickiness can be achieved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] By combining the description of the embodiments with the drawings, the above and / or other features and aspects of the present invention will become clear and easy to understand.

[0017] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is a picture of the appearance of the non-stick coating after shot peening according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 is a picture of the appearance of the non-stick coating after sanding according to Comparative Example 5. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0020] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0021] As described above, the non-stick coatings included in the non-stick cookware in the prior art have more or less certain functional defects. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware with more optimized performance.

[0022] In the process of manufacturing non-stick cookware, a thermal spraying process is often used to spray a powder of a composite material including a perovskite material (specifically, a calcium titanate ceramic material) onto a substrate to prepare a non-stick coating.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the non-stick cookware may include a perovskite material and a ductile metal material. In an embodiment, the perovskite material may be represented by ABO3, where A may include at least one of alkaline earth metals, and B may include at least one of transition metals. In an embodiment, A is Ca and B is Ti. The perovskite material (specifically, calcium titanate ceramic material) has special properties. Specifically, the perovskite material may have a typical ABX3 crystal structure. As a representative of the perovskite material, a large number of oxygen vacancies and crystal defects may exist in the calcium titanate 113 structure. In the ABX3 crystal structure of the perovskite material, the A site may be a Ca metal cation, and the B site may be a Ti metal cation. When heated, the metal cations at the A site and the B site will displace, resulting in lattice distortion, reducing the symmetry and order of the crystal structure, and reducing the surface energy, thereby showing a certain non-stick effect. Specifically, as the most typical representative of the perovskite material, calcium titanate is currently commonly used in the photovoltaic industry and has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency. Calcium titanate belongs to the cubic crystal system. Since the calcium titanate crystal is extremely prone to lattice distortion due to the rotation of TiO6 or the displacement of cations, thereby reducing the symmetry of the crystal structure, calcium titanate often undergoes a phase change between the cubic, tetragonal, and orthorhombic crystal systems. During the lattice distortion of calcium titanate, the order of the material crystal structure decreases, and the surface free energy decreases. Therefore, calcium titanate can exhibit a certain non-stick property, and the magnitude of the non-stick property may be related to the degree of lattice distortion of calcium titanate. Therefore, the perovskite material can be used in the non-stick coating of the non-stick cookware. In addition, mixing the perovskite material with a ductile metal material to prepare the non-stick coating can further compensate for the problem of insufficient toughness of the perovskite material, thereby further increasing the non-stick property of the non-stick coating.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the elongation at break of the ductile metal material can be greater than or equal to about 12% and less than or equal to about 20%. For example, the elongation at break of the ductile metal material can be greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 14% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 15% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 16% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 17% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 18% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 19% and less than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 19%, greater than or equal to about 14% and less than or equal to about 19%, greater than or equal to about 15% and less than or equal to about 19%, greater than or equal to about 16% and less than or equal to about 19%, greater than or equal to about 17% and less than or equal to about 19%, greater than or equal to about 18% and less than or equal to about 19%, greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 18%, greater than or equal to about 14% and less than or equal to about 18%, greater than or equal to about 15% and less than or equal to about 18%, greater than or equal to about 16% and less than or equal to about 18%, greater than or equal to about 17% and less than or equal to about 18%, greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 17%, greater than or equal to about 14% and less than or equal to about 17%, greater than or equal to about 15% and less than or equal to about 17%, greater than or equal to about 16% and less than or equal to about 17%, greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 16%, greater than or equal to about 14% and less than or equal to about 16%, greater than or equal to about 15% and less than or equal to about 16%, greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 15%, greater than or equal to about 14% and less than or equal to about 15%, greater than or equal to about 13% and less than or equal to about 14%, etc. Specifically, the elongation at break of the ductile metal material can be 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, etc.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ductile metal material can include Fe, Al, Cu, Ni, or an alloy thereof.

[0026] In the prior art, in the process of thermal spraying composite materials, first, perovskite material powder and ductile metal material powder are evenly mixed, and then the mixed composite material is placed in the powder feeding tank of the thermal spraying equipment, and thermal spraying is carried out with a single spray gun under the same spraying parameters. However, since the perovskite material powder belongs to ceramic powder and has a melting point of 1980 °C, when the perovskite material powder is mixed with ductile metal material powder having a melting point with a large difference from that of the perovskite material powder, if the two powders are sprayed simultaneously under the same parameters, due to the poor matching of the plasma parameters of the perovskite material powder and the ductile metal material powder, there will be a large difference in the spraying deposition rates of the two, resulting in a large difference between the ratio of the two materials in the finally formed non-stick coating and the ratio of the two materials before spraying, making the non-stick performance of the non-stick coating poor and the quality low.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to solve the problem of poor process effect caused by thermal spraying perovskite material powder and ductile metal material powder with a single spray gun under the same parameters, a dual-spray gun synchronous spraying process is innovatively adopted, and the perovskite material powder and the ductile metal material powder are thermally sprayed respectively with different spraying parameters, so as to improve the matching between the spraying parameters and the material powder, and make the components of the finally formed non-stick coating uniform and of high quality.

[0028] The following will be described in detail with reference to Figure 1 a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 , a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: preparing a pot blank of the non-stick cookware (step S310); thermally spraying the perovskite material and the ductile metal material onto the pot blank of the non-stick cookware simultaneously via different spray guns by means of plasma spraying (step S320) to form a non-stick coating; and performing shot peening on the non-stick coating (step S330) to obtain the non-stick cookware.

[0031] In step S310, the step of preparing a blank of a non-stick cookware is performed. The blank of the non-stick cookware can be prepared by a stretching process or a casting process. The methods of the stretching process or the casting process can adopt any existing technologies, and the present invention does not limit this. Optionally, a suitable blank can be directly purchased through a commercial means. The term "blank" used herein refers to a round-bottomed pot with a circular arc shape that is smaller at the bottom and larger at the top. In an embodiment, before performing the steps of spraying a perovskite material and a ductile metal material, the blank can also be roughened. In the step of roughening the blank, brown fused alumina with a mesh size of 40 to 60 can be used to perform sandblasting on the blank for roughening.

[0032] In step S320, the step of simultaneously spraying a perovskite material and a ductile metal material on the blank of the non-stick cookware by means of plasma spraying via different spray guns is performed. Specifically, the spray guns can include a first spray gun for spraying the perovskite material and a second spray gun for spraying the ductile metal material. The perovskite material and the ductile metal material can be respectively subjected to plasma spraying by using the first spray gun and the second spray gun. The steps of spraying the perovskite material and the ductile metal material can include: rotating the blank; and simultaneously spraying the same position of the blank by the first spray gun and the second spray gun and moving the first spray gun and the second spray gun along the radial direction from the edge of the blank to the center of the blank.

[0033] In the step of performing plasma spraying, the perovskite material and the ductile metal material can be sprayed under different conditions. By respectively adopting appropriate plasma spraying process parameters for different types of powders, a better powder melting state can be obtained, thereby obtaining a higher deposition efficiency and a lower porosity, and at the same time ensuring that different types of powders can be uniformly distributed in the finally formed non-stick coating to obtain a non-stick coating with excellent performance.

[0034] In an embodiment, the perovskite material can be sprayed by using the first spray gun under the following conditions: the flow rate of the supply of the main gas (specifically, argon) is 1500 L / H to 2000 L / H, the flow rate of the supply of hydrogen is 80 L / H to 120 L / H, the voltage is 40 V to 60 V, the current is 300 A to 500 A, the feeding rate of the perovskite material is 30 g / min to 70 g / min, the distance between the first spray gun and the blank is 80 mm to 130 mm, and the nozzle of the first spray gun has a cylindrical shape and a diameter of 3 mm to 7 mm.

[0035] In an embodiment, the second spray gun can be used to spray a ductile metal material under the following conditions: the flow rate of the main gas (specifically, argon) supply is 2000 L / H to 3000 L / H, the flow rate of the hydrogen supply is 30 L / H to 80 L / H, the voltage is 40 V to 90 V, the current is 450 A to 550 A, the rate of feeding the ductile metal material is 15 g / min to 60 g / min, the distance between the second spray gun and the pot blank is 80 mm to 130 mm, and the nozzle of the second spray gun has a flared shape in which the area of the bottom adjacent to the pot blank is larger than the area of the top away from the pot blank, and the diameter of the bottom of the nozzle of the second spray gun adjacent to the pot blank is 7 mm to 9 mm. In addition, the diameter of the top of the nozzle of the second spray gun away from the pot blank only needs to be slightly smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the nozzle of the second spray gun adjacent to the pot blank. For example, the diameter of the top of the nozzle of the second spray gun away from the pot blank can be in the range of 6 mm to 8 mm.

[0036] Regarding the nozzle diameter parameters of the first spray gun and the second spray gun, since a small part of the mixed gas of argon and hydrogen in the plasma spraying process is ionized and heated and ejected through the nozzles of the first spray gun and the second spray gun, the powder flowing out of the powder feeding nozzle is heated and driven to deposit on the surface of the substrate. Since the perovskite material has a high melting point and requires characteristics such as concentrated flame flow, high speed, and concentrated deposition position, the nozzle diameter of the first spray gun used for spraying the perovskite material is small, and the nozzle is a straight hole. In addition, since the ductile metal material has a low melting point and requires more adhesion and a larger and more uniform coverage range of the ductile metal material while not requiring high power and speed, the second spray gun used for spraying the ductile metal material needs to have a flared hole with a larger nozzle diameter.

[0037] The non-stick coating of the non-stick cookware formed through the above steps can have a thickness of 40 μm to 100 μm. Specifically, the non-stick coating of the non-stick cookware formed through the above steps can have a thickness of 40 μm to 90 μm, 40 μm to 80 μm, 40 μm to 70 μm, 40 μm to 60 μm, 40 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 90 μm, 50 μm to 80 μm, 50 μm to 70 μm, 50 μm to 60 μm, 60 μm to 90 μm, 60 μm to 80 μm, 60 μm to 70 μm, 70 μm to 90 μm, 70 μm to 80 μm, 80 μm to 90 μm, etc. For example, the non-stick coating of the non-stick cookware formed through the above steps can have a thickness of 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, etc.

[0038] In step S330, a step of shot peening the non-stick coating is performed. Specifically, steel beads with a diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm can be used to perform shot peening on the non-stick coating. Here, it is mainly considered that when the diameter of the steel beads is greater than 0.5 mm, it is easy to break the non-stick coating formed in step S320; when the diameter of the steel beads is less than 0.1 mm, the requirements for the shot peening equipment are relatively high, and problems such as the steel beads getting stuck in the gaps are likely to occur, resulting in a relatively high post-treatment cost. When using steel beads with a diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm to perform post-treatment on the non-stick coating, the surface thrown out is smooth and delicate. Specifically, shot peening can make the surface of the non-stick coating shiny, and at the same time can cause grain boundary slip on the surface layer of the material, an increase in dislocation density, and an increase in lattice distortion, thereby improving the non-stick performance.

[0039] In the non-stick coating obtained by the above method, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the non-stick coating may include 50 wt% to 80 wt% of perovskite material and 20 wt% to 50 wt% of ductile metal material.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the weight of the perovskite material may be 50 wt% to 80 wt%. Here, it is mainly considered that when the weight of the perovskite material is less than 50 wt%, the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating is not obvious; when the weight of the perovskite material is higher than 80 wt%, the non-stick coating is too brittle. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the weight of the perovskite material may be 50 wt% to 75 wt%, 55 wt% to 80 wt%, 60 wt% to 80 wt%, 70 wt% to 80 wt%, 60 wt% to 75 wt%, 62 wt% to 75 wt%, 65 wt% to 75 wt%, 65 wt% to 78 wt%, 70 wt% to 75 wt%, etc. Specifically, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the weight of the perovskite material may be 50 wt%, 51 wt%, 52 wt%, 53 wt%, 54 wt%, 55 wt%, 56 wt%, 57 wt%, 58 wt%, 59 wt%, 60 wt%, 61 wt%, 62 wt%, 63 wt%, 64 wt%, 65 wt%, 66 wt%, 67 wt%, 68 wt%, 69 wt%, 70 wt%, 71 wt%, 72 wt%, 73 wt%, 74 wt%, 75 wt%, 76 wt%, 77 wt%, 78 wt%, 79 wt%, 80 wt%, etc.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the weight of the ductile metal material can be 20 wt% to 50 wt%. Here, it is mainly considered that when the weight of the ductile metal material is less than 20 wt%, the non-stick coating is too brittle; when the weight of the ductile metal material is higher than 50 wt%, the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating is not obvious. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the weight of the ductile metal material can be 20 wt% to 45 wt%, 25 wt% to 50 wt%, 30 wt% to 50 wt%, 40 wt% to 50 wt%, 30 wt% to 45 wt%, 32 wt% to 45 wt%, 35 wt% to 45 wt%, 35 wt% to 48 wt%, 40 wt% to 45 wt%, etc. Specifically, based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the weight of the ductile metal material can be 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt%, 29 wt%, 30 wt%, 31 wt%, 32 wt%, 33 wt%, 34 wt%, 35 wt%, 36 wt%, 37 wt%, 38 wt%, 39 wt%, 40 wt%, 41 wt%, 42 wt%, 43 wt%, 44 wt%, 45 wt%, 46 wt%, 47 wt%, 48 wt%, 49 wt%, 50 wt%, etc.

[0042] In the present invention, the ratio of the perovskite material and the ductile metal material in the non-stick coating can be controlled by the feeding rate of the perovskite material and the feeding rate of the ductile metal material (for example, the weight ratio of the perovskite material to the ductile metal material is 1:1 to 4:1).

[0043] By spraying the perovskite material and the ductile metal material on the surface of the non-stick cookware by adopting the spraying method of the present invention, the finally formed non-stick cookware can have improved non-stick performance, achieving effects such as stable material, high hardness, high temperature resistance, and long non-stick life. In addition, the present invention innovatively adopts a double-gun synchronous spraying process, and each gun head adopts different process parameters, which has good matching for different thermal spraying powders, and the prepared non-stick coating has uniform composition and high coating quality.

[0044] Hereinafter, the method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware by spraying the perovskite material and the ductile metal material with different parameters using a double spray gun is adopted. Specifically, calcium titanate material powder with an average particle size of 20 μm and FeTi with an average particle size of 20 μm 30The alloy powder is sprayed onto the pot blank by means of double-gun synchronous plasma spraying to prepare a non-stick cooking utensil.

[0047] In the step of preparing the pot blank of the non-stick cooking utensil, an aluminum alloy pot blank is used as the spraying substrate, and sandblasting treatment is carried out on the substrate. Among them, brown fused alumina with a mesh size of 40 to 60 is used to sandblast the pot blank so that the pot blank has a roughness (Rz) of 30 μm to 50 μm.

[0048] In the double-gun synchronous plasma spraying process, the specific parameters of the first gun for spraying calcium titanate material powder are as follows: the flow rate of supplied argon is 1500 L / H; the flow rate of supplied hydrogen is 100 L / H; the voltage is 50 V; the current is 400 A; the feeding rate of calcium titanate material powder is 50 g / min; the diameter of the straight cylindrical nozzle of the first gun is 5 mm; the distance between the first gun and the pot blank is 80 mm.

[0049] In the double-gun synchronous plasma spraying process, the specific parameters of the second gun for spraying ductile metal powder are as follows: the flow rate of supplied argon is 2000 L / H; the flow rate of supplied hydrogen is 60 L / H; the voltage is 60 V; the current is 480 A; the feeding rate of ductile metal powder is 20 g / min; the distance between the second gun and the pot blank is 80 mm; and the nozzle of the second gun has a flared shape with a bottom diameter of 9 mm.

[0050] The average thickness of the non-stick coating formed by the above steps is 50 μm.

[0051] When post-treating the non-stick coating, shot peening treatment is adopted. Among them, steel balls with a diameter of 0.3 mm are used to carry out shot peening treatment on the non-stick coating to obtain a non-stick cooking utensil with a smooth inner surface. Among them, the weight ratio of calcium titanate material powder to FeTi 30 alloy powder in the non-stick coating is 2:1.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that The diameter of the steel ball is 0.1 mm .

[0054] Example 3

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that The diameter of the steel ball is 0.5 mm .

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] Fluororesin is used as a non-stick material to prepare non-stick cookware. Specifically, polytetrafluoroethylene is used as the coating material, and the non-stick cookware is prepared by air spraying and sintering curing. Among them, the composition of polytetrafluoroethylene is 45wt% polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 35wt% water, 5wt% diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 5wt% glycerol and 10wt% polyethylene glycol alkyl ether.

[0058] In the air spraying process, the specific parameters are as follows: the spraying distance is 160mm; the air pressure is 0.3MPa; the flow rate is 8L / min.

[0059] In the sintering curing process, the specific parameters are as follows: the sintering temperature is 420°C and the holding time is 6min.

[0060] The average thickness of the non-stick coating finally formed by the above steps is 20μm.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] Non-stick ceramic material is used as a non-stick material to prepare non-stick cookware. Specifically, non-stick ceramic is used as the coating material, and the non-stick cookware is prepared by air spraying and sintering curing. Among them, the composition of the non-stick ceramic is 45wt% polymethylsiloxane, 25wt% silica sol, 10wt% butyl acetate, 5wt% ethanol and 15wt% deionized water.

[0063] In the air spraying process, the specific parameters are as follows: the spraying distance is 160mm; the air pressure is 0.3MPa; the flow rate is 10L / min.

[0064] In the sintering curing process, the specific parameters are as follows: the sintering temperature is 270°C and the holding time is 4min.

[0065] The average thickness of the non-stick coating finally formed by the above steps is 20μm.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] A method of spraying perovskite material and ductile metal material with a single spray gun under the same parameters is used to prepare non-stick cookware. Specifically, calcium titanate material powder with an average particle size of 20μm and FeTi 30 alloy powder with an average particle size of 20μm are uniformly mixed according to a mass ratio of 4:1 to obtain a composite material. Then, the composite material is preheated, and plasma spraying is carried out after preheating. Here, the role of preheating is to improve the fluidity of the composite material powder and prevent problems such as gun jamming during the plasma spraying process.

[0068] In the step of preparing the pot blank of the non-stick cookware, an aluminum alloy pot blank is used as the spraying substrate, and sandblasting treatment is adopted for substrate treatment. Among them, brown fused alumina with a mesh size of 40 to 60 is used to sandblast the pot blank so that the pot blank has a roughness (Rz) of 30 μm to 50 μm.

[0069] In the process of plasma spraying the composite material powder, the specific parameters (mainly the parameters for spraying calcium titanate material powder) are as follows: the flow rate of supplied argon is 1500 L / H; the flow rate of supplied hydrogen is 100 L / H; the voltage is 50 V; the current is 400 A; the feeding rate of the composite material is 50 g / min; the diameter of the straight-hole nozzle is 5 mm; the distance between the spray gun and the pot blank is 80 mm.

[0070] The average thickness of the non-stick coating finally formed by the above steps is 50 μm.

[0071] When performing post-treatment on the non-stick coating, shot peening treatment is adopted. Among them, steel balls with a diameter of 0.3 mm are used to perform shot peening treatment on the non-stick coating to obtain a non-stick cookware with a smooth inner surface.

[0072] Comparative Example 4

[0073] The difference from Comparative Example 3 is that In the process of plasma spraying composite material powder, the specific parameters (mainly the parameters for spraying ductile metal material powder) are as follows: the flow rate of supplied argon is 2000 L / H; the flow rate of supplied hydrogen is 60 L / H; the voltage is 60 V; the current is 480 A; the feeding rate of the composite material is 20 g / min .

[0074] Comparative Example 5

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that When post-treating the non-stick coating, sanding treatment is adopted. Among them, 60-mesh brown fused alumina is used to sand the non-stick coating to obtain a non-stick cookware with a smooth inner surface .

[0076] Comparative Example 6

[0077] The difference from Example 1 is that The diameter of the steel ball is 1.0 mm .

[0078] Testing of the performance of non-stick cookware

[0079] Accelerated simulation testing and persistent non-stickiness testing are used to test the non-stick effects of the non-stick coatings of the non-stick cookware prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6. Specifically, the testing methods are as follows:

[0080] (1) Testing of accelerated simulation (non-stick life)

[0081] Referring to the accelerated simulation test procedure for non-stick frying pans, the non-stick lives of the non-stick cookware prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are evaluated. The testing process is as follows:

[0082] The non-stick cookware prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 was successively subjected to vibration abrasion resistance test, dry burning of mixed sauce test, cooking saline test, frying quartz stone (iron spatula) test and fried egg evaluation of non-stick grade test. When all the above test steps are completed, it marks the end of a test cycle.

[0083] In the vibration wear resistance test , the specific parameters are as follows:

[0084] Instrument: Vibration abrasion resistance tester.

[0085] Test method: 1) Put 1 Kg of quartz stone (particle size 9 mm to 12 mm) into the non-stick cookware; 2) Place the non-stick cookware on the heating furnace; 3) Set the vibration time of the instrument to 15 minutes, the heating temperature to 150 °C to 180 °C, and the rotation speed to 300 revolutions per minute; 4) Turn on the vibration button to make the quartz stone vibrate in the non-stick cookware for 15 minutes; and 5) After the test is completed, pour out the quartz stone in the non-stick cookware, and use dishwashing liquid to clean and dry the inner surface of the non-stick cookware.

[0086] Replacement period of quartz stone: 1 time / month.

[0087] In the dry-burning mixed sauce test , the specific parameters are as follows:

[0088] Ingredients: soy sauce, vinegar, cooking wine, monosodium glutamate, salt, sugar, cooking oil.

[0089] Test procedure and steps: 1) Prepare the mixed sauce according to the following weight ratio: completely dissolve all the ingredients in the ratio of soy sauce∶vinegar∶cooking wine∶monosodium glutamate∶salt∶sugar∶cooking oil = 4∶3∶2∶1∶1∶2∶2 (mass ratio), and mix evenly to form a special mixed sauce; 2) Take 50 g of the mixed sauce and put it into the non-stick cookware, and shake the non-stick cookware until the sauce evenly covers the bottom of the non-stick cookware; 3) Place the non-stick cookware on the gas stove and dry burn it to 250 °C to 270 °C and keep it warm for 2 min, then stop heating; and 4) Rinse the non-stick cookware with water, and then use dishwashing liquid and a dishcloth to scrub the contaminated area inside the non-stick cookware clean.

[0090] In the boiling brine test , the specific parameters are as follows:

[0091] Ingredients: 50 g of table salt, 950 g of water.

[0092] Test procedure and steps: 1) Weigh 50 g of table salt and 950 g of water to prepare 5 wt% saline solution, and pour the saline solution into the non-stick cookware; 2) Start timing after the water boils, keep it slightly boiling for 10 min, and add water according to the situation during this period to keep the concentration constant; and 3) After cooking for the specified time, clean and dry the non-stick cookware with tap water.

[0093] In the frying quartz stone (iron spatula) test The specific parameters are as follows:

[0094] Ingredients: 1 Kg of quartz stones with a particle size of 9 mm to 12 mm, oil, vinegar, cooking wine, soy sauce, and a little salt.

[0095] Test procedures and steps: 1) Pour 15 g of cooking oil into a non-stick cooking utensil, shake evenly until the entire inner surface is impregnated, heat until fumes are generated, then pour 1 Kg of quartz stones into the non-stick cooking utensil, add a small amount of vinegar, cooking wine, soy sauce, water, and salt, and stir-fry evenly for 10 min; 2) After completion, clean and dry the inner surface of the non-stick cooking utensil with dishwashing liquid; and 3) Filter the soup stock after each cycle and leave the quartz stones for use in the next cycle.

[0096] Replacement cycle of quartz stones: once a month

[0097] When conducting the accelerated simulation test, at the end of each cycle, determine the non-stick life of the non-stick cooking utensil. When the non-stick cooking utensil exhibits one of the following phenomena, the test end point can be determined: (1) Decrease in non-stickiness: The non-stick grade for frying eggs is grade III for two consecutive cycles; and (2) Appearance damage: The coating shows a fluffing phenomenon; the diameter of the coating peeling area is greater than 3 mm 2 ; Obvious wear exposes the substrate; The coating has more than 3 piercing scratches (exposing the substrate); Or there is dirt that cannot be washed off with a wet cloth.

[0098] When recording the number of accelerated simulation test cycles until the end point of the test, it is the non-stick life of the non-stick cooking utensil. The more the number of cycles, the longer the non-stick life of the non-stick coating of the non-stick cooking utensil. Generally, when the number of cycles is greater than or equal to 3 cycles, it is considered qualified.

[0099] (2) Test for persistent non-stickiness

[0100] Refer to the persistent non-stickiness test method in 5.6.9 of the national standard GB / T32388-2015 to evaluate the persistent non-stickiness of the non-stick cooking utensils prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.

[0101] The test results of the non-stick life and persistent non-stickiness of the non-stick cooking utensils prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1

[0103] Sample Non-stickiness LNE life Permanent non-stick life Comparative Example 1 Ⅰ 2 8000 Comparative Example 2 Ⅰ 1 2000 Comparative Example 3 Ⅰ 10 28000 Comparative Example 4 Ⅰ 5 14000 Comparative Example 5 Ⅰ 12 30000 Comparative Example 6 Ⅰ The bottom of the pot is deformed and cannot be tested The bottom of the pot is deformed and cannot be tested Example 1 Ⅰ 18 42000 Example 2 Ⅰ 15 36000 Example 3 Ⅰ 17 40000

[0104] Generally, when the LNE life of the non-stick coating is greater than or equal to 15, and the persistent non-stick life of the non-stick coating is greater than or equal to 35000, it can be determined that the non-stick cooking utensil has improved non-stick performance.

[0105] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the non-stick coatings of Examples 1 to 3 according to the present invention have improved non-stick life and persistent non-stick property.

[0106] Appearance photos of the non-stick coatings of the non-stick cookware prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 5 are respectively shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 . Through Figure 2 and Figure 3 , it can be known that compared with the non-stick cookware prepared in Comparative Example 5 with sanding post-treatment, the non-stick cookware prepared in Example 1 with steel bead polishing post-treatment shows a smoother non-stick coating surface.

[0107] In summary, according to the embodiments of the present invention, since the perovskite material and the ductile metal material are simultaneously sprayed onto the substrate through different spray guns by plasma spraying to form the non-stick coating of the non-stick cookware, the wear resistance, hardness, non-stick life and persistent non-stick property of the non-stick coating are improved, and effects such as stable material and long non-stick life are achieved.

[0108] The present invention rationally optimizes the process for manufacturing non-stick cookware to manufacture non-stick cookware with optimized performance. The non-stick cookware manufactured by using this process achieves multiple performances such as iron spatula resistance and persistent non-stick performance, thus greatly improving the user experience.

[0109] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes in form and details can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered only in a descriptive sense and not for the purpose of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not defined by the specific embodiments of the present invention, but by the claims, and all differences within this scope will be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a non-stick cooking utensil, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Prepare a blank of a non-stick cooking utensil; Adopt plasma spraying to simultaneously spray a perovskite non-stick material and a ductile metal material onto the blank of the non-stick cooking utensil via different spray guns to form a non-stick coating. Based on the total weight of the non-stick coating, the non-stick coating includes 50wt% to 80wt% of the perovskite non-stick material and 20wt% to 50wt% of the ductile metal material; and Perform shot peening on the non-stick coating to obtain a non-stick cooking utensil, wherein the perovskite non-stick material is represented by ABO3, A includes at least one of alkaline earth metals, and B includes at least one of transition metals, wherein the elongation at break of the ductile metal material is greater than or equal to 12%.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray guns include a first spray gun for spraying the perovskite non-stick material and a second spray gun for spraying the ductile metal material, The steps of spraying the perovskite non-stick material and the ductile metal material include: rotating the blank; and simultaneously spraying the first spray gun and the second spray gun at the same position of the blank and moving the first spray gun and the second spray gun in the radial direction from the edge of the blank to the center of the blank.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The conditions for performing the spraying of the perovskite non-stick material are different from the conditions for performing the spraying of the ductile metal material.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein Perform the spraying of the perovskite non-stick material using the first spray gun under the following conditions: the flow rate of the supplied main gas is 1500L / H to 2000L / H, the flow rate of the supplied hydrogen gas is 80L / H to 120L / H, the voltage is 40V to 60V, the current is 300A to 500A, the feeding rate of the perovskite non-stick material is 30g / min to 70g / min, the distance between the first spray gun and the blank is 80mm to 130mm, and the nozzle of the first spray gun has a cylindrical shape and a diameter of 3mm to 7mm.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Perform the spraying of the ductile metal material using the second spray gun under the following conditions: the flow rate of the supplied main gas is 2000L / H to 3000L / H, the flow rate of the supplied hydrogen gas is 30L / H to 80L / H, the voltage is 40V to 90V, the current is 450A to 550A, the feeding rate of the ductile metal material is 15g / min to 60g / min, the distance between the second spray gun and the blank is 80mm to 130mm, and the nozzle of the second spray gun has a flared shape in which the area of the bottom adjacent to the blank is larger than the area of the top away from the blank, and the diameter of the bottom of the nozzle of the second spray gun adjacent to the blank is 7mm to 9mm.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein A is Ca and B is Ti; The ductile metal material includes Fe, Al, Cu, Ni or their alloys.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein Perform shot peening on the non-stick coating using steel beads with a diameter of 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: before performing the steps of spraying the perovskite non-stick material and the ductile metal material, roughen the blank.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step of roughening the blank, use brown fused alumina with 40 to 60 meshes to perform sandblasting on the blank for roughening.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-stick coating has a thickness of 40μm to 100μm.

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