Two-phase Immersion Cooling System with Dual Condenser Units

Abstract

An immersion cooling system includes an immersion tank and one or more information technology (IT) devices located in the immersion tank. The IT devices are configured to provide IT services and are at least partially immersed in a phase-change liquid, wherein when the IT devices provide the IT services, the IT devices generate heat that is transferred to the phase-change liquid, thereby causing at least some of the phase-change liquid to transform into a vapor phase. The immersion cooling system includes a primary condenser unit and a secondary condenser unit, the primary condenser unit being located above the immersion tank, wherein one or both of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to receive cooling liquid from an external cooling unit to condense the phase-change liquid in a vapor phase back into a liquid phase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to server and data center cooling. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a two-phase immersion cooling system having a dual condenser unit. Background Art

[0002] Thermal management for a data center including a number of active electronic racks is very important for ensuring proper performance of servers and / or other information technology (IT) devices operating in the racks (e.g., performing IT services). However, in the absence of proper thermal management, the thermal environment (e.g., temperature) within the racks may exceed the thermal operating threshold, which may lead to adverse outcomes (e.g., server failures, etc.). One way to manage the thermal environment is to use cooling air to cool the IT devices. The cooling air is recycled through a cooling unit. Heat generated by the IT devices is captured by the cooling air and extracted by the cooling unit.

[0003] Recently, data centers have deployed electronic racks with higher power densities, where higher density chips are more closely packaged together to provide greater computing power and low communication overhead. Cooling these high-density racks by maintaining an appropriate thermal environment may be a problem for existing cooling systems (e.g., any system based on air cooling).

[0004] On the other hand, immersion cooling, which involves at least partially immersing electronic devices in a dielectric solution, is a viable solution for high-density electronic devices. However, implementing immersion cooling in existing data centers has challenges. Existing solutions for immersion cooling have a single condenser unit. Such a solution may not meet the high reliability and redundancy requirements of high power density computing systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One aspect of the present application provides an immersion cooling system, comprising: an immersion tank that houses one or more information technology devices at least partially immersed in a phase change liquid within the immersion tank, wherein the information technology devices are configured to provide information technology services, and wherein when the information technology devices operate, the information technology devices generate heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid, such that at least some of the phase change liquid turns into a vapor phase; a primary condenser unit located above the immersion tank and configured to receive a cooling liquid from an external cooling unit to condense the vapor-phase phase change liquid back into a liquid phase; and a secondary condenser unit coupled to the immersion tank via a vapor line and a liquid line, wherein the secondary condenser unit is configured to receive a cooling liquid from an external cooling unit to condense the vapor at the vapor line into a liquid-phase phase change liquid, wherein the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to operate in parallel, in series, or in a single condenser mode.

[0006] Another aspect of the present application provides a method comprising: receiving power consumption and temperature information from a cooling system having a primary condenser unit and a secondary condenser unit; determining a first operation mode of the cooling system based on the power consumption and temperature information, wherein the first operation mode of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit is one of parallel, serial, or single condenser mode, and wherein the first operation mode is determined using a cooling optimizer; and configuring the cooling system to operate in the first operation mode.

[0007] Another aspect of the present application provides a data center comprising: an external cooling unit; and an immersion cooling system coupled to the external cooling unit, the immersion cooling system comprising: an immersion tank housing one or more information technology devices at least partially immersed in a phase change liquid within the immersion tank, wherein the information technology devices are configured to provide information technology services, and wherein when the information technology devices operate, the information technology devices generate heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid, causing at least some of the phase change liquid to turn into a vapor phase; a primary condenser unit located above the immersion tank and configured to receive cooling liquid from the external cooling unit and condense the vapor-phase phase change liquid back into a liquid phase; and a secondary condenser unit coupled to the immersion tank via a vapor line and a liquid line, wherein the secondary condenser unit is configured to receive cooling liquid from the external cooling unit, and wherein the secondary condenser unit condenses the phase change liquid from the vapor phase into a liquid phase, and wherein the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to operate in parallel, in series, or in a single condenser mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention are shown by way of example and not limitation in the drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements.

[0009] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0010] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a control system for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0011] Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a serial operation mode of a dual condenser unit for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0012] Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a parallel operation mode of a dual condenser unit for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0013] Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a single secondary condenser operation mode of a dual condenser unit for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0014] Figure 6 It is a block diagram showing a single primary condenser operation mode of a dual condenser unit for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment.

[0015] Figure 7 It is a flowchart showing a method of operating an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment. Detailed Description

[0016] The various embodiments and aspects of the present invention will be described with reference to the details discussed below, and the accompanying drawings will illustrate the various embodiments. The following description and drawings are illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention. Many specific details are described to provide a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of the present invention. However, in some cases, well-known or conventional details are not described in order to provide a concise discussion of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Reference to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in the specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0018] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to an immersion cooling solution including a dual condenser unit, wherein the primary condenser unit is implemented at an immersion tank, and the secondary condenser unit may be located near or on top of the immersion tank. The vapor circuit and the liquid circuit of the first condenser at the immersion system may be connected to the vapor line and the liquid line of the secondary condenser unit. The vapor either condenses at the immersion system or rises to the secondary condenser unit to condense at the secondary condenser unit. An external cooling circuit may be directly connected to the first condenser and the second condenser to supply cooling liquid from an external cooling unit. Three valves may be used at the external circuit to configure the dual condenser unit to operate in different operation modes for different cooling capacities, such that the dual condenser unit may provide redundancy in design, high reliability, and may be configured for different cooling performances.

[0019] According to a first aspect, an immersion cooling system includes an immersion tank and one or more information technology (IT) devices located within the immersion tank. The IT devices are configured to provide IT services and are at least partially immersed in a phase change liquid, wherein when the IT devices provide IT services, the IT devices generate heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid, thereby causing at least some of the phase change liquid to transform into a vapor phase. The immersion cooling system includes a primary condenser unit located on top of the immersion fluid within the immersion tank and configured to receive cooling liquid from an external cooling unit to condense the phase change liquid in a vapor phase back into a liquid phase. The immersion cooling system includes a secondary condenser unit connected to the immersion tank via a steam line and a liquid line, wherein the secondary condenser unit is configured to receive cooling liquid from the external cooling unit to condense the steam at the steam line into a phase change liquid in a liquid phase, wherein the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to operate in parallel, serial, or single condenser mode, wherein the primary condenser unit is within the immersion tank.

[0020] In one embodiment, the immersion cooling system further includes a first liquid line and a second liquid line between the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit, wherein the first liquid line and the second liquid line form a liquid loop to circulate cooling liquid between the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit. In one embodiment, the immersion cooling system further includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, and a pump, wherein the first valve connects the supply line of the external cooling unit to the first liquid line and divides the first liquid line into two halves, wherein the first valve is a three-way valve; the second valve connects the divided first liquid line near the secondary condenser unit to the release line of the external cooling unit; the third valve connects the second liquid line to the release line of the external cooling unit; and the pump is located at the release line of the external cooling unit.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and is set to be closed from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to be opened, and the third valve is set to be closed to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in a series mode. In one embodiment, the first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to be closed, and the third valve is set to be opened to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in a parallel mode.

[0022] In one embodiment, the first valve is set to be closed from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and set to be open from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to be closed, and the third valve is set to be open to operate the secondary condenser unit in a single condenser mode. In one embodiment, the first valve is set to be open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and set to be closed from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to be closed, and the third valve is set to be open to operate the primary condenser unit in a single condenser mode.

[0023] In one embodiment, the immersion cooling system further includes a temperature sensor, a power sensor, and a controller. The temperature sensor is located at the supply line of the external cooling unit and configured to sense the temperature information of the liquid supplied by the external cooling unit; the power sensor is located at the immersion tank and configured to sense the power consumption information of one or more IT devices; and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the power sensor. The controller includes a cooling optimizer to determine the operation modes of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit based on the temperature and power consumption information.

[0024] According to a second aspect, the system receives a heat load and temperature information from a cooling system having a primary condenser unit and a secondary condenser unit. The system determines a first operation mode of the cooling system based on the power consumption and temperature information, wherein the first operation mode of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit is one of a parallel mode, a serial mode, or a single condenser mode, and the first operation mode is determined using a cooling optimizer. The system configures the cooling system to operate in the first operation mode.

[0025] In one embodiment, the system sets the operating states of a plurality of valves, where the plurality of valves are configured to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in one of a parallel mode, a serial mode, or a single condenser mode. In one embodiment, the temperature and power information includes time series temperature data and / or time series power data. In one embodiment, the cooling optimizer includes a machine learning neural network optimizer.

[0026] In one embodiment, when the plurality of valves operate in a parallel mode, the system sets the operating states of the plurality of valves, where the operating states of these valves manage the cooling fluid allocated to the two condensers.

[0027] In one embodiment, the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit provide cooling for the immersion cooling system. In one embodiment, in response to receiving additional power consumption information, the system determines a second operation mode of the cooling system based on the additional power consumption information, and the system configures the cooling system to operate from the first operation mode to the second operation mode.

[0028] According to a third aspect, a data center includes an external cooling unit and an immersion cooling system connected to the external cooling unit. The immersion cooling system includes an immersion tank and one or more information technology (IT) equipment located in the immersion tank. The IT equipment is configured to provide IT services and is at least partially immersed in a phase change liquid, wherein, when the IT equipment provides IT services, the IT equipment generates heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid, thereby causing at least some of the phase change liquid to transform into a vapor phase. The immersion cooling system includes a primary condenser unit located above the immersion tank and configured to receive cooling liquid from the external cooling unit to condense the phase change liquid in a vapor phase back into a liquid phase. The immersion cooling system includes a secondary condenser unit connected to the immersion tank via a steam line and a liquid line, wherein the secondary condenser unit is configured to receive cooling liquid from the external cooling unit to condense the vapor to transform into a liquid, wherein the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to operate in parallel, serial or single condenser mode.

[0029] Figure 1 1 is a block diagram illustrating an immersion cooling system 100 according to one embodiment. Specifically, the figure illustrates an immersion cooling system 100 (hereinafter referred to as the cooling system), which is configured to immerse and cool one or more information technology (IT) equipment 102. The cooling system 100 may be a cooling system that is part of a data center. In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes an immersion tank 101, a primary condenser unit 103, and a secondary condenser unit 105 for a dual condenser unit. The immersion tank 101 may contain a phase change liquid / fluid for cooling the immersion tank 101. The immersion tank 101 may include IT equipment 102 located within the immersion tank 101.

[0030] The IT device 102 may be configured to provide IT services. Specifically, the IT device 102 may include a host server (referred to as a host node) and / or one or more computing servers (referred to as computing nodes, such as a CPU server and a GPU server). The host server (having one or more CPUs) is typically connected to a client ( Figure 1(not shown in the figure) is connected to receive a request for a specific service such as a storage service (e.g., cloud-based storage service such as backup and / or recovery), and execute an application to perform certain operations (e.g., image processing, deep data learning algorithms or modeling, etc., as part of a service software or SaaS platform). In response to the request, the host server assigns tasks to one or more performance computing nodes or computing servers (with one or more GPUs) managed by the host server. In one embodiment, the IT device 102 can perform any type of computing task and / or can be any type of computing device (e.g., server, storage device, etc.). In one embodiment, the IT device 102 can be an edge computing device. Thus, while the IT device 102 provides IT services, the device generates heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid 104.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , the primary condenser unit 103 may include a condensation coil located within the immersion tank 101. The vapor within the immersion tank 101 may rise to the condensation coil of the primary condenser unit 103, and then the vapor condenses back to the liquid phase within the immersion tank 101. The immersion tank 101 may include a vapor circuit 109 and a liquid circuit 107 housed within the immersion tank 101, and the vapor circuit 109 and the liquid circuit 107 may circulate the phase change liquid between the immersion tank 101 and the primary condenser unit 103 in the vapor phase and the liquid phase.

[0032] In one embodiment, the vapor circuit 109 and the liquid circuit 107 are respectively connected and extend to a vapor pipeline 119 and a liquid pipeline 117. In one embodiment, the immersion tank 101 includes a vapor port 106 and a liquid port 108, wherein the vapor port 106 and the liquid port 108 are respectively coupled to the vapor pipeline 119 and the liquid pipeline 117 to connect the immersion tank 101 to the secondary condenser unit 105. In one embodiment, the two ports are equipped with dry quick-disconnect couplings. The dry quick-disconnect couplings are designed for quick and spill-free connection and disconnection of hoses and pipes. The vapor pipeline 119 and the liquid pipeline 117 can be connected to the secondary condenser unit 105 to direct the phase change liquid in the vapor phase to the secondary condenser unit 105, and direct the phase change liquid in the liquid phase from the secondary condenser unit 105 back to the immersion tank 101. For example, the vapor can rise via the vapor pipeline 119 to the condensation coil of the secondary condenser unit 105, where the vapor can condense into the liquid phase. The condensed liquid can then return to the immersion tank 101 via the liquid pipeline 117 by gravity.

[0033] In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes an external cooling unit 111 to supply a cooling liquid to the condenser units 103 and 105. As shown, the cooling system 100 may include a plurality of cooling liquid pipelines connected between the primary condenser unit 103, the secondary condenser unit 105, and the external cooling unit 111. In one embodiment, the cooling liquid is different from the phase change liquid. In one embodiment, the cooling liquid is water.

[0034] In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes a first liquid pipeline 113 and a second liquid pipeline 115 that form a loop to circulate the cooling liquid between the condenser units 103 and 105. In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes a supply pipeline 121 between the external cooling unit 111 and the first liquid pipeline 113, and the supply pipeline 121 bisects the first liquid pipeline 113 (e.g., divides the first liquid pipeline 113 into two parts).

[0035] In one embodiment, there may be three valves for controlling the cooling fluid distribution and operation of the primary condenser unit 103 and the secondary condenser unit 105. In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes a first (three-way) valve 131 that bisects the first liquid pipeline 113 and is connected between the supply pipeline 121 and the first liquid pipeline 113, where the supply pipeline 121 is connected to the supply port of the external cooling unit 111.

[0036] In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes a second (two-way) valve 133 connected between the return pipeline 123 and a portion of the first liquid pipeline 113 near the secondary condenser unit 105, where the return pipeline 123 is connected to the return port of the external cooling unit 111.

[0037] In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes a third (two-way) valve 135 at a pipeline 120 connected between the second liquid pipeline 115 and the return pipeline 123. In one embodiment, the cooling system 100 includes a pump 125 at the return pipeline 123 to facilitate the flow of fluid at the return pipeline 123. Note that the valves 131 to 135 may have ports that can be switched between open and closed to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in series, parallel, and in a single condenser operation mode, as further shown in Figures 3 to 6 as further shown.

[0038] Throughout the system, the redundancy and high reliability of the dual condenser units 103, 105 can be operated in different operation modes according to the needs of different power consumption loads or thermal management requirements.

[0039] Figure 21 is a block diagram illustrating a control system for an immersion cooling system 100 according to one embodiment. The control system includes a power sensor 201, a temperature sensor 203, and a controller 205. The power sensor 201 may measure power / electronic information of the IT equipment 102 within the immersion tank 101. The temperature sensor 203 may measure the temperature of the cooling liquid provided to the primary condenser unit 103 and the secondary condenser unit 105 from the external cooling unit 111. The controller 205 may control the operating states of the valves 131 to 135. In one embodiment, the controller 205 may be integrated with an immersion tank management controller that manages and controls the amount of the phase change liquid 104 contained at the immersion tank 101.

[0040] In one embodiment, the controller 205 can be a dedicated processor, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a general purpose microprocessor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal controller, or a collection of hardware logic structures (e.g., filters, arithmetic logic units, and dedicated state machines). In one embodiment, the controller 205 can be a circuit having a combination of analog elements (e.g., resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) and / or digital elements (e.g., logic-based elements such as transistors, etc.). The controller 205 may also include a memory. In one embodiment, the controller 205 can be part of (or integrated with) the immersion tank 101. In another embodiment, the controller 205 can be one of the IT devices 102 that is at least partially immersed in the phase change liquid 104.

[0041] In one embodiment, the controller 205 is communicatively coupled (e.g., wired and / or wirelessly connected) to the valves 131 to 135, the power sensor 201, and the temperature sensor 203. Specifically, the controller 205 is configured to receive power consumption and / or temperature information (as electrical signals) from the sensors 201 to 203 in real time, and control the valves 131 to 135 (e.g., by sending control signals to the control circuits (e.g., electronic switches) of the valves) so as to adjust the operating states of the valves 131 to 135 (e.g., at least partially opening the valves, opening all passages of the valves, or closing the valves). In one embodiment, the controller 205 may control the valves 131 to 135 based on the real-time power consumption and / or temperature information.

[0042] In one embodiment, the controller 205 may include a cooling optimizer that may determine the operating states of valves 131 to 135 to operate the cooling system 100 in an optimized operating strategy (e.g., optimized cooling performance, optimized power efficiency, or a combination thereof, etc.). In one embodiment, the cooling optimizer includes a machine learning model that may be trained to select an operating mode of the cooling system 100. Examples of machine learning models include support vector machines, random forests, regression models, decision trees, etc.

[0043] In one embodiment, the machine learning model is a trainable deep learning neural network model that may be trained using power consumption and / or temperature information to select an operating mode for the cooling system 100 (e.g., serial, parallel, or single condenser). Examples of deep learning neural network models include long short-term memory models, transformers, convolutional neural network models, multi-layer perceptrons, reinforcement learning models, simulation learning models, etc. Note that the power consumption and / or temperature information may include real-time or historical time series information collected from the cooling system 100 over a predetermined period of time. The cooling optimizer may be trained using past and / or real-time power consumption and / or temperature information of the cooling system 100 as well as design data.

[0044] The cooling system 100 may be configured to operate in at least four operating modes. As Figures 3 to 6 Further shown, the at least four operating modes are a serial mode, a parallel mode, a single secondary condenser mode, or a single primary condenser mode.

[0045] Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a serial operating mode of a dual condenser unit for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment. In this serial operating mode, valve 135 is closed, valve 133 is open, and valve 131 is set to open from port #2 to port #0 and closed from port #2 to port #1. An open valve / port allows liquid to flow through the valve / port. A closed valve / port prevents liquid from flowing through the valve / port. In this serial operating mode, the cooling fluid is delivered from the external cooling unit 111 to the primary condenser unit 103 and then to the secondary condenser unit 105.

[0046] Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a parallel operating mode of a dual condenser unit for an immersion cooling system according to one embodiment. In this parallel operating mode, valve 135 is open and valve 133 is closed. Ports #2 to #0 and ports #2 to #1 of valve 131 are open. In this parallel operating mode, the cooling liquid is distributed in parallel from the external cooling unit 111 to both the primary condenser unit 103 and the secondary condenser unit 105.

[0047] Figure 5It is a block diagram showing the operation mode of a single secondary condenser for an immersion cooling system according to an embodiment. In this single secondary condenser mode, valve 135 is open and valve 133 is closed. The port #2 to port #1 of valve 131 is open and the port #2 to port #0 is closed. In this single secondary condenser mode, the cooling liquid is distributed from the external cooling unit 111 to only the secondary condenser unit 105, and only the secondary condenser unit 105 is used to cool the immersion tank 101.

[0048] Figure 6 It is a block diagram showing the operation mode of a single primary condenser for an immersion cooling system's dual condenser unit according to an embodiment. In this single primary condenser mode, valve 135 is open and valve 133 is closed. The port #2 to port #0 of valve 131 is open, and the port #2 to port #1 is closed. In this single primary condenser mode, the cooling liquid is distributed from the external cooling unit 111 to only the primary condenser unit 103, and only the primary condenser unit 103 is used to cool the immersion tank 101.

[0049] Figure 7 It is a flowchart showing a method for operating an immersion cooling system according to an embodiment. Process 700 can be executed by processing logic that can include software, hardware, or a combination thereof. For example, process 700 can be executed by Figure 2 the controller 205 of to control the cooling system 100.

[0050] In block 701, the processing logic receives power consumption and temperature information from the cooling system 100 having a primary condenser unit 103 and a secondary condenser unit 105.

[0051] The primary condenser unit 103 can be housed within the immersion tank 101 of the cooling system 100. The secondary condenser unit 105 can be located on top of the immersion tank and can be connected to the immersion tank 101 via a vapor line and a liquid line to circulate the phase change liquid to the secondary condenser unit 105.

[0052] The processing logic can retrieve the power consumption information from the power sensor 201, which measures the power / electricity and the computing load information of the IT device 102 in the immersion tank 101, where the power / electricity and computing load information can be converted into a heat load output at the immersion tank 101. The processing logic can retrieve the temperature information from the temperature sensor 203, which measures the temperature of the cooling liquid at the supply line 121 connected to the external cooling unit 111.

[0053] In block 703, the processing logic uses a cooling optimizer to determine the first operation mode of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit.

[0054] At block 705, the first operating mode is one of four operating modes (two condensers in series, two condensers in parallel, single secondary condenser mode, or single primary condenser mode).

[0055] For example, the processing logic may include an optimizer algorithm that is trained to select the first operating mode for the cooling system 100, where the first operating mode is one of four operating modes (two condensers in series, two condensers in parallel, single secondary condenser mode, or single primary condenser mode).

[0056] At block 707, the cooling optimizer is a machine learning model or a deep learning neural network model. For example, the optimizer algorithm may include a trainable machine learning model or a deep learning neural network model.

[0057] At block 709, the processing logic configures the cooling system to operate in the first operating mode. For example, the processing logic sets the operating states of valves 131 to 135 corresponding to the first operating mode to operate the cooling system 100 in the first operating mode.

[0058] In one embodiment, while receiving real-time power consumption / temperature information, the processing logic uses the cooling optimizer to determine a second operating mode that should be selected for the cooling system based on the real-time power consumption / temperature information, and the processing logic configures the cooling system to operate from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0059] In the foregoing specification, embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments of the invention. Obviously, various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. An immersion cooling system comprising: an immersion tank containing one or more information technology devices at least partially immersed in a phase change liquid within the immersion tank, wherein the information technology devices are configured to provide information technology services, wherein when the information technology devices operate, the information technology devices generate heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid, thereby causing at least some of the phase change liquid to transform into a vapor phase; a primary condenser unit located above the immersion tank and configured to receive cooling liquid from an external cooling unit to condense the phase-changed liquid in a vapor phase back into a liquid phase; a secondary condenser unit coupled to the immersion tank via a steam line and a liquid line, wherein the secondary condenser unit is configured to receive cooling liquid from the external cooling unit to condense steam at the steam line into a phase-changing liquid in a liquid phase, wherein the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to operate in parallel, in series, and in a switchable manner in a single condenser mode; a first liquid pipeline; and a second liquid line between the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit, wherein the first liquid line and the second liquid line form a liquid loop to circulate cooling liquid between the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit; a first valve connecting the supply line of the external cooling unit to the first liquid line and dividing the first liquid line into two equal parts, wherein the first valve is a three-way valve; a second valve coupling the equally divided first liquid line proximate the secondary condenser unit to a release line of the external cooling unit; A third valve couples the second liquid line to a release line of the external cooling unit.

2. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, wherein, Also includes: A pump at the discharge line of the external cooling unit.

3. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, wherein, The first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and to close from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to open, and the third valve is set to closed to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in a series mode.

4. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, wherein The first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to close, and the third valve is set to open to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in a parallel mode.

5. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, wherein, The first valve is set to be closed from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and to be opened from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to be closed, and the third valve is set to be opened to operate the secondary condenser unit in a single condenser mode.

6. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, wherein, The first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and to close from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to close, and the third valve is set to open to operate the primary condenser unit in a single condenser mode.

7. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, further comprising: A temperature sensor located at the supply pipeline of the external cooling unit and configured to sense the temperature information of the liquid supplied by the external cooling unit; A power sensor at the immersion tank, configured to sense the power consumption information of the one or more information technology devices; And A controller electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the power sensor, the controller including a cooling optimizer to determine the operating modes of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit based on the temperature information and the power consumption information.

8. An immersion cooling method for the immersion cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Receiving power consumption and temperature information from a cooling system having a primary condenser unit and a secondary condenser unit; Determining a first operating mode of the cooling system based on the power consumption and temperature information, wherein the first operating mode of the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit is one of parallel, serial, or single condenser mode, and wherein the first operating mode is determined using a cooling optimizer; and Configuring the cooling system to operate in the first operating mode; In response to receiving additional power consumption information, determining a second operating mode of the cooling system based on the additional power consumption information; and Configuring the cooling system to operate from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

9. The immersion cooling method according to claim 8, wherein, Configuring the cooling system to operate in the first operating mode further includes setting the operating states of a plurality of valves configured to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in one of parallel, serial, or single condenser mode.

10. The immersion cooling method according to claim 8, wherein, The temperature and power consumption information includes time series temperature data and / or time series power data.

11. The immersion cooling method according to claim 8, wherein, The cooling optimizer includes a machine learning neural network optimizer.

12. The immersion cooling method according to claim 8, wherein, The primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit provide cooling for the immersion cooling system.

13. A data center, comprising: An external cooling unit; And An immersion cooling system connected to the external cooling unit, the immersion cooling system including: An immersion tank containing one or more information technology devices at least partially immersed in a phase change liquid within the immersion tank, wherein the information technology devices are configured to provide information technology services, and wherein when the information technology devices operate, The information technology devices generate heat that is transferred to the phase change liquid, causing at least some of the phase change liquid to turn into a vapor phase; A primary condenser unit located above the immersion tank and configured to receive a cooling liquid from the external cooling unit and condense the vapor phase of the phase change liquid back into a liquid phase; and A secondary condenser unit, connected to the immersion tank via a steam line and a liquid line, wherein the secondary condenser unit is configured to receive a cooling liquid from the external cooling unit, wherein the secondary condenser unit condenses a phase-change liquid from a vapor phase to a liquid phase, and wherein the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit are configured to switch operations in parallel, in series, and in a single condenser mode; A first liquid line; and A second liquid line, between the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit, wherein the first liquid line and the second liquid line form a liquid circuit to circulate the cooling liquid between the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit; A first valve, connecting the supply line of the external cooling unit to the first liquid line and dividing the first liquid line equally, wherein the first valve is a three-way valve; A second valve, connecting the equally divided first liquid line near the secondary condenser unit to the release line of the external cooling unit; A third valve, connecting the second liquid line to the release line of the external cooling unit.

14. The data center according to claim 13, wherein, The immersion cooling system further includes: A pump, at the release line of the external cooling unit.

15. The data center according to claim 13, wherein, The first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and set to close from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to open, and the third valve is set to close to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in series mode.

16. The data center according to claim 13, wherein, The first valve is set to open from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to close, and the third valve is set to open to operate the primary condenser unit and the secondary condenser unit in parallel mode.

17. The data center according to claim 13, wherein, The first valve is set to close from the external cooling unit to the primary condenser unit and set to open from the external cooling unit to the secondary condenser unit, the second valve is set to close, and the third valve is set to open to operate the secondary condenser unit in single condenser mode.

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