A processing device and method for strip electrode micro-electro-spark grinding

Abstract

The present invention discloses a processing device and method for strip electrode micro-electro-spark grinding, which relates to the field of micro-electrode processing technology. The main structure includes a fixed platform, a driving mechanism, a belt storage drum, a belt take-up drum, a tensioning mechanism, and a grinding wheel; the belt storage drum, the belt take-up drum, the tensioning mechanism, and the grinding wheel are all arranged on the fixed platform; the tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt storage drum and the grinding wheel, and the tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt take-up drum and the grinding wheel; the driving mechanism is connected to the belt take-up drum in a transmission manner. The strip electrode replaces the wire electrode, and the line contact discharge replaces the point contact discharge, which greatly improves the processing efficiency; strip electrodes with different cross-sections can be used for processing, which is highly flexible and can be applied to more processing requirements. Compared with the wire electrode grinding device, the anti-vibration performance of the strip electrode during operation is significantly improved because the cross-sectional shape can be changed. The present invention uses strip electrodes for electric spark grinding, achieving the preparation of micro-electrodes that takes into account both processing quality and processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of micro-electrode processing, in particular to a processing device and method for micro-electric spark grinding of strip electrodes. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, many fields and industries have increasingly demanded the miniaturization and precision of parts and equipment. Microstructures are widely used in aerospace, precision measurement, optoelectronics, and other fields. Micro-EDM technology offers the advantages of non-contact machining, the absence of macroscopic forces during machining, and unrestricted processing by material strength and hardness. It is very suitable for machining micro-shafts, micro-grooves, and tiny holes. In micro-EDM, to ensure the dimensional and shape accuracy of the machined holes or cavities, the micro-electrodes used must have excellent dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, and surface quality. Micro-electrode preparation is a key issue in micro-EDM.

[0003] Currently, the processing of microelectrodes primarily utilizes wire electrode grinding. A wire electrode slides along a guide groove on a fixed guide at a constant tension. The workpiece, mounted on a spindle, rotates at high speed while being fed axially. Processing is achieved through electric spark grinding between the wire electrode and the workpiece. While wire electrode grinding achieves machining accuracy close to the geometric accuracy of machine tools, the wire electrode remains in constant motion during machining, enabling continuous replacement of worn wire. However, due to the point-contact micro-energy discharge between the wire electrode and the workpiece, machining speed is very slow. Furthermore, this method places high demands on the equipment, including a complex wire feed mechanism and strict requirements on wire tension, speed, and stability. This can easily lead to irregular shapes, such as gourd-shaped electrodes, during machining. Furthermore, this method is difficult to control for repeatable machining consistency, making it difficult to ensure consistent wire feed and speed across each machining run. Furthermore, interference factors such as wire vibration and inconsistent wire diameters can affect the gap, leading to significant fluctuations in the size of the microelectrodes produced through repeated machining. The wire electrode grinding method has high precision in manufacturing microelectrodes, but it is inefficient and has poor repeatability, which cannot meet the actual production needs of microelectrodes. Therefore, it is necessary to find a microelectrode preparation device that can take into account both processing quality and processing efficiency, is easy to control, and is oriented towards practical applications.

[0004] A prior art search revealed that patent CN 110666259A discloses a strip electrode electric spark cutting device, specifically comprising an annular strip electrode and a bracket, the bracket being provided with a rotatable driving and driven belt drums. The strip electrode is sleeved between the driving and driven belt drums. The strip electrode is positioned near one edge of the workpiece, generating an electric spark discharge between the workpiece and the workpiece, forming a discharge end face. The bracket is also provided with a rotatable positioning wheel and compensation wheel, located on either side of the strip electrode. The compensation wheel pushes the discharge end face of the strip electrode into the V-shaped groove of the positioning wheel. This invention primarily utilizes the surface area of ​​the strip electrode being much larger than that of the wire electrode to provide a larger pulse current to the strip electrode, thereby increasing the cutting speed. However, this invention is mainly used for cutting workpieces. The strip electrodes are connected end to end to form a ring. It is a reciprocating strip cutting device. The ring-shaped strip electrode will produce loss during the machining discharge process, affecting the accuracy of fine electrode machining. Moreover, this invention uses the straight side edge of the strip electrode as the discharge end face. It can be seen that the method used in this invention is not suitable for fine electric spark grinding.

[0005] Based on practical engineering applications, the present invention proposes a strip electrode micro-EDM electrode grinding device and method. The invention mainly solves the problems of low processing efficiency, poor consistency of repeated processing, easy generation of irregular-shaped electrodes, and easy generation of lines on the electrode surface after processing in the wire electrode grinding method. The strip electrode is used for EDM grinding, and the point contact discharge of wire electrode grinding is replaced by line contact discharge to improve processing efficiency. At the same time, the cross-sectional diversified design method of the strip electrode makes the tension and operation stability of the strip electrode easier to control, reducing the generation of irregular-shaped electrodes, thereby realizing the preparation of micro-electrodes that takes into account both processing quality and processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above technical problems, the present invention provides a processing device and method for strip electrode fine spark grinding. The device uses a strip electrode and a fine electrode to perform discharge grinding on the electrode surface. The strip electrode is guided from a belt storage drum, passes through a right guide wheel, a right pressure column, and a trapezoidal grinding wheel, where it undergoes discharge grinding with the electrode to be machined. It then passes through a left pressure column and a left guide wheel to reach a belt take-up drum. A drive motor drives the take-up drum to rotate, driving the strip electrode to run smoothly. The belt pressure wheel compresses the strip electrode, and a pressure spring pushes the left and right pressure columns to maintain tension on the strip electrode, thereby stably and efficiently achieving fine electrode fine spark grinding.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a processing device and method for fine electric spark grinding of strip electrodes, comprising a fixed platform, a driving mechanism, a belt storage drum, a belt take-up drum, a tensioning mechanism and a grinding wheel; the belt storage drum, the belt take-up drum, the tensioning mechanism and the grinding wheel are all arranged on the fixed platform;

[0009] The tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt storage drum and the grinding wheel, and / or the tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt take-up drum and the grinding wheel;

[0010] The driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the take-up drum;

[0011] The belt storage drum is used to store the belt-shaped electrode, and the belt collection drum is used to recycle the belt-shaped electrode;

[0012] The grinding wheel is provided with a grinding limiting groove, and the grinding limiting groove is used to limit the strip electrode.

[0013] Optionally, a guide mechanism is further included; the guide mechanism is arranged between the belt storage drum and the grinding wheel, and / or the guide mechanism is arranged between the belt take-up drum and the grinding wheel.

[0014] Optionally, the guide mechanism includes a support bearing and a guide wheel; the support bearing is arranged between the guide wheel and the fixed platform.

[0015] Optionally, a guide limiting groove is provided on the guide wheel, and the guide limiting groove is used to limit the strip electrode.

[0016] Optionally, a belt pressure wheel is further included, wherein the belt pressure wheel is arranged tangentially to the guide wheel, and the belt pressure wheel is rotatably arranged on the fixed platform.

[0017] Optionally, a support rod is provided at the bottom of the belt pulley, the support rod is connected to one end of the elastic member, the other end of the elastic member is connected to a stopper, and the stopper is provided on the fixed platform.

[0018] Optionally, the tensioning mechanism includes a stopper, an elastic member and a clamping column; the stopper is arranged on the fixed platform, the bottom of the clamping column is slidably arranged on the fixed platform, and the elastic member is arranged between the stopper and the bottom of the clamping column.

[0019] Optionally, an insulating pad is provided at the bottom of the compression column; and the elastic member is provided between the insulating pad and the stop block.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a method for processing a strip electrode by fine electric spark grinding, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Install the fixed platform on the working position of the machine tool, install the belt storage drum and the belt take-up drum on the fixed platform, connect the two ends of the pulse power supply to the pressing column and the electrode to be processed respectively, pull the strip electrode out of the belt storage drum, pass it through the right guide wheel, the right pressing column, the grinding wheel, the left pressing column, and the left guide wheel in sequence and put it into the belt take-up drum, start the drive motor, drive the strip electrode to rotate at a constant speed through the belt take-up drum, adjust the position of the block so that the belt pressure wheel presses the strip electrode tightly against the surface of the right guide wheel, and the strip electrode is tightly attached to the surface of the right pressing column and the left tensioning column and maintains appropriate tension;

[0022] S2: Use a strip electrode with a wider cross section for rough machining. The electrode to be machined is fed close to one end of the strip electrode sleeved on the grinding wheel for rough machining discharge grinding. After the rough machining is completed, the electrode to be machined is retracted.

[0023] S3: Remove the strip electrode with a wider cross section and replace it with a strip electrode with a narrower cross section. Adjust the position of the stop block and tighten the strip electrode. Feed the electrode to be processed close to the end of the strip electrode sleeved on the grinding wheel for fine machining discharge grinding. After the fine machining is completed, retract the electrode to be processed.

[0024] S4: After completing all processing tasks, the device is removed from the machine tool.

[0025] Optional, S2.1: Belt electrodes of different cross-sectional shapes are respectively sleeved into the grooves of each layer of the grinding wheel in the order of step S1, and the position of the block is adjusted so that the belt pressure wheel presses the belt electrode tightly against the surface of the right guide wheel, and each layer of belt electrodes is tightly attached to the surface of the right clamping column and the left tensioning column and maintains appropriate tension. The electrode to be processed is fed to the layer where the belt electrode with a wider cross-section of the grinding wheel is located, and rough discharge grinding is performed. After the processing is completed, the electrode to be processed is retracted;

[0026] S3.1: The electrode to be machined is fed to the layer where the strip electrode with a narrower cross section of the grinding wheel is located, and fine-machining discharge grinding is performed. After the machining is completed, the electrode to be machined is retracted.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0028] The processing device and method for strip electrode fine electric spark electrode grinding in the present invention replaces the wire electrode of the existing device with a strip electrode, and replaces the point contact discharge with line contact discharge, which greatly improves the processing efficiency. Strip electrodes with different cross sections can be used for processing. Strip electrodes with wide cross sections have fast processing speed but low precision and are suitable for rough processing. Strip electrodes with narrow cross sections have slow processing speed but high precision and are suitable for fine processing. The present invention has high flexibility and can be applied to more processing needs. At the same time, compared with the wire electrode grinding device, since the cross-sectional shape can be rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular, the vibration resistance of the strip electrode during operation is significantly improved. The present invention uses strip electrodes for electric spark grinding to achieve the preparation of fine electrodes that takes into account both processing quality and processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a strip electrode micro-EDM electrode grinding device proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the platform layout of a strip electrode micro-EDM electrode grinding device proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rough machining mode of a strip electrode micro-EDM electrode grinding device proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the fine machining of a strip electrode micro-EDM electrode grinding device proposed by the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1-fixed platform; 2-drive motor; 3-grinding wheel; 4-insulating pad; 5-compression spring; 6-stop block; 7-support rod; 8-pressing roller; 9-right guide roller; 10-storage drum; 11-strip electrode; 12-right pressing column; 13-take-up drum; 14-left guide roller; 15-left pressing column; 16-support bearing; 17-electrode to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "disposed," "installed," and "connected" are to be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise specified or explained, and may refer to fixed or detachable connections. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used to indicate directions are based on the positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this application.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a processing device for strip electrode fine electric spark grinding, including a fixed platform 1, a drive mechanism, a belt storage drum 10, a belt take-up drum 13, a tensioning mechanism, and a grinding wheel 3. The belt storage drum 10, the belt take-up drum 13, the tensioning mechanism, and the grinding wheel 3 are all arranged on the fixed platform 1. The tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt storage drum 10 and the grinding wheel 3, and between the belt take-up drum 13 and the grinding wheel 3. The drive mechanism is in transmission connection with the belt take-up drum 13. The belt storage drum 10 is used to store the strip electrode 11, and the belt take-up drum 13 is used to recycle the strip electrode 11. The grinding wheel 3 is provided with a grinding limit groove for limiting the position of the strip electrode 11.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, the fixed platform 1 adopts a double-layer structure, and the top layer and the bottom layer of the fixed platform 1 are connected by a plurality of columns.

[0041] The driving mechanism adopts a driving motor 2, which is arranged at the bottom layer. The output shaft of the driving motor 2 passes through the top layer and is connected to the belt reel 13. The driving motor 2 drives the belt reel 13 to rotate, thereby driving the strip electrode 11 to run smoothly.

[0042] The strip electrode micro-EDM grinding apparatus also includes a guide mechanism, which is positioned between the belt storage drum 10 and the grinding wheel 3, and between the belt take-up drum 13 and the grinding wheel 3. The guide mechanism includes a support bearing 16 and a guide wheel; the support bearing 16 is positioned between the guide wheel and the fixed platform 1. The guide wheel is provided with a guide limit groove, which is used to limit the position of the strip electrode 11.

[0043] The processing device for strip electrode fine electric spark electrode grinding also includes a belt pressure roller 8, which is arranged tangentially with the guide roller and is rotatably arranged on the fixed platform 1. A support rod 7 is provided at the bottom of the belt pressure roller 8, and the support rod 7 is connected to one end of the elastic member, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the stopper 6, which is arranged on the fixed platform 1.

[0044] The tensioning mechanism includes a stopper 6, an elastic member and a pressing column; the stopper 6 is arranged on the fixed platform 1, the bottom of the pressing column is slidably arranged on the fixed platform 1, and the elastic member is arranged between the stopper 6 and the bottom of the pressing column.

[0045] An insulating pad 4 is provided at the bottom of the compression column, and an elastic member is provided between the insulating pad 4 and the stopper 6. The elastic member is a compression spring 5, and in this specific embodiment, the compression spring 5 is a coil spring.

[0046] In a further embodiment, the storage drum 10, the take-up drum 13 and the grinding wheel 3 all include multiple parts with different diameters. In this embodiment, the storage drum 10, the take-up drum 13 and the grinding wheel 3 all adopt a structure with a larger bottom diameter and a smaller upper diameter.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] The present invention also discloses a method for processing a strip electrode by fine electric spark grinding, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: Install the fixed platform 1 on the working position of the machine tool, install the belt storage drum 10 and the belt take-up drum 13 on the fixed platform 1, connect the two ends of the pulse power supply to the pressing column and the electrode to be processed 17 respectively, pull the strip electrode 11 out of the belt storage drum 10, pass it through the right guide wheel 9, the right pressing column 12, the grinding wheel 3, the left pressing column 15, and the left guide wheel 14 in sequence, and put it into the belt take-up drum 13, start the drive motor 2, drive the belt take-up drum 13 to drive the strip electrode 11 to rotate at a constant speed, adjust the position of the block 6, so that the belt pressure wheel 8 presses the strip electrode 11 against the surface of the right guide wheel 9, and the strip electrode 11 is in close contact with the surfaces of the right pressing column 12 and the left tensioning column, and maintains appropriate tension;

[0050] S2: Rough machining is performed using a strip electrode 11 with a wider cross section. The electrode to be machined 17 is fed close to one end of the strip electrode 11 sleeved on the grinding wheel 3 to perform rough machining discharge grinding. After the rough machining is completed, the electrode to be machined 17 is retracted.

[0051] S3: Remove the strip electrode 11 with a wider cross section and replace it with a strip electrode 11 with a narrower cross section. Adjust the position of the stopper 6 to tighten the strip electrode 11. Feed the electrode 17 to the end of the strip electrode 11 that is sleeved on the grinding wheel 3 to perform fine discharge grinding. After fine machining is completed, retract the electrode 17 to be machined.

[0052] S4: After completing all processing tasks, the device is removed from the machine tool.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] This embodiment is an improved embodiment based on the second embodiment, and further includes the following steps:

[0055] S2.1: The strip electrodes 11 with different cross-sectional shapes are respectively sleeved into the grooves of each layer of the grinding wheel 3 in the order of step S1, and the position of the block 6 is adjusted so that the pressure wheel 8 presses the strip electrode 11 tightly against the surface of the right guide wheel 9. Each layer of the strip electrodes 11 is tightly attached to the surface of the right clamping column 12 and the left tensioning column and maintains appropriate tension. The electrode 17 to be processed is fed to the layer where the strip electrode 11 with a wider cross-section is located close to the grinding wheel 3 for rough discharge grinding. After the processing is completed, the electrode 17 to be processed is retracted.

[0056] S3.1: The electrode to be machined 17 is fed to the layer where the strip electrode 11 with a narrower cross section is located near the grinding wheel 3, and fine-machining discharge grinding is performed. After the machining is completed, the electrode to be machined 17 is retracted.

[0057] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

[0058] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing device for strip electrode fine electric spark grinding, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed platform, a driving mechanism, a belt storage drum, a belt take-up drum, a tensioning mechanism and a grinding wheel; the belt storage drum, the belt take-up drum, the tensioning mechanism and the grinding wheel are all arranged on the fixed platform; the tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt storage drum and the grinding wheel, and / or, the tensioning mechanism is arranged between the belt take-up drum and the grinding wheel; the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the belt take-up drum; The belt storage drum is used to store the belt-shaped electrode, and the belt collection drum is used to recycle the belt-shaped electrode; The grinding wheel is provided with a grinding limit groove, and the grinding limit groove is used to limit the strip electrode; The belt storage drum, the belt take-up drum and the grinding wheel all include multiple layers of cylinders with different diameters, the cylinders are coaxially arranged and the diameters of the cylinders decrease from the bottom to the top; There are multiple strip electrodes, and the layer where the strip electrodes with larger radial cross-sections of the grinding wheel are located is used for rough machining discharge grinding, and the layer where the strip electrodes with smaller radial cross-sections of the grinding wheel are located is used for fine machining discharge grinding.

2. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide mechanism; the guide mechanism is arranged between the belt storage drum and the grinding wheel, and / or the guide mechanism is arranged between the belt take-up drum and the grinding wheel.

3. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide mechanism includes a support bearing and a guide wheel; the support bearing is arranged between the guide wheel and the fixed platform.

4. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide wheel is provided with a guide limiting groove, and the guide limiting groove is used to limit the strip electrode.

5. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a belt pressure wheel, which is arranged tangentially to the guide wheel and rotatably arranged on the fixed platform.

6. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support rod is provided at the bottom of the belt pressure roller. The support rod is connected to one end of the elastic member. The other end of the elastic member is connected to a stop block. The stop block is provided on the fixed platform.

7. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism includes a stopper, an elastic member and a pressing column; the stopper is arranged on the fixed platform, the bottom of the pressing column is slidably arranged on the fixed platform, and the elastic member is arranged between the stopper and the bottom of the pressing column.

8. The strip electrode fine electric spark grinding processing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An insulating pad is provided at the bottom of the compression column; and the elastic member is provided between the insulating pad and the stop block.

9. A method for fine electric spark grinding of a strip electrode, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Install the fixed platform on the working position of the machine tool, install the belt storage drum and the belt take-up drum on the fixed platform, connect the two ends of the pulse power supply to the pressing column and the electrode to be processed respectively, pull the strip electrode out of the belt storage drum, pass it through the right guide wheel, the right pressing column, the grinding wheel, the left pressing column, and the left guide wheel in sequence and put it into the belt take-up drum, start the drive motor, drive the strip electrode to rotate at a constant speed through the belt take-up drum, adjust the position of the block so that the belt pressure wheel presses the strip electrode tightly against the surface of the right guide wheel, and the strip electrode is tightly attached to the surface of the right pressing column and the left tensioning column and maintains appropriate tension; S2: Use a strip electrode with a wider cross section for rough machining. The electrode to be machined is fed close to one end of the strip electrode sleeved on the grinding wheel for rough machining discharge grinding. After the rough machining is completed, the electrode to be machined is retracted. S3: Remove the strip electrode with a wider cross section and replace it with a strip electrode with a narrower cross section. Adjust the position of the stop block and tighten the strip electrode. Feed the electrode to be processed close to the end of the strip electrode sleeved on the grinding wheel for fine machining discharge grinding. After the fine machining is completed, retract the electrode to be processed. S4: After completing all processing tasks, the device is removed from the machine tool.

10. The strip electrode micro-spark grinding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: S2.1: Belt electrodes of different cross-sectional shapes are placed in the grooves of each layer of the grinding wheel in the order described in step S1. The position of the block is adjusted so that the belt pressure roller presses the belt electrode tightly against the surface of the right guide roller. Each layer of belt electrodes is tightly attached to the surfaces of the right pressure column and the left tension column, maintaining appropriate tension. The electrode to be processed is fed to the layer close to the belt electrode with a wider cross-section of the grinding wheel for rough discharge grinding. After the machining is completed, the electrode to be processed is retracted. S3.1: The electrode to be machined is fed to the layer where the strip electrode with a narrower cross section of the grinding wheel is located, and fine-machining discharge grinding is performed. After the machining is completed, the electrode to be machined is retracted.

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