Fully automatic matrix bag opening device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of full-automatic matrix bag trepanning device, including vehicle body (1), trepanning workbench and conveyer belt (3);Wherein trepanning workbench is fixed in vehicle body (1) side, trepanning workbench includes upper horizontal rail (6) and lower horizontal rail (7) and is arranged in parallel up and down, several trepanning lifting rods (8) are vertically installed between upper horizontal rail and lower horizontal rail;Trepanning lifting rod (8) is installed with trepanner (2);Lower horizontal rail (7) below is provided with folding support plate (15), to support matrix bag (10);Folding support plate (15) below is provided with conveying table;Conveyer belt (3) is foldable, with electric folding drive mechanism.The trepanning device of the application is linked and cooperated with trepanning workbench, trepanner and conveyer belt fixed in vehicle body, which not only ensures that the planting holes of matrix bag are neat and uniform, and the hole distance is consistent, but also reduces the work intensity and improves the work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates generally to the field of agricultural facility technology, and specifically to a fully automatic substrate bag opening device. Background Technology

[0002] Soilless cultivation using substrate bags is a new type of soilless cultivation model that has been vigorously promoted and popularized in recent years. It typically involves sealing substrates such as coconut coir or peat moss inside substrate bags. During cultivation, crops are planted by punching holes at regular intervals in the substrate bags, and production is carried out in conjunction with an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation system. Substrate bag cultivation offers advantages such as effective prevention of pests and diseases; convenient and precise water and fertilizer control; and for high-value-added cash crops such as cucumbers and tomatoes, it can significantly improve crop yield and quality. For crops like strawberries, it can improve greenhouse space utilization when combined with vertical support structures or hanging equipment. Therefore, it has high potential for widespread adoption.

[0003] Currently, the production process on the front lines is mostly as follows: after purchasing substrate bags, they are first placed on cultivation troughs, and then workers use a small knife to make holes. After soaking the substrate bags, the planting is carried out. In terms of the hole-making method, generally, a blade is used to make "□", "×", or "+" marks, using simple tools with low levels of automation and intelligence. In terms of workload, workers need to frequently bend over and move between planting rows to make holes, which is not only labor-intensive and inefficient but also reflects the irrationality of the current process design. In terms of hole-making results, manual hole-making involves tearing the plastic film, resulting in inconsistent hole sizes and irregular hole spacing, failing to meet the standards of modern facility agriculture's standardized cultivation management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of existing substrate bag perforators, such as complex, time-consuming, and labor-intensive perforation processes, the present invention aims to provide a fully automatic substrate bag perforation device that can meet the operational needs of various scenarios, including large-scale multi-span glass greenhouses, solar greenhouses, and plastic greenhouses.

[0005] The fully automatic matrix bag perforation device according to the present invention includes a vehicle body, a perforation worktable, and a conveyor belt; wherein the perforation worktable is fixed to one side of the vehicle body, and the perforation worktable includes an upper horizontal rail and a lower horizontal rail arranged parallel to each other, and a plurality of perforation lifting rods are vertically installed between the upper and lower horizontal rails; a perforator is installed on the perforation lifting rod, and the perforator punches holes in the matrix bag by the up and down movement of the perforation lifting rod; a folding support plate is provided below the lower horizontal rail to support the matrix bag; a conveyor is provided below the folding support plate; when a matrix bag is perforated, the folding support plate retracts, the matrix bag falls onto the conveyor table, and the matrix bag is conveyed to the conveyor belt by the conveyor table; then, the folding support plate extends again, and the next matrix bag perforation operation is performed.

[0006] The conveyor belt is foldable and has an electric folding drive mechanism. In operation, the conveyor belt is positioned in front of the conveyor platform and extends to ride along the entire length of the cultivation trough. When the conveyor belt is filled with perforated substrate bags from front to back, the conveyor belt is folded and retracted, and the perforated substrate bags fall one by one onto the cultivation trough from front to back.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the upper and lower horizontal rails are respectively provided with horizontal sliding grooves, and the opening lifting rod can slide horizontally along the upper and lower horizontal rails to adjust the opening spacing of the substrate bag.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a partition is provided in front of the folding support plate to align the substrate bag.

[0009] Specifically, the conveyor platform includes a lifting platform with horizontally arranged rolling shafts. A conveying lifting rod is connected to the middle of the lifting platform, and the conveying lifting rod is connected to a lifting motor. Both ends of the lifting platform are connected to two vertical slide rails, one in front and one in back.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a baffle is provided at the rear end of the conveyor belt to limit the movement of the substrate bag.

[0011] Specifically, the conveyor belt includes multiple rollers arranged in parallel, each roller is connected to two legs at both ends, and the lower end of each leg is connected to a roller. The legs on the same side are connected by a four-bar linkage mechanism.

[0012] The vehicle body in this invention serves as a loading and control platform, specifically a trolley or an electric vehicle. Preferably, it is an electric vehicle with navigation and driving functions, and the vehicle body provides the drive power and control system for the entire opening device. Furthermore, the vehicle body is equipped with a platform for loading a conveyor belt.

[0013] The hole opener in this invention can be configured in various specifications, with the cutting blade in square or round shapes, suitable for opening implantation holes of various shapes and sizes, such as square or round. Furthermore, the hole opener and the hole opening lifting rod are detachably connected via a plug-in mechanism, thus facilitating replacement.

[0014] The fully automatic substrate bag opening device of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The hole-opening equipment works in conjunction with the hole opener and the conveyor belt on the hole-opening workbench fixed to the vehicle body to improve and upgrade the current unreasonable cultivation production process. This ensures that the planting holes opened in the substrate bags are neat and uniform with consistent hole spacing, while also reducing the intensity of work and improving work efficiency.

[0016] (2) The perforation worktable, by adding a folding support plate, a horizontal sliding rail, and a perforation lifting rod, enables the placement of substrate bags, adjustment of the hole spacing of the perforator, and downward perforation of the perforator on the worktable; by adding a lifting platform, the substrate bags that fall onto the lifting platform are transported downwards along the lifting rod. This makes the perforation process more intelligent, lighter, more efficient, and more mechanized and intelligent. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully automatic substrate bag opening device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated worktable structure in this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the foldable support plate structure in this invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the conveyor belt and cultivation trough in this invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor belt structure in this invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cultivation trough structure in this invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hole opener structure in this invention.

[0024] The labels in the attached diagram represent: 1-vehicle body, 2-hole opener, 3-conveyor belt, 4-cultivation trough, 5-partition, 6-upper horizontal rail, 7-lower horizontal rail, 8-hole opening lifting rod, 9-plug, 10-substrate bag, 11-platform, 12-movable damping plate, 13-horizontal chute, 14-hole opening motor, 15-folding support plate, 16-lifting platform, 17-rolling shaft, 18-vertical slide rail, 19-conveyor lifting rod, 20-lifting motor, 22-folding motor, 23-folding rotating shaft, 31-roller, 32-support leg, 33-four-bar linkage, 34-roller, 35-baffle, 40-support frame, 51-cutting blade, 52-insertion. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] Currently, soilless cultivation using substrate bags is widely used in greenhouses for efficient fruit and vegetable cultivation. Taking a single greenhouse in a high-efficiency cultivation greenhouse cluster in North China as an example, it is 182.4m long and 52m wide, with 112 planting rows, each 44m long. The substrate bags are mainly 1m × 0.2m in size, requiring 44 bags per planting row, for a total of 4928 bags per greenhouse. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device provided by this invention can perform large-area continuous automatic opening operations, thereby greatly reducing manual labor intensity and improving work efficiency.

[0027] See Figure 1-2 The fully automatic substrate bag perforation device according to the present invention mainly includes a vehicle body 1, an perforation worktable, and a conveyor belt 3. The vehicle body 1 has driving and navigation functions and is used to carry the perforation worktable, allowing operators to take turns working between greenhouses according to operational needs. Simultaneously, the vehicle body 1 provides the drive power and control system for the entire perforation device, and the operation of each component is controlled via a control panel.

[0028] The drilling worktable is fixed to one side of the vehicle body 1. The worktable includes an upper horizontal rail 6 and a lower horizontal rail 7 arranged parallel to each other. Several drilling lifting rods 8 are vertically installed between the upper and lower horizontal rails. A hole opener 2 is mounted on each of the drilling lifting rods 8. The hole opener 2 punches holes in the substrate bag 10 by the up-and-down movement of the drilling lifting rod 8. Specifically, the drilling lifting rod 8 is a ball screw, driven at its upper end by a drilling motor 14. A plug 9 is mounted on the drilling lifting rod 8, and the plug 9 has a central hole that is threadedly connected to the ball screw. See details. Figure 7 The lower end of the hole opener 2 is equipped with square-arranged cutting blades 51, and the hole opener 2 is provided with insertion holes 52. The hole opener 2 is fixed by plugging the plug 9 into the insertion holes 52. This plug-in fixing method makes it easy to replace hole openers 2 of different specifications. In addition, the upper and lower horizontal rails are respectively provided with horizontal sliding grooves 13, and the hole opening lifting rod 8 can slide horizontally along the upper and lower horizontal rails to adjust the hole spacing of the substrate bag.

[0029] A folding support plate 15 is installed below the lower horizontal rail 7 to support the substrate bag 10. (See also...) Figure 3 A folding motor 22 is installed at one end of the folding support plate 15. The folding motor 22 drives the folding support plate 15 to rotate 90° via the folding rotation shaft 23. A partition 5 is installed in front of the folding support plate 15 to align the substrate bag 10 during the hole-opening operation.

[0030] A conveyor platform is provided below the folding support plate 15. The conveyor platform includes a lifting platform 16, on which horizontally arranged rollers 17 are provided. The rollers 17 are equipped with a drive mechanism. A conveying lifting rod 19 is connected to the middle of the lifting platform 16, and the conveying lifting rod 19 is connected to a lifting motor 20. Both ends of the lifting platform 16 are connected to two front and rear vertical slide rails 18, respectively.

[0031] During the perforation operation, the folding support plate 15 is extended, and a matrix bag 10 is placed on the folding support plate 15, with its front end abutting against the partition plate 5. Several perforators 2 simultaneously perforate the matrix bag 10. After the matrix bag 10 is perforated, the folding support plate 15 retracts, and the matrix bag 10 falls onto the conveyor table. The lifting platform 16 moves downward to maintain a suitable height with the conveyor belt 3, and then the matrix bag 10 is conveyed onto the conveyor belt 3 by the rolling of the roller shaft 17. Subsequently, the folding support plate 15 extends again, and the perforation operation of the next matrix bag 10 is then performed.

[0032] See Figure 4-6 The conveyor belt 3 is foldable, and multiple substrate bags can be arranged along its length when unfolded. Specifically, the conveyor belt 3 includes multiple parallel rollers 31, each roller 31 with legs 32 connected to both ends, and rollers 34 connected to the lower ends of the legs 32. The legs 32 on the same side are connected by a four-bar linkage 33. Both the rollers 31 and the four-bar linkage 33 are equipped with corresponding electric drive mechanisms. A baffle 35 is provided at the rear end of the conveyor belt 3 to limit the movement of the substrate bags 10. The baffle 35 is preferably a forward-opening and closing type (it cannot open backward), which facilitates the transport of the substrate bags 10 from the conveyor table to the conveyor belt 3, and prevents the substrate bags 10 from moving backward when the conveyor belt 3 is folded and retracted to allow them to fall. In operation, the conveyor belt 3 is positioned in front of the conveyor platform and extends along the entire length of the cultivation trough 4. Once the conveyor belt 3 is filled with perforated substrate bags 10 from front to back, the conveyor belt 3 is folded and retracted, and the perforated substrate bags 10 fall one by one onto the cultivation trough 4 from front to back.

[0033] The conveyor belt 3 in this invention is a movable, modular device that can be used for transportation either independently or mounted on the vehicle body 1. See details... Figure 1 Preferably, a platform 11 for loading the conveyor belt 3 is set below the open workbench on the vehicle body 1. The platform 11 is surrounded by corresponding enclosures, and a movable damping plate 12 is set at the front end of the platform 11. The movable damping plate 12 adopts a seesaw-like structure, which can both limit the movement of the conveyor belt 3 and facilitate the entry and exit of the conveyor belt 3.

[0034] The following describes the specific operation process of the fully automatic matrix bag opening device of the present invention.

[0035] According to the operational requirements, open the substrate bag perforation device to one side of the planting row, with the front of the vehicle facing the planting row. Pull the conveyor belt 3 out of the vehicle and place it on the cultivation trough 4, which is supported by the support frame 40. Plug the conveyor belt power cord into the power socket on the side of the vehicle, press the power button, and click the transmission switch on the control panel to drive the conveyor belt 3 to unfold from the beginning to the end of the planting row.

[0036] The number and spacing of holes are determined according to the planting plan, including crop variety and planting density. The position of the hole-opening lifting rod 8 on the upper and lower horizontal sliding rails is adjusted according to the planting plan. Then, the hole opener 2 is installed on the hole-opening lifting rod 8. Next, the substrate bag 10 to be holed is placed on the folding support plate 15, with the inner length of the substrate bag 10 aligned with the lower horizontal sliding rail 7 and the front width aligned with the partition plate 5 to ensure uniform planting holes. Then, the hole-opening switch on the control panel is pressed, and the motor drives the hole opener 2 to move downwards on the hole-opening lifting rod 8 to make holes, and upwards to facilitate the placement of the next substrate bag 10 to be holed. After the substrate bag 10 is holed, the folding support plate 15 retracts 90°, allowing the substrate bag 10 to fall onto the conveyor table. Then, the folding support plate 15 opens 90° again, allowing the operator to place the next substrate bag 10 to be holed.

[0037] The motor-driven lifting platform 16 moves up and down with the conveyor lifting rod 19, and the two sides of the lifting platform 16 slide down along the vertical slide rails 18. When it slides down to a certain height, the lifting platform 16 stops descending, and the rolling shaft 17 on the lifting platform 16 starts to rotate, thereby moving the substrate bag 10 from the lifting platform 16 to the conveyor belt 3. The rotation of the roller 31 on the conveyor belt 3 moves the substrate bag 10 from the beginning to the end of the planting row. Afterwards, the lifting platform 16 slides up along the vertical slide rails 18 to reset, waiting for the substrate bag 10 to fall back onto the lifting platform 16.

[0038] Once the conveyor belt 3 is filled with perforated substrate bags 10 from front to back, the conveyor belt 3 is folded and recycled, and the perforated substrate bags 10 fall one by one onto the cultivation trough 4 from front to back.

[0039] Then open the substrate bag opening device to the next planting row and repeat the above operation.

[0040] Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments shown above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make simple modifications to the above embodiments using conventional means without departing from the spirit of the present invention, but all such modifications should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic substrate bag opening device, characterized in that, The system includes a vehicle body (1), an opening workbench, and a conveyor belt (3). The opening workbench is fixed to one side of the vehicle body (1). The opening workbench includes an upper horizontal rail (6) and a lower horizontal rail (7) that are aligned vertically. Several opening lifting rods (8) are vertically installed between the upper and lower horizontal rails. An opening tool (2) is installed on the opening lifting rod (8). The opening tool (2) punches holes in the matrix bag (10) by moving the opening lifting rod (8) up and down. A folding support plate (15) is set below the lower horizontal rail (7) to support the matrix bag (10). A conveyor is set below the folding support plate (15). After a matrix bag (10) is opened, the folding support plate (15) is retracted, and the matrix bag (10) falls onto the conveyor. The matrix bag (10) is then conveyed to the conveyor belt (3) via the conveyor. Subsequently, the folding support plate (15) extends again, and the next matrix bag (10) is opened. The conveyor belt (3) is foldable and has an electric folding drive mechanism. In the working state, the conveyor belt (3) is set in front of the conveyor platform and spreads out to ride along the entire length of the cultivation trough (4). When the conveyor belt (3) is filled with perforated substrate bags (10) from front to back, the conveyor belt (3) is folded and recycled, and the perforated substrate bags (10) fall one by one from front to back onto the cultivation trough (4). The conveyor belt (3) includes multiple rollers (31) arranged in parallel. Each roller (31) is connected to two legs (32) at both ends. The lower end of the legs (32) is connected to a roller (34). The legs (32) on the same side are connected by a four-bar linkage (33).

2. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower horizontal rails are respectively equipped with horizontal sliding grooves (13), and the opening lifting rod (8) can slide horizontally along the upper and lower horizontal rails to adjust the opening spacing of the substrate bag.

3. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A partition (5) is provided in front of the folding support plate (15) to align the matrix bag (10).

4. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveyor includes a lifting platform (16), on which a horizontally arranged rolling shaft (17) is provided. A conveying lifting rod (19) is connected in the middle of the lifting platform (16), and the conveying lifting rod (19) is connected to a lifting motor (20). The two ends of the lifting platform (16) are respectively connected to two front and rear vertical slide rails (18).

5. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (35) is provided at the rear end of the conveyor belt (3) to limit the substrate bag.

6. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle body (1) provides the driving power and control system for the entire opening device.

7. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle body (1) is equipped with a platform (11) for loading the conveyor belt (3).

8. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole opener (2) includes cutting blades (51), which are square and connected in pairs.

9. The fully automatic substrate bag opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole opener (2) and the hole opening lifting rod (8) are detachably connected by a plug-in mechanism.

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