A tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing

Abstract

The present invention provides a tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing, which comprises an upper seat plate, a middle seat plate and a lower seat plate arranged in sequence. A spherical friction pair is arranged between the middle seat plate and the upper seat plate and between the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate. The upper seat plate is made of a plate or a cast steel type steel. An electromagnet structure is arranged on the periphery of the middle seat plate. By energizing the coil to form a magnetic field, the middle seat plate has magnetism and generates a downward magnetic suction force on the upper seat plate. During the sliding process of the upper seat plate, in addition to having the seismic isolation function, it also has a tensile function; the structure is simple and convenient for production and processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bridge and building construction, and relates to a tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing. Background Art

[0002] China is a country with frequent earthquake disasters. In recent decades, earthquake disasters have caused devastating disasters in some regions of China. In the field of engineering construction such as bridges and buildings, the seismic resistance problem has received increasing attention. In September 2021, the state issued the "Regulations on the Administration of Seismic Resistance of Construction Projects", which clarified the importance of engineering seismic resistance in the form of legislation. At present, the most commonly used seismic resistance means in bridge and building structures is to increase the seismic isolation and damping device. The seismic isolation and damping device can play the role of seismic isolation and damping, and can reduce the response of the structure under earthquake action. At present, the most commonly used seismic isolation and damping devices mainly include lead-rubber bearings, high-damping rubber bearings, E-shaped steel damping bearings, C-shaped steel damping bearings, tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearings, and various energy-dissipating components.

[0003] For most construction projects, the above-mentioned seismic isolation and damping devices can meet the seismic requirements. However, for construction projects located in fault zones with vertical earthquake action or high-rise building structures, vertical tensile forces will be generated under earthquake action. The damping device must have a tensile function, and the above-mentioned seismic isolation and damping devices have weak tensile capacity or do not have a tensile function. The existing damping devices with tensile function have a complex structure, poor practicability, and the disadvantage of poor adaptability in all directions, and it is difficult to meet the actual engineering needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is the deficiencies such as the complex structure and poor practicability of the damping device with tensile performance in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing, which includes an upper seat plate, a middle seat plate, and a lower seat plate arranged in sequence. A spherical friction pair is arranged between the middle seat plate and the upper seat plate and between the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate. The upper seat plate is a plate or a cast steel material, and an electromagnet structure is arranged on the periphery of the middle seat plate. By energizing the coil to form a magnetic field, the middle seat plate has magnetism and generates a downward magnetic attraction force on the upper seat plate. During the sliding process of the upper seat plate, in addition to having the function of seismic isolation and damping, it also has a tensile function; the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0006] Preferably, the material of the middle seat plate is steel, and a coil is wound around its periphery. The coil is electrically connected to a power supply to form an electromagnet structure. This setting generates a magnetic attraction force between the middle seat plate and the upper seat plate through electromagnetic induction, so that the damping device has a tensile performance, and the structure is simple and easy to achieve.

[0007] Preferably, the tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing further includes an induction switch, which is arranged between the coil and the power supply. This setting makes the coil usually not charged. When an earthquake comes, the earthquake can induce the induction switch to close to energize the coil and make the entire middle seat plate into an electromagnet structure.

[0008] Preferably, the tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing further includes a warning device, which is located between the coil and the induction switch. This setting can be used for the phenomenon that the induction switch closes incorrectly when there is no earthquake. The warning device emits a warning to remind the operator to turn on the switch and cut off the power in time to prevent the coil from being charged all the time.

[0009] Preferably, the warning device includes a vibration sensor, a current sensor, a central processor, an instrument display, an induction receiver and an alarm. The vibration sensor and the current sensor are respectively connected to the central processor. The central processor is respectively connected to the instrument display and the induction receiver. The induction receiver is connected to the alarm. This setting has a simple structure and is convenient for production and processing. Preferably, the alarm is a sound alarm and / or a light alarm.

[0010] Preferably, the coil includes a bracket, an induction coil and a fixing part. The bracket is sleeved outside the middle seat plate. The induction coil is spirally wound from the inside to the outside along the radial direction with the bracket as a support by electromagnetic wire. The fixing part is wrapped outside the radial side of the induction coil for fixing the induction coil. This setting can effectively attenuate the endogenous vibration and exogenous vibration during the operation of the coil and increase the service life of the coil.

[0011] Preferably, there is a gap between the bracket and the middle seat plate, and the upper end of the coil is connected to the upper seat plate through an elastic body or a soft rope. This setting can make the coil always in a vertical state during the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate and / or the middle seat plate, so that the magnetic poles generating the magnetic field are always in the vertical direction, and then apply a vertically downward magnetic attraction force to the upper seat plate, rather than forming a resistance or causing interference to the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate or the lower seat plate, ensuring the good performance of the tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing.

[0012] Preferably, there are three soft ropes and they are arranged equidistantly on the periphery of the coil. This setting has a simple structure, is easy to implement and has strong stability.

[0013] Preferably, the upper seat plate, the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate are axially symmetrically arranged from top to bottom. The lower part of the upper seat plate is provided with a concave spherical surface, the upper part of the lower seat plate is provided with a concave spherical surface, and the upper and lower ends of the middle seat plate are respectively provided with convex spherical surfaces for sliding cooperation with the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate. Through the spherical friction pair, it can adapt to the rotation of the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate, slide along the double spherical surface, adapt to the displacement of the upper structure, and provide a certain stiffness and damping to play a role in shock absorption and isolation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing with a magnet structure of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) Using the friction pendulum principle for seismic isolation, and then adding a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic structure to the bearing. Through the magnetic attraction force between the seat plates, the bearing always has a certain tensile capacity during the sliding process; 2) The structure is simple and the force transmission is reliable, which can effectively solve many defects of the existing bearings and meet the construction requirements of seismic bridges and buildings with tensile requirements. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 The Figure 1 structural schematic diagram of the tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the coil described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0018] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0019] 1 - upper seat plate; 2 - spherical friction pair; 3 - middle seat plate; 4 - lower seat plate; 5 - coil; 51 - bracket; 52 - induction coil; 521 - first - layer coil; 522 - second - layer coil; 53 - fixing part; 54 - insulating plate; 6 - induction switch; 7 - power supply; 8 - warning device. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0020] In order to make the above - mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above - mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0022] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] As Figure 1 shown, a tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing includes an upper seat plate 1, a spherical friction pair 2, a middle seat plate 3, and a lower seat plate 4. The spherical friction pair 2 includes an upper spherical friction pair and a lower spherical friction pair. The upper seat plate 1, the middle seat plate 3, and the lower seat plate 4 are axially symmetrically arranged from top to bottom. The bottom surface of the upper seat plate 1 is spherical, and the top surface of the middle seat plate 3 is a spherical surface that matches the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 1. An upper spherical friction pair is provided between the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 1 and the top surface of the middle seat plate 3. The bottom surface of the middle seat plate 3 is spherical, and the top surface of the lower seat plate 4 is a spherical surface that matches the lower surface of the middle seat plate 3. A lower spherical friction pair is provided between the bottom surface of the middle seat plate 3 and the top surface of the lower seat plate 4. As an example of the present invention, the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 4 are made of plate materials or cast steel, the middle seat plate 3 is made of a permanent magnet material such as neodymium iron boron or ferrite, and the spherical friction pair 2 is a metal friction pair.

[0025] The spherical friction pair 2 can adapt to the rotation of the upper structure. The tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing can slide along the double spherical surface, adapt to the displacement of the upper structure, and provide a certain stiffness and damping, playing a role in shock absorption and vibration isolation. Since the middle seat plate 3 is a permanent magnet structure, there is a magnetic attraction force between the middle seat plate 3 and the upper seat plate 1 and / or the lower seat plate 4. During the sliding process, in addition to having the shock absorption and vibration isolation functions, it always has a tensile function. Since the spherical friction pair 2 is a spherical structure, the tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing can slide in any direction, can adapt to the displacement in all directions of the upper structure, and at the same time has shock absorption and vibration isolation and tensile functions during sliding in all directions.

[0026] By introducing a permanent magnet structure into the tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing, it not only has shock absorption and vibration isolation functions during the sliding process, but also always has a tensile function; the seat plates of the bearing are connected by magnetic attraction force, and the force transmission is reliable and stable; the spherical friction pair 2 can meet the sliding requirements in all directions, and there is no directional requirement for displacement adaptation; the structure is compact and the cost is low.

[0027] Embodiment 2

[0028] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, a tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing is composed of an upper seat plate 1, a spherical friction pair 2, a middle seat plate 3, a lower seat plate 4, a coil 5, an induction switch 6, a power supply 7, and a warning device 8 components.

[0029] The upper seat plate 1 is made of a plate or cast steel. There is a concave spherical surface on the side close to the middle seat plate 3. The middle seat plate 3 is made of steel, and convex spherical surfaces are provided at both the upper and lower ends respectively. A spherical friction pair 2 is arranged between the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface. Similarly, the lower seat plate 4 is made of a plate or cast steel, and there is a concave spherical surface on the side close to the middle seat plate 3. A spherical friction pair 2 is arranged between the concave spherical surface and the middle seat plate 3. A coil 5 is wound around the periphery of the middle seat plate 3, and the coil 5 is connected to the power supply 7 through a circuit. The power supply 7 can be the national power grid or an energy storage and discharge device.

[0030] The coil 5 is generally in a cylindrical shape, which can supply more magnetic flux to the middle seat plate 3, thereby improving the magnetic suction force between the middle seat plate 3 and the upper seat plate 1 or the lower seat plate 4. As an example of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the coil 5 includes a bracket 51, an induction coil 52, and a fixing part 53. The bracket 51 is sleeved on the outside of the middle seat plate 3. The induction coil 52 is spirally wound from the inside to the outside along the radial direction with the bracket 51 as a support by electromagnetic wire. The bracket 51 can define the inner diameter of the induction coil 52. The fixing part 53 is wrapped around the radial outside of the induction coil 52, and the inner diameter of the fixing part 53 matches the outer diameter of the induction coil 52 for fixing the induction coil 52.

[0031] Preferably, the bracket 51 is made of a ceramic material. Compared with a metal material, the ceramic material will not affect the electromagnetic characteristics of the coil 5 and has high electrical insulation. Optionally, the bracket 51 is made of aluminum nitride or α-type alumina ceramic.

[0032] Preferably, there is a gap between the bracket 51 and the middle seat plate 3. The upper end of the coil 5 is connected to the upper seat plate 1 through an elastomer or a soft rope. This setting can make the coil 5 always in a vertical state during the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate 1 and / or the middle seat plate 3, so that the magnetic poles generating the magnetic field are always in the vertical direction, and then a vertically downward magnetic suction force is applied to the upper seat plate 1, without forming a resistance or causing interference to the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate 1 or the lower seat plate 4, ensuring good performance of the tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing. Preferably, the coil 5 is connected to the upper seat plate 1 through three soft ropes distributed in a radial shape, and the three soft ropes are arranged at equal intervals on the periphery of the coil 5. This setting has a simple structure and strong stability.

[0033] The induction coil 52 is a double-layer structure distributed along the axial direction of the middle seat plate 3, including a first-layer coil 521 and a second-layer coil 522. The first-layer coil 521 is formed by a group of electromagnetic wires spirally wound clockwise from the inside to the outside in the radial direction, and the second-layer coil 522 is formed by another group of electromagnetic wires spirally wound counterclockwise from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. This setting enables the ends of the two groups of electromagnetic wires of the induction coil 52 located on the radially inner side to be connected, and the two lead-out ends of the induction coil 52 located on the radially outer side are respectively used as wire outlet ends for connecting the power supply 7, which is convenient for wiring.

[0034] The material of the coil 5 only needs to allow the current to flow. Preferably, the coil 5 is formed by spirally winding electromagnetic wires. The electromagnetic wires are composed of a conductor, an insulating layer, and a protective layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The conductor is made of copper alloy or silver alloy and is used to carry the working current. The insulating layer is coated on the outer surface of the conductor to insulate between the turns and between the layers of the coil 5 formed by winding the electromagnetic wires. The protective layer is coated on the outer surface of the insulating layer and is used to mechanically protect the insulating layer.

[0035] The insulating layer is formed by spirally winding mica tape along the length direction of the conductor on the outer surface of the conductor. The protective layer is formed by twisting ceramic fibers into strands with an appropriate twist and then using a knitting machine to weave them on the outer surface of the insulating layer to form a dense and elastic protective sleeve. This can not only further improve the insulation ability of the coil 5 and protect the insulating layer of the coil 5 from damage and peeling off at high temperatures or when subjected to vibrations, but also play a mechanical protection role, and effectively resist exogenous vibrations to increase the service life of the coil 5. Preferably, a nickel plating layer is also provided on the surface of the conductor, and the insulating layer is wrapped on the nickel plating layer. The nickel plating layer can be formed by physical or chemical methods, which can slow down the diffusion of copper ions or silver ions in the conductor into the insulating layer to a certain extent and extend the service life of the electromagnetic wires. Preferably, the fixing part 53 is provided with a wire passing hole for the wire outlet end to pass through. The fixing part 53 can be an integrally formed injection molded part.

[0036] The coil 5 further includes an insulating plate 54 arranged in a ring shape. The inner diameter of the insulating plate 54 matches the outer diameter of the bracket 51. The insulating plate 54 can be sleeved on the radially outer side of the bracket 51 and fit on both sides of the induction coil 52 axially to insulate and protect the induction coil 52, and increase the insulation effect between the turns of the induction coil 52 and the insulation effect between the induction coil 52 and the external structure. Among them, the inner diameter of the ring-shaped insulating plate 54 matches the outer diameter of the bracket 51, so that the insulating plate 54 can be sleeved outside the bracket 51, and the bracket 51 can play a role in radially positioning the insulating plate 54. At the same time, the two insulating plates 54 are respectively in contact with both sides of the induction coil 52 and the fixing part 53, so as to axially position the insulating plate 54 and prevent the insulating plate 54 from shifting.

[0037] Preferably, an induction switch 6 is further provided on the circuit. The coil 5 is usually not energized. When an earthquake occurs, the earthquake can induce the induction switch 6 to close, and the coil 5 is energized through the power supply 7. By using electromagnetic induction, the entire middle seat plate 3 becomes an electromagnet structure, so as to generate a vertical magnetic suction force between the upper seat plate 1 and / or the lower seat plate 4. A warning device 8 is further provided on the circuit, and the warning device 8 is located between the coil 5 and the induction switch 6. The warning device 8 can play a warning role. Assuming that an earthquake does not occur but the induction switch 6 accidentally closes, the warning device 8 can issue a warning to remind the operator to promptly turn on the induction switch 6 and cut off the power supply 7 to prevent the coil 5 from being energized all the time. As an example of the present invention, the warning device 8 includes a vibration sensor, a current sensor, a central processor, an instrument display, an induction receiver and an alarm. The vibration sensor and the current sensor are respectively connected to the central processor, the central processor is connected to the instrument display, the central processor is connected to the induction receiver, and the induction receiver is connected to the alarm. This setting has a simple structure and is convenient for production and processing. The specific structures of the vibration sensor, the current sensor, the central processor, the instrument display and the induction receiver are prior art and will not be elaborated here. The alarm is a sound alarm and / or a light alarm.

[0038] Preferably, the spherical friction pair 2 is a metal friction pair and is arranged between the concave spherical surface of the upper seat plate 1, the concave spherical surface of the lower seat plate 4 and the convex spherical surface of the middle seat plate 3. By providing the spherical friction pair 2, the rotation of the upper support 1 can be adapted. The tensile hyperbolic isolation and vibration reduction bearing can slide along the double spherical surface, adapt to the displacement of the upper support 1, and provide a certain stiffness and damping to play a role in shock absorption and vibration isolation. When an earthquake occurs, the induction switch 6 closes, and the middle seat plate 3 becomes an electromagnet structure. The upper seat plate 1, the middle seat plate 3 and the lower seat plate 4 are connected together by magnetic suction force. During the sliding process of the entire isolation and vibration reduction bearing, in addition to having the functions of isolation and vibration reduction, it also has a tensile function. Due to the existence of the spherical friction pair 2, it can slide in any direction, adapt to the displacement in all directions of the upper support 1, and at the same time has the functions of isolation and vibration reduction and tensile in all-direction sliding.

[0039] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing, comprising an upper seat plate (1), a middle seat plate (3), and a lower seat plate (4) arranged in sequence. Spherical friction pairs (2) are respectively arranged between the middle seat plate (3) and the upper seat plate (1) and between the middle seat plate (3) and the lower seat plate (4). It is characterized in that, The upper seat plate (1) is made of a plate material or cast steel, and an electromagnet structure is arranged on the periphery of the middle seat plate (3); the middle seat plate (3) is made of steel, and a coil (5) is wound around its periphery. The two ends of the coil (5) are electrically connected to a power supply (7) to form an electromagnet structure; The coil (5) includes a bracket (51), an induction coil (52) and a fixing part (53). The bracket (51) is sleeved on the outside of the middle seat plate (3). The induction coil (52) is spirally wound from the inside to the outside in the radial direction with the bracket (51) as a support by an electromagnetic wire. The fixing part (53) is wrapped around the radial outside of the induction coil (52) for fixing the induction coil (52); there is a gap between the bracket (51) and the middle seat plate (3). The upper end of the coil (5) is connected to the upper seat plate (1) by a soft rope, and there are three soft ropes which are arranged at equal intervals on the periphery of the coil (5); The coil (5) further includes an insulating plate (54) arranged in a ring shape. The inner diameter of the insulating plate (54) matches the outer diameter of the bracket (51). The insulating plate (54) is sleeved on the radial outside of the bracket (51) and fits on both sides of the induction coil (52) axially; the induction coil (52) is a double-layer structure distributed along the axis of the middle seat plate (3), including a first-layer coil (521) and a second-layer coil (522). The first-layer coil (521) is spirally wound from the inside to the outside in the radial direction by a group of electromagnetic wires in the clockwise direction, and the second-layer coil (522) is spirally wound from the inside to the outside in the radial direction by another group of electromagnetic wires in the counterclockwise direction.

2. The tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing according to claim 1, wherein The tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing further includes an induction switch (6), and the induction switch (6) is arranged between the coil (5) and the power supply (7).

3. The tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tensile hyperbolic isolation bearing further includes a warning device (8), and the warning device (8) is located between the coil (5) and the induction switch (6).

4. The tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The warning device (8) includes a vibration sensor, a current sensor, a central processor, an instrument display, an induction receiver and an alarm. The vibration sensor and the current sensor are respectively connected to the central processor. The central processor is respectively connected to the instrument display and the induction receiver. The induction receiver is connected to the alarm.

5. The tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing according to claim 4, wherein The alarm is a sound alarm and / or a light alarm.

6. The tensile hyperbolic seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper seat plate (1), the middle seat plate (3) and the lower seat plate (4) are axially symmetrically arranged from top to bottom. A concave spherical surface is arranged at the lower part of the upper seat plate (1), and a concave spherical surface is arranged at the upper part of the lower seat plate (4). Convex spherical surfaces are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the middle seat plate (3) respectively for sliding cooperation with the upper seat plate (1) and the lower seat plate (4).

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