A kind of tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece and identification method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of identifying test pieces, and discloses a kind of tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece and identification method, wherein the tube plate is provided with tube hole, the tube is matched with tube hole and passes through tube hole, and the weld is arranged at the connecting part of tube and the surface tube hole of tube plate around the tube;The weld includes weld toe, weld leg, weld height and root, the weld is provided with short defect and long defect, and the short defect is shorter than the length of the long defect;Wherein, a perpendicular X-axis and Y-axis are arranged on the right cross section of the tube, the intersection of the X-axis and the Y-axis is the origin, the origin coincides with the axis of the tube, the short defect is arranged at the weld height and located on the X-axis, and the long defect is arranged at the weld leg and the weld toe and located on the Y-axis.After the detection equipment is penetrated on the sensitivity identification piece, the size of the defect on the negative film can verify the sensitivity, the long defect can determine the imaging range of the entire weld, determine the position of the defect on the weld and determine the position of the root defect, including whether the adopted process is appropriate from the negative film.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of identifying test pieces, and particularly relates to a tube-to-tube sheet fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece and an identification method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the tube-to-tube sheet weld is an important component of the primary loop pressure boundary of a nuclear power steam generator, and bears the important functions of energy exchange between the primary loop and the secondary loop and guaranteeing the integrity of the primary loop pressure boundary, and the reliability thereof directly affects the technical performance and safety of the nuclear power device, and is the weakest area of the entire device. The common failure mode of the tube-to-tube sheet weld in the running process is leakage, and therefore the compactness requirement thereof is very high, and no unqualified defects are allowed to exist in the weld. The tube-to-tube sheet fillet weld mainly functions to prevent the contact between different media (liquid sodium and water) on both sides of the weld, and avoid explosion accidents.

[0003] The fillet weld at an important position needs to be subjected to 100% radiographic inspection, the blackness of the effective evaluation area of the film should meet 1.8-4.5, and no defect greater than 0.5 mm (sensitivity) is allowed to exist. The welding defects of the tube-to-tube sheet fillet weld are mainly concentrated in the heat-affected zone, the weld and the root of the fillet weld, and under the high-temperature and high-pressure running environment, the defects will seriously affect the performance of the fillet weld, and especially the root defects of the fillet weld, the main defect properties of which are root cracks, root incomplete penetration and root misrun and the like hazardous defects.

[0004] At present, in order to meet the sensitivity acceptance requirement, the existing radiographic inspection process is that a rod anode X-ray machine head is inserted into the tube for a certain distance to form a film by rear transmission, but the imaging range of the weld on the film, the sensitivity and whether the adopted process is appropriate cannot be determined, and the tube-to-tube sheet fillet weld cannot be guaranteed to be inspected in the whole area, and there is a possibility of missing inspection.

[0005] The existing technology has no positioning basis for the internal defects of the weld. If the position of the welding defect in the weld cannot be determined, the entire weld section needs to be removed for defect repair, and the difficulty of repair is relatively large; if the position of the root defect of the weld in the weld cannot be determined, no basis can be provided for defect property evaluation.

[0006] Therefore, a new technology is needed to solve the problems of unclear imaging range of the weld in the existing technology, inability to determine the sensitivity and inability to determine the position of the defect. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the above problems in the existing technology, the present application provides a tube-to-tube sheet fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece and an identification method.

[0008] The present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A kind of tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece, including tube, tube plate and weld;The tube plate is equipped with tube hole, the tube is matched with tube hole and passes through tube hole, the weld is arranged at the junction of tube and the surface tube hole of tube plate around tube;The weld includes weld toe, weld leg, weld height and root, the weld is equipped with short defect and long defect, the short defect is shorter than the length of the long defect;

[0010] In the right cross section of the tube, X-axis and Y-axis perpendicular to each other are provided, the intersection of the X-axis and the Y-axis is the origin, the origin coincides with the axis of the tube, the short defect is arranged at the weld height and located on the X-axis, and the long defect is arranged at the weld leg and the weld toe and located on the Y-axis.

[0011] Further, the short defect is provided with two, and the long defect is provided with two.

[0012] Further, the two short defects are short holes, one of the short holes has a hole diameter and a length of 0.3 mm, and the other short hole has a hole diameter and a length of 0.5 mm.

[0013] Further, the long defect is a long hole, and the two long holes have a hole diameter of 0.3 mm.

[0014] Further, the two short holes are located on the positive and negative axes of the X-axis respectively, and the centers of the two short holes are symmetrical along the axis of the tube and arranged at the weld height, and the axis of the short hole is perpendicular to the weld height inclined surface.

[0015] Further, the two long holes are located on the positive and negative axes of the Y-axis respectively, and one of the long holes is arranged at the weld toe, and the axial direction of the long hole is from the surface of the tube plate to the outer surface of the tube;The other long hole is arranged at the weld leg, and the axial direction of the long hole is from the outer surface of the tube to the surface of the tube plate.

[0016] A tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification method, using the tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece of the application, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, determine the predetermined distance of the detection equipment head into the identification piece tube, after the detection equipment head into the identification piece tube for a predetermined distance, radiograph, and select the experimental parameters of the detection equipment, start the detection equipment to radiograph, and then radiograph multiple times, the predetermined distance and the experimental parameter setting are different each time;After radiographing, the film is treated, and then the film is selected as the sensitivity identification film, and the best predetermined distance and experimental parameters of the detection equipment head radiographing are determined.

[0018] S2, determine the sensitivity of the sensitivity identification film, and draw the imaging range of the weld on the sensitivity identification film.

[0019] S3, after the detection equipment head is stretched into the optimal predetermined distance of the pipe of the measured member and the optimal experimental parameters are set, the radiography is performed, the film processing is performed after the radiography, and the detection negative is stored;

[0020] S4, the detection negative is evaluated, compared with the sensitivity evaluation negative, analyzed, and the test result is obtained;

[0021] S5, according to the evaluation result of the detection negative, the defects exceeding the required sensitivity of the weld of the measured member are reworked and repaired.

[0022] Further, the S1 step includes the following steps:

[0023] S11, a predetermined distance of the rod anode equipment head is stretched into the pipe of the evaluation member, after the rod anode X-ray head is stretched into the pipe of the evaluation member for a predetermined distance, different pipe voltages, pipe currents and exposure times are selected, the rod anode equipment is started, the X-ray source at the head emits X-rays, the X-ray radiography is performed on the evaluation member, and then the radiography is performed multiple times, and the predetermined distance, the pipe voltage, the pipe current and the exposure time are different each time;

[0024] S12, after the radiography is completed, the negative is taken out, the darkroom processing is performed on the negative, the evaluation member negative with the most appropriate blackness, the most clear image and the most clear image is selected as the sensitivity evaluation negative, and the optimal predetermined distance, the pipe voltage, the pipe current and the exposure time parameters of the rod anode equipment head radiography are determined.

[0025] Further, the S2 step includes the following steps:

[0026] S21, the sensitivity evaluation negative is observed under a special film viewing lamp;

[0027] S22, the imaging size of the defect of the evaluation member is determined, and the sensitivity of the evaluation member is obtained;

[0028] S23, the imaging range of the weld is drawn from the imaging of the long defect;

[0029] S24, the position of the defect on the weld or the position of the root defect is determined from the imaging of the long defect.

[0030] Further, the S3 step includes the following steps:

[0031] S31, after the rod anode equipment head is stretched into the optimal predetermined distance of the pipe of the measured member, the optimal pipe voltage, the optimal pipe current and the optimal exposure time are selected, and the X-ray radiography is performed on the measured member;

[0032] S32, after the radiography is completed, the negative is taken out, the darkroom processing is performed on the negative, and the detection negative of the measured member is obtained.

[0033] Further, the S4 step includes the following steps:

[0034] S41, evaluate the defect condition on the detection negative of the test piece, and whether the welding process is appropriate;

[0035] S42, compare the detection negative of the test piece with the imaging range of the sensitivity identification negative, determine the actual position of the defect of the test piece in the weld, and facilitate the welding repair.

[0036] In some embodiments,

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are that the weld is provided with a short defect and a long defect, the short defect is shorter than the long defect in length; the X-axis and the Y-axis perpendicular to each other are arranged on the normal cross section of the pipe, the intersection of the X-axis and the Y-axis is the origin, the origin coincides with the axis of the pipe, the short defect is arranged at the weld height and located on the X-axis, and the long defect is arranged at the weld leg and the weld toe and located on the Y-axis. After the detection equipment is stretched into the pipe by the best predetermined distance, the negative of the weld imaging can be obtained, and the imaging size of the short defect and the long defect can be clearly seen. Through the size of the defect, the sensitivity can be verified, through the long defect, the imaging range of the entire weld can be determined, the position of the defect on the weld can be determined, and the position of the root defect can be determined, including whether the process adopted can be determined through the negative. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The technology of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the pipe, the tube plate and the weld;

[0040] Figure 2 is a local enlarged view of the weld;

[0041] Figure 3 is Figure 1 A-A cross-sectional view in

[0042] Figure 4 is a local enlarged view of the first short hole arranged at the weld height of the weld;

[0043] Figure 5 is a local enlarged view of the second short hole arranged at the weld height of the weld;

[0044] Figure 6 is a local enlarged view of the first long hole arranged at the weld toe of the weld;

[0045] Figure 7 is a local enlarged view of the second long hole arranged at the weld leg of the weld;

[0046] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the detection equipment during detection;

[0047] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a processed film.

[0048] Reference signs:

[0049] 1 - pipe; 11 - X axis; 12 - Y axis; 13 - origin; 2 - tube sheet; 3 - weld; 31 - weld toe; 32 - weld leg; 33 - weld height; 34 - root; 4 - defect; 41 - first short hole; 42 - second short hole; 43 - first long hole; 44 - second long hole; 5 - detection equipment; 51 - film; 52 - head (radiation source); 521 - X-ray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The concept, specific structure and generated technical effects of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments and the drawings below, so as to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effects of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The same reference signs used in the drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0051] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a certain feature is referred to as being "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. In addition, the up, down, left, right and the like used in the present application are only relative to the relative position relationship of the components of the present application in the drawings.

[0052] Reference Figures 1-2 A pipe and tube sheet fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece, comprising a pipe 1, a tube sheet 2 and a weld 3; the tube sheet 3 is provided with a pipe hole, the pipe 1 is matched with the pipe hole and passes through the pipe hole, and the weld 3 is arranged at the connection between the pipe 1 and the surface pipe hole of the tube sheet 3 around the pipe 1; the weld 3 comprises a weld toe 31, a weld leg 32, a weld height 33 and a root 34, the weld 3 is provided with a short defect and a long defect, the length of the short defect is shorter than that of the long defect, and the short defect and the long defect are grooves; the main function of the weld 3 is to firmly weld the pipe 1 passing through the pipe hole of the tube sheet 2 and the tube sheet 2 together, and the quality of the welded weld 3 needs to be detected by flaw detection, and after the result is qualified, the product can be successfully accepted.

[0053] Reference Figure 3The cross-section of the pipe 1 has mutually perpendicular X-axis 11 and Y-axis 12. The intersection of the X-axis 11 and the Y-axis 12 is the origin 13, which coincides with the axis of the pipe 1. The short defect is located at the weld height 33 and on the X-axis 11, while the long defect is located at the weld leg 32 and the weld toe 31 and on the Y-axis 12. The short and long defects are cylindrical groove defects. One of the main purposes of setting artificial defects in the inspection piece of this invention is for flaw detection, facilitating weld quality inspection, process evaluation, and determination of inspection sensitivity.

[0054] In one embodiment, there are two short defects and two long defects. The number of short and long defects is determined according to actual needs.

[0055] In one embodiment, the short defect is a short hole, one of which has a diameter of 0.3 mm and the other has a diameter of 0.5 mm. Specifically, the first short hole 41 has a diameter of 0.3 mm and a length of 0.3 mm; the second short hole 42 has a diameter of 0.5 mm and a length of 0.5 mm. The number, diameter, and length of the short holes are set according to actual needs, and the diameter can range from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.

[0056] In one embodiment, the long defect is an elongated hole, and the diameter of the two elongated holes is 0.3 mm. Specifically, the diameter of the first elongated hole 43 is 0.3 mm, and the diameter of the second elongated hole 44 is 0.3 mm. The number, diameter, and length of the elongated holes are set according to actual needs, and the diameter can range from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.

[0057] In one embodiment, the two short holes are located on the positive and negative axes of the X-axis 11, respectively, and the centers of the two short holes are symmetrically positioned along the axis of the pipe 1 at the weld height 33, with the axes of the short holes perpendicular to the inclined plane of the weld height 33. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 The center of the first short hole 41 is located on the negative axis of X-axis 11, at the middle of the inclined plane of weld height 33, and the hole axis is perpendicular to the inclined plane of weld height 33. At this time, the diameter of the first short hole 41 is 0.3 mm and the length is 0.3 mm; refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The center of the second short hole 42 is located on the positive axis of X-axis 11, and the center of the hole is located in the middle of the inclined surface of weld height 33, and the hole axis is perpendicular to the inclined surface of weld height 33.

[0058] In one embodiment, the two elongated holes are located on the positive and negative axes of the Y-axis 12, respectively. One elongated hole is located at the weld toe 31, with its axial direction extending along the surface of the tube sheet 2 to the outer surface of the tube 1. The other elongated hole is located at the weld leg 32, with its axial direction extending along the outer surface of the tube 1 to the surface of the tube sheet 2. (Refer to...)Figure 3 and Figure 6 , the first long hole 43 is located at the weld toe 31, the hole axis is parallel to the surface of the tube plate 2 and extends to the root 34 of the weld 3, extends to the outer surface of the pipe 1, and the side of the first long hole 43 is in close contact with the tube plate 2, at this time, the diameter of the first long hole 43 is 0.3mm, and the length extends from the weld toe 31 to the root 34 of the weld 3, that is, to the outer surface of the pipe 1; refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the second long hole 44 is located at the weld leg 32, the hole axis is parallel to the axis of the pipe 1 and extends to the root 34 of the weld 3, extends to the outer surface of the tube plate 2, and the side of the second long hole 44 is in close contact with the pipe 1, at this time, the diameter of the second long hole 44 is 0.3mm, and the length extends from the weld leg 32 to the root 34 of the weld 4, that is, to the outer surface of the tube plate 2.

[0059] refer to Figures 8-9 A method for identifying the sensitivity of a tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection, using the tube and tube plate fillet weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece of the application, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1, determine the predetermined distance of the detection equipment 5 head 52 into the identification piece pipe 1, after the detection equipment 5 head 52 into the identification piece pipe 1 of the predetermined distance, and select the experimental parameters of the detection equipment, start the detection equipment to transillumination, and then transillumination many times, the predetermined distance and experimental parameters are different each time; after transillumination, the film processing is carried out on the negative 51, then the negative 51 is selected as the sensitivity identification negative, and the best predetermined distance and experimental parameters of the detection equipment 5 head 52 transillumination are determined;

[0061] S2, determine the sensitivity of the sensitivity identification negative, and draw the imaging range of the weld in the sensitivity identification negative;

[0062] S3, transillumination after the detection equipment 5 head 52 into the best predetermined distance of the pipe of the measured piece and setting the best experimental parameters, film processing after transillumination, and keeping the detection negative;

[0063] S4, evaluate the detection negative, and compare with the sensitivity identification negative, analyze and get the test result;

[0064] S5, according to the evaluation result of the detection negative, the defects of the weld of the measured piece exceeding the required sensitivity are repaired.

[0065] In one embodiment, the S1 step comprises the following steps:

[0066] S11, determine the rod anode equipment machine head into the identification piece tube a predetermined distance, the rod anode X-ray machine head 52 into the identification piece tube 1 a predetermined distance, and select the tube voltage, tube current and exposure time, start the rod anode equipment, the machine head place the X-ray source emits X-ray 521, X-ray transillumination of the identification piece, then multiple transillumination, each time the predetermined distance, tube voltage, tube current and exposure time parameters are different;

[0067] S12, after transillumination, take out the negative, develop the negative in the darkroom, pick out the most appropriate blackness, image without distortion, the most clear image of the identification piece negative as the sensitivity identification negative, and determine the best predetermined distance, tube voltage, tube current and exposure time parameters of the rod anode equipment machine head 52 transillumination.

[0068] In one embodiment, the S2 step, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S21, observe the sensitivity identification negative under the special viewing lamp;

[0070] S22, determine the imaging size of the defects of the identification piece, and obtain the sensitivity of the identification piece; refer to Figure 9 , the first short hole, the second short hole, the first long hole and the second long hole, the negative image is clear, and the sensitivity can be verified to 0.3mm.

[0071] S23, draw the imaging range of the weld from the imaging of the long defect; refer to Figure 9 , the outer edge of the first long hole and the inner edge of the second long hole can determine the imaging range of the entire weld, and the verification range of the weld is verified, which can ensure 100% verification.

[0072] S24, determine the position of the defect on the weld or the position of the root defect from the imaging of the long defect; refer to Figure 9 , the starting point and the ending point of the first long hole and the starting point and the ending point of the second long hole can determine the position of the defect on the weld; the ending point of the first long hole and the starting point of the second long hole can determine the position of the root defect.

[0073] In one embodiment, the S3 step, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S31, after the rod anode equipment machine head is stretched into the best predetermined distance in the pipe of the to-be-tested piece, select the best tube voltage, tube current and exposure time, and perform X-ray transillumination on the to-be-tested piece;

[0075] S32, after transillumination, take out the negative, develop the negative in the darkroom, and obtain the detection negative of the to-be-tested piece.

[0076] In one embodiment, the S4 step, comprising the following steps:

[0077] S41, evaluate the defect condition on the detection negative of the to-be-tested piece, and whether the welding process is appropriate;

[0078] S42, compare the detection negative of the to-be-tested piece with the imaging range of the sensitivity identification negative, determine the actual position of the defect of the to-be-tested piece in the weld, and facilitate the welding repair.

[0079] Other contents of the pipe and tube plate corner weld radiographic inspection sensitivity identification piece and identification method of the present application are referred to the prior art, which will not be described here.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment without departing from the technical solution content of the present application, according to the technical essence of the present application, are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the sensitivity of a tube-to-tubesheet corner joint by radiographic testing, based on a tube-to-tubesheet corner joint sensitivity evaluation phantom, characterized in that, The pipe and tube plate corner weld radiographic inspection sensitivity qualification piece comprises a pipe, a tube plate and a weld; the tube plate is provided with a pipe hole, the pipe is matched with the pipe hole and passes through the pipe hole, and the weld is arranged at the connection between the pipe and the surface of the tube plate around the pipe hole; the weld comprises a weld toe, a weld leg, a weld height and a root, the weld is provided with a short defect and a long defect, and the short defect is shorter than the long defect in length. A perpendicular X-axis and Y-axis are arranged on the pipe, the intersection of the X-axis and the Y-axis is an origin, and the origin coincides with the axis of the pipe; the short defect is arranged at the weld height and located on the X-axis; The short defect is provided with two short holes; the short holes are located on the positive and negative axes of the X-axis, respectively. The long defect is arranged at the weld leg and the weld toe and located on the Y-axis; The long defect is provided with two long holes; the long holes are located on the positive and negative axes of the Y-axis, respectively, and one of the long holes is arranged at the weld toe and the other is arranged at the weld leg. The long hole arranged at the weld toe is axially arranged from the surface of the tube plate to the outer surface of the pipe, and the long hole arranged at the weld leg is axially arranged from the outer surface of the pipe to the surface of the tube plate. The pipe and tube plate corner weld radiographic inspection sensitivity qualification method comprises the following steps: S1, determining the predetermined distance of the detection equipment head into the pipe of the qualification piece, and after the detection equipment head is inserted into the pipe of the qualification piece by the predetermined distance, radiographic inspection is performed, and the experimental parameters of the detection equipment are selected, the detection equipment is started to perform radiographic inspection, and then radiographic inspection is performed multiple times, and the predetermined distance and the experimental parameters are different each time; after radiographic inspection, film processing is performed on the negative, and then the negative is selected as the sensitivity qualification negative, and the best predetermined distance and the experimental parameters of the detection equipment head during radiographic inspection are determined; S2, determining the sensitivity of the sensitivity qualification negative, and marking the imaging range of the weld on the sensitivity qualification negative; S3, after the detection equipment head is inserted into the pipe of the to-be-tested piece by the best predetermined distance and the best experimental parameters are set, radiographic inspection is performed, and then film processing is performed after radiographic inspection to reserve the detection negative; S4, evaluating the detection negative, comparing with the sensitivity qualification negative, analyzing and obtaining the test result; S5, according to the evaluation result of the detection negative, the defects of the weld of the to-be-tested piece exceeding the required sensitivity are repaired; The S2 step comprises the following steps: S21, observing the sensitivity qualification negative under a special film observation lamp; S22, determining the imaging size of the defect of the qualification piece to obtain the sensitivity of the qualification piece; S23, marking the imaging range of the weld from the imaging of the long defect; S24, determining the position of the defect on the weld or the position of the root defect from the imaging of the long defect.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The aperture and length of one of the short holes are 0.3 mm, and the aperture and length of the other short hole are 0.5 mm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The apertures of the two long holes are 0.3 mm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The centers of the two short holes are symmetrical along the axis of the pipe and arranged at the weld height, and the axis of the short hole is perpendicular to the weld height inclined surface.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The S1 step comprises the following steps: S11, determine the rod anode equipment machine head into the identification piece tube a predetermined distance, the rod anode X-ray machine head into the identification piece tube a predetermined distance, and select the tube voltage, tube current and exposure time, start the rod anode equipment, the machine head ray source emits X-ray, X-ray transillumination of the identification piece, then multiple transillumination, each time the predetermined distance, tube voltage, tube current and exposure time are different; S12, after transillumination, take off the negative, develop the negative in the darkroom, pick out the most appropriate blackness, image without distortion, the most clear image identification piece negative as the sensitivity identification negative, and determine the best predetermined distance, tube voltage, tube current and exposure time parameters of the rod anode equipment machine head transillumination.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The S3 step comprises the following steps: S31, after the rod anode equipment machine head into the best predetermined distance in the measured piece tube, select the best tube voltage, tube current and exposure time, X-ray transillumination of the measured piece; S32, after transillumination, take off the negative, develop the negative in the darkroom, get the detection negative of the measured piece.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The S4 step comprises the following steps: S41, evaluate the defect condition on the detection negative of the measured piece, and whether the welding process is appropriate; S42, compare the detection negative of the measured piece with the imaging range of the sensitivity identification negative, determine the actual position of the measured piece defect in the weld, facilitate the welding repair.

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