A heat manager, heat exchange method and new energy vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a heat manager, a heat exchange method and a new energy vehicle, and relates to the technical field of power battery heat management. The heat manager comprises an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder and an inner cylinder with a same central axis. An outer fin, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder form a plurality of outer flow channels parallel to the central axis. An inner fin, the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder form a plurality of inner flow channels parallel to the central axis. A plurality of jet holes are arranged on the middle cylinder. Heat exchange medium can enter the outer flow channels from one end of the outer cylinder, enter the inner flow channels in the form of jet impact, and flow out from both ends of the inner flow channels. The heat manager combines the advantages of micro-channel temperature control and jet impact temperature control, and has the advantages of quick reaction, accurate temperature control, small pressure drop loss, good uniform temperature performance and safe and stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power battery thermal management technology, and in particular to a thermal manager, heat exchange method and new energy vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the depletion of fossil fuels and the increasing severity of air pollution, the traditional fossil fuel-powered automotive industry is facing limitations. New energy electric vehicles, due to their independence from traditional fossil fuels and their clean and pollution-free operation, are gaining popularity. As a core component of new energy electric vehicles, the battery's charging and discharging performance is significantly affected by temperature. Suitable temperatures can not only improve battery power generation efficiency but also extend its lifespan, thereby enhancing the overall performance of new energy electric vehicles.

[0003] Currently, traditional methods for thermal management of batteries in new energy electric vehicles face problems such as high voltage drop losses, poor temperature control and uniformity, heavy systems, and slow response.

[0004] Therefore, how to design an efficient battery thermal management system is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a heat manager, a heat exchange method, and a new energy vehicle to solve the technical problem of how to design an efficient battery thermal management system in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a heat management system, comprising: an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an inner cylinder coaxial with a central axis.

[0008] The inner cylinder is used to house the target heat exchanger. Multiple outer fins are arranged in the outer annular cavity between the outer cylinder and the middle cylinder. The outer fins connect the outer cylinder and the middle cylinder, and the outer fins, middle cylinder and outer cylinder form multiple external flow channels parallel to the central axis.

[0009] Multiple inner fins are arranged in the inner annular cavity between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder. The inner fins connect the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, and the inner fins, the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder form multiple internal flow channels parallel to the central axis.

[0010] Multiple jet holes are provided on the middle cylinder so that the heat exchange medium in the outer channel can enter the inner channel by jet impact.

[0011] Optionally, the outer cylinder, middle cylinder, and inner cylinder are all cylindrical, and the included angles between the outer fins and between the inner fins are equal, with each outer fin having a corresponding inner fin on the same plane.

[0012] Optionally, the jet holes are arranged along the axial direction of the middle cylinder and located between two adjacent outer fins.

[0013] Optionally, the inner cylinder contains the target heat exchanger, and thermally conductive silicone grease is filled between the inner cylinder and the target heat exchanger.

[0014] Optionally, the heat manager also includes a first outlet box, a second outlet box, and an inlet box. Both the first and second outlet boxes are connected to all inner flow channels and are located at opposite ends of the inner cylinder's axial direction. The inlet box is connected to all outer flow channels and is located at either end of the outer cylinder's axial direction.

[0015] Optionally, the heat manager also includes an exhaust box, which communicates with all external flow channels and is located at the end of the outer cylinder furthest from the inlet box. The exhaust box is provided with a port that communicates with the external flow channels and is used to discharge non-condensable gases to allow the heat exchange medium to fill the heat manager.

[0016] Optionally, the inlet box is provided with a pipe opening that communicates with the external flow channel, and the pipe opening is used to discharge non-condensable gases so that the heat exchange medium fills the heat manager.

[0017] Optionally, the heat manager further includes a gas-liquid separation device, a compressor, an external heat exchanger, a throttling device, a first four-way valve, and a second four-way valve; the compressor outlet is connected to the first port of the first four-way valve, the external heat exchanger input is connected to the second port of the first four-way valve, the external heat exchanger output is connected to the first port of the second four-way valve through the throttling device, the second end of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet box, the first outlet box and the second outlet box are both connected to the third port of the second four-way valve, the fourth port of the second four-way valve is connected to the third port of the first four-way valve, and the fourth port of the first four-way valve is connected to the compressor inlet through the gas-liquid separation device.

[0018] During refrigeration, the first and second ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the first and second ports of the second four-way valve are connected, and the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve are connected.

[0019] During heating, the first and third ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the second and fourth ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the first and third ports of the second four-way valve are connected, and the second and fourth ports of the second four-way valve are connected.

[0020] Optionally, the inner cylinder contains a target heat exchanger, a temperature sensor is provided on the wall of the target heat exchanger, and a pressure sensor is provided in the heat manager. The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the controller to control the pressure in the heat manager according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure fed back by the pressure sensor, thereby controlling the temperature of the target heat exchanger within the operating temperature range.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a new energy vehicle, including the thermal manager of the first aspect.

[0022] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a heat exchange method for the heat manager of the first aspect. The heat exchange method includes: allowing a heat exchange medium to flow into one end of an outer annular cavity formed between the outer cylinder and the middle cylinder along the axial direction, passing through a jet hole and entering an inner flow channel in a jet manner, exchanging heat with the inner cylinder, and then flowing out from both ends of the inner flow channel along the axial direction of the inner cylinder from the inner annular cavity between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder.

[0023] Optionally, when the first temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the controller sends a first control command to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, connecting the first and second ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the first and second ports of the second four-way valve, and connecting the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve. The controller also generates a second control command based on the first pressure and the first temperature and sends it to the compressor, so that the compressor outputs heat exchange medium with the second pressure to the first port of the first four-way valve according to the second control command, and causes the heat exchange medium to flow sequentially through the second port of the first four-way valve, the external heat exchanger, the throttling device, the first and second ports of the second four-way valve, the inlet box, the external flow channel, the internal flow channel, the first and second outlet boxes, the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve, the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve, and the gas-liquid separation device, and then flows back to the compressor through the gas-liquid separation device. When the first temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller sends a third control command to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, connecting the first and third ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the second and fourth ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the first and third ports of the second four-way valve, and connecting the second and fourth ports of the second four-way valve. The controller also generates a fourth control command based on the first pressure and the first temperature and sends it to the compressor, so that the compressor outputs heat exchange medium with the third pressure to the first port of the first four-way valve according to the fourth control command. The heat exchange medium flows sequentially through the third port of the first four-way valve, the fourth and second ports of the second four-way valve, the inlet box, the outer flow channel, the inner flow channel, the first and second outlet boxes, the third and first ports of the second four-way valve, the throttling device, the external heat exchanger, the second and fourth ports of the second four-way valve, and the gas-liquid separator, and then flows back to the compressor through the gas-liquid separator.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: The heat manager, heat exchange method, and new energy vehicle provided in this application embodiment achieve heat exchange medium entering the inner channel in the form of a jet and exchanging heat with the target heat exchange component through jet orifices. This is a microchannel coupled jet heat exchange technology, which combines the advantages of microchannel temperature control and jet impact temperature control technologies. The inner channel, as a microchannel, has a large specific surface area, giving the battery box a large effective heat exchange area. Adding jets within the inner channel increases the turbulence of the fluid within the microchannel, further enhancing the heat exchange capacity. The presence of the microchannel slows down the decrease in the local heat transfer coefficient outside the direct jet impact area, improving heat exchange uniformity. In addition, the phase change heat transfer principle within the microchannel is fully utilized to achieve temperature control of the target heat exchange component, and the inner channel allows axial outflow, avoiding mutual interference between adjacent jets. It has advantages such as rapid response, precise temperature control, low pressure drop loss, good temperature uniformity, and safe and stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a heat manager structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery box and a cylindrical battery provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This application provides an embodiment of the internal disassembly structure diagram of a battery box; Figure 4 This application provides a schematic diagram of the internal heat exchange principle of a battery box. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a refrigeration operating condition provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a heating operation as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Cover plate, 13-Round hole, 14, 15-Outlet; 2-First fluid collection cavity; 3-First partition plate, 31-Circular hole; 4-Second fluid collection chamber; 41, 42-Pipe openings; 5-Second partition plate, 51-Circular hole; 6-Heat exchange unit, 68-Outer cylinder, 62-Middle cylinder, 64-Inner cylinder, 66-Outer fins, 61-Outer flow channel, 65-Inner fins, 63-Inner flow channel, 67-Jet hole; 7-Third partition plate, 71-Pipe opening, 72-Round hole; 8 - Inlet box of the third fluid collection chamber; 81, 82 - Pipe ports; 9-Fourth partition plate, 91-Circular hole; 10 - Fourth fluid collection chamber; 11-Base plate, 111, 112-Outlet, 113-Round hole; 12-Target heat exchanger; Among them, cover plate 1, first fluid collection chamber 2 and first partition plate 3 can be regarded as first outlet box; bottom plate 11, fourth fluid collection chamber 10 and fourth partition plate 9 can be regarded as second outlet box; third partition plate 7, third fluid collection chamber 8 and fourth partition plate 9 can be regarded as inlet box; first partition plate 3, second fluid collection chamber 4 and second partition plate 5 can be regarded as exhaust box. 01-Battery box, 02-Pipe port, 03-Pipe port, 04-Pipe port, 05-Pipeline, 06-Throttling device, 07-External heat exchanger, 08-Four-way valve, 09-Compressor, 010-Gas-liquid separator, 011-Pipeline, 012-Four-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The term "connection" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0031] Existing methods for thermal management of batteries in new energy electric vehicles face problems such as large voltage drop losses, poor temperature control and uniformity, heavy systems, and slow response.

[0032] To overcome the above problems, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a heat management system, including an outer cylinder 68, a middle cylinder 62, and an inner cylinder 64, all coaxial.

[0033] The inner cylinder 64 is used to accommodate the target heat exchanger 12. Multiple outer fins 66 are provided in the outer annular cavity between the outer cylinder 68 and the middle cylinder 62. The outer fins 66 connect the outer cylinder 68 and the middle cylinder 62. The outer fins 66, the middle cylinder 62 and the outer cylinder 68 form multiple external flow channels 61 parallel to the central axis.

[0034] Multiple inner fins 65 are provided in the inner annular cavity between the inner cylinder 64 and the middle cylinder 62. The inner fins 65 connect the inner cylinder 64 and the middle cylinder 62, and the inner fins 65, the middle cylinder 62 and the inner cylinder 64 form multiple internal flow channels 63 parallel to the central axis.

[0035] The middle cylinder 62 is provided with multiple jet holes 67 so that the heat exchange medium of the outer flow channel 61 enters the inner flow channel 63 by jet impact.

[0036] Heat exchange occurs in the inner flow channel 63 through a phase change, such as vaporization during refrigeration. To improve heat transfer from the target heat exchanger 12, thermally conductive silicone grease can be filled between the inner cylinder 64 and the target heat exchanger 12.

[0037] Accordingly, this application provides a heat exchange method, comprising: allowing the heat exchange medium to flow into one end of the outer annular cavity formed between the outer cylinder 68 and the middle cylinder 62 along the axial direction, passing through the jet hole 67 and entering the inner flow channel 63 by jetting, exchanging heat with the inner cylinder 64, and then flowing out from both ends of the inner annular cavity between the inner cylinder 64 and the middle cylinder 62 along the height direction.

[0038] Microchannel coupled jet heat transfer technology, which uses jet orifices to allow the heat exchange medium to enter the inner channel in a jet manner and exchange heat with the target heat exchange component, combines the advantages of microchannel temperature control and jet impingement temperature control. The inner channel, acting as a microchannel, has a large specific surface area, resulting in a large effective heat exchange area for the battery box. Adding jets within the inner channel increases the turbulence of the fluid within the microchannel, further enhancing the heat exchange capacity. The presence of the microchannels also slows down the decrease in the local heat transfer coefficient outside the direct jet impact area, improving heat exchange uniformity. Furthermore, it fully utilizes the phase change heat transfer principle within the microchannel to control the temperature of the target heat exchange component, and the inner channel allows axial outflow, avoiding mutual interference between adjacent jets. It offers advantages such as rapid response, precise temperature control, low pressure drop loss, good temperature uniformity, and safe and stable operation.

[0039] To accommodate cylindrical battery cells as the target heat exchanger 12, the outer cylinder 68, middle cylinder 62, and inner cylinder 64 can all be cylindrical. The included angles between the outer fins 66 and between the inner fins 65 are equal, and each outer fin 66 has a corresponding inner fin 65 on the same plane. Each inner flow channel 63 corresponds to an outer flow channel 61, and each inner flow channel 63 and each outer flow channel 61 are of equal size, resulting in uniform flow and pressure around the perimeter, thus achieving more uniform heat exchange.

[0040] The jet holes 67 can be arranged along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 62 and located between two adjacent outer fins 66. This means that the heat exchange medium can flow from the middle of the outer flow channel 61 rather than near the fins to the middle of the inner flow channel 63. Flowing away from the fins can reduce resistance. The heat exchange medium can also be called a refrigerant.

[0041] The outer cylinder 68, middle cylinder 62, inner cylinder 64, outer fins 66, and inner fins 65 can serve as a single heat exchange unit. A heat manager may include multiple such heat exchange units.

[0042] One implementation method is as follows Figure 2 A cylindrical battery, serving as the target heat exchanger 12, is inserted into multiple heat exchange units. In this case, the thermal manager functions similarly to the battery box of a new energy vehicle. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 The heat manager includes: The cover plate 1 has circular holes 13 for fixing the inner cylinders 64 of each heat exchange unit 6. The circular holes 13 on the cover plate 1 are arranged in a staggered manner. The inner diameter of the circular holes 13 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinders 64 of the heat exchange unit 6 to facilitate the passage of the inner cylinders 64. The contact gap between the circular holes 13 and the inner cylinders 64 is sealed with sealant. In addition, two refrigerant outlets 14 and 15 are provided at the left and right ends of the cover plate 1.

[0043] The first fluid collection chamber 2 is located below the cover plate 1 and, together with the wall surface of the inner cylinder 64 of each heat exchange unit 6, collects the refrigerant flowing out of each heat exchange unit 6 after heat exchange.

[0044] The first partition plate 3 has circular holes 31 for fixing the inner cylinders 62 of each heat exchange unit 6. The circular holes 31 on the first partition plate 3 are arranged in an alternating manner. The position of the circular holes 31 corresponds to the position of the circular holes 13 on the cover plate 1. The inner diameter of the circular holes 31 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinders 62 of the heat exchange unit 6 to facilitate the passage of the inner cylinders 62. The contact gap between the circular holes 31 and the inner cylinders 62 is sealed with sealant.

[0045] The second fluid collection chamber 4, located below the first partition plate 3 and together with the wall of the middle cylinder 62 of each heat exchange unit 6, is used to redistribute the flow of refrigerant before it enters each heat exchange unit 6, improving the uniformity of refrigerant flow distribution in each heat exchange unit 6. Two ports 41 and 42 are provided at the left and right ends of this chamber to remove non-condensable gases. Specifically, during initial manufacturing and assembly or periodic maintenance, refrigerant is injected into the chamber and pipes, and the air is expelled through ports 41 and 42, ensuring that the refrigerant fills the entire heat exchanger and preventing air bubbles from damaging the compressor. During normal operation, ports 41 and 42 are closed.

[0046] The second partition plate 5 has circular holes 51 for fixing the outer cylinders 68 of each heat exchange unit 6. The circular holes 51 on the second partition plate 5 are arranged in an alternating manner. The positions of the circular holes 51 correspond to the positions of the circular holes on the cover plate 1 and the first partition plate 3. The inner diameter of the circular holes 51 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinders 68 of the heat exchange unit 6 to facilitate the passage of the outer cylinders 68. The contact gap between the circular holes 51 and the outer cylinders 68 is sealed with sealant.

[0047] The heat exchange units 6 are arranged in an alternating manner, with the position of each heat exchange unit 6 corresponding to the position of the round holes on the cover plate 1, the first partition plate 3, and the second partition plate 5.

[0048] The third partition plate 7 has a pipe opening 71 at one end, which serves as the refrigerant inlet for the entire battery box temperature control system. The third partition plate 7 has circular holes 72 for fixing the outer cylinders 68 of each heat exchange unit 6. The circular holes 72 on the third partition plate 7 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the positions of the circular holes 72 correspond to the positions of the circular holes on the cover plate 1, the first partition plate 3, and the second partition plate 5. The inner diameter of the circular holes 72 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinders 68 of the heat exchange unit 6 to facilitate the passage of the outer cylinders 68. The contact gap between the circular holes 72 and the outer cylinders 68 is sealed with sealant.

[0049] The third fluid collection chamber 8, located below the third partition plate 7, together with the wall of the middle cylinder 62 of each heat exchange unit 6, distributes the refrigerant flow among the heat exchange units 6. Two ports 81 and 82 are provided at the left and right ends of this chamber to expel non-condensable gases from within.

[0050] The fourth partition plate 9 has circular holes 91 for fixing the inner cylinders 62 of each heat exchange unit 6. The circular holes 91 on the fourth partition plate 9 are arranged in an alternating manner. The positions of the circular holes 91 correspond to the positions of the circular holes on the cover plate 1, the first partition plate 3, the second partition plate 5, and the third partition plate 7. The inner diameter of the circular holes 91 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinders 62 of the heat exchange unit 6 to facilitate the passage of the inner cylinders 62. The contact gap between the circular holes 91 and the inner cylinders 62 is sealed with sealant.

[0051] The fourth fluid collection chamber 10 is located below the fourth partition plate 9 and, together with the wall surface of the inner cylinder 64 of each heat exchange unit 6, collects the refrigerant flowing out of each heat exchange unit 6 after heat exchange.

[0052] The base plate 11 has circular holes 113 for fixing the inner cylinders 64 of each heat exchange unit 6. The circular holes 113 on the base plate 11 are arranged in a staggered manner. The inner diameter of the circular holes 113 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinders 64 of the heat exchange unit 6 to facilitate the passage of the inner cylinders 64. The contact gap between the circular holes and the inner cylinders 64 is sealed with sealant. In addition, two refrigerant outlets 111 and 112 are provided at the left and right ends of the base plate 11.

[0053] Cover plate 1, first fluid collection chamber 2 and first partition plate 3 can be regarded as first outlet box; bottom plate 11, fourth fluid collection chamber 10 and fourth partition plate 9 can be regarded as second outlet box; third partition plate 7, third fluid collection chamber 8 and fourth partition plate 9 can be regarded as inlet box.

[0054] The instantaneous heat exchanger may include a first outlet box, a second outlet box, and an inlet box. Both the first and second outlet boxes are connected to all inner flow channels 63, with the first outlet box located at both ends of the inner cylinder 64 along the axial direction. The inlet box is connected to all outer flow channels 61 and is located at either end of the outer cylinder 68 along the axial direction. However, the first outlet box, second outlet box, and inlet box are not limited to the above-described forms. The inlet for removing non-condensable gases from the interior may also be located in other positions.

[0055] The first partition 3, the second fluid collecting chamber 4, and the second partition 5 can be regarded as an exhaust box. The exhaust box is connected to all the external flow channels 61 and is located at the end of the inner cylinder 64 away from the inlet box. The first partition 3, the second fluid collecting chamber 4, and the second partition 5 can also be provided with inlet pipes to serve as another inlet box; or the first partition 3 can be used to directly seal the opposite end of the inlet box of the external flow channel 61, that is, the second fluid collecting chamber 4 and the second partition 5 can be omitted.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the heat exchange principle of the heat manager is as follows: When the battery requires cooling, the battery compartment enters cooling mode. At this time, liquid refrigerant first flows into the third collecting chamber 8 through port 71, then flows to the right and enters each heat exchange unit 6. The liquid refrigerant entering each heat exchange unit 6 first flows upward along the microchannels 61 in the outer annular cavity, and under pressure, passes through the circular holes on the wall of the inner cylinder 62 of the heat exchange unit 6, entering the microchannels 63 in the inner annular cavity via jet impact, where it exchanges heat with the battery. The battery temperature can be measured by a temperature sensor placed on the battery wall, and the system pressure is measured by a pressure sensor. The remaining liquid refrigerant in the microchannels 61 outside each heat exchange unit 6 finally collects in the second collecting chamber 4, where non-condensable gases can be vented through ports located at the left and right ends of the second and third collecting chambers. The liquid refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the microchannels 63 inside each heat exchange unit 6, absorbs heat from the battery and undergoes a vaporization phase change, becoming a gas-liquid two-phase flow. It flows towards both ends of the microchannels 63 and collects in the first collection chamber 2 and the fourth collection chamber 10, respectively. Finally, it is discharged from the system through the pipes located at the left and right ends of the collection chambers.

[0057] When the battery needs heating, the battery box enters heating mode. At this time, the gaseous refrigerant first flows into the third collecting chamber 8 through port 71, then flows to the right and enters each heat exchange unit 6. The gaseous refrigerant entering each heat exchange unit 6 first flows upward along the microchannels 61 in the outer annular cavity, and under pressure, passes through the circular holes on the wall of the inner cylinder 62 of the heat exchange unit 6, entering the microchannels 63 in the inner annular cavity in a jet-like manner, where it exchanges heat with the battery. The battery temperature can be measured by a temperature sensor placed on the battery wall, and the system pressure is measured by a pressure sensor. The remaining gaseous refrigerant in the microchannels 61 outside each heat exchange unit 6 finally collects in the second collecting chamber 4, where the non-condensable gases can be vented through the ports located at the left and right ends of the second and third collecting chambers. The gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat in the microchannels 63 inside each heat exchange unit 6, releases heat to the cold battery wall and undergoes a liquefaction phase change, becoming a gas-liquid two-phase flow. It flows towards both ends of the microchannels 63 and collects in the first collection chamber 2 and the fourth collection chamber 10 respectively. Finally, it is discharged from the system through the pipes located at the left and right ends of the collection chambers.

[0058] Both cooling and heating can be powered by a compressor. In one embodiment where the pipeline is connected to the compressor, the heat manager includes an external circulation pipeline and a battery box. The external circulation pipeline includes a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, an external heat exchanger, a throttling device, a first four-way valve, and a second four-way valve.

[0059] The outlet of compressor 09 is connected to the first port of the first four-way valve 08. The input of external heat exchanger 07 is connected to the second port of the first four-way valve 08. The output of external heat exchanger 07 is connected to the first port of the second four-way valve 012 through the throttling device 06. The second end of the second four-way valve 012 is connected to the inlet box. The first outlet box and the second outlet box are both connected to the third port of the second four-way valve 012. The fourth port of the second four-way valve 012 is connected to the third port of the first four-way valve 08. The fourth port of the first four-way valve 08 is connected to the inlet of compressor 09 through the gas-liquid separation device.

[0060] The inner cylinder can be configured to house a target heat exchanger, with a temperature sensor mounted on the wall of the target heat exchanger. A pressure sensor is installed in the heat exchanger, and both the pressure and temperature sensors are electrically connected to the controller. The pressure sensor can be located at the compressor outlet or elsewhere along the refrigerant flow path. The controller can obtain a first temperature from the temperature sensor and a first pressure from the pressure sensor.

[0061] The working principle of the external circulation pipeline is as follows: like Figure 5As shown, when the battery needs to be cooled down, the system operates in cooling mode. That is, when the first temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the controller sends a first control command to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, so that the first port and the second port of the first four-way valve are connected, the third port and the fourth port of the first four-way valve are connected, the first port and the second port of the second four-way valve are connected, and the third port and the fourth port of the second four-way valve are connected.

[0062] At this point, the connection positions of four-way valves 08 and 012 in the pipeline are shown in the figure. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 09 passes through four-way valve 08 and enters the external heat exchanger 07 for condensation, then becomes liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant passes through throttling device 06 and four-way valve 012, through pipeline 011, and enters the battery box 01 through port 03. Port 02 on the battery box is used to remove non-condensable gases from the refrigerant. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the battery in the battery box, undergoing an evaporative vaporization phase change. After cooling the battery, the refrigerant is discharged through port 04 on the battery box and enters pipeline 05. Then, it passes sequentially through four-way valve 012, four-way valve 08, and gas-liquid separator 010, finally flowing back to compressor 09 for the next cycle.

[0063] The controller can also generate a second control command based on the first pressure and the first temperature and send it to the compressor, so that the compressor outputs heat exchange medium with a second pressure to the first port of the first four-way valve according to the second control command.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, when the battery needs to be heated, the system operates in heating mode. That is, when the first temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller sends a third control command to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, so that the first port and the third port of the first four-way valve are connected, the second port and the fourth port of the first four-way valve are connected, the first port and the third port of the second four-way valve are connected, and the second port and the fourth port of the second four-way valve are connected.

[0065] At this point, the connection positions of four-way valves 08 and 012 in the pipeline are shown in the figure. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 09 passes sequentially through four-way valve 08 and four-way valve 012, then through pipeline 011, and enters the battery compartment 01 through port 03. Port 02 on the battery compartment is used to expel non-condensable gases from the refrigerant. Inside the battery compartment, the refrigerant releases heat to the cold battery walls, undergoing a condensation-liquefaction phase change. After heating the battery, the refrigerant is discharged through port 04 on the battery compartment and enters pipeline 05. Then, it passes again through four-way valve 012 and throttling device 06, entering the external heat exchanger 07, where it absorbs external heat and undergoes an evaporation-gasification phase change. The gaseous refrigerant passes through four-way valve 08 and gas-liquid separator 010, finally flowing back to compressor 09 for the next cycle.

[0066] The controller also generates a fourth control command based on the first pressure and the first temperature and sends it to the compressor so that the compressor outputs heat exchange medium with a third pressure to the first port of the first four-way valve according to the fourth control command.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a new energy vehicle, including the aforementioned thermal manager.

[0068] The apparatus and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement these embodiments without any creative effort.

[0069] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal manager, characterized in that, include: Outer cylinder, middle cylinder, and inner cylinder with the same central axis; The inner cylinder is used to house the target heat exchanger. Multiple outer fins are provided in the outer annular cavity between the outer cylinder and the middle cylinder. The outer fins connect the outer cylinder and the middle cylinder, and the outer fins, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder form multiple external flow channels parallel to the central axis. Multiple inner fins are provided in the inner annular cavity between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder. The inner fins connect the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, and the inner fins, the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder form multiple inner flow channels parallel to the central axis. The middle cylinder is provided with multiple jet holes so that the heat exchange medium of the outer flow channel enters the inner flow channel in the manner of jet impact; The heat manager also includes a first outlet box, a second outlet box, an inlet box, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, an external heat exchanger, a throttling device, a first four-way valve, and a second four-way valve; The first outlet box and the second outlet box are both connected to all the inner flow channels, and the first outlet box and the second outlet box are respectively located at both ends of the axial direction of the inner cylinder; the inlet box is connected to all the outer flow channels and is located at any end of the axial direction of the outer cylinder; The compressor outlet is connected to the first port of the first four-way valve, the external heat exchanger input is connected to the second port of the first four-way valve, the external heat exchanger output is connected to the first port of the second four-way valve through the throttling device, the second end of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet box, both the first and second outlet boxes are connected to the third port of the second four-way valve, the fourth port of the second four-way valve is connected to the third port of the first four-way valve, and the fourth port of the first four-way valve is connected to the compressor inlet through the gas-liquid separation device. During refrigeration, the first and second ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the first and second ports of the second four-way valve are connected, and the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve are connected. During heating, the first and third ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the second and fourth ports of the first four-way valve are connected, the first and third ports of the second four-way valve are connected, and the second and fourth ports of the second four-way valve are connected.

2. The thermal manager as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder, middle cylinder, and inner cylinder are all cylindrical. The included angles between the outer fins and between the inner fins are equal. Each outer fin has a corresponding inner fin on the same plane.

3. The heat management system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The jet holes are arranged along the axial direction of the middle cylinder and are located between two adjacent outer fins.

4. The thermal manager as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder contains the target heat exchanger, and thermally conductive silicone grease is filled between the inner cylinder and the target heat exchanger.

5. The thermal manager as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat manager also includes an exhaust box located at the end of the outer cylinder away from the inlet box and connected to all the external flow channels; the exhaust box is provided with a pipe opening connected to the external flow channels and the pipe opening is used to discharge non-condensable gases so that the heat exchange medium fills the heat manager.

6. The thermal manager as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet box is provided with a pipe opening, which is connected to the external flow channel, and the pipe opening is used to discharge non-condensable gases so that the heat exchange medium fills the heat manager.

7. The thermal manager as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder houses the target heat exchanger, and a temperature sensor is installed on the wall of the target heat exchanger. A pressure sensor is installed in the heat management system. The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the controller to control the pressure in the heat management system based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure fed back by the pressure sensor, thereby controlling the temperature of the target heat exchanger within the operating temperature range.

8. A heat exchange method, characterized in that, The heat exchange method, applied to the heat manager of claim 7, comprises: The controller obtains a first temperature based on the temperature sensor and a first pressure based on the pressure sensor; When the first temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the controller sends a first control command to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, connecting the first and second ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the first and second ports of the second four-way valve, and connecting the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve. The controller also generates a second control command based on the first pressure and the first temperature and sends it to the compressor, so that the compressor outputs a heat exchange medium with a second pressure to the first port of the first four-way valve according to the second control command. The heat exchange medium flows sequentially through the second port of the first four-way valve, the external heat exchanger, the throttling device, the first and second ports of the second four-way valve, the inlet box, the external flow channel, the internal flow channel, the first and second outlet boxes, the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve, the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve, and the gas-liquid separator, and then flows back to the compressor through the gas-liquid separator. When the first temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller sends a third control command to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, connecting the first and third ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the second and fourth ports of the first four-way valve, connecting the first and third ports of the second four-way valve, and connecting the second and fourth ports of the second four-way valve. The controller also generates a fourth control command based on the first pressure and the first temperature and sends it to the compressor, so that the compressor outputs a heat exchange medium with a third pressure to the first port of the first four-way valve according to the fourth control command. The heat exchange medium flows sequentially through the third port of the first four-way valve, the fourth and second ports of the second four-way valve, the inlet box, the outer flow channel, the inner flow channel, the first and second outlet boxes, the third and first ports of the second four-way valve, the throttling device, the external heat exchanger, the second and fourth ports of the second four-way valve, and the gas-liquid separation device, and then flows back to the compressor through the gas-liquid separation device. When the heat exchange medium flows from the outer channel into the inner channel, it enters the inner channel through the jet hole and by jetting.

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