A communication system and method for analyte data

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods for wireless communication of analyte data are disclosed. In this regard, in an embodiment, a mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. The mobile device also includes a non-transitory computer readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a variety of operations. One such operation is obtaining a derivative of a first signal received via a first link. Another such operation is obtaining a derivative of a second signal received via a second link. Another such operation is generating a selection for connecting to an analyte sensor system based on a comparison of the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of patent application filed on October 12, 2017, with application number 201780062025.6 and entitled "Communication System and Method for Analyzing Object Data".

[0002] Incorporation of related applications by reference

[0003] Any and all priority claims listed in the application data sheet or any correction thereof are incorporated herein by reference in accordance with 37 CFR 1.57. This application claims U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 409,677, filed October 18, 2016. The foregoing application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and is expressly formed part of this specification. Technical Field

[0004] This disclosure generally relates to monitoring the values ​​of analytes received from sensors. More specifically, this disclosure is directed to systems, methods, apparatus, and devices for communicating analyte (e.g., glucose) data. Background Technology

[0005] Diabetes is a condition in which the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin (type 1 or insulin-dependent) and / or insulin is ineffective (type 2 or non-insulin-dependent). In diabetes, the patient suffers from hyperglycemia, which causes a host of physiological disturbances associated with the deterioration of small blood vessels (kidney failure, skin ulcers, or vitreous hemorrhage). Hypoglycemia can be induced by unintentional overdose of insulin, or by excessive exercise or insufficient food intake following a normal dose of insulin or a glucose-lowering agent.

[0006] Typically, people with diabetes carry self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) monitors, which usually require an uncomfortable finger-prick method. Due to this lack of comfort and convenience, people with diabetes will typically only measure their glucose levels two to four times a day. The downside is that these time intervals are too widely spaced, meaning that people with diabetes may be warned of high or low blood sugar too late, sometimes leading to dangerous side effects. In fact, due to the limitations of the conventional method, people with diabetes are not only unlikely to obtain SMBG values ​​in a timely manner, but they also won't know whether their blood glucose level is rising (higher) or falling (lower).

[0007] Therefore, various non-invasive, transdermal (e.g., percutaneous) and / or implantable electrochemical sensors are being developed for the continuous detection and / or quantification of blood glucose levels. These devices generally transmit raw or minimally processed data for subsequent analysis at a remote device, which may include a display. Transmission to the wireless display device may be wireless.

[0008] Battery life of the transmitters that work in conjunction with the sensors is often a concern, especially when transmitting glucose and other analyte data wirelessly using implanted sensors. To conserve battery life or increase efficiency associated with transmitting glucose and other analyte data, transmission may need to be intermittent. However, intermittent transmission of monitored data introduces reliability issues. In some cases, reliability is sacrificed due to battery life limitations in conventional sensor systems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In a first aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes a display device receiving input that identifies an analyte sensor system among a set of analyte sensor systems. The method further includes the display device selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the input.

[0010] In certain embodiments of the first aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the first aspect, the input is identification information associated with the analyte sensor system. The identification information may contain a string of numbers associated with the analyte sensor system. In embodiments, the input uniquely identifies the analyte sensor system. In embodiments, the input is received from a user via a GUI of a display device.

[0011] In certain embodiments of the first aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the first aspect, the method further includes presenting a list of one or more discoverable analyte sensor systems from a set of analyte sensor systems via a GUI. In an embodiment, the display device selects an analyte sensor system for connection in response to a user manually selecting an analyte sensor system from the list using a touchscreen interface of the GUI and the display device. In an embodiment, the list contains corresponding identification information for one or more discoverable analyte sensor systems. In an embodiment, the identification information includes at least one of graphics, symbols, codes, and strings.

[0012] In certain embodiments where the first aspect is generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the first aspect, the input is based on one of an coded element and an image. The coded element may comprise one of capacitive ink, a barcode, a QR code, and a sticker. In an embodiment, the display device receives input comprising a coded element scanned from an analyte sensor system or the product packaging of an analyte sensor system.

[0013] In a second aspect, the mobile device is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The mobile device includes a touchscreen, a camera, a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals, and a processor operatively coupled to the touchscreen, camera, and transceiver. The processor is configured to cause the display device to perform multiple operations. One such operation involves receiving input from one or more of the touchscreen and camera to identify an analyte sensor system from a set of analyte sensing systems. Another such operation involves selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the input.

[0014] In certain embodiments of the second aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the second aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the GUI of the display device to present a list of one or more discoverable analyte sensor systems from a set of analyte sensor systems. In embodiments, the processor is also configured to cause the touchscreen to receive manual input from the user based on the list presented via the GUI of the display device.

[0015] In certain embodiments where the second aspect is generally applicable but also particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the second aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the camera of the touchscreen or display device to receive input from one or more of the coded elements and the image.

[0016] In a third aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes a display device receiving a first signal from an analyte sensor system in a set of analyte sensor systems. The first signal is received via a first link. The method further includes the display device determining a derivative of the first signal. Additionally, the method includes the display device identifying an analyte sensor system for selection based on the derivative of the first signal.

[0017] In certain embodiments of the third aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the third aspect, identifying an analyte sensor system for selection includes comparing the derivative of a first signal with a first threshold. In embodiments, identifying an analyte sensor system for selection further includes determining whether the derivative of the first signal at least satisfies the first threshold. In embodiments, the method further includes selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on determining that the derivative of the first signal at least satisfies the first threshold.

[0018] In certain embodiments of the third aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the third aspect, the method further includes a display device receiving a second signal from the analyte sensor system. The signal may be received via a second link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device determining the derivative of the second signal. Additionally, the method may include selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the derivative of the second signal. In some cases, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection includes comparing the derivative of the second signal with a second threshold. Selecting an analyte sensor system for connection may also include determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the second threshold. In embodiments, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection is completed in response to determining that the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the second threshold.

[0019] In certain embodiments of the third aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the third aspect, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection further includes comparing the derivative of a first signal with a second threshold; determining whether the derivative of the first signal at least does not satisfy the second threshold. In an embodiment, the selection of an analyte sensor system for connection is completed in response to determining that the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the second threshold and the derivative of the first signal at least does not satisfy the second threshold.

[0020] In certain embodiments of the third aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the third aspect, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection includes comparing the derivative of a second signal with a first threshold. In an embodiment, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection further includes determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least does not satisfy the first threshold. In an embodiment, the selection of an analyte sensor system for connection is completed in response to determining that the derivative of the second signal at least does not satisfy the first threshold.

[0021] In certain embodiments of the third aspect that are generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the third aspect, the derivative of the first signal is based on the signal strength of the first signal. In some cases, the derivative of the first signal is a Received Signal Strength Indication (“RSSI”) associated with the first signal. In some cases, the derivative of the second signal is based on the signal strength of the second signal. The derivative of the second signal may include the RSSI associated with the second signal.

[0022] In certain embodiments of the third aspect that are generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the third aspect, the derivative of the first signal is based on the bit error rate (“BER”) associated with the first signal. In some cases, the derivative of the second signal is based on the BER associated with the second signal. The derivative of the second signal may include the BER associated with the second signal.

[0023] In the fourth aspect, a mobile device is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. Furthermore, the mobile device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause a display device to perform a series of operations. One such operation is receiving a first signal from an analyte sensor system in a set of analyte sensor systems via a first link. Another such operation is determining the derivative of the first signal. Yet another such operation is identifying analyte sensor systems for selection based on the derivative of the first signal.

[0024] In certain embodiments of the fourth aspect that are generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the display device to perform other operations. One such operation is comparing the derivative of a first signal with a first threshold. Another such operation is determining whether the derivative of the first signal at least satisfies the first threshold. Yet another such operation is selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on determining that the derivative of the first signal at least satisfies the first threshold.

[0025] In certain embodiments of the fourth aspect that are generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the display device to perform other operations. One such operation is receiving a second signal from an analyte sensor system. Another such operation is determining the derivative of the second signal. Yet another such operation is selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the derivative of the second signal. In an embodiment, another such operation is comparing the derivative of the second signal with a second threshold. In an embodiment, yet another such operation is determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the second threshold. The display device may further select an analyte sensor system for connection based on determining that the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the second threshold.

[0026] In certain embodiments of the fourth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the display device to perform other operations. One such operation is comparing the derivative of a first signal with a second threshold. Another such operation is determining whether the derivative of the first signal at least does not satisfy the second threshold. In an embodiment, yet another such operation is further selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on determining that the derivative of the first signal at least does not satisfy the second threshold.

[0027] In certain embodiments of the fourth aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the display device to perform other operations. One such operation is comparing the derivative of a second signal with a first threshold. Another such operation is determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least does not satisfy the first threshold. Yet another such operation is further selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on determining that the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the first threshold.

[0028] In a fifth aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes a display device receiving a first signal from an analyte sensor system in a set of analyte sensor systems. The first signal is received via a first link. The method further includes the display device obtaining a derivative of the first signal. Furthermore, the method includes the display device identifying an analyte sensor system for selection based on a derivative of the first signal that satisfies or exceeds a lower threshold.

[0029] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on a derivative of a first signal that satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold. In an embodiment, the method further includes a display device receiving a second signal from the analyte sensor system. The second signal may be received via a second link. In an embodiment, the method further includes a display device obtaining the derivative of the second signal. Selection of an analyte sensor system for connection may also be based on a derivative of the second signal that is below a lower threshold.

[0030] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes a display device receiving a second signal from an analyte sensor system. In one embodiment, the second signal is received via a second link. In another embodiment, the second signal is received via a first link. In yet another embodiment, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of the second signal. The method may also include the display device selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on a derivative of the second signal that satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold. In some cases, the selection of an analyte sensor system for connection is also based on a derivative of the first signal that does not satisfy or exceed an upper threshold.

[0031] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes generating an indication for configuring the display device according to the second link based on the derivative of the first signal being below an upper threshold. In embodiments, the indication includes communication representing a command to move the display device closer to the analyte sensor system. The method may also include a shifting device providing an indication to a user of the display device. The indication includes one or more of auditory communication, visual communication, and tactile communication.

[0032] In certain embodiments where the fifth aspect is generally applicable but also particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes generating an indication for configuring the display device according to the second link based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold.

[0033] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method includes a display device receiving a third signal from an analyte sensor system, wherein the third signal is received via a third link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of the third signal. Furthermore, the method may include the display device selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the derivative of the third signal being below a lower threshold.

[0034] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method includes a display device receiving a third signal from an analyte sensor system, wherein the third signal is received via a third link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of the third signal. The display device may select an analyte sensor system for connection based on the derivative of the third signal being below a lower threshold.

[0035] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes a display device receiving a second signal from an analyte sensor system, wherein the second signal is received via a second link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of the second signal. Additionally, the method may include the display device selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on a comparison of the derivative of the second signal and the derivative of a first signal. In embodiments, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection is also based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold, wherein the derivative of the second signal is less than the derivative of the first signal. In embodiments, selecting an analyte sensor system for connection is also based on the derivative of the second signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold, wherein the derivative of the first signal is less than the derivative of the second signal.

[0036] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes a display device receiving a third signal from an analyte sensor system, wherein the third signal is received via a third link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of the third signal. Additionally, the display device may select an analyte sensor system for connection based on a comparison of the derivative of the third signal and the derivative of a second signal. In embodiments of the method, the derivative of the second signal exceeds an upper threshold, and the derivative of the third signal is less than the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments of the method, the derivative of the second signal falls below an upper threshold, and the derivative of the third signal is greater than the derivative of the second signal.

[0037] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method further includes the display device transmitting a first response signal to the analyte sensor system via a first link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of the first response signal. Furthermore, the display device may identify an analyte sensor system for selection based on a comparison of the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the first response signal. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device receiving the derivative of the first response signal from the analyte sensor system, wherein the derivative of the first response signal is generated by the analyte sensor system.

[0038] In certain embodiments of the fifth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the fifth aspect, each analyte sensor system includes a wake-up circuit that initiates the transmission of an notification signal after a predetermined amount of time following connection from the sensor to the sensor electronics module of the analyte system. In these embodiments, the predetermined amount of time is common to the analyte sensor systems.

[0039] In a sixth aspect, the mobile device is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device also includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. Additionally, the mobile device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause a display device to perform a series of operations. One such operation is receiving a first signal from an analyte sensor system in a set of analyte sensor systems via a first link. Another such operation is obtaining the derivative of the first signal. Yet another such operation is identifying analyte sensor systems for selection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold.

[0040] In certain embodiments of the sixth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the sixth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the display device to perform other operations. One such operation is selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the derivative of a first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. Another such operation is receiving a second signal from the analyte sensor system via a second link. Yet another such operation is obtaining the derivative of the second signal. Yet another such operation is further selecting an analyte sensor system for connection based on the derivative of the second signal being below a lower threshold or satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. Yet another such operation is generating an instruction for configuring the display device according to the second link based on determining that the derivative of the first signal is below an upper threshold. Yet another such operation is generating an instruction for configuring the display device according to the second link based on determining that the derivative of the first signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes an analyte sensor system receiving a first signal from a set of display devices, wherein the first signal is received via a first link. The method further includes the analyte sensor system identifying a display device for selection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold.

[0042] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes selecting a display device for connection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving a second signal from the display device. The second signal may be received via a second link. Selection of the display device for connection may also be based on the derivative of the second signal being below a lower threshold.

[0043] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving a second signal from a display device. The second signal may be received via a second link. The second signal may be received via a first link. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system obtaining the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system selecting a display device for connection based on the derivative of the second signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. Selection of a display device for connection may also be based on the derivative of the first signal not satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold.

[0044] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes generating an indication for configuring a display device according to a second link based on the derivative of a first signal being below an upper threshold. The indication may include communication representing a command to move the display device closer to the analyte sensor system. In embodiments, the method further includes sending the indication to a shifting device to provide the indication to a user of the display device. The indication may include one or more of auditory, visual, and tactile communication. In embodiments, the method further includes generating an indication for configuring a display device according to a second link based on the derivative of a first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold.

[0045] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving a third signal from a display device, wherein the third signal is received via a third link. The method may also include the analyte sensor system obtaining the derivative of the third signal. The analyte sensor system selecting a display device for connection may also be based on the derivative of the third signal being below a lower threshold.

[0046] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving a third signal from a display device, wherein the third signal is received via a third link. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system determining the derivative of the third signal. The analyte sensor system may also select a display device for connection based on the derivative of the third signal being below a lower threshold.

[0047] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving a second signal from a display device. The second signal may be received via a second link. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system obtaining the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system selecting a display device for connection based on a comparison of the derivative of the second signal and the derivative of the first signal. The selection of a display device for connection may also be based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a threshold, wherein the derivative of the second signal is less than the derivative of the first signal. The selection of a display device for connection may also be based on the derivative of the second signal satisfying or exceeding a threshold, wherein the derivative of the first signal is less than the derivative of the second signal.

[0048] In certain embodiments of the seventh aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes the analyte sensor system receiving a third signal from a display device. The third signal may be received via a third link. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system obtaining the derivative of the third signal. The analyte sensor system selecting a display device for connection may also be based on a comparison of the derivative of the third signal and the derivative of a second signal. In embodiments, the derivative of the second signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold, and the derivative of the third signal is less than the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments, the derivative of the second signal falls below the upper threshold, and the derivative of the third signal is greater than the derivative of the second signal.

[0049] In certain embodiments that are generally applicable to the seventh aspect, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the seventh aspect, the method further includes generating a representation of user input from the accelerometer. In embodiments, selecting a display device for connection is also based on the representation of user input from the accelerometer. In embodiments, the method further includes initiating a prompt for the user to provide user input. The user input may be based on the user's physical contact with the analyte sensor system.

[0050] In an eighth aspect, an analyte sensor is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The analyte sensor system includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver, and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform several operations. One such operation is receiving a first signal from a set of display devices via a first link. Another such operation is obtaining the derivative of the first signal. Yet another such operation is identifying a display device for selection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold.

[0051] In certain embodiments that are generally applicable to the eighth aspect, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighth aspect, the processor is further configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a number of additional operations. One such operation is to select a display device for connection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. Another such operation is to receive a second signal from the display device via a second link. Yet another such operation is to obtain the derivative of the second signal. Yet another such operation is to further select a display device for connection based on the derivative of the second signal being below a lower threshold or satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. Yet another such operation is to generate an instruction to configure the display device according to the second link based on determining that the derivative of the first signal is below an upper threshold. Yet another such operation is to generate an instruction to configure the display device according to the second link based on determining that the derivative of the first signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold.

[0052] In a ninth aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes a display device obtaining a derivative of a first signal received via a first link. The method further includes the display device generating a selection identifier based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold.

[0053] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes generating a connection selection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. In embodiments, the method further includes a display device obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. The generation of a connection selection may also be based on the derivative of the second signal being below a lower threshold.

[0054] In certain embodiments of aspect nine, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect nine, the method further includes a display device obtaining the derivative of a second signal. The second signal may be received via a second link. The second signal may be received via a first link. In embodiments, the method further includes a display device generating a connection selection based on the derivative of the second signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. The generation of a connection selection may also be based on the derivative of the first signal not satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold.

[0055] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes generating an indication for configuring a display device according to a second link based on the derivative of the first signal being below an upper threshold. The indication may include communication representing a command to move the display device closer to the analyte sensor system. In embodiments, the method further includes sending the indication to a shifting device to provide the indication to a user of the display device. The indication may include one or more of auditory, visual, and tactile communication. In embodiments, the method further includes generating an indication for configuring a display device according to a second link based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold.

[0056] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. The display device may also generate a connection selection based on the derivative of the third signal being below a lower threshold.

[0057] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. The display device generates a connection selection based on the derivative of the third signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold.

[0058] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. In embodiments, the method further includes the display device generating a connection selection based on a comparison of the derivative of the second signal with the derivative of a first signal. In embodiments, the display device generates the connection selection further based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold, wherein the derivative of the second signal is less than the derivative of the first signal. In embodiments, the display device generates the connection selection further based on the derivative of the second signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold, wherein the derivative of the first signal is less than the derivative of the second signal.

[0059] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. The generation of a connection for selection may also be based on a comparison of the derivative of the third signal and the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments of the method, the derivative of the second signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold; and the derivative of the third signal is less than the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments of the method, the derivative of the second signal is below an upper threshold, and the derivative of the third signal is greater than the derivative of the second signal.

[0060] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes receiving a representation of user input from the accelerometer. In embodiments, generating a connection selection is also based on the representation of the user input. In embodiments, the method further includes presenting a prompt to the user to provide user input to the analyte sensor system. The user input may be based on the user tapping the analyte sensor system.

[0061] In certain embodiments of the ninth aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the ninth aspect, the method further includes a display device prompting a user to physically contact the analyte sensor system in order to trigger the analyte sensor system to send a first signal to the display device.

[0062] In a tenth aspect, a mobile device is configured for wireless communication for analyzing object data. The mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device also includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. Furthermore, the mobile device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause a display device to perform a series of operations. One such operation is obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link. Another such operation is generating a selection flag based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold.

[0063] In certain embodiments of the tenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the tenth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a number of additional operations. One such operation is generating a connection selection based on the derivative of a first signal satisfying or exceeding an upper threshold. Another such operation is obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. Yet another such operation is generating a connection selection further based on the derivative of the second signal being below a lower threshold or satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold. Yet another such operation is generating a connection selection further based on the derivative of a first signal not satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold. Yet another such operation is obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. Yet another such operation is generating a connection selection further based on the derivative of a third signal satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold or being below the lower threshold.

[0064] In certain embodiments of the tenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the tenth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a number of additional operations. One such operation is obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. Another such operation is generating a connection selection based on a comparison of the derivative of the second signal with the derivative of a first signal. Yet another such operation is obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. Yet another such operation is generating a connection selection further based on a comparison of the derivative of the third signal with the derivative of the second signal.

[0065] In certain embodiments of the tenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the tenth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform some additional operations. One such operation is receiving a representation of user input from the accelerometer. Another such operation is generating a connection selection based on a further comparison of the representation of the user input.

[0066] In an eleventh aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes a display device obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link. The method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. Additionally, the method includes the display device generating a connection selection based on a comparison of the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal.

[0067] In certain embodiments of the eleventh aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eleventh aspect, the method further includes calculating the difference between the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments, the method further includes generating a comparison by comparing the difference with a predetermined value.

[0068] In certain embodiments of the eleventh aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eleventh aspect, the method further includes calculating the difference between the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal. In embodiments, the method further includes generating a comparison by comparing the absolute value of the difference with a predetermined value.

[0069] In certain embodiments of the eleventh aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eleventh aspect, the method further includes the display device obtaining a derivative of the third signal received via the third link. In embodiments, the display device generates a connection selection based further on a comparison of a second derivative and a third derivative.

[0070] In certain embodiments of the eleventh aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eleventh aspect, the method further includes calculating a first difference between the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal. In an embodiment, the method further includes the display device obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. In an embodiment, the method includes calculating a second difference between the derivative of the third signal and the derivative of the second signal. In an embodiment, the display device generates a connection selection further based on a comparison of the first difference and the second difference.

[0071] In a twelfth aspect, a mobile device is configured for wireless communication for analyzing object data. The mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device also includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. Furthermore, the mobile device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a number of operations. One such operation is obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link. Another such operation is obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. Yet another such operation is generating a connection selection based on a comparison of the derivatives of the first and second signals.

[0072] In certain embodiments of the twelfth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the twelfth aspect, the non-transitory computer-readable medium also stores instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a number of additional operations. One such operation is calculating the difference between the derivatives of a first signal and the derivatives of a second signal. Another such operation is generating a comparison by comparing the difference with a predetermined value.

[0073] In a twelfth aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes establishing a connection between a display device in a set of display devices and an analyte sensor system in a set of analyte sensor systems. The method further includes the display device generating confirmation of connection to the analyte sensor system based on the connection duration exceeding a predetermined amount of time.

[0074] In a thirteenth aspect, a mobile device in a group of mobile devices is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device also includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. Additionally, the mobile device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a number of operations. One such operation is establishing a connection with an analyte sensor system in a group of analyte sensor systems. Another such operation is generating confirmation of connection to the analyte sensor system based on the duration of the connection exceeding a predetermined approximate time.

[0075] In a fourteenth aspect, a method for identifying a device for connection includes operating in one of a plurality of modes to generate a selection for connection between a display device and an analyte sensor system. Operating in a first mode of the plurality of modes includes receiving input regarding the analyte sensor system, said input identifying the analyte sensor system from a set of analyte sensor systems. Operating in the first mode further includes generating a selection for connection to the analyte sensor system based on the input. Operating in a second mode of the plurality of modes includes obtaining a derivative of a first signal received via a first link. Operating in the second mode further includes generating a selection identifier based on the derivative of the first signal. Operating in the second mode further includes generating a connection selection based on the selection identifier and one or more of the derivative of the second signal and user input. Operating in a third mode of the plurality of modes includes forming a connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system. Operating in the third mode further includes generating an acknowledgment of the connection based on maintaining the connection for at least a predetermined amount of time.

[0076] In certain embodiments of aspect fourteen, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect fourteen, the input to the analyte sensor system for identification includes one of the following: an identification number of the analyte sensor system; a character identifier of the analyte sensor system; a captured coded element; a captured image; and an input selected from a list of analyte sensor systems.

[0077] In certain embodiments of aspect fourteen, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect fourteen, the derivative of the first signal is based on the RSSI of the first signal, and the derivative of the second signal is based on the RSSI of the second signal. In embodiments, the method further includes calculating the difference between the derivatives of the first signal and the derivatives of the second signal. Furthermore, the method includes comparing the difference with a threshold. The method may also include confirming a connection selection if the difference exceeds the threshold.

[0078] In certain embodiments of aspect fourteen, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect fourteen, the method further includes presenting to a user an instruction to provide input to the accelerometer of the analyte sensor system, thereby causing the analyte sensor system to initiate the transmission of a first signal.

[0079] In a fifteenth aspect, a system for identifying a device for connection includes an analyte sensor system. The system also includes a mobile device. The analyte sensor system and the mobile device are configured to operate in one of a plurality of modes to generate a selection for connection between the mobile device and the analyte sensor system. For operation in a first mode of the plurality of modes, the mobile device is configured to perform a plurality of operations. One such operation is receiving input regarding the analyte sensor system, the input identifying the analyte sensor system from a set of analyte sensor systems. Another such operation is generating a selection for connection with the analyte sensor system based on the input. For operation in a second mode of the plurality of modes, the mobile device is configured to perform a plurality of operations. One such operation is obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link. Another such operation is generating a selection identifier based on the derivative of the first signal. Yet another such operation is generating a connection selection based on the selection identifier and one or more of the derivative of a second signal and user input. For operation in a third mode of the plurality of modes, the mobile device is configured to perform a plurality of operations. One such operation is establishing a connection between a display device and the analyte sensor system. Another such operation is generating a connection confirmation based on maintaining the connection for at least a predetermined amount of time.

[0080] In a sixteenth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a display device. The method further includes exchanging authentication-related information between the analyte sensor system and the display device during the first connection. The authentication-related information includes an application key. The method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting an encrypted analyte value to the display device. The encrypted analyte value has been generated based on the application key.

[0081] In certain embodiments of the sixteenth aspect that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the sixteenth aspect, the method further includes modifying the application key in response to one or more of the following: after a predetermined amount of time has elapsed; the analyte sensor system or display device is restarted; a trigger related to another device attempting to connect to the analyte sensor system; and user input.

[0082] In certain embodiments of the sixteenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the sixteenth aspect, the display device receives an application key from a server. In an embodiment, for each analyte sensor system, the server associates the application key with the identification information of the analyte sensor system. In an embodiment, in response to the display device providing the identification information of the analyte sensor system to the server, the display device receives the application key from the server.

[0083] In a seventeenth aspect, an analyte sensor system is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The analyte sensor system includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and the transceiver, and configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a number of operations. One such operation is establishing a first connection between the analyte sensor system and a display device. Another such operation is exchanging authentication-related information between the analyte sensor system and the display device during the first connection, wherein the authentication-related information includes an application key. Another such operation is making a determination regarding whether to perform authentication during a first interval. Yet another such operation is transmitting an encrypted analyte value to the display device, wherein the encrypted analyte value is generated based on the application key. In an embodiment, an application key is received from a server in response to providing identification information of the analyte sensor system to a server.

[0084] In an eighteenth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyzing object data includes receiving suggestions for connectivity parameters. The suggestions include one or more suggested values ​​for the connectivity parameters. The method further includes determining whether the suggestions are acceptable. The method includes generating a response to the suggestions based on the determination that the suggestions are acceptable.

[0085] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes modifying the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on an acceptable recommended value among one or more acceptable recommended values, in response to an indication that an acceptable recommended value is accepted.

[0086] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes establishing a connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on an acceptable recommended value among one or more acceptable recommended values, upon receiving an indication that an acceptable recommended value is accepted.

[0087] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes sending a counter-proposal in response to an indication of preference for connection parameter values ​​other than the proposed values ​​for the connection parameters. The counter-proposal includes one or more counter-proposal values ​​for the connection parameters.

[0088] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes receiving a response to a counter-recommendation. In an embodiment, the method further includes modifying the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on at least one counter-recommendation value if the response to the counter-recommendation indicates acceptance of one or more counter-recommendation values.

[0089] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes receiving a response to a counter-proposal. In an embodiment, the method further includes terminating the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system if the response to the counter-proposal indicates rejection of the counter-proposal value.

[0090] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes receiving a response to a counter-recommendation. In an embodiment, the method further includes: establishing a connection between a display device and an analyte sensor system based on at least one counter-recommendation value if the response to the counter-recommendation indicates acceptance of one or more counter-recommendation values.

[0091] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes receiving a response to a counter-proposal. In an embodiment, the method further includes generating a negative connection decision if the response to the counter-proposal indicates that the counter-proposal value is rejected.

[0092] In certain embodiments where aspect 18 is generally applicable but also particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 18, the connection parameter is one of the connection interval, subordinate waiting time, and monitoring timeout.

[0093] In certain embodiments where the eighteenth aspect is generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the recommendations are based on the expected operating time of the analyte sensor system.

[0094] In certain embodiments where the eighteenth aspect is generally applicable, but also particularly applicable in conjunction with any other implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the recommendations are based on the user's glucose level.

[0095] In certain embodiments where the eighteenth aspect may be generally applicable, but which are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the recommendations are based on one or more of service quality, time of day, location, or battery condition.

[0096] In certain embodiments where the eighteenth aspect is generally applicable, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes requesting a connection according to a first connection model. In embodiments, the method further includes requesting a connection according to a second connection model in response to determining that the proposal is unacceptable.

[0097] In certain embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the eighteenth aspect, the method further includes terminating the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system in response to determining that the recommendation is unacceptable. In embodiments, the method further includes providing notification related to the termination of the connection.

[0098] In the nineteenth aspect, an analyte sensor system is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The analyte sensor system includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and a transceiver configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a number of operations. One such operation is receiving a suggestion for the same connectivity parameter, wherein the suggestion includes one or more suggested values ​​for the connectivity parameter. Another such operation is determining whether the suggestion is acceptable. Yet another such operation is generating a response to the suggestion based on the determination that the suggestion is acceptable.

[0099] In certain embodiments of the nineteenth aspect, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the nineteenth aspect, the processor is further configured to perform a number of operations. One such operation is to modify the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on the acceptable recommended value of one or more recommended values, provided the response indication accepts the acceptable recommended value. Another such operation is to establish a connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on the acceptable recommended value of one or more recommended values, provided the response indication accepts the acceptable recommended value. If the response indication shows a preference for a connection parameter value other than a recommended value for the connection parameter value, another such operation is to send a counter-recommendation. The counter-recommendation may contain one or more counter-recommendation values ​​for the connection parameter. Another such operation is to receive a response to the counter-recommendation. Another such operation is to modify the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on at least one counter-recommendation value, provided the response indication accepts one or more counter-recommendation values. A third such operation is to terminate the connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system if the response indication rejects the counter-recommendation value. Another such operation is establishing a connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system based on at least one counter-recommendation value, provided that the response to the counter-recommendation indicates acceptance of one or more counter-recommendation values. Another such operation is requesting a connection according to a first connection model. Yet another such operation is requesting a connection according to a second connection model in response to determining that the recommendation is unacceptable.

[0100] In a twentieth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes: in response to input from an application running on a display device, the display device sending a message including connection parameter values ​​to an analyte sensor system. The method further includes the display device receiving the connection parameter values ​​from the analyte sensor system. Additionally, the method includes the operating system of the display device applying the connection parameter values ​​based on determining that the values ​​are acceptable.

[0101] In certain embodiments that are generally applicable to the 20th aspect, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of the 20th aspect, the display device receives from the analyte sensor system a determination that the value is acceptable.

[0102] In a twenty-first aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes operation in a first mode. Operation in the first mode includes an analyte sensor system periodically exchanging messages with a display device to maintain a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. Operation in the first mode includes, while maintaining the connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device, the analyte sensor system transmitting analyte data to the display device. The method further includes operation in a second mode. Operation in the second mode includes periodically establishing a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. Operation in the second mode includes, while establishing the connection, transmitting analyte data to the display device.

[0103] In certain embodiments of aspect 21, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 21, the method includes switching from operating in a first mode to operating in a second mode or from operating in a second mode to operating in a first mode. In embodiments, the switching is based on user input. In embodiments, the switching is based on one or more switching criteria. In embodiments, the switching criteria include the type of display device; user information; connectivity availability of the display device; priority settings regarding the display device; quality of service; battery life; time of day; and location.

[0104] In certain embodiments of aspect 21, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 21, the method further includes receiving an instruction relating to battery management; wherein a switching is performed based on the instruction.

[0105] In certain embodiments that are generally applicable to aspect 21, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 21, the method further includes presenting a notification to the user in relation to the switching.

[0106] In certain embodiments of aspect 21 that are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 21, the analyte sensor system completes the transfer of analyte data to the display device when the analyte data becomes available for transmission, while the analyte sensor system and the display device remain connected.

[0107] In the twenty-second aspect, the analyte sensor system is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The analyte sensor system includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and a transceiver configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a number of operations. One such operation is in a first mode. In the first mode, the analyte sensor system is configured to perform a number of operations. One such operation in the first mode is to periodically exchange messages with a display device to maintain a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. Another such operation in the first mode is to transmit analyte data to the display device while maintaining a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. Another such operation is in a second mode. In the second mode, the analyte sensor system is configured to perform a number of operations. One such operation in the second mode is to periodically establish a connection with the display device. Another such operation in the second mode is to transmit analyte data to the display device while establishing a connection. A further such operation is to switch between operating in the first mode and operating in the second mode.

[0108] In a twenty-third aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes an analyte sensor system periodically exchanging messages with a display device to maintain a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. The method further includes: while the analyte sensor system and the display device remain connected, the analyte sensor system transmitting analyte data to the display device.

[0109] In certain embodiments of aspect 23, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 23, the method further includes the analyte sensor system sending a suggestion for a set of connection parameters to the display device in response to receiving a connection request from the display device. The set of connection parameters may include a connection interval, a dependency wait time, and a monitoring timeout. In embodiments, the method further includes receiving a connection decision from the display device; wherein the connection decision is based on the suggestion. In embodiments, responding to the connection decision includes accepting the suggestion and performing periodic message exchange based on the set of connection parameters.

[0110] In certain embodiments of aspect 23, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 23, the method further includes terminating the connection based on a violation of one or more connection parameters. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system sending a notification message in response to the termination of the connection.

[0111] In certain embodiments of aspect 23, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 23, the method further includes requesting modification of one or more connection parameters in response to a violation of one or more connection parameters.

[0112] In a twenty-fourth aspect, the analyte sensor system is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The analyte sensor system includes an analyte sensor. The analyte sensor system includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The analyte sensor system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the analyte sensor and a transceiver configured to cause the analyte sensor system to perform a number of operations. One such operation is periodically exchanging messages with a display device, thereby maintaining a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. Another such operation is transmitting analyte data to the display device while maintaining a connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device.

[0113] In a twenty-fifth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes establishing a connection between an analyte sensor system and a display device. The method further includes receiving a set of characteristics associated with the analyte sensor system. The characteristics are arranged in a sequence. The method also includes sending a request to the analyte sensor system to read one or more characteristics in an order different from the sequence.

[0114] In certain embodiments that are generally applicable to aspect 25, but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 25, a request to read one or more characteristics includes a request to read an estimated glucose value.

[0115] In certain embodiments of aspect 25, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 25, the method further includes performing characteristics from a set of characteristics. In an embodiment, the characteristics are associated with reading an estimated glucose value. In an embodiment, the characteristics are performed without performing one or more other characteristics prior to the characteristics in the sequence.

[0116] In a twenty-sixth aspect, a mobile device is configured for wireless communication of analyte data. The mobile device includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The mobile device includes circuitry operatively coupled to the transceiver. The mobile device also includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium operatively coupled to the circuitry and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the mobile device to perform a number of operations. One such operation is establishing a connection with an analyte sensor system. Another such operation is receiving a set of characteristics associated with the analyte sensor system. These characteristics may be arranged in a sequence. Yet another such operation is sending a request to the analyte sensor system to read one or more characteristics in an order different from the sequence.

[0117] In a twenty-seventh aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link. The method further includes generating a selection identifier based on the derivative of the first signal. The method also includes obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link. Furthermore, the method includes generating a connection selection based on the derivative of the second signal. The method includes establishing a connection between a display device and an analyte sensor system based on the connection selection. And the method includes periodically exchanging messages to maintain the connection.

[0118] In certain embodiments of aspect 27, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 27, the method further comprises: the analyte sensor system transmitting analyte data to the display device while the analyte sensor system and the display device remain connected. In embodiments, the method further comprises receiving a connection decision from the display device, wherein the connection decision is based on a recommendation.

[0119] In certain embodiments of aspect 27, which may be generally applicable but are particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 27, the method further comprises: the analyte sensor system sending a suggestion for a set of connection parameters to the display device in response to receiving a connection request from the display device.

[0120] In certain embodiments of aspect 27, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 27, a connection decision includes accepting a suggestion to complete a periodic message exchange based on the set of connection parameters.

[0121] In a twenty-eighth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes authenticating a display device for a first connection by exchanging authentication-related information between an analyte sensor system and a display device. The method further includes: based on the authentication of the display device, the analyte sensor system periodically exchanging messages with the display device to maintain the first connection. Furthermore, the method includes the analyte sensor system transmitting encrypted analyte data to the display device while maintaining the first connection.

[0122] In certain embodiments of aspect 28, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 28, the method further includes terminating the first connection. In embodiments, the method further includes establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system periodically exchanging messages with the display device to maintain the second connection. In embodiments, the method further includes the analyte sensor system transmitting encrypted analyte data to the display device while maintaining the second connection. For the second connection, in some cases, the periodic exchange of messages and transmission of encrypted analyte data are based on authentication of the display device used for the first connection.

[0123] In a twenty-ninth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data between a display device and one or more analyte sensor systems includes: the display device obtaining the derivative of a first signal received from a first analyte sensor system or from one or more analyte sensor systems other than the first analyte sensor system. The method further includes the display device using the derivative of the first signal and conditions to generate an option for connection with the first analyte sensor system. Furthermore, the method includes establishing a first connection between the display device and the first analyte sensor system using the connection selection. The first connection is established if the display device does not receive a notification message from one or more analyte sensor systems other than the first analyte sensor system within a certain time period, or if the display device does not obtain the derivative of a second signal satisfying the conditions. The second signal is then received from one or more analyte sensor systems other than the first analyte sensor system.

[0124] In certain embodiments of aspect 29, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 29, the method further includes obtaining the derivative of a signal received from a second analyte sensor system among one or more analyte sensor systems other than the first analyte sensor system. In embodiments, the method further includes establishing a second connection between the display device and the second analyte sensor system using at least the derivative of the signal received from the second analyte sensor system.

[0125] In a thirtieth aspect, a method for wireless communication of analyte data includes a display device receiving notification messages from a plurality of analyte sensor systems. The number is two or more. If the number does not exceed a threshold, the method further includes the following operations: The method may also include the display device obtaining corresponding derivatives of the signals received from the plurality of analyte sensor systems. The method may further include the display device determining whether any derivative satisfies the condition for a certain amount of time. Additionally, the method may include: in response to the display device determining that a first derivative among the derivatives satisfies the condition for a certain amount of time, the display device generates a selection for connecting to a first analyte sensor system among the plurality of analyte sensor systems. The first analyte sensor system sends a signal for obtaining the first derivative. Furthermore, the method may include establishing a first connection between the display device and the first analyte sensor system using the connection selection.

[0126] In certain embodiments of aspect 30, which are generally applicable but particularly applicable in conjunction with any other embodiments of aspect 30, the method includes the following further operation: The method may include a display device providing a prompt to a user of the display device, wherein the prompt relates to connection establishment. The method may also include: in response to the prompt, using input received by the display device, establishing a second connection between the display device and an analyte sensor system selected for connection. Attached Figure Description

[0127] Further aspects of this disclosure will become more readily apparent upon review of the detailed description of the various disclosed embodiments described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0128] Figure 1A This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0129] Figure 1B This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0130] Figure 2A This is a perspective view of an exemplary housing that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of an analytical material sensor system.

[0131] Figure 2B This is a side view of an exemplary housing that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of an analytical material sensor system.

[0132] Figure 3A This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0133] Figure 3B This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0134] Figure 3C This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0135] Figure 3D This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0136] Figure 3E This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0137] Figure 3F This section describes aspects of an exemplary user interface according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0138] Figure 3G This section describes aspects of an exemplary user interface according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0139] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating aspects of an exemplary analytical material sensor system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0140] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating aspects of an exemplary analytical material sensor system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0141] Figure 6 This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0142] Figure 7A This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0143] Figure 7B This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0144] Figure 7C This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0145] Figure 7D This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0146] Figure 7E This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0147] Figure 7F This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0148] Figure 7G This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0149] Figure 7H This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0150] Figure 7J This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0151] Figure 7K This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0152] Figure 8 An exemplary structure for notification messages according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0153] Figure 9 This is a timing diagram illustrating the transmission of notification messages according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0154] Figure 10A This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0155] Figure 10B This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0156] Figure 10C This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0157] Figure 10D This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0158] Figure 10E This describes aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0159] Figure 11 An exemplary computing module according to an embodiment of this disclosure is described.

[0160] Figure 12A This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0161] Figure 12B This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0162] Figure 13A This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0163] Figure 13B This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0164] Figure 13C This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0165] Figure 13D This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0166] Figure 13E This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0167] Figure 13F This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0168] Figure 13G This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0169] Figure 13H This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0170] Figure 13J This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0171] Figure 13K This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0172] Figure 13L This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0173] Figure 13M This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0174] Figure 13N This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0175] Figure 13P This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0176] Figure 13Q This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0177] Figure 14 This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0178] Figure 15A This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0179] Figure 15B This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0180] Figure 16A This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0181] Figure 16B This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0182] Figure 16C This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0183] Figure 17 This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0184] Figure 18 This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0185] Figure 19 This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0186] Figure 20 This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0187] The accompanying drawings are described in more detail in the following description and examples. The drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and depict only typical or exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. The drawings are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to its precise form. It should also be understood that this disclosure can be practiced with modifications or alterations, and that this disclosure may be limited only by the claims and their equivalents. Detailed Implementation

[0188] Embodiments of this disclosure pertain to systems, methods, and apparatuses for wireless communication of analyte data. In the various deployments described herein, the analyte data is glucose data generated by an analyte sensor system configured to connect to a display device and the like. As described in detail herein, implementing aspects of this disclosure can reduce the power consumption of the analyte sensor system by increasing its efficiency in wireless communication relative to the analyte sensor system and other devices. Furthermore, implementing aspects of this disclosure can also allow for power reduction while maintaining and / or improving performance relative to the reliability, speed, and accuracy of wireless communication and the associated connection protocols. Additionally, in some cases, power consumption may be less critical than other performance aspects (e.g., reliability and / or latency), and in such cases, different connection modes can be employed to improve performance. Specifically, some aspects of this disclosure relate to, for example, authentication and encryption, connection protocols and timing for devices, the structure and content of notification messages, and device pairing.

[0189] Details of some exemplary embodiments of the systems, methods, and apparatuses disclosed herein are set forth in this specification and, in some cases, in other parts of this disclosure. Other features, objects, and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of this disclosure, the specification, the drawings, examples, and claims. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, apparatuses, features, and advantages be incorporated herein by reference (whether expressly or explicitly), are included within the scope of this disclosure, and are protected by one or more of the appended claims.

[0190] A. Overview

[0191] In some embodiments, a system is provided for the continuous measurement of an analyte in a body. The system may include: a continuous analyte sensor configured to continuously measure the concentration of the analyte in the body, and a sensor electronics module physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor during sensor use. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module includes electronics configured to process a data stream associated with the analyte concentration measured by the continuous analyte sensor to generate sensor information including, for example, raw sensor data, transformed sensor data, and / or any other sensor data. The sensor electronics module may be further configured to generate sensor information tailored to a corresponding display device, such that different display devices can receive different sensor information.

[0192] As used herein, the term "analyte" is a broad term and its general and conventional meaning (and not limited to a specific or customized meaning) is to be determined by those skilled in the art. It further refers to (but is not limited to) substances or chemical components in analyzable biological fluids (e.g., blood, interstitial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, lymph, or urine). Analytes may include naturally occurring substances, artificial substances, metabolites, and / or reaction products. In some embodiments, the analyte used for measurement via a sensor head, device, and method is the analyte. However, other analytes are also expected, including but not limited to: prothrombin; carnitine; adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; adenosine deaminase; albumin; alpha-fetoprotein; amino acid profile (arginine (Krebs cycle), histidine / uric acid, homocysteine, phenylalanine / tyrosine, tryptophan); androstenedione; antipyrine; arabinitol enantiomers; arginase; benzoyl succinate (cocaine); biotinylate; biopterin; C-reactive protein; L-carnitine; carnosinase; CD4; ceruloplasmin; chenodeoxycholic acid; chloroquine; cholesterol; cholinesterase; and pyrenoids. Synthetic 1-β-hydroxycholic acid; cortisol; creatine kinase; creatine kinase MM isoenzyme; cyclosporine A; d-penicillamine; deethylchloroquine; dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; DNA (acetylation polymorphism, alcohol dehydrogenase, α1-antitrypsin, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne / Becker muscular dystrophy, analyte-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, hemoglobin C, hemoglobin D, hemoglobin E, hemoglobin F, D-Punjab, β-thalassemia, hepatitis B virus, HCMV, HIV-1, HTLV-1, Regber's hereditary visual impairment Neuropathy, MCAD, RNA, PKU, Plasmodium vivax, sexual differentiation, 21-deoxycortisol); debutylhalogenated pantyltransferase; dihydropteridine reductase; diphtheria / tetanus antitoxin; erythrocyte arginase; erythrocyte protoporphyrin; esterase D; fatty acid / acylglycine; free β-human chorionic gonadotropin; free erythrocyte porphyrin; free thyroxine (FT4); free triiodothyronine (FT3); fumarate diacetyl; galactose / galon-1-phosphate; galactose-1-phosphate uridine transferase; gentamicin; analyte-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutathione Peptides; glutathione peroxidase; glycine; glycated hemoglobin; halogenated pantyltransferase; hemoglobin variants; hexosamine A; human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I; 17-α-dihydroxyprogesterone; hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; immunoreactive trypsin; lactate; lead; lipoproteins ((a), B / A-1, β); lysozyme; mefloquine; netilmicin; phenobarbital; phenytoin sodium; phytane / proline; progesterone; prolactin; proline peptidase; purine nucleoside phosphorylase; quinine; reversible triiodothyronine (rT3); selenium; serum pancreatic lipase; cefotaxime; somatostatin C;Specific antibodies (adenovirus, antinuclear antibody, anti-ζ antibody, arbovirus, pseudorabies virus, dengue virus, dracunculia spp., echinococcosis, entamoeba histolytica, enterovirus, giardia duodenalis, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus, herpesvirus, HIV-1, IgE (atopic), influenza virus, Leishmania donovani, leptospirosis, measles / mumps / rubella, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, myoglobin, Onchocerciasis, parainfluenza virus, Plasmodium falciparum, poliovirus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) Pseudomonas, respiratory syncytial virus, Rickettsia (scrub typhus), Schistosoma mansoni, Toxoplasma gondii, Xanthium sibiricum, Trypanosoma cruzi / Langelly, vesicular stomatitis virus, Scutellaria baicalensis virus, yellow fever virus); specific antigen (hepatitis B virus, HIV-1); succinyl; sulfonamide; theophylline; thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); thyroxine (T4); thyroxine-binding globulin; trace elements; transfer; UDP-galactose-4-epimerase; urea; uroporphyrinogen I synthase; vitamin A; leukocytes; and zinc protoporphyrin. In some embodiments, salts, sugars, proteins, fats, vitamins, and hormones naturally present in blood or interstitial fluid may also constitute the analytes. Analytes may be naturally present in biological fluids, for example, metabolites, hormones, antigens, antibodies, and similar substances. Alternatively, the analyte may be introduced into the body, for example, as a contrast agent for imaging, a radioactive isotope, a chemical reagent, a fluorocarbon synthetic blood, or a drug or pharmaceutical composition, including (but not limited to): glucagon; ethanol; cannabinoids (cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol, hashish); inhalants (nitrous oxide, amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, chlorinated hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons); cocaine (crack cocaine); stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine, ritalin, cylerin, preludin, didrex, prestate, voranil, sandrex, plegine); and depressants (barbiturates, methylquinone, sedatives such as valium, librium, and milt). (own), Serax, Equanil, Tranxene; Hallucinogens (phencyclohexylpiperidine, lysergic acid, cactus alkaloid, pyocyanide, psilocybin); Anesthetics (heroin, codeine, morphine, opium, pethidine, percocet, compound oxycodone, hydrocodone antitussive (Tussionex), fentanyl, propoxyphene hydrochloride preparations (Darvon), analgesic (Talwin), lomotil);Designer drugs (analytes of fentanyl, pethidine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and phencyclohexylpiperidine, such as ecstasy); anabolic steroids; and nicotine. Metabolites of drugs and pharmaceutical compositions are also included as analytes. Analytes of substances produced in the body, such as neurochemicals and other chemicals, are also included, such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, norepinephrine, 3-methoxytyramine (3MT), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), serotonin (5HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (FHIAA).

[0193] B. Warning

[0194] In some embodiments, one or more alerts are associated with a sensor electronics module. For example, each alert may include one or more alert conditions indicating when the corresponding alert has been triggered. For example, a hypoglycemia alert may include alert conditions indicating a minimum glucose level. Alert conditions may also be based on transformed sensor data, such as trend data, and / or sensor data from multiple different sensors (e.g., an alert may be based on sensor data from both a glucose sensor and a temperature sensor). For example, a hypoglycemia alert may include alert conditions indicating a minimum required trend in the subject's glucose level, which must exist before the alert is triggered. As used herein, the term "trend" generally refers to data indicating some attribute of data acquired over time, such as calibrated or filtered data from a continuous glucose sensor. A trend may indicate the amplitude, rate of change, acceleration, direction, etc., of data such as sensor data, which includes transformed or raw sensor data.

[0195] In some embodiments, each of the alerts is associated with one or more actions to be performed in response to the triggering of the alert. Alert actions may include, for example, activating an alarm, such as displaying information on a display of the sensor electronics module or activating an audible or vibration alarm coupled to the sensor electronics module, and / or transmitting data to one or more display devices external to the sensor electronics module. For any transmission action associated with a triggered alert, one or more transmission options define the content and / or format of the data to be transmitted, the device to which the data will be transmitted, when the data will be transmitted, and / or the communication protocol used for the data transmission.

[0196] In some embodiments, multiple transmission actions (each with a corresponding transmission option) can be associated with a single alert, such that displayable sensor information with different content and formatting is transmitted to the corresponding display device, for example, in response to the triggering of a single alert. For instance, a mobile phone can receive a data packet containing minimal displayable sensor information (specifically formatted for display on the mobile phone), while a desktop computer can receive a data packet containing most (or all) of the displayable sensor information generated by the sensor electronics module in response to the triggering of a common alert. Advantageously, the sensor electronics module is not tied to a single display device but is configured to communicate directly, systematically, simultaneously (e.g., via broadcast), regularly, periodically, randomly, on demand, in response to queries, based on alerts or alarms, and / or similarly with multiple different display devices.

[0197] In some embodiments, clinical risk alerts are provided that include alert conditions combining intelligent and dynamic estimation algorithms that estimate current or predicted hazards with greater accuracy, more timely information about impending hazards, avoidance of false alarms, and less annoyance to the patient. Generally, clinical risk alerts incorporate dynamic and intelligent estimation algorithms based on analyte concentrations, rates of change, accelerations, clinical risks, statistical probabilities, known physiological constraints, and / or individual physiological patterns, thereby providing more appropriate, clinically safe, and patient-friendly alerts. U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007 / 0208246, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, describes some systems and methods associated with the clinical risk alerts (or alarms) described herein. In some embodiments, clinical risk alerts may be triggered for a predetermined period of time to allow a user to care for their condition. Additionally, clinical risk alerts may be deactivated upon leaving a clinically risky area so as not to disturb the patient with repetitive clinical alarms (e.g., visual, auditory, or vibratory alarms) as the patient's condition improves. In some embodiments, dynamic and intelligent estimation determines the likelihood of the patient avoiding clinical risks based on analyte concentrations, rates of change, and other aspects of the dynamic and intelligent estimation algorithm. If the probability of avoiding a clinical risk is minimal or nonexistent, a clinical risk warning is triggered. However, if the probability of avoiding a clinical risk exists, the system is configured to wait a predetermined amount of time and re-analyze the probability of avoiding the clinical risk. In some embodiments, when the probability of avoiding a clinical risk exists, the system is further configured to provide goals, treatment recommendations, or other information that can assist the patient in prospectively avoiding the clinical risk.

[0198] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to search for one or more display devices within its communication range and wirelessly transmit sensor information (e.g., data packets containing displayable sensor information, one or more alarm conditions, and / or other alarm information) to them. Therefore, the display devices are configured to display at least some sensor information and / or issue alarms to the subject (and / or caregiver), wherein the alarm mechanism is located on the display device.

[0199] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to provide one or more different alarms via the transmission of data packets indicating that an alarm should be triggered by one or more display devices (e.g., sequentially and / or simultaneously). In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module provides only a data field indicating the presence of an alarm condition, and the display device can determine to trigger an alarm after reading the data field indicating the presence of the alarm condition. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module determines which of the one or more alarms to trigger based on the one or more alerts that have been triggered. For example, when an alert trigger indicates severe hypoglycemia, the sensor electronics module may perform multiple actions, such as activating an alarm on the sensor electronics module, transmitting a data packet to a monitoring device to indicate the activation of the alarm on a display, and transmitting the data packet as a text message to a care provider. As an example, the text message may appear on a custom monitoring device, mobile phone, pager device, and / or the like, containing displayable sensor information indicating the subject's condition (e.g., "severe hypoglycemia").

[0200] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to wait for a period of time for a subject to respond to a triggered alert (e.g., by pressing or selecting a drowsy and / or disconnect function and / or button on the sensor electronics module and / or display device), after which additional alerts (e.g., in an incremental manner) are triggered until one or more alerts are responded to. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to send a control signal (e.g., a stop signal) to a medical device associated with an alarm condition (e.g., hypoglycemia), such as an insulin pump, wherein the stop alert triggers the cessation of insulin delivery via the pump.

[0201] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to transmit alarm information directly, systematically, simultaneously (e.g., via broadcast), regularly, periodically, randomly, on demand, in response to queries (from a display device), based on alerts or alarms, and / or similar methods. In some embodiments, the system further includes a repeater such that the wireless communication range of the sensor electronics module can be increased, for example, to 10, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, or 200 meters or more, wherein the repeater is configured to forward wireless communication from the sensor electronics module to a display device located remotely from the sensor electronics module. The repeater can be used in homes with children who have diabetes. For example, to allow parents to carry the display device or place it in a fixed location, such as in a large house where parents and children sleep at a distance.

[0202] C. Display device

[0203] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to search for and / or attempt to wirelessly communicate with display devices in a list of display devices. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to search for and / or attempt to wirelessly communicate with the list of display devices in a predetermined and / or programmable order (e.g., hierarchical and / or incremental), such that a failed attempt and / or alarm regarding communication with a first display device triggers an attempt and / or alarm regarding communication with a second display device, and so on. In one exemplary embodiment, the sensor electronics module is configured to sequentially search and attempt to alarm a subject or care provider using a list of display devices, such as: (1) a default display device or a custom analyte monitoring device; (2) a mobile phone via auditory and / or visual methods, such as text messages to the subject and / or care provider, voice messages to the subject and / or care provider, and / or 911); (3) a tablet computer; and (4) a smartwatch.

[0204] Depending on the embodiment, one or more display devices receiving data packets from a sensor electronics module are “dummy displays” that display displayable sensor information received from the sensor electronics module without additional processing (e.g., the forward-looking algorithmic processing necessary for real-time display of the sensor information). In some embodiments, the displayable sensor information includes transformed sensor data that does not require processing by the display device prior to its display. Some display devices may include software comprising display instructions (including software programming configured to display the displayable sensor information and optionally query the sensor electronics module to obtain the displayable sensor information), the display instructions being configured to implement the displayable sensor information on the display device. In some embodiments, the display device is programmed with display instructions at the manufacturer and may include security and / or authentication to prevent display device theft. In some embodiments, the display device is configured to display the displayable sensor information via a downloadable program (e.g., a Java script downloadable via the Internet), such that any display device supporting program download (e.g., any display device supporting Java applets) can therefore be configured to display the displayable sensor information (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, PDAs, PCs, and the like).

[0205] In some embodiments, certain display devices can directly communicate wirelessly with the sensor electronics module, but intermediate network hardware, firmware, and / or software may be included within the direct wireless communication. In some embodiments, a repeater (e.g., a Bluetooth repeater) can be used to retransmit transmitted displayable sensor information to a location farther away than the immediate vicinity of the telemetry module of the sensor electronics module, wherein the repeater enables direct wireless communication when no substantial processing of the displayable sensor information occurs. In some embodiments, a receiver (e.g., a Bluetooth receiver) can be used to retransmit transmitted displayable sensor information, possibly in a different format, such as in a text message, to a TV screen, wherein the receiver enables direct wireless communication when no substantial processing of the sensor information occurs. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module directly and wirelessly transmits displayable sensor information to one or more display devices, such that the displayable sensor information transmitted from the sensor electronics module is received by the display device without intermediate processing of the displayable sensor information.

[0206] In some embodiments, one or more display devices include a built-in authentication mechanism where authentication is required for communication between the sensor electronics module and the display device. In some embodiments, to authenticate data communication between the sensor electronics module and the display device, a challenge-response protocol, such as key authentication, is provided, wherein a challenge is a request for a key or a hash or other value derived from the key, and a valid response is a correct key or a hash or other value derived from the key, so that pairing of the sensor electronics module and the display device can be achieved by the user and / or the manufacturer via the key. In some cases, this may be referred to as two-way authentication. The key may be a software or hardware-level key. Additionally, the key may be a password (e.g., randomly generated or set by a user or other entity), and / or may be derived from unique identifying features (e.g., fingerprints or retinal information) or other information.

[0207] In some embodiments, one or more display devices are configured to query displayable sensor information from a sensor electronics module, wherein the display device acts as a master device, for example, requesting sensor information on demand from the sensor electronics module (e.g., a slave device) in response to a query. While in some cases the display device acts as the master device and the sensor electronics module acts as the slave device, in others these roles can be reversed. For example, the roles may be reversed depending on the nature of the communication, etc. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured for periodic, systematic, regular, and / or periodic transmission of sensor information to one or more display devices (e.g., every 1, 2, 5, or 10 minutes or more). In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module is configured to transmit data packets associated with triggered alerts (e.g., triggered by one or more alert conditions). However, any combination of the above states of data transmission can be implemented using any combination of paired sensor electronics modules and display devices. For example, one or more display devices may be configured to query a sensor electronics module database and to receive alert information triggered by the fulfillment of one or more alarm conditions. Additionally, the sensor electronics module can be configured for the periodic transmission of sensor information to one or more display devices (the same or different display devices as described in the previous examples), thereby allowing the system to include display devices that describe how the sensor information is obtained in different ways.

[0208] In some embodiments, the display device is configured to query certain types of data content in the data storage memory of the sensor electronics module, including direct queries to a database in the sensor electronics module's memory and / or requests for configurable or configurable packages of data content therefrom; that is, the data stored in the sensor electronics module is configurable, queryable, predetermined, and / or pre-packaged based on the display device to which the sensor electronics module is communicating. In some additional or alternative embodiments, the sensor electronics module generates displayable sensor information based on its knowledge of which display device will receive a particular transmission. Additionally, some display devices are capable of acquiring calibration information and wirelessly transmitting the calibration information to the sensor electronics module, for example, through manual input of calibration information, automatic transmission of calibration information, and / or incorporation into an integrated reference analyzer monitor within the display device. U.S. Patent Publications 2006 / 0222566, 2007 / 0203966, 2007 / 0208245, and 2005 / 0154271 describe systems and methods for providing an integrated reference analyte monitor incorporated into a display device and / or other calibration methods that may be implemented using the embodiments disclosed herein, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0209] Generally, multiple display devices (e.g., custom analyte monitoring devices (also referred to as analyte display devices), mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches, reference analyte monitors, drug delivery devices, medical devices, and personal computers) can be configured to communicate wirelessly with the sensor electronics module. These multiple display devices can be configured to display at least some displayable sensor information wirelessly transmitted from the sensor electronics module. The displayable sensor information may include sensor data, such as raw data and / or transformed sensor data, such as analyte concentration values, rate of change information, trend information, warning information, sensor diagnostic information, and / or calibration information.

[0210] D. Continuous sensor

[0211] refer to Figure 1A In some embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 includes a continuous glucose sensor, such as a subcutaneous, transdermal (e.g., percutaneous), or intravascular device. In some embodiments, such a sensor or device can analyze multiple intermittent blood samples. The glucose sensor can use any glucose measurement method, including enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, spectrophotometric, polarimetric, calorimetric, iontophoresis, radiation measurement, immunochemical, and similar methods.

[0212] Glucose sensors can use any known method, including invasive, minimally invasive, and non-invasive sensing technologies (e.g., fluorescence monitoring), to provide a data stream indicating the glucose concentration in a subject. The data stream is typically a raw data signal that is converted into a calibrated and / or filtered data stream to provide useful glucose values ​​to a user, such as a patient or caregiver (e.g., a parent, relative, guardian, teacher, doctor, nurse, or any other individual concerned about the subject's health).

[0213] A glucose sensor can be any device capable of measuring glucose concentration. According to an exemplary embodiment described below, an implantable glucose sensor can be used. However, it should be understood that the apparatus and methods described herein can be applied to any device capable of detecting glucose concentration and providing an output signal representing the glucose concentration (e.g., in the form of analyte data).

[0214] In some embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 is an implantable glucose sensor, as described, for example, with reference to U.S. Patent 6,001,067 and U.S. Patent Publication US-2005-0027463-A1. In embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 is a percutaneous glucose sensor, as described, for example, with reference to U.S. Patent Publication US-2006-0020187-A1. In embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 is configured to be implanted in a host blood vessel or implanted externally, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent Publication US-2007-0027385-A1, co-pending U.S. Patent Publication US-2008-0119703-A1 filed October 4, 2006, U.S. Patent Publication US-2008-0108942-A1 filed March 26, 2007, and U.S. Patent Application US-2007-0197890-A1 filed February 14, 2007. In embodiments, the continuous glucose sensor comprises, for example, a percutaneous sensor as described in U.S. Patent 6,565,509 to Say et al. In embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 is a continuous glucose sensor comprising, for example, a subcutaneous sensor as described in U.S. Patent 6,579,690 to Bonnecaze et al. or U.S. Patent 6,484,046 to Say et al. In embodiments, the continuous glucose sensor comprises, for example, a refillable subcutaneous sensor as described in U.S. Patent 6,512,939 to Colvin et al. The continuous glucose sensor may comprise, for example, an intravascular sensor as described in U.S. Patent 6,477,395 to Schulman et al. The continuous glucose sensor may comprise, for example, an intravascular sensor as described in U.S. Patent 6,424,847 to Mastrototaro et al.

[0215] Figure 2A and 2BThese are perspective and side views of a housing 200 that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the analyte sensor system 8 according to certain aspects of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the housing 200 includes a mounting unit 214 and a sensor electronics module 12 attached thereto. The housing 200 is shown in a functional position, including the mounting unit 214 and the sensor electronics module 12 matingly engaged therein. In some embodiments, the mounting unit 214, also referred to as a housing or sensor compartment, includes a base 234 adapted for fastening to the body or the user's skin. The base 234 may be formed of a variety of hard or soft materials and may include a low profile to minimize protrusions of the device from the body during use. In some embodiments, the base 234 is at least partially formed of a flexible material, which can provide many advantages over other transdermal sensors, however, it may suffer from motion-related artifacts associated with movement of the body when the body uses the device. The mounting unit 214 and / or the sensor electronics module 12 may be located above the sensor insertion site to protect the site and / or provide minimal footprint (utilization of the surface area of ​​the body's skin).

[0216] In some embodiments, a detachable connection is provided between the mounting unit 214 and the sensor electronics module 12. This achieves improved manufacturability, meaning that the potentially relatively inexpensive mounting unit 214 can be discarded when the analyte sensor system 8 is serviced or maintained, while the relatively more expensive sensor electronics module 12 can be reused in multiple sensor systems. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module 12 is configured with signal processing (programming), such as being configured to filter, calibrate, and / or execute other algorithms that can be used to calibrate and / or display sensor information. However, an integrated (non-detachable) sensor electronics module can be configured.

[0217] In some embodiments, the contact 238 is mounted on or within a sub-assembly referred to below as contact sub-assembly 236, which is configured to be mounted within the base 234 and hinge 248 of the mounting unit 214. This allows the contact sub-assembly 236 to pivot relative to the mounting unit 214 between a first position (for insertion) and a second position (for use). The term “hinge” as used herein is a broad term and is used in its general sense to include, but is not limited to, referring to any of a variety of pivoting, articulated, and / or articulated mechanisms, such as adhesive hinges, sliding joints, and the like; the term hinge does not necessarily imply a fulcrum or fixed point around which an articulated connection is surrounded. In some embodiments, the contact 238 is formed by the sensor 10 extending through a conductive elastic material (e.g., carbon black elastomer).

[0218] Further reference Figure 2A and 2BIn some embodiments, the mounting unit 214 includes an adhesive pad 208 disposed on the back surface of the mounting unit and comprising a releasable backing layer. Therefore, removing the backing layer and pressing at least a portion of the base 234 of the mounting unit 214 onto the skin of the subject will adhere the mounting unit 214 to the skin of the subject. Alternatively or additionally, after sensor insertion is complete, the adhesive pad may be placed over some or all of the analyte sensor system 8 and / or sensor 10 to ensure adhesion and optionally to ensure an airtight or watertight seal around the wound exit site (or sensor insertion site) (not shown). Appropriate adhesive pads may be selected and designed to stretch, elongate, conform to, and / or ventilate the area (e.g., the skin of the subject). See U.S. Patent No. 7,310,544 for a more detailed description. Figure 2A and 2B The described embodiments, and the aforementioned U.S. patent, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Configurations and arrangements may provide water-resistant, waterproof, and / or hermetically sealed properties associated with the mounting unit / sensor electronics module embodiments described herein.

[0219] Various methods and apparatuses suitable for use in conjunction with aspects of some embodiments are disclosed in U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2009-0240120-A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0220] E. Exemplary Configuration

[0221] See again Figure 1A This document describes a system 100 that can be used in conjunction with aspects of implementing an analyte sensor system. In some cases, system 100 can be used to implement various systems described herein. According to certain aspects of this disclosure, system 100 includes, in embodiments, an analyte sensor system 8 and display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140. In the illustrated embodiments, the analyte sensor system 8 includes a sensor electronics module 12 and a continuous analyte sensor 10 associated with the sensor electronics module 12. The sensor electronics module 12 can wirelessly communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with one or more of the display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140. In embodiments, system 100 also includes a medical device 136 and a server system 134. The sensor electronics module 12 can also wirelessly communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with the medical device 136 and / or the server system 134. Similarly, in some examples, display devices 110 through 140 can also wirelessly communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with the medical device 136 and / or the server system 134. Wireless access point 138, also mentioned below, can be used to facilitate... Figure 1A Various couplings are shown in the figure.

[0222] In some embodiments, the sensor electronics module 12 includes electronic circuitry associated with measuring and processing continuous analyte sensor data, and includes forward-looking algorithms associated with processing and calibrating the sensor data. The sensor electronics module 12 may be physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor 10, and may be integrated with (non-releasable) or releasable attached to the continuous analyte sensor 10. The sensor electronics module 12 may include hardware, firmware, and / or software enabling the measurement of analyte content via a glucose sensor. For example, the sensor electronics module 12 may include a potentiometer, a power source for supplying power to the sensor, other components for signal processing and data storage, and a telemetry module for transmitting data from the sensor electronics module to one or more display devices. The electronics may be attached to a printed circuit board (PCB) and may take various forms. For example, the electronics may be in the form of integrated circuits (ICs), such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), microcontrollers, and / or processors.

[0223] Sensor electronics module 12 may include sensor electronics configured to process sensor information, such as sensor data, and generate transformed sensor data and display sensor information. Examples of systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are described herein and in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,310,544 and 6,931,327, and U.S. Patent Publications 2005 / 0043598, 2007 / 0032706, 2007 / 0016381, 2008 / 0033254, 2005 / 0203360, 2005 / 0154271, 2005 / 0192557, 2006 / 0222566, 2007 / 0203966, and 2007 / 0208245, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

[0224] See again Figure 1ADisplay devices 110, 120, 130, and / or 140 are configured to display (and / or alarm) displayable sensor information that can be transmitted by sensor electronics module 12 (e.g., in a customized data packet transmitted to the display device based on the respective preferences of the display device). Each of display devices 110, 120, 130, or 140 may include a display, such as a touchscreen display 112, 122, 132, / or 142, for displaying sensor information and / or analyte data to a user and / or receiving input from the user. For example, a graphical user interface may be presented to the user for these purposes. In some embodiments, instead of a touchscreen display or other than a touchscreen display, the display device may include other types of user interfaces, such as a voice user interface, for transmitting sensor information to the user of the display device and / or receiving user input. In some embodiments, one, some, or all of the display devices are configured to display or additionally transmit sensor information as if it were transmitted from the sensor electronics module (e.g., in a data packet transmitted to the respective display device), without requiring any additional forward-looking processing required for the calibration and real-time display of the sensor data.

[0225] In exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the medical device 136 may be a passive device. For example, the medical device 136 may be an insulin pump for administering insulin to a user, such as... Figure 1B As shown in the diagram. This insulin pump may need to receive and track glucose values ​​transmitted from the analyte sensor system 8 for various reasons. One reason is to provide the insulin pump with the ability to pause / activate insulin administration based on glucose values ​​below / above a threshold. One solution that allows a passive device (e.g., medical device 136) to receive analyte data (e.g., glucose values) without being integrated with the analyte sensor system 8 is to include the analyte data in notification messages transmitted from the analyte sensor system 8. The data included in the notification message can be encoded so that only a device with identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 8 can decode the analyte data. The medical device 136 may include an input / output section 136a, which may display, for example, glucose and other values ​​and may receive input via a button, wireless connection, or other mechanism. The medical device 136 may also include an attachment section 136b, which interfaces with a user to administer insulin, for example, in response to input received at the input / output section 136a. In some cases, the attachment portion 136b may provide the user with sensory alerts or other notifications based on inputs and / or calculated values ​​received, for example, at the input / output portion 136a.

[0226] Further reference Figure 1AThe plurality of display devices may include custom display devices specifically designed to display certain types of displayable sensor information (e.g., numerical values ​​and arrows in some embodiments) associated with analyte data received from sensor electronics module 12. Analyte display device 110 is an example of such a custom device. In some embodiments, one of the plurality of display devices is a smartphone, such as a mobile phone 120 based on Android, iOS, or other operating systems, and is configured to display a graphical representation of continuous sensor data (e.g., including current and historical data). Other display devices may include other handheld devices, such as tablet computer 130, smartwatch 140, medical device 136 (e.g., insulin delivery device or blood glucose meter), and / or desktop or laptop computers.

[0227] Because different display devices offer different user interfaces, the content of data packets (e.g., the amount, format, and / or type of data to be displayed, alarms, and the like) can be customized (e.g., programmed differently by the manufacturer and / or by the end user) for each specific display device. Therefore, in Figure 1A In some embodiments, during a sensor session, multiple different display devices can communicate directly with the sensor electronics module (e.g., the on-skin sensor electronics module 12 physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor 10) to enable multiple different types and / or levels of display and / or functionality associated with displayable sensor information, which is described in more detail elsewhere herein.

[0228] like Figure 1A Further explanation indicates that system 100 may also include a wireless access point (WAP) 138, which can be used to couple one or more of the analyte sensor system 8, the plurality of display devices, server system 134, and medical device 136 to each other. For example, WAP 138 may provide WiFi and / or cellular connectivity within system 100. Near field communication (NFC) may also be used between devices in system 100. Server system 134 may be used to collect analyte data from analyte sensor system 8 and / or the plurality of display devices to, for example, perform analysis thereon, generate general or individualized models of glucose levels and profiles, etc.

[0229] Now for reference Figure 3A The diagram depicts system 300. System 300 can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the disclosed systems, methods, and apparatus. For example, Figure 3A The various components described below can be used, for example, to provide wireless communication of glucose data between an analyte sensor system and multiple display devices, medical devices, servers, etc.

[0230] like Figure 3AAs shown, system 100 may include an analyte sensor system 308 and one or more display devices 310. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, system 300 includes a server system 334, which in turn includes a server 334a coupled to a processor 334c and a storage device 334b. The analyte sensor system 308 may be coupled to the display device 310 and / or the server system 334 via a communication medium 305. For example, reference is made below. Figure 6 Numerous details are provided regarding the processing, collection, and exchange of data via the analyzer sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, etc.

[0231] As will be described in detail herein, the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 can exchange messages via a communication medium 305, which can also be used to transmit analyte data to the display device 310 and / or the server system 334. As mentioned above, the display device 310 may include various electronic computing devices, such as smartphones, tablet computers, laptop computers, wearable devices, etc. The display device 310 may also include an analyte display device 110 and a medical device 136. It should be noted here that the GUI of the display device 310 can perform several functions, such as accepting user input and displaying menus and information derived from the analyte data. The GUI can be provided by various operating systems known in the art, such as iOS, Android, Windows Mobile, Windows, Mac OS, Chrome OS, Linux, Unix, gaming platform OS (e.g., Xbox, PlayStation, Wii), etc. In various embodiments, the communication medium 305 may be based on one or more wireless communication protocols, such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee, WiFi, 802.11 protocol, infrared (IR), radio frequency (RF), 2G, 3G, 4G and / or wired protocols and media.

[0232] In various embodiments, the elements of system 300 may be used to perform the various processes described herein and / or to perform the various operations described herein with respect to one or more of the disclosed systems and methods. Upon review of this disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that system 300 may include multiple analyte sensor systems, communication media 305, and / or server systems 334.

[0233] As mentioned, communication medium 305 can be used to connect or communicatively couple the analyzer sensor system 308, display device 310, and / or server system 334 to each other or to a network, and communication medium 305 can be implemented in various forms. For example, communication medium 305 may include Internet connections, such as local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), fiber optic networks, powerline Internet, hard-wired connections (e.g., buses), and the like, or any other type of network connection. Communication medium 305 can be implemented using any combination of routers, cables, modems, switches, fiber optics, wires, radio (e.g., microwave / RF links), and the like. Furthermore, communication medium 305 can be implemented using various wireless standards, such as... BLE, Wi-Fi, 3GPP standards (e.g., 2G GSM / GPR / EDGE, 3G UMTS / CDMA2000, or 4G LTE / LTE-U), etc. Upon reading this disclosure, those skilled in the art will recognize other ways in which communication medium 305 can be implemented for communication purposes.

[0234] Server 334a may receive, collect, or monitor information containing analyte data and related information from analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, such as input in response to analyte data or input received in conjunction with an analyte monitoring application running on analyte sensor system or display device 310. In these cases, server 334a may be configured to receive such information via communication medium 305. This information may be stored in storage device 334b ​​and may be processed by processor 334c. For example, processor 334c may include an analysis engine capable of performing analysis on information that server 334a has collected, received, etc., via communication medium 305. In embodiments, server 334a, storage device 334b, and / or processor 334c may be implemented as a distributed computing network, for example... A network, or implemented as a relational database or similar.

[0235] Server 334a may include, for example, an Internet server, router, desktop or laptop computer, smartphone, tablet computer, processor, module, or the like, and may be implemented in various forms, including, for example, integrated circuits or sets thereof, printed circuit boards or sets thereof, or implemented in discrete housings / packages / racks or more thereof. In embodiments, server 334a at least partially directs communications conducted on communication medium 305. Such communications include the delivery and / or messaging (e.g., announcements, commands, or other messages) and analyte data. For example, server 334a may process and exchange messages related to frequency bands, transmission timing, security, alarms, etc., between analyte sensor system 308 and display device 310. Server 334a may update information stored on analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, for example, by delivering an application to analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310. Server 334a may send / receive information to / from analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310 in real time or intermittently. In addition, server 334a can implement cloud computing capabilities for the analyzer sensor system 308 and / or display device 310.

[0236] Figure 3B System 302 is described, which includes examples of additional aspects of this disclosure that can be used in conjunction with an implementation of an analyte sensor system. For example, reference is made below. Figure 6 Numerous details are provided regarding the processing, collection, and exchange of data via the analyzer sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, etc. For example... Figure 3B As illustrated, system 302 may include an analyte sensor system 308. As shown, the analyte sensor system 308 may include an analyte sensor 375 coupled to sensor measurement circuitry 370 for processing and managing sensor data (e.g., in…). Figure 1A (This can also be specified by reference numeral 10). The sensor measurement circuit 370 can be coupled to the processor / microprocessor 380 (e.g., it can be...). Figure 1A (Part of item 12 in the document). In some embodiments, processor 380 may perform part or all of the functions of sensor measurement circuitry 370 for acquiring and processing sensor measurement values ​​from sensor 375. Processor 380 may be further coupled to radio unit or transceiver 320 (e.g., which may be...). Figure 1A(Part of item 12) is used for transmitting sensor data and receiving requests and commands from external devices such as display device 310, which can be used to display or additionally provide sensor data (or analyte data) to a user. As used herein, the terms "radio unit" and "transceiver" are used interchangeably and generally refer to a device capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving data. The analyte sensor system 308 may further include a storage device 365 (e.g., which may be...) Figure 1A (Part 12 of the project) and the real-time clock (RTC) 380 (for example, it could be...) Figure 1A (Part of Item 12) is used for storing and tracking sensor data.

[0237] As mentioned above, wireless communication protocols can be used to transmit and receive data between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 via communication medium 305. These wireless protocols can be designed for wireless networks optimized for periodic, small data transmissions to and from multiple devices in close proximity (e.g., a personal area network (PAN)). For example, one such protocol can be optimized for periodic data transmissions, where the transceiver can be configured to transmit data in short intervals and then enter a low-power mode in longer intervals. The protocol can have low overhead requirements for normal data transmission and for initial setup of the communication channel (e.g., by reducing overhead) to reduce power consumption. In some embodiments, burst broadcast schemes (e.g., one-way communication) can be used. This eliminates the overhead required for acknowledgment signals and allows for periodic transmissions consuming very little power. In other embodiments, passive or active proximity-based protocols can be used to reduce overhead (e.g., the overhead associated with typical pairing operations) and / or increase security, with NFC being a specific example.

[0238] The protocol can be further configured to establish communication channels with multiple devices while implementing interference avoidance schemes. In some embodiments, the protocol can utilize an adaptive isochronous network topology, which defines various time slots and frequency bands for communication with several devices. The protocol can therefore modify the transmission window and frequency in response to interference and support communication with multiple devices. Thus, the wireless protocol can use a time-frequency division multiplexing (TDMA) based scheme. The wireless protocol can also employ direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and frequency hopping spread spectrum schemes. Various network topologies can be used to support short-range and / or low-power wireless communication, such as peer-to-peer, star, tree, or mesh network topologies, such as WiFi, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The wireless protocol can operate in various frequency bands, such as the open ISM band, for example, 2.4 GHz. Furthermore, to reduce power consumption, the wireless protocol can adaptively configure the data rate according to power consumption.

[0239] Further reference Figure 3B System 302 may include a display device 310 communicatively coupled to the analyte sensor system 308 via a communication medium 305. In the illustrated embodiment, the display device 310 includes a connectivity interface 315 (which in turn includes a transceiver 320), a storage device 325 (which stores an analyte sensor application 330 and / or additional applications), a processor / microprocessor 335, a graphical user interface (GUI) 340 that can be rendered using the display 345 of the display device 310, and a real-time clock (RTC) 350. A bus (not shown here) may be used to interconnect various components of the display device 310 and to transfer data between these components.

[0240] Display device 310 can be used to alert and provide sensor information or analyte data to the user, and may include a processor / microprocessor 335 for processing and managing sensor data. Display device 310 may include a display 345, a storage device 325, an analyte sensor application 330, and a real-time clock 350 for displaying, storing, and tracking sensor data. Display device 310 may further include a radio unit or transceiver 320 coupled to other components of display device 310 via a connectivity interface 315 and / or a bus. Transceiver 320 can be used to receive sensor data and to send requests, instructions, and / or data to analyte sensor system 308. Transceiver 320 may further employ a communication protocol. Storage device 325 may also be used to store the operating system of display device 310 and / or custom (e.g., proprietary) applications designed for wireless data communication between the transceiver and display device 310. Storage device 325 may be a single memory device or multiple memory devices, and may be volatile or non-volatile memory for storing data and / or instructions for software programs and applications. Instructions can be executed by processor 335 to control and manage transceiver 320.

[0241] In some embodiments, when using standardized communication protocols, commercially available transceiver circuitry can be utilized, incorporating processing circuitry to handle low-level data communication functions, such as data encoding management, transmission frequency, signal exchange protocols, and similar handshake protocols. In these embodiments, processors 335 and 380 do not need to manage these activities; instead, they provide the required data values ​​for transmission and manage advanced functions such as power-on or power-off, setting the rate of message transmission, etc. Instructions and data values ​​for performing these advanced functions can be provided to the transceiver circuitry via a data bus and transmission protocol established by the manufacturer of transceivers 320 and 360.

[0242] Components of the analyte sensor system 308 may require periodic replacement. For example, the analyte sensor system 308 may include an implantable sensor 375, which can be attached to a sensor electronics module containing sensor measurement circuitry 370, a processor 380, a storage device 365, a transceiver 360, and a battery (not shown). The sensor 375 may require periodic replacement (e.g., every 7 to 30 days). The sensor electronics module may be configured to be powered and operational for a much longer period than the sensor 375 (e.g., up to three to six months or more) until the battery needs replacement. Replacing these components can be difficult and requires the assistance of trained personnel. Reducing the need to replace these components (specifically the battery) significantly improves the convenience and cost of using the analyte sensor system 308, including for the user. In some embodiments, when the sensor electronics module is first used (or, in some cases, reactivated after a battery replacement), it can be connected to the sensor 375 and a sensor session can be established. As will be further described below, there may be a process for initially establishing communication between the display device 310 and the sensor electronics module when the module is first used or reactivated (e.g., when the battery is replaced). Once communication has been established between the display device 310 and the sensor electronics module, they can remain in communication periodically and / or continuously for the lifetime of several sensors 375, until, for example, a battery replacement is required. Each time a sensor 375 is replaced, a new sensor session can be established. The new sensor session can be initiated by a process performed using the display device 310, and this process can be triggered by a notification of a new sensor via communication between the sensor electronics module and the display device 310, which can be persistent across the sensor session.

[0243] In an exemplary embodiment, the analyte sensor system 308 collects analyte data from sensor 375 and transmits it to display device 310. Data points regarding analyte values ​​can be collected and transmitted over the lifetime of sensor 375 (e.g., in the range of 1 to 30 days or more). New measurements can be transmitted frequently enough to adequately monitor glucose levels. Instead of continuous communication between the transmission and reception circuitry of each of the analyte sensor system 308 and display device 310, a communication channel can be established between them regularly and / or periodically. Therefore, in some cases, the analyte sensor system 308 can communicate wirelessly with display device 310 (e.g., a handheld computing device, medical device, or proprietary device) at predetermined time intervals. The duration of the predetermined time interval can be selected to be long enough that the analyte sensor system 308 does not consume excessive power by transmitting data more frequently than necessary, but is frequent enough to provide substantially real-time sensor information (e.g., measured glucose values ​​or analyte data) to the display device 310 for output to the user (e.g., via display 345). Although in some embodiments the predetermined time interval is every five minutes, it should be understood that this time interval can be changed to any desired length of time.

[0244] Continue to refer to Figure 3B As shown in the figure, the connectivity interface 315 interfaces the display device 310 to the communication medium 305, enabling the display device 310 to be communicatively coupled to the analyte sensor system 308 via the communication medium 305. The transceiver 320 of the connectivity interface 315 may include multiple transceiver modules operable according to different wireless standards. The transceiver 320 can be used to receive analyte data and associated commands and messages from the analyte sensor system 308. Additionally, the connectivity interface 315 may, in some cases, include additional components for controlling radio and / or wired connections, such as baseband and / or Ethernet modems, audio / video codecs, etc.

[0245] Storage device 325 may include volatile memory (e.g., RAM) and / or non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory), and may include any of EPROM, EEPROM, cache memory, or a combination / variation thereof. In various embodiments, storage device 325 may store user input data and / or other data collected by display device 310 (e.g., input from other users collected via analyte sensor application 330). Storage device 325 may also be used to store large amounts of analyte data received from analyte sensor system 308 for later retrieval and use, such as for trend determination and alert triggering. Additionally, storage device 325 may store analyte sensor application 330, which receives input (e.g., via conventional hard / soft keys or touchscreen, voice detection, or other input mechanisms) when executed using, for example, processor 335, and allows users to interact with analyte data and related content via GUI 340, as will be described in further detail herein.

[0246] In various embodiments, a user can interact with the analyte sensor application 330 via a GUI 340, which may be provided by a display 345 of the display device 310. For example, the display 345 may be a touchscreen display that accepts various gestures as input. The application 330 can process and / or present analyte-related data received by the display device 310 according to various operations described herein, and present this data via the display 345. Additionally, the application 330 can be used to acquire, access, display, control, and / or interface with analyte data and related message transmissions and processes associated with the analyte sensor system 308, as described in further detail herein.

[0247] Application 330 can be downloaded, installed, and initially configured / set up on display device 310. For example, display device 310 may obtain application 330 from server system 334 or from another source accessed via communication media (e.g., communication media 305), such as an app store or the like. After installation and setup, application 330 can be used to access and / or interface with analyte data (e.g., whether stored on server system 334, locally from storage device 325, or from analyte sensor system 308). As an example, application 330 may present a menu containing various controls or commands that can be executed in conjunction with the operation of analyte sensor system 308 and one or more display devices 310. Application 330 can also be used to interface with or control other display devices 310, for example, to transmit or make analyte data available to it, including, for example, by directly receiving / sending analyte data to another display device 310 and / or by sending instructions for connecting the analyte sensor system 308 and another display device 310, as will be described herein. Additionally, in some embodiments, application 330 can interact with one or more additional applications supported by display device 310 to, for example, retrieve or supply relevant data. These applications may include, for example, fit / lifestyle monitoring applications, social media applications, etc.

[0248] The analyte sensor application 330 may include various code / functional modules, such as display modules, menu modules, list modules, etc., as will become clear from the various functional descriptions herein (e.g., in conjunction with the disclosed methods). These modules may be implemented individually or in combination. Each module may include computer-readable media and have computer-executable code stored thereon, such that the code is operatively coupled to and / or executed by a processor 335 (which may include, for example, circuitry for such execution) to perform a specific function (e.g., as described herein with respect to various operations and flowcharts, etc.) in relation to and associated with analyte data. As will be further described below, the display module may present various screens to the user (e.g., via display 345) containing a graphical representation of information provided by the application 330. In other embodiments, the application 330 may be used to display to the user an environment for viewing and interacting with various display devices that can be connected to and connected to the analyte sensor system 308, as well as for interacting with the analyte sensor system 308 itself. Sensor application 330 may contain native applications that are modified with a software design kit (e.g., depending on the operating system) to implement the functionality / features described herein.

[0249] See again Figure 3BThe display device 310 also includes a processor / microcontroller 335. The processor 335 may include processor submodules containing, for example, an application processor that interfaces with and / or controls other components of the display device 310 (e.g., connectivity interface 315, application program 330, GUI 340, display 345, RTC 350, etc.). The processor 335 may include controllers and / or microcontrollers that provide various controls related to device management (e.g., an interface with buttons and switches), such as a list of available or previously paired devices, information related to measurements, information related to network conditions (e.g., link quality and the like), information related to the timing, type, and / or structure of message transmissions exchanged between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310, etc. Additionally, the controller may include various controls related to the collection of user input, such as the user's fingerprint (e.g., for authorizing user access to data or for authorizing / encrypting data containing analyte data) and the analyte data itself.

[0250] Processor 335 may include circuitry such as logic circuitry, memory, battery and power circuitry, as well as other circuit drivers for peripheral components and audio components. Processor 335 and any of its subprocessors may include logic circuitry for receiving, processing, and / or storing data received and / or input to display device 310 and data to be transmitted or transferred by display device 310. Processor 335 may be coupled via a bus to display 345, connectivity interface 315, and storage device 325 (including application program 330). Therefore, processor 335 can receive and process electrical signals generated by these corresponding elements and thus perform various functions. For example, processor 335 may access stored content from storage device 325 at the instruction of application program 330 and process the stored content for display and / or output to display 345. Additionally, processor 335 may process the stored content for transmission via connectivity interface 315 and communication medium 305 to other display devices 310, analyte sensor system 308, or server system 334. Display device 310 may include... Figure 3B Other peripheral components not shown in detail.

[0251] In other embodiments, processor 335 may further acquire, detect, calculate, and / or store data input by the user via display 345 or GUI 340 or data received from analyte sensor system 308 (e.g., analyte sensor data or related message transmissions) within a time period. Processor 335 may use this input to measure the user's physiological and / or psychological responses to data and / or other factors (e.g., time of day, location, etc.). In various embodiments, user responses or other factors may indicate preferences for the use of certain display devices 310 under certain conditions and / or certain connection / transmission schemes under various conditions, as will be described in further detail herein.

[0252] It should be noted that at this time, elements with the same names between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 may contain similar features, structures, and / or capabilities. Therefore, the description of the display device 310 above can be applied to the analyte sensor system 308 in some cases with respect to these elements.

[0253] Now go to Figure 3C The figure depicts a system 304 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, system 304 includes an analyte sensor system 308 communicatively coupled to display devices 310a and 310b via a communication medium 305a. Display device 310a is also communicatively coupled to display device 310b via communication medium 305b. For example, Figure 3C In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, display device 310a can connect to analyte sensor system 308 using a first connectivity scheme and a first wireless protocol (e.g., BLE). Additionally, display device 310a can also connect to display device 310b using a second connectivity scheme and a second wireless protocol (e.g., Wi-Fi, NFC, etc.). In an embodiment, the connection between display device 310a and analyte sensor system 308 can be subsequently closed, and display device 310b can establish a connection with analyte sensor system 308 while maintaining a connection with display device 310a. Furthermore, for example, display devices 310a and 310b can exchange analyte data with each other via communication medium 305b, wherein each display device 310a, 310b receives analyte data via communication medium 305a, i.e., receives analyte data from analyte sensor system 308. Display device 310c can also connect to display device 310b via communication medium 305c. Throughout this disclosure (including, for example,...), Figure 3D and 3E After that, by Figure 3C The additional aspects and features represented will become apparent.

[0254] Figure 3FThis describes an exemplary implementation of the GUI 340 that can be used according to embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 3D As shown, GUI 340 can be presented via display 345 of display device 310, for example, in conjunction with sensor application 330. Generally, the functionality and features of GUI 340 will be described in further detail with reference to the systems and methods described herein. As an example, GUI 340 can present an interface associated with application 330, including, for example, a display device manager. Such a display device manager can be used to configure various aspects of a system involving analyte monitoring, such as systems 300, 302, 304, 306a, and 306b (e.g., refer to...). Figures 3A-3E For example, display device management (and in some cases, more generally, the interface associated with application 330) can be used to set connection parameters for establishing (or to establish) a connection between analyzer 308 and display device 310, can be used to select a dedicated display device 310, can be used to connect one display device 310a to another display device 310b, etc. (see, for example, reference...) Figures 3A to 3E ).

[0255] like Figure 3F As shown, the display device manager may include an interface module for each of one or more display devices 310 that can be coupled to the analyte sensor system 308 (see, for example...). Figure 3A and 3B Interface module 390a can be used to interface with a first display device (“Display Device 1” or “DD1”) in display device 310; interface module 390b can be used to interface with an analyte display device (“analyte display”) in display device 310; and interface module 390c can be used to interface with a second display device (“Display Device 2” or “DD2”) in display device 310. Each interface module 390a, 390b, 390c may further include a configuration menu 395, which may include several buttons (e.g., touch-sensitive soft keys) to configure various settings for the positive management device. The available buttons and their functionality in configuration menu 395 may be modified, for example, based on the characteristics of the positive management display device and other parameters.

[0256] If combined Figure 3GThe configuration menu 395 can be used to access submenus, which can be used to select specific management options for the display device of interest. Additional buttons that may be included in the GUI 340 are buttons 312a-e. For example, button 312a can be used to add a device to the device manager; button 312b can be used to apply a preset configuration to the device manager; button 312c can be used to notify the user of alerts or manage alert settings; button 312d can be used to navigate back to a previous screen shown in the GUI 340 (e.g., in conjunction with application 330); and button 312e can be used as a soft key to return to the main screen of the display device 310.

[0257] Now go to Figure 3E This provides additional aspects that can be implemented in conjunction with GUI 340. For example... Figure 3G As shown, an embodiment of GUI 340 involves submenus 314a-g of interface modules 390a, 390b, and 390c. Submenu 314a can be accessed via configuration menu 395 of interface module 390a. In this example, submenu 314a corresponds to the "System" option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314a presents options 316a for managing and viewing aspects of the battery characteristics of display device 1, radio configuration and measurements of display device 1, and other devices. Option 316a can be used to select the device to which it will be tethered (e.g., via another device option 316a). (See reference...) Figure 3C With the aid of a specific example, the tethering in this case could involve, for example, two display devices 310a and 310b connected via communication medium 305b. In some cases, the analyzer display and display device 2 could correspond to a known device, while selecting the other device option could initiate a scan for other display devices 310 that can be connected. In other examples, the other device option could be used to tether to a known device. It will be understood that submenu 314a can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., interface module 390b, etc.).

[0258] Submenu 314b corresponds to the “Replace / Remove” option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314b presents option 316b, which includes an option to replace the analyzer display with another display device 310, namely display device 3 (“DD3”), or other devices. Within option 316b, submenu 314b also presents an option to remove the analyzer display from a list of devices (e.g., a whitelist), as will be further described herein (see example...). Figure 10BAgain, in some cases, display device 3 may correspond to a known device, while selecting another device option can initiate a scan for other display devices 310 that can be connected to the analyte display. It will be understood that submenu 314b can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., interface module 390a, etc.). For example, the submenu can be used to replace a user's old smartphone with a new one regarding the use of the analyte sensor system 308.

[0259] Submenu 314c corresponds to "Configuration Parameters" or the configuration parameter option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314c presents option 316c, which contains options for modifying or setting various configuration parameters regarding the connection to the analyte sensor system 8 and the transmission of data from it. Within option 316c, submenu 314c presents options regarding whether configuration parameters are enabled, and then lists additional options related to configuration parameters that are specifically user-controllable. In some examples, these parameters can be monitored and adjusted alternatively or additionally without user intervention (e.g., via display device 310 and / or analyte sensor system 308), for example, by comparing the monitored parameter values ​​with predetermined and / or configurable / adjustable thresholds. In this regard, the user may be able to select which parameters to monitor / adjust via display device 310. In other cases, the selection can be made instantly based on the monitored parameter values ​​and / or other inputs. Therefore, it should be understood that in some cases, the user may not be able to access the connection parameters or may not have permission to use them.

[0260] Therefore, it should be understood that in embodiments of GUI 340, various combinations and implementations of configuration 395 (395a, etc.), submenus 314a-g, and options 316a-g are contemplated in conjunction with this disclosure. For example, submenu 314c corresponds to "Configuration". The parameter "" may be omitted, such that the connection parameters may be invisible to the user by default and / or accessible or changeable by the user. In such examples, the connection parameters may be stored in the memory 325 of the display device 310 and may be combined with establishing and / or maintaining a connection between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 (and / or, in some cases, another display device 310).

[0261] In this embodiment, quality options (not shown) can be adjusted by the user to control or interface with configuration parameters related to Quality of Service (QoS), as will be further described herein. Furthermore, as mentioned in further detail elsewhere herein, QoS-related parameters can also be monitored / adjusted by the analyzer sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, for example, based on thresholds related to link quality. Quality options can be accessed via preference configuration 395. Users can adjust location options to control or interface with location-related configuration parameters, as will be further described herein. Users can adjust time options to control or interface with configuration parameters related to time of day, as will be further described herein. Users can adjust power options to control or interface with configuration parameters related to battery power, as will be further described herein. These options can be accessed, for example, via preference configuration 395.

[0262] Submenu 314d corresponds to a pop-up window option related to the device involved in interface module 390a (i.e., display device 1 (DD1) in this example). More specifically, submenu 314d indicates, via grayed-out option 316d, whether the device of interest is on a whitelist, as will be described further herein. Option 316d is grayed out in this example to indicate that it is not selectable in some cases, but is used to present information about the whitelist status. (Not specifically referenced) Figure 3E The different submenus described (“whitelist / blacklist”) can be used to add / remove specific devices from the whitelist (or add / remove them from the blacklist). It will be understood that submenu 314d can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., interface module 390a, etc.).

[0263] Submenu 314e corresponds to the “Dedicated” option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314e presents option 316e, which includes the option to make the display device of interest (here, the analyte display) a dedicated display device for connecting to and receiving data from and / or exchanging control signaling with the analyte sensor system 308. Option 316e of submenu 314e presents an option to indicate yes or no regarding whether the analyte display is a dedicated display device, as will be further described herein. It will be understood that submenu 314e can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., interface module 390a, etc.).

[0264] Submenu 314f corresponds to the “Connection Status” option. In this regard, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314f presents option 316f, which includes options for setting or configuring (e.g.,) the connection mode between the display device of interest (here, display device 2) and the analyte sensor system 308. Within option 316f, submenu 314f presents options regarding the connection for connection model, connected, and others, as will be further described herein. As an example, submenu 314f may provide the user with information about the connection model used without allowing the user to modify the connection model or select a connection model from a set of options. However, in other cases, the user may be able to use this option to manually select the connection model to use. Additionally, connection option 316f may indicate to the user whether display device 2 is currently connected to the analyte sensor system 308. It will be understood that submenu 314f can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., interface module 390a, etc.).

[0265] Submenu 31gc corresponds to the "Pairing" option. In this respect, when selected (e.g., via a touch gesture on display 345), submenu 314g presents option 316g, which includes options related to the identification, selection, and / or pairing of the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display devices 310a, 310b, etc. In option 316g, submenu 314g presents an ID number option, which is related to identification-related information (e.g., regarding the analyte sensor system 308); a discovered device, which is related to a set of identified display devices 310a, 310b, etc.; a confirmation selection, which can be used by the user to manually confirm the connection selection between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310; and an interaction level, which can be used to set and / or modify the amount of user interaction used regarding the identification and / or selection of devices in conjunction with the pairing process. It will be understood that submenu 314f can be implemented in conjunction with any other interface module (e.g., interface module 390a, etc.).

[0266] This section does not refer to the detailed description of 3G. Figure 3G And certain submenus and / or options disclosed in this disclosure, but further described below. Figure 3G The embodiments shown are various aspects. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that the GUI 340 can present various additional submenus and / or options, and will also understand that additional submenus and options are within the scope and spirit of this disclosure.

[0267] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating potential aspects of an analytical substance sensor system 408 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, said potential aspects being in an exemplary implementation associated with operation according to an intermittent connection model. Figure 4The aspects of the analyte sensor system 408 shown can be implemented within a subsystem 400 of the analyte sensor system 408, and can generally be used to manage the radio interface between the analyte sensor system 408 and any display device communicatively coupled thereto via a wireless protocol such as BLE. For example, an application programming interface (API) 450 can be provided to enable the display device to communicate with a processor 420 (e.g., processor 380) via a radio device 425, which may include a BLE or other RF or microwave transceiver (e.g., transceiver 360). The processor 420 can be used to process analyte data collected by the sensor 405 (e.g., sensor 375).

[0268] As shown in the figure, within the analyte sensor system 408, subsystem 400 may include sensor 405 (e.g., sensor 10), analog front end (AFE) 410 (e.g., sensor electronics module 12), battery 415, processor 420, and radio device 425. The design of the analyte sensor system 408, including the design relative to subsystem 400 and associated software, enables multi-chip operation and management, and specifically, the operation and / or management is implemented according to the power-saving principles described herein and may involve implementing system configurations that support / maximize power savings. For example, the design enables system startup, inter-chip communication, application task scheduling, storage, and maximization of battery life in operational modes, as well as the utilization of control points and indications via API 450 associated with radio device 425.

[0269] The storage mode can be used for operation of the analyte sensor system 408 before it is inserted into the body. For example, after detecting that sensor 405 has been inserted into the body, the analyte sensor system 408 can automatically exit the storage mode and enter an active mode. In the storage mode, the radio device 425 can be at least partially disabled to save power. Similarly, the processor 420 can be at least partially disabled, for example, by disabling the clock used by the processor 420 (e.g., RTC 350). Furthermore, it is contemplated that the radio device 425 can be configured into a deep sleep mode in the storage mode. This can advantageously extend / maximize the battery life of the analyte sensor system 408. It is further contemplated in an embodiment that the analyte sensor system 408 can exit the storage mode after, for example, interacting with the display device 310 via NFC.

[0270] In operational mode, low-power mode (LPM) can still be used (e.g., to extend / maximize battery life), but RTC 350 can be activated / enabled. This allows processor 420 to accurately track time and perform other clock-based functions while still considering power conservation. For example, RTC 350 can be used to perform error recovery using a time-based counter and interrupts. The following error recovery scenarios are provided as examples. In one example, if a response message is not received from radio device 425 within a given amount of time, processor 420 can reset radio device 425. In another example, periodic interrupts can be used where the analyzer sensor system 408 can be reset by hardware logic if the logic of RTC 350 fails. In an additional implementation, if a message or signal associated with wake-up source 435 (or AFE 410) is not received or fails, an interrupt (e.g., an RTC interrupt) can be used to take processor 420 out of LPM and perform communication functions.

[0271] Processor 420 can act as a system controller for subsystem 400 within analyte sensor system 408. For example, after initialization, radio device 425 can enter a sleep state and await instructions from processor 420. AFE 410 can initialize to a default state and similarly await configuration instructions / commands from processor 420. Processor 420 can control the reset of AFE 410 and / or radio device 425 upon detecting an error. Processor 420 can also self-reset upon detecting an internal error condition (e.g., using a hardware watchdog).

[0272] The subsystem 400 of the analyzer sensor system 8 can utilize a multi-chip (or multi-module) design, in which case a hardware communication bus can be used for data exchange between various chips (or modules). Examples of feasible options for the hardware communication bus include internal integrated circuits (I2C or I2C) and a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). SPI can be used to achieve reduced power and increased speed compared to I2C.

[0273] Wake-up source 435 and raw sensor data 430 can be used to maximize the battery life of analyte sensor system 408. In this example, AFE 410 can be used as a wake-up source for components of subsystem 400. However, other wake-up sources can be utilized. During normal operation, AFE 410 can allow processor 420 to enter a low-power efficiency mode (LPM). Wake-up source 435 can be used to signal processor 420 to exit LPM, so that, for example, processor 420 can perform operations that are not available during LPM in this example. Wake-up source 435 can periodically signal processor 420 in this manner and trigger processor 420 to begin processing or performing operations. Analyte sensor system 408 may include multiple processors, as referenced below. Figure 5 As mentioned, in some cases, wake-up source 435 can be used to implement hierarchical task processing so that not all processors are active at the same time. This technique can reduce power consumption and thus extend battery life. For example, wake-up source 435 can first signal processor 420 to exit LPM and begin configuring the relevant hardware and software of analyte sensor system 408 to initiate the transmission of raw sensor (analyte) data from AFE 410.

[0274] Raw sensor data 430 may include hardware that transmits sensor data collected by sensor 405 from AFE 410 to processor 420. This type of data may be referred to herein as raw sensor data or raw analyte data. Configuration 440 may be a bidirectional interface between processor 420 and AFE 410. In some cases, configuration 440 may be implemented using I2C, but may also be configured using SPI or another interface. Processor 420 and radio device 425 may both use SPI and / or I2C buses for communication and data transfer. In some cases, when using synchronous protocols (e.g., SPI and the like), additional hardware and software may be used to create an asynchronous interface between processor 420 and radio device 425.

[0275] Now go to Figure 5 The present disclosure provides a block diagram illustrating potential aspects of an analytical material sensor system 508 according to embodiments thereof, which in some cases are associated with operation according to an intermittent connection model. Figure 5The aspects of the analyte sensor system 508 shown can be implemented within a subsystem 500 of the analyte sensor system 508. Specifically, subsystem 500 includes a processor 520 and a radio device 525, which can be modified to include an SPI bus and additional general purpose input / output (GPIO) relative to a communication interface 445, thus creating an asynchronous interface 545 that couples the processor 520 to the radio device 525. The asynchronous interface 545 may be referred to as a message delivery layer in some cases.

[0276] like Figure 5 As shown in the example, asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 505b that provides the chip select (CS) output 505c of radio device 525 to the CS input 505a of processor 520. Furthermore, asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 510b that provides the SPI clock output 515c of radio device 525 to the CLK in processor 520 510a. Asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 515b that provides the multiple input single output (MISO) 530a of processor 520 to the MISO input 530c of radio device 525. Asynchronous interface 545 further includes a connection 530b that provides the multiple output single input (MOSI) output 530c of radio device 525 to the MOSI input 530a of processor 520. Additionally, asynchronous interface 545 includes a connection 535b that provides the request output 535a of processor 520 to the request input 535c of radio device 525. The asynchronous interface 545 also includes a connection 545b that provides the acknowledgment / negative-acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) output 540c of the radio device 525 to the ACK / NACK input 540a of the processor 520.

[0277] Asynchronous interface 545 can provide an asynchronous communication link between processor 520 (which can be used to process analyte data) and a radio processor (e.g., a baseband processor) within radio device 525. Furthermore, asynchronous interface 545 can allow the removal of a master / slave topology from application layer logic. Asynchronous interface 545 can also allow sending / receiving messages in interrupt situations, causing processor 520 and / or the radio processor to remain in a low-power mode until a complete message is ready to be transmitted on the interface. In an exemplary embodiment, messages sent by processor 520 use ACK / NACK and response packets to acknowledge / reject message reception. Hierarchical task processing can also be used relative to subsystem 500 to limit the runtime of each of the processors within processor 520 and radio device 525, minimizing runtime overlap. This reduces stress on battery 415 and minimizes asynchronous message delivery issues.

[0278] Return to Figure 4 AFE 410 can sample raw analyte data from sensor 405 over a period of time (e.g., 5 minutes). During sampling, processors 420 and the processor within radio device 425 (e.g., baseband processor) can remain in low-power mode (LPM). Once AFE 410 has finished sampling, it can signal to processor 420, instructing processor 420 to exit LPM (i.e., to wake up). AFE 410 can then transmit the raw analyte data to processor 420 via configuration 440. AFE 410 can then re-enter LPM. Processor 420 can then process the raw analyte data (e.g., to generate an estimated glucose value) and store the processed analyte data. Processor 420 can then signal the processor of radio device 425 via communication interface 445 to transmit the processed analyte data to radio device 425. Processor 420 can then re-enter LPM while waiting for radio device 425 to connect to a display device (e.g., display device 310). Once this connection is established, the processor 420 can exit the LPM, and the display device and the processor 420 can exchange data, commands, and / or messages via the radio device 425.

[0279] API 450 can be used to interface with devices remote from the analyte sensor system 408 via various wireless protocols. An example of such a protocol is BLE. In this regard, API 450 can allow the analyte sensor system 408 to be configured by a user of a display device (e.g., display device 310) running an application, such as analyte sensor application 330. The analyte sensor application 330 may have been developed by the manufacturer of the analyte sensor system 408 and / or display device 310, or can be developed by any individual or entity. When using the BLE standard to couple a display device to the analyte sensor system 408, BLE features can be configured according to system design parameters.

[0280] Figure 6 This is an operational flowchart illustrating, in conjunction with embodiments of method 600 according to the present disclosure, various operations that can be implemented, for example, by an analyte sensor system 408, wherein, in the examples, such embodiments are associated with operations according to an intermittent connection model. However, it will be understood upon studying this disclosure that modifications can be made. Figure 6 The operation is based on the continuous connection model. For contextual purposes, Figure 6 It includes an analyte sensor system 608 and a subsystem 602. As shown, within subsystem 602, the analyte sensor system 608 may include an AFE 610, a processor 620 (which can be used to process CGM data), and a radio device 625. The analyte sensor system 608 can be used to perform... Figure 6 Various operations are shown to connect (e.g., wirelessly) to a remote device such as a display device (e.g., display device 310 or medical device 136). In this way, analyte data can be transmitted to and processed by the display device. Furthermore, the analyte sensor system 608 and the display device can exchange messages related to configuring the communication protocol for the connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device. Figure 6 The operations illustrated herein may be described in some instances with reference to the BLE protocol, but in any case, those skilled in the art will understand, upon review of this disclosure, that they are derived from the BLE protocol. Figure 6 The aspects shown and described can be applied to other communication protocols.

[0281] Prior to operation 610a, the analyte sensor system 608 may be in LPM or a power-reducing mode, such as "sleep mode." During operation 610a, AFE 610 signals to processor 620 to initiate processing. For example, AFE 610 may signal to processor 620 a wake-up event instructing it to exit low-power mode. As mentioned above, AFE 610 can act as a wake-up source, and operation 610a can correspond to... Figure 4The wake-up source 435 is referenced in the middle. At operation 610b, AFE 610 transmits sensor data (e.g., raw analyte or sensor data) to processor 620. In an exemplary embodiment where the analyte data involves glucose data, processor 620 may be referred to as a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) processor.

[0282] After being signaled to initiate processing (e.g., at operation 610a), processor 620 can process the sensor data passed to the processor at operation 610b at operation 620a. For example, as in Figure 6 According to the reference, processor 620 can calculate an estimated glucose value (EGV) from sensor data. Processor 620 can also store the sensor data and / or another value derived therefrom (e.g., EGV) in a storage device and / or a database (e.g., ...). Figure 3B The storage device 365 shown herein (which in some cases is flash memory) is used. At operation 620b, the processor 620 may signal the radio device 625 (which in some cases may be a BLE radio device) to initiate communication. At operation 620c, the processor 620 may subsequently enter LPM or an associated mode where power consumption is reduced, such as "sleep mode". In embodiments, operation 620c may be omitted so that the processor does not necessarily enter LPM mode, etc. In response to the signal indicating the start of communication sent at operation 620b, the radio device 625 may announce and / or connect to the display device at operation 625a. Examples of the announcement message transmission and associated connection / disconnection protocols will be described in further detail herein.

[0283] Following the notification / connection according to operation 625a, radio device 625 may receive request signaling (e.g., a command request) at operation 630a. The request signaling may be received from the display device and may be a request for analyte data transmission, and / or may relate to various configuration parameters of the analyte sensor system 608 associated with the notification and / or data transmission. In response to receiving the signaling, at operation 625b, radio device 625 may pass the signaling to processor 620. This can be accomplished using interface 445 or 545 (e.g., a messaging layer). In other words, radio device 625 may be configured to pass this signaling to processor 620 using a messaging layer such that, for example, the analyte sensor system 608 does not appear as a multi-chip system to the display device sending the signaling. After passing the signaling (at operation 625b) to processor 620, at operation 625c, radio device 625 may enter LPM or a power-reduced mode, such as "sleep mode". For the continuous connection model, operation 625c can be omitted to avoid entering sleep mode, and instead, as shown in the example in this article (see reference). Figure 7J The description maintains the connection.

[0284] At operation 625d, after receiving a request signaling from radio device 625 (operation 625b), processor 620 can process the signaling to generate a response signaling (e.g., a command response). The response signaling can be passed to radio device 625 at operation 620e. This can be done using interface 445 or 545 (e.g., a messaging layer). In other words, processor 620 can be configured to pass this signaling to radio device 625 using a messaging layer. After receiving the response signaling (sent at operation 620e), radio device 625 can exit LPM or related mode (entered at operation 625c) and send the response signaling to the display device. Simply put, for example, after receiving a request for analyte data from the display device (at operation 630a), analyte sensor system 608 can transmit the response signaling (at operation 625d).

[0285] At operation 620f, processor 620 signals radio device 625 to cease communication. In this way, after sending a response signal (at operation 625d), radio device 625 can disconnect from the display device and enter LPM or a similar mode at operation 625e. Similarly, processor 620 can enter LPM or a similar mode at operation 620g after signaling radio device 625 to cease communication. In embodiments, operation 620g can be omitted, so that the processor does not necessarily enter LPM mode, etc. The analyte sensor system 608 can remain in LPM or a similar mode until AFE 610 subsequently signals processor 620 to re-initiate the various operations described above. For a continuous connection model, operation 625e can be omitted, so that it does not enter sleep mode and / or does not disconnect, but instead, as referred to herein, for example... Figure 7J The description maintains the connection.

[0286] Based on the foregoing description of aspects of the currently disclosed systems and methods for wireless communication of analytical object data, several specific improvements are now provided. Those skilled in the art will appreciate upon studying this disclosure that these improvements can be implemented using features and combinations of features of the exemplary configurations described above, whether or not explicitly referenced thereto. Furthermore, references... Figure 4 , 5 Although embodiments associated with them are in some cases related to operation according to the intermittent connection model, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that such embodiments can be modified for operation according to the continuous connection model described herein.

[0287] F. Notification Timing and Structure

[0288] Additional aspects relate to the order and manner in which various devices (e.g., display device 710) are connected to an analyte sensor system (e.g., analyte sensor system 708), which may depend on the order, timing, structure, and manner of notification messages transmitted to these display devices 710. It should be noted here that references to 708 and 710 are made, but the description applies to any analyte sensor system and / or display device described herein, as will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art upon review of this disclosure. One potential scheme for the sequencing of the connections of the various devices can be described as follows.

[0289] The analyte sensor system 708 notifies and connects to a display device 710 that can be connected, i.e., connects to a display device 710 within range. This can be accomplished, for example, by transmitting a notification message. For example, refer to... Figure 7A Operation 705a is shown in the figure. On the display device side, the display device 710, which attempts to connect to the analyte sensor system 708, may scan for the analyte sensor system 708 or another similar sensor system to connect to it in an exemplary embodiment. This typically requires receiving and processing notification messages being broadcast by the analyte sensor system 708, etc., in order to determine whether any such messages are transmitted by a compatible / desired analyte sensor system 708.

[0290] The display device 710 can then respond to the notification message by sending a connection request back to the analyte sensor system 708. For example, refer to Figure 7A Operation 705b is illustrated. Upon receiving a connection request, the analyte sensor system 708 may accept, reject, or simply ignore the request. In an exemplary embodiment, the analyte sensor system 708 serves only one display device 710 connection at a time. Therefore, one basis for rejecting or ignoring a connection request is that the analyte sensor system 708 is already connected to the display device 710. If no basis exists for rejecting or ignoring the connection request, then the analyte sensor system 708 may accept the request and connect to the display device 710 that sent the request. For example, operation 705b shows the analyte sensor system 708 accepting the request by sending signaling to the display device 710 to indicate that the connection is permitted. Aspects of notification and related context are also referenced by way of example. Figures 7B to 7K To illustrate, see, for example, operations 735a, 765a, and 795a. Further detailed discussion of these figures is provided below.

[0291] Return to reference Figure 7A Once connected, the display device 710 and the analyte sensor system 708 can exchange messages, including the analyte sensor system 708 transmitting analyte data to the display device 710. For example, refer to... Figure 7AOperation 705d is shown in the diagram. In an embodiment, to prevent the display device 710 from remaining connected to the analyte sensor system 708 for longer than expected or required time, the analyte sensor system 708 may enforce a timeout, and / or may cause a forced timeout. That is, for example, there may be a predetermined limit set relative to the duration of the connection, and after its expiration, the connection with the analyte sensor system 708 may be terminated. For example, refer to... Figure 7A Operation 715 is shown in the diagram. This allows other display devices 710 to connect to or attempt to connect to the analyte sensor system 708. The analyte sensor system 708 can maintain a list of display devices 710 that have recently connected to the analyte sensor system 708. In some cases, this may be referred to as a whitelist. The analyte sensor system 708 can use this list to allow only the listed display devices (i.e., the most recently connected display devices) to connect to the analyte sensor system 708.

[0292] Figure 9 This is a timing diagram illustrating an example of the transmission of notification messages according to this disclosure. More specifically, Figure 9 Exemplary embodiments of a notification duration structure 935 are provided for use in conjunction with pairing or connecting an analyte sensor system 708 to a display device 710 and / or an analyte display device 110. In conjunction with the foregoing and embodiments of the notification duration structure 935, a notification message 920 can be sent based on time intervals that occur periodically according to a schedule. This may be referred to in some cases as a notification window interval 905. This period of repetition of this interval can be of any length, but in a particular example it is 5 minutes. However, the notification window interval can be configured or set to vary depending on the nature of the operation of the analyte sensor system 708 relative to the collection and processing of analyte data. Thus, every 5 minutes (in this example), there will be a time window for transmitting the notification message. The time window for the notification message can be considered as the duration for which the notification message can actually be transmitted. This may also be referred to in some cases as a notification duration 910. For example, this window can range from 7 to 22 seconds. However, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that the window of the notification duration can range from 0 to any reasonable amount of time. In some cases, the duration of the window is shorter than the notification window interval of 905.

[0293] During the announcement duration window 910, in some cases, announcement messages 920 may be transmitted periodically according to the announcement message interval 915, but not necessarily. The announcement message interval 915 can be considered as the time interval between sequential or consecutive announcement messages 920. A specific example range for the announcement interval 915 is between 20 milliseconds and 90 milliseconds, but upon studying this disclosure, it will be understood that the announcement message interval 915 can be shorter or longer, and / or its length can be adaptively varied or configurable, depending on the relevant circumstances, including adjusting or reconfiguring the message interval 915 during the announcement duration window 910. After the announcement window interval has elapsed, announcement messages 920 can resume transmission, and the announcement duration structure 935 can be repeated (e.g., as 935'). It should also be noted that one or more of the announcement message interval, announcement duration length, and announcement window interval can be reconfigured between announcement duration structures 935 and 935' and / or within the corresponding announcement durations 935, 935', etc.

[0294] For the purposes of the following discussion, the display device will be referred to as display device 710, and the analyte display device will be referred to as analyte display device 110. However, it will be understood that elsewhere in this document, the term display device 710 is broad enough to encompass any display device or collection of display devices, including analyte display device 110 and medical device 136.

[0295] The notification window interval 905, notification duration 910, and notification message interval 915 mentioned above can each vary based on various factors. For example, the values ​​of these parameters can vary based on the type and / or number of existing display devices 710 and / or based on how these display devices 710 have recently been connected to the analyte sensor system 708. These values ​​of these parameters can also be varied to optimize battery life, accelerate connection time, etc. A reduced notification window interval 905, an increased notification duration 910, and a reduced notification message interval 915 can increase the likelihood that a particular display device 710 will successfully connect to the target analyte sensor system 708. However, in this example, there may be an accompanying increase in power consumption.

[0296] Regarding the sequential connection to display device 710, during a time window corresponding to notification duration 910, analyte sensor system 708 may, in some cases, first attempt to connect to display device 710 (e.g., a smartphone) and then to analyte display device 110 (e.g., a proprietary device designed to receive and present analyte data). A potential problem with this connection protocol's order of use is that more time during notification duration 910 may need to be dedicated to connecting to display device 710 compared to connecting to analyte display device 110, for example, because analyte display device 110, as a proprietary display device, may be optimized for use with analyte sensor system 708.

[0297] Furthermore, difficulties may sometimes arise in connecting to the display device 710. If the display device 710 cannot be connected within the time segment of the announcement duration 910 specifically allocated to the display device 710 ( Figure 9 If a connection is established during the period not shown, the analyte display device 110 may still be able to connect subsequently by sending a notification message 920 during other portions or time segments within the notification duration 910. However, in some cases, the time segment allocated to the display device 710 within the notification duration 910 is limited by another time segment dedicated to the analyte display device 110, making it infeasible to allocate additional time segments for connection establishment to the display device 710. Alternatively, if additional time is allocated to the display device 710 from the notification duration 910, the analyte display device 110 may not have sufficient time available for connection establishment.

[0298] Therefore, aspects of this disclosure also include configuring the order of connections for various display devices 710, including relative to the analyte display device 110, and configuring notification window interval 905, notification duration 910, and notification message interval 915, as well as other features associated with and / or related to notification message transmission. The order of connections for various display devices 710 and the analyte display device 110 configured according to this disclosure can increase the likelihood of establishing a connection between such display devices, which include both display devices 710 and the analyte display device 110, and the analyte sensor system 708 on the other hand, while also reducing power consumption due to improved efficiency of the connection protocol. In this way, the overall reliability of communication related to analyte data is improved, while power consumption is reduced. Relatedly, a method for connecting the analyte sensor system 708 to the analyte display device 110 and the display device 710 is provided.

[0299] G. Announcement / Message

[0300] Figure 8 Description of various aspects of this disclosure (e.g., references) Figure 7A An exemplary structure for announcing message 800 (at operation 705, etc.) is provided, which in some cases may be transmitted for the purpose of establishing a connection between two devices. In some cases, the announcement message 800 may be considered as a packet or announcement packet. In the illustrated example, the announcement message 800 includes rows (fields) 800a-800i and columns 805', 810', and 815'. Although the announcement message 800 is represented in matrix form for visual / organizational convenience, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that, in terms of digital signals, the announcement message 800 can be represented by a one-dimensional array of bits or bytes, such as arranged according to fields and subfields in a predetermined manner. In other words, if rows 800a-i of the matrix format of the announcement message 800 are decomposed and concatenated end-to-end, then the message 800 will appear as a one-dimensional array. Each field 800a, 800b, ... 800i can be considered as a row corresponding to notification message 800, and a subfield can be considered as a cell corresponding to a specific column within a specific row. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, within field 800a, range 805a is a subfield or cell corresponding to column 805'.

[0301] In the exemplary embodiment, column 805' corresponds to address 805. Address 805 includes ranges 805a-i, where each range 805a-i can represent a range of bytes reserved for the corresponding field. Within each field 800a-i, a number of bytes can be reserved for each unit. That is, by way of example, one byte (address 805a can refer to the address of field 800a within message 800 as byte zero "0") can be used for preamble 810a. The number of bytes is not required for each unit of the column spanning various fields 800a-i, but in some cases can be the same. That is, by way of example, two bytes can be used for each unit 805a-i of address 805, and two bytes can be used for each unit 810a-i describing 810. Furthermore, a variable number of bytes can be used in units 815a-i of value 815. In other examples, different numbers of bytes can be used, and many variations are contemplated within the scope and spirit of this disclosure. It should also be understood that any number of rows and columns can be used, subject to the laws of physics and, in some cases, standardized communication protocols.

[0302] Further reference Figure 8Column 805' corresponds to address 805 in this example. Units 805a-i may each contain a value (e.g., binary, hexadecimal, or similar) representing the length of the corresponding field 800a-i. Each length may, in some cases, be represented by the start and end positions of the corresponding field. Column 810' corresponds to description 810 in this example. Units 810a-i may each contain a value representing the description of the corresponding field 800a-i. For example, field 800a in this example is described by the value in unit 810a as a preamble for notification message 800. Column 815' corresponds to value 815 in the illustrated example. Units 815a-i may each contain a value representing the value of the corresponding field 800a-i (e.g., the opposite of an address or description). For example, unit 815e may contain bytes equivalent to a value representing a device name (e.g., for analytical sensor system 708). MAC address 810d may contain an address for analytical sensor system 708.

[0303] Embodiments of this disclosure may relate to employing message 800 to improve the reliability, speed, and / or efficiency of aspects related to wireless communication of analyte data. In some cases, the value 815d of the MAC address field 810d may be dynamically configurable to be specific to a particular display device 710 or a set of display devices 710, or to other remote devices that can be connected to and targeted by the analyte sensor system 708. In some cases, analyte data and / or associated control signaling and the like, or portions thereof, may be included in reserved time slots within the notification packet (e.g., refer to...). Figure 7E (Operation 765a). For example, analytical data and these may be included in manufacturing data field 800h. According to various embodiments, other time slots may be used for similar purposes. After studying this disclosure, it will be advantageous to discover other such embodiments utilizing aspects of notification message 800.

[0304] H. Identification, Selection, and Matching

[0305] In an exemplary embodiment, the analyte sensor system 308 is connected to a device such as a display device 310 (see reference). Figure 3A Prior to this, it may be necessary to identify and / or select the appropriate analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310. In some exemplary use cases, the display device 310 may present more than one analyte sensor system 308 that can be connected. One such use case may occur, for example, in a hospital room where multiple analyte sensor systems 308 are activated for a patient. In this case, a corresponding display device 310 for each patient is connected to the analyte sensor system 308 for that patient. Techniques for identifying the appropriate analyte sensor system 308 are discussed herein.

[0306] In some exemplary use cases, a single analyte sensor system 308 may sometimes have the opportunity to connect to more than one display device 310. For example, such a use case may occur in a user's home where the user may be near multiple display devices 310, such as analyte displays, smartphones, tablets, watches, televisions, and other devices. In this context, techniques for identifying one or more display devices 310 for connection and for determining suitable connections are discussed herein.

[0307] Once a suitable system / device is identified and selected, the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 can be paired and / or combined. Furthermore, in some cases, authentication procedures can be implemented for, for example, data security / privacy purposes. Ultimately, data such as analyte data and control signaling can then be exchanged between the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 based on the established connection (whether using a continuous connection model or an intermittent connection model, as discussed below).

[0308] In conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure, device / system selection may refer to selecting a device to connect to, pairing may refer to exchanging information to make / establish a connection, and combination may refer to storing pairing information from a previously exchanged pairing so that the stored information can be used to establish a subsequent connection. Furthermore, the term pairing as used herein may in some cases additionally encompass identification, selection, and / or combination, and in some cases may be used to refer to one or more of identification, selection, pairing, and combination, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of this disclosure.

[0309] It should be understood that in some cases, pairing the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 involves user interaction. For example, a user may provide information, such as information relating to the analyte sensor system 308 to be selected. Such information may be provided manually to the display device 310 (e.g., via GUI 340) to initiate and execute aspects of the identification, selection, pairing, and authentication processes discussed above. While such a manual process has advantages, in some cases, a more automated selection / identification / pairing process involving less user interaction may be preferred. Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure relate to adjusting the amount of user interaction involved in the selection / identification / pairing process. For example, the amount of user interaction involved may be adjusted according to the hierarchy or level of user interaction involved in identifying and / or selecting (or pairing) the display device 310 and / or the analyte sensor system 308 for connection.

[0310] For example, the amount of user interaction involved in the modification can be adjusted according to the hierarchy based on user input directly or indirectly related to the amount of user interaction involved and / or in the absence of user input. In embodiments, the amount of user interaction can be adjusted automatically (including, for example, on the fly). Automatic adjustment can be based on information collected from archives related to previous attempts (success or failure) according to the hierarchy identification and selection of the analyzer sensor systems 308 and / or 310 described below. In some cases, one or more methods described below in the hierarchy may be preferred based on criteria such as time of day, device battery life, quality of service, radio environment, location, and / or the like. The suitability of one or more hierarchies can be determined and implemented based on these and / or other criteria.

[0311] The first level or grade of user interaction involved in the selection / identification process can be associated with higher-level user interactions. For example, a first-level user can manually provide information to facilitate the selection and / or identification (or pairing) of the analyte sensor system 308. This can be accomplished by the user manually entering, for example, an identification number and / or other identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 308. For example, refer to... Figure 3G The GUI 340 of the display device 310 can provide entries of identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 308 using option 314g. The display device 310 can then identify the corresponding analyte sensor system 308, for example, based on information received from notification messages sent by the analyte sensor system 308. Such notification messages may contain identification information (e.g., identification number, manufacturing information, etc.).

[0312] In an exemplary embodiment, the display device 310 can display data from a remote source (e.g., server system 334, see reference for example). Figure 3A The system receives identification information associated with the analyte sensor system 308 (including, for example, an identification number associated with the analyte sensor system 308 and / or its manufacturer) to reduce or alter the amount of user interaction. That is, instead of, or in addition to, the user manually entering identification information into the display device 310, the display device 310 can receive the information from the server system 334 or another remote source.

[0313] One possible approach is for the manufacturer, retailer, or other entity of the analytical substance sensor system 308 to upload or otherwise provide identification information to the server system 334. This information can be received via server 334a, processed by processor 334c, and / or stored in storage device 334b. Users or individuals can then purchase or obtain the analytical substance sensor system 308. For example, purchases can be made in physical stores, online marketplaces, or proprietary online marketplaces provided by the manufacturer of the analytical substance sensor system 308. In some cases, at the time of purchase, the user can directly or indirectly provide user-associated information (e.g., login, password, email address, phone number, etc.) to the seller or manufacturer, for example. This information can then be provided to the server system 334 and associated with the identification information of the analytical substance sensor system 308 purchased by the user (e.g., in a database or cluster residing within the server system 334).

[0314] After obtaining the analyte sensor system 308, the user can obtain and / or launch the application 330, for example, on the user's display device 310. The user can log in to the application 330, allowing the display device 310 to communicate with the server system 334. The user can also provide the application 330 with additional information associated with the user. The application 330 can then interface with the server system 334 to provide at least some user information provided by the user to the application 330. The server system 334 can then use at least some of the received user information to identify the analyte sensor system 308 purchased by the user. The relevant identification information can then be provided to the display device 310. In some cases, the information can be transmitted to the display device 310 and delivered to the application 330 via the application interface. In some cases, the information can be provided to the user via email or other messages. The display device 310 can use the identification information to pair with and / or confirm / verify the identification / selection of the analyte sensor system 308.

[0315] Alternatively, the user can use display device 310 to scan a code or image. This can provide a check for verifying manually entered identification numbers. Or, for example, this can allow at least partial automation of inputting transmitter identification numbers. That is, the user does not need to manually enter the identification number, but only needs to scan the coded identification number. In exemplary embodiments, the identification number may be contained in one or more of capacitive ink, thermal ink, fluorescent ink, barcode, or QR code, which may be used in some cases with such inks and removable labels. Each of these may be contained on the packaging of the analyte sensor system 308, or in some cases may be provided in another way (e.g., via email, text message, in a tangible manner, etc.). In embodiments, image recognition / matching may facilitate or be used for inputting identification numbers.

[0316] In an embodiment, a list of available analyte sensor systems 308 may be provided via a GUI 340 of the display device 310. The list may contain analyte sensor systems 308 discoverable by the display device 310 and may include codes, icons, or other identifying information about the display device 310. The corresponding codes, icons, etc., may be printed on the analyte sensor system 308, printed on a piece of paper, etc., or may be provided electronically (e.g., via email, etc.). The user can then match the code / icon / etc. from the desired analyte sensor system 308 with the corresponding element shown on the display device 310 and select the desired element. In some cases, the code / icon / etc. may be formed by applying a hash function to the identifying information associated with the analyte sensor system 308.

[0317] Alternatively, the provided list may include display devices 310 that can be detected by the analyte sensor system 308. These lists can be categorized / filtered based on various factors (e.g., RSSI, BER, device type, recently connected or otherwise known devices, other identification information, etc.). The user can then select the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310 for connection. Reference Figure 3G For example, option 314g can be used to select display device 310 from a list and / or confirm the selection of display device 310. In some cases, once the identification information of the device has been scanned (e.g., using a received notification message or others), the user may be prompted to confirm the selection of the device. The display device 310 used for selection (including facilitating selection by manually entering information and / or by scanning information) may not be the device ultimately connected to the analyte sensor system 308. Instead, in some cases, the first display device 310 may be used to facilitate connection between the analyte sensor system 308 and the second display device 310.

[0318] Figure 13A This is an operation flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed in conjunction with user interaction at a first level or grade, according to embodiments of this disclosure (e.g.). For illustrative purposes, reference is made herein to... Figure 10D and 10E And the numbers of the components shown therein. However, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that the same components from other drawings of this disclosure may be included in this specification. Figure 13A Within the range.

[0319] Figure 13A The illustrated embodiments relate to aspects of method 1300 for identifying a device for connection. Method 1300 may include, as appropriate, presenting, at operation 1305A, (e.g., via GUI 340) a list of one or more analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b from a set of analyte sensor systems 308 (e.g., referring to...). Figure 10D and 10E At operation 1305B, method 1300 relates to display device 310 receiving input (e.g., via GUI 340 and / or via connectivity interface 315 or its subsystems) that identifies analyte sensor system 308a from the set of analyte sensor systems 308. At operation 1305C, method 1300 relates to display device 310 selecting connected analyte sensor system 308a based on the received input.

[0320] Figure 13B Explanation of method 1302, which includes references to the above text. Figure 13A More details about the operation mentioned in 1305B. Figure 13B As shown, operation 1305B includes, at operation 1310, scanning the coded elements from analyte sensor system 308a or the product packaging of analyte sensor system 308b. Therefore, operation 1310 can provide an exemplary deployment regarding receiving input that identifies analyte sensor system 308a from a set of analyte sensor systems 308, for example, as an analyte sensor system suitable for connection to display device 310.

[0321] While first-level or lower-level user interaction is suitable for many situations, less user interaction may be preferred for some users or usage scenarios. Therefore, second-level or lower-level user interaction involved in the selection / identification / pairing process can be associated with a moderate amount of user interaction. For example, the second-level selection / identification / pairing and connection process can be semi-automatic, and in some cases, the user can manually perform relatively simple and / or quick tasks to facilitate the selection and / or identification of specific analyte sensor systems 308 and / or display devices 310.

[0322] In an exemplary embodiment, incorporating a more automated portion of the selection / identification / pairing process associated with the second level, the display device 310 can be configured to detect the presence of one or more signals from one or more analyte sensor systems 308, and can also be configured to monitor such signals to determine, for example, whether any signal satisfies a set of selection criteria based on the derivative of the signal or the like. If a signal or its derivative satisfies one or more selection criteria, then, for example, a specific analyte sensor system 308 that transmitted the signal can be initially selected for connection to the display device 310.

[0323] For some detected signals monitored in embodiments of the selection process described above, measurements and / or characterizations can be used to derive or otherwise generate statistical measures and / or other derivatives related to the detected signals. For example, such derivatives may include or be associated with the strength or quality of the detected signal determined within a measurement period. Signal strength or quality can be collected, for example, from the bit error rate (BER) or received signal strength indication (RSSI) obtained within a measurement period (a predetermined or adjustable / adaptive measurement period). One or more such measures or information derived based on the detected signals can be compared with a threshold, allowing decisions to be made based on the comparison. For example, in some cases, the pair of display devices 310 and analyte sensor systems 308 with the smallest distance between them will be associated with the maximum RSSI measurement, and thus can be selected for pairing and / or connection based on a comparison of RSSI or the like with a threshold. Similarly, the field of discoverable display devices 310 and / or analyte sensor systems 308 can be narrowed down by filtering out those devices whose RSSI does not exceed a threshold. In another example, a pair of display devices 310 and analyte sensor systems 308 with the lowest BER can be selected for pairing.

[0324] The analyte sensor system 308 or display device 310, or both, can monitor signals, generate derivatives from them, and determine whether the signals meet a set of selection criteria. In some cases, different selection criteria may be used, depending on the device monitoring the signal and / or the device transmitting the signal. Regarding RSSI, both the analyte sensor system 308 and display device 310 can be used to determine the RSSI or similar derivative of the received signal. One or more corresponding RSSI values ​​can then be shared and compared between the analyte sensor system 308 and display device 310. If they agree or are within a predetermined range, RSSI pairing can be confirmed. The determination of whether RSSI values ​​are consistent can be performed at the analyte sensor system 308, display device 310, or both. As an example, a first RSSI value can be calculated at the display device 310 based on the signal received from the analyte sensor system 308. A second RSSI value can be calculated at the analyte sensor system 308 based on at least a similar signal received from the display device 310. The first RSSI value can then be sent to the analyte sensor system 308 for comparison with the second RSSI value, and / or the second RSSI value can then be sent to the display device 310 for comparison with the first RSSI signal. The consistency between the first and second RSSI values ​​can then be used to confirm pairing.

[0325] Figure 10D Examples illustrating how the characteristics of the received or detected signal can be used for functions related to device identification, selection, and / or pairing. That is, Figure 10D An arrangement 1020a is shown, comprising analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b and a display device 310a. The analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b can be connected to the display devices 310a and 310b via communication medium 305 (including by employing various connection models discussed herein).

[0326] Display device 310a can be connected to analyte sensor system 308a via link 1032a (e.g., signals can be transmitted between analyte sensor system 308a and display device 310a via link 1032a). Link 1032a can represent various arrangements and / or configurations described herein. For example, link 1032a can be associated with the distance between analyte sensor system 308a and display device 310a. In some cases, link 1032a can be associated with signal or path conditions (e.g., signal strength, attenuation, etc.) between display device 310a and analyte sensor system 308a. Display device 310a can be connected to analyte sensor system 308b via link 1032d (e.g., via communication medium 305). Similarly, link 1032d can be associated with distance and / or signal or path conditions. Display device 310b can be connected to analyte sensor system 308a via link 1032b and to analyte sensor system 308b via link 1032c.

[0327] like Figure 10D As further shown, the arrangement 1020a in this example can result in measurement pattern 1030a. That is, regarding measurement pattern 1030a, Figure 10D An upper threshold of 1024 and a lower threshold of 1026, along with a threshold increment of 1028, are shown. In this example, the threshold increment 1028 represents the difference between the upper threshold of 1024 and the lower threshold of 1026. This difference can be determined by comparing the two signals or the derivatives of the signals with each other. Furthermore, measurements corresponding to each of links 1032a to 1032d are shown. More specifically, measurements 1034a to 1034d are shown for measurements 1022a to 1022d, respectively, where measurements 1022a to 1022d correspond to links 1032a to 1032d, respectively. That is, for example, measurement 1034a of measurement 1022a corresponds to link 1032a, and so on. As illustrated in this particular example, measurements 1034a and 1034d are within the upper threshold 1024 and the lower threshold 1026 (e.g., measurement 1034a satisfies or is higher than the first threshold 1026 but lower than the second threshold 1024), while measurement 1034b is lower than the lower threshold 1026 and measurement 1034c is higher than both the upper threshold 1024 and the lower threshold 1026.

[0328] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the upper threshold 1024 and the lower threshold 1026 can be employed in various ways. For example, either or both of the upper threshold 1024 and / or the lower threshold 1026 can be used in conjunction with manual or semi-automatic identification, selection, pairing, and / or connection processes, referring to a first and second level or hierarchy of user interaction. Regarding further manual processes discussed above, for example, the upper threshold 1024 and / or the lower threshold 1026 can be used to filter out the analyte sensor system 308 and / or the display device 310, preventing it from appearing on a user-presentable list of devices available for connection (e.g., discoverable devices). In this regard, for example with respect to the analyte sensor system 308a, the display device 310b can be filtered out because the measured value 1034b falls below the lower threshold 1026. Alternatively, an upper threshold 1024 and / or a lower threshold 1026 can be used to automatically select a specific analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310, where information about the selected device can be presented to the user for manual verification (e.g., via GUI 340). Regarding display device 310b, for example, analyte sensor system 308b can be selected because the measured value 1034c is higher than the upper threshold 1024.

[0329] In embodiments, once a particular analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310 is initially selected, relatively simple and / or rapid inputs, tasks, actions, and / or events can be provided, performed, and / or occur to confirm / verify that the selection is appropriate / desirable. For example, after the initial selection, the user can be prompted (e.g., via GUI 340 and / or other means, such as audio and / or haptic feedback) to perform such a task and / or provide such input or the like. In an exemplary embodiment involving the derivative of a signal based on RSSI measurements, once the display device 310 and analyte sensor system 308 are initially selected for pairing / connection, the user can be prompted to move the display device 310 closer to or further away from the analyte sensor system 308. Reference will now be made to... Figures 10A to 10E Examples of how to use these features in connection device selection / pairing, etc., are provided.

[0330] Figure 10A The arrangement 1000a of the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 is described. As shown, the analyte sensor system 308 can be connected to the display device 310 via communication medium 305, and can also be connected to the display device 310 via link 1012a. Figure 10A It also describes a measurement spectrum 1010a that can be generated from environment 1000a. Specifically, regarding measurement spectrum 1010a, Figure 10AThis includes an upper threshold 1004, a lower threshold 1006, and a threshold increment 1008, where, in this example, the threshold increment 1008 represents the difference between the upper threshold 1004 and the lower threshold 1006. Furthermore, in measurement pattern 1010a, the measured value 1014a of measurement 1002a corresponds to link 1012a between display device 310 and analyte sensor system 308 (e.g., where measured value 1014a may be a derivative related to the RSSI between analyte sensor system 308 and display device 310). It should be understood that the measured values ​​herein may be, represent, or can be used to generate the derivative of the signal received via the link (e.g., link 1012a, etc.).

[0331] In measurement pattern 1010a, measurement value 1014a falls within the upper threshold 1004 and the lower threshold 1006. That is, in the example described, measurement value 1014a meets or exceeds (or is higher than) the lower threshold 1006, but falls below (or is lower than) the upper threshold 1004. In an exemplary embodiment, because measurement value 1014a meets or is higher than the lower threshold 1006, display device 310 and / or analyte sensor system 308 can be initially identified / selected. In an embodiment, at this time, the user can be prompted (e.g., graphically, audibly, tactilely, or a combination thereof) to bring display device 310 closer to analyte sensor 308 to confirm / verify the initial selection. Alternatively, the user can be prompted to move display device 310 away from analyte sensor 308 to confirm / verify the initial selection. Figure 10B and 10C Let's describe these two scenarios further.

[0332] Figure 10B The arrangement 1000b of the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 is illustrated. As shown, the analyte sensor system 308 can be connected to the display device 310 via communication medium 305 and link 1012b. In an exemplary embodiment, arrangement 1000b can prompt the user relative to... Figure 10AThe arrangement 1000a shown moves the display device 310 closer to the analyte sensor 308. Where applicable, this can be illustrated by the relative representation of links 1012a / b. Accordingly shown in measurement plot 1010b is the measured value 1014b of measurement 1002b (e.g., which may be used to generate or obtain the derivative of the signal received via link 1012b), corresponding to link 1012b between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308. Further shown in measurement plot 1010b are the measured value 1014a and the measurement increment 1016a, where, in this example, the measurement increment 1016a represents the difference between measured value 1014b and 1014a. Regarding the measured values ​​described herein, in some cases, the user may be prompted to maintain a specific arrangement for a period of time to obtain more accurate measurements. Once the duration has elapsed and / or an accurate measurement has been obtained, the display device 310 and / or the analyte sensor system 308 can notify the user via auditory, visual, and / or tactile feedback.

[0333] Regarding the transition from arrangement 1000a to arrangement 1000b, several techniques can be employed to confirm / verify the initial selection / identification of the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308. In an embodiment, a measurement value 1014b can be monitored / determined / obtained and compared with a threshold 1004. Thus, it can be determined that for arrangement 1000a, the measurement value 1014a drops below the upper threshold 1004, and in / after the transition to arrangement 1000b, the measurement value 1014b meets or exceeds the upper threshold 1004. A measurement value 1014b exceeding the upper threshold 1004 (in the positive or negative direction) can be used to indicate that the initial identifier for selection and / or connection selection is appropriate. As mentioned in the embodiment, the change between measurement values ​​1014b / a can be negative rather than positive. For example, a measurement value 1014b can be measured first where it meets or exceeds the upper threshold 1004. Then, the user can be prompted to move the display device 310 away from the analyte sensor system 308, thereby switching to an arrangement similar to arrangement 1000a, in which the measured value 1014a is below the upper threshold 1004.

[0334] Another technique that can be employed in exemplary embodiments involves comparing a measurement increment 1016a or the like with a threshold. As an example, a threshold for the measurement increment can be predetermined such that if the measurement increment 1016a exceeds the threshold, the initial identifier used for connection or connection selection is confirmed. In some cases, the absolute value of the measurement increment can be used for comparison purposes, such that movement closer to or further away from the analyte sensor system 308 can be used to indicate that the initial identifier / selection is appropriate. In this way, for example, a user moving the display device 310 closer to or further away from the analyte sensor system 308, where the distance moved is somehow related to the resulting change in the measured value (or the derivative of the signal received via the corresponding link), can confirm / verify that the identification / selection is appropriate. In some cases, using the measurement increment 1016a may be more robust than relying on the cross threshold 1004 for selection verification. In some cases, the measurement increment 1016a can be set to avoid false positive verifications based on relatively small fluctuations in the measured values ​​1014a / b (e.g., due to noise, reflections, and / or unintentional movement). In some cases, multiple measurement increments can be used to confirm pairing. For example, in addition to using the first measurement increment 1016a in combination with the first and second arrangements, a second measurement increment can be determined in combination with the second and third arrangements. The first and second measurement increments can then be compared, and pairing can be confirmed if they are at least within a predetermined range from each other. Multiple measurement increments can be used in combination with the mobile display device 310 closer to the analyte sensor system 308 and then further away from the analyte sensor system 308, and vice versa.

[0335] Figure 10C The arrangement 1000 of the analyte sensor system 308 and the display device 310 is described. As shown, the analyte sensor system 308 can be connected to the display device 310 via communication medium 305 and can also be connected to the display device 310 via link 1012c. Reference will be made to various embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 10C This involves the initial selection or identification of the confirmation / verification display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308, especially when a moderate amount of user interaction is deemed appropriate.

[0336] In an exemplary implementation, arrangement 1000c can be made possible by prompting the user relative to... Figure 10AThe arrangement 1000a shown indicates that the display device 310 is moving away from the analyte sensor 308. This is illustrated by the relative representation of links 1012a / c. Measurements 1014c corresponding to measurements 1002c of link 1012c are shown in measurement map 1010c accordingly (e.g., measurement 1002 may correspond to the distance between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 and / or radio conditions such as the path between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308). In some cases, the first and second links may be physically identical in terms of distance, transmission, radio conditions, etc., but may be represented or referenced in different time instances and thus referred to as different links. For example, a signal may be transmitted across the first link at a first time, and due to the difference in time, a signal transmitted across the same physical link at a second time (e.g., in terms of distance, etc.) may be referred to as transmitted via the second link. The measurement spectrum 1010c further shows the measurement value 1014a and the measurement increment 1016b, in which, in this example, the measurement increment 1016b represents the difference between the measurement value 1014a and the measurement value 1014c.

[0337] Regarding the transition from arrangement 1000a to arrangement 1000c, several techniques can be employed to confirm / verify the initial selection / identification of the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308. In an embodiment, a measured value 1014c can be monitored / determined and compared with a lower threshold 1006. Thus, it can be determined that while the measured value 1014a meets or exceeds the lower threshold 1006 for arrangement 1000a, it drops below the lower threshold 1006 during / after the transition to arrangement 1000c. A measured value 1014c exceeding the lower threshold 1006 (in the positive or negative direction) can be used to indicate that the initial identification / selection is appropriate. As mentioned in the embodiment, the change between measured values ​​1014c and 1014a can be positive rather than negative. For example, the measured value 1014c can be measured first, where it does not exceed the lower threshold 1006. Then, the user can be prompted to move the display device 310 closer to the analyte sensor system 308, thereby transitioning to an arrangement similar to arrangement 1000a, where the measured value 1014a exceeds the lower threshold 1006. (As in conjunction with...) Figure 10A and 10B As described, incremental measurement can also be used here.

[0338] Further reference Figures 10A to 10CThe following will describe additional features of this disclosure relating to the initial selection / identification of the verification / confirmation display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308. Specifically, verification / confirmation can be performed using a multi-step process. For example, a measurement value 1014a may first be determined to meet or exceed a lower threshold 1006 but not an upper threshold 1004. The user may then be prompted to move the display device 310 relatively close to the analyte sensor system 308. In some cases, the prompt may be to move the display device 310 very close, or to a defined position relative to the user's body and / or the analyte sensor system 308, such as to the user's hip or abdomen, or within, for example, six inches or more of the analyte sensor system 308. This may produce a measurement value 1014b that meets or exceeds the upper threshold 1004, and may also produce a measurement increment 1016a.

[0339] Next, in response to meeting or exceeding the upper threshold 1004, the user may be prompted to move the display device 310 away from the analyte sensor system 308. In an embodiment, the prompt may be to move the display device 310 approximately away from the length of an arm, or to move it a specific distance relative to a defined position on the user's body, or away from the initial position (e.g., 24 inches). This may produce a measurement value 1014c, which is below the lower threshold 1006, and may produce a measurement increment 1016c. Therefore, the initial selection / identification of the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 may be confirmed / verified using a sequence that first crosses the upper threshold 1004 (e.g., in the positive direction) and then crosses the lower threshold 1006 (e.g., in the negative direction) relative to the measurement value. Conversely, the same sequence may be employed involving first crossing the lower threshold 1006 (e.g., in the negative direction) and then crossing the upper threshold 1004 (e.g., in the positive direction).

[0340] Many variations of the above have been considered in conjunction with this disclosure. For example, in some cases, in the initial arrangement (e.g., arrangement 1000b), the display device 310 may be positioned relatively close to the analyte sensor system 308, such that a measurement value 1014b, etc., may exceed an upper threshold 1004. For example, a user may keep the display device 310 very close to the analyte sensor system 308. This may happen, for example, if the analyte sensor system 308 is placed on the user's abdomen and the user removes the display device 310 from the user's front pocket near the abdomen. Here, a single measurement or derivative (e.g., an RSSI measurement based on the close proximity of the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308) may be insufficient to perform accurate identification / selection. In this case, it may be impractical for the user to move the display device 310 closer to the analyte sensor system 308. Therefore, the user may be prompted to move the display device 310 away from the analyte sensor system 308, for example, far enough that a threshold such as the lower threshold 1006 is crossed and a measurement value 1014c, etc., is obtained. Then, the user can be prompted to move the display device 310 closer to the analyzer display device 310, thereby essentially restoring the arrangement 1000b, so that the upper threshold 1004 is crossed and the measurement value 1014b is obtained, etc.

[0341] Therefore, and as described above, the exemplary solution involves employing multiple thresholds. For example, if the detected RSSI meets or exceeds an upper threshold 1004 (e.g., when the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 are relatively close), the display device 310 can be configured to prompt the user to move the display device 310 further away from the analyte sensor system 308. In some cases, the user is prompted to move the display device 310 further until the RSSI falls below a lower threshold 1006. Or vice versa. In some cases, a measurement value below the lower threshold 1006 can be referred to as a measurement value meeting the lower threshold 1006. Based on these two measurements, further operations can be performed to confirm RSSI pairing. For example, the upper threshold 1004 and the lower threshold 1006 can be compared to each other. Alternatively, a threshold increment 1008 between the upper threshold 1004 and the lower threshold 1006 can be calculated (which can be, for example, a valid difference between the thresholds). Alternatively, these two operations can be combined. If the resulting measurement or calculation meets certain requirements, RSSI pairing can be confirmed.

[0342] Regarding exemplary implementations employing thresholds and / or measurement increments for verification / validation purposes, various configurations are considered in conjunction with this disclosure. In embodiments, as mentioned above, threshold increments can be used for verification and validation. For example, refer to... Figure 10A and 10BThe measurement value 1014a can be obtained by arranging the device 1000a. Then, the display device 310 can be arranged in arrangement 1000b and the measurement value 1014b can be obtained. The measurement increment 1016a can then be compared with a threshold increment, and if it exceeds the threshold increment, the pairing can be confirmed.

[0343] In embodiments, the threshold increment can be set in conjunction with the manufacturing and / or setup process of the analyte sensor system 310. For example, the threshold increment can initially be set based on the expected or average increment of the measured value. Regarding RSSI-based pairing techniques, the threshold increment can be set based on the expected use case for pairing the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308. An exemplary expected use case is a user removing the display device 310 from their pocket or other typical location and keeping it outside for viewing, etc. As an example, a typical user taking such action may result in a positional change of approximately 16 inches for the display device 310. Therefore, the initial value of the threshold increment can be set to the expected change in RSSI corresponding to a positional change of approximately 16 inches. In some specific examples, as an example, the change in RSSI could be approximately 20 dBm (e.g., +20 dBm if the devices move closer to each other, or -20 dBm if the devices move further apart). In embodiments, the initial value of the threshold increment can be determined based on the properties of various aspects of the analyte sensor system 308. For example, if aspects of the analyzer sensor system 308, such as sensor 10, are variable based on the characteristics of the intended user (e.g., in terms of size), then the value initially established for the threshold increment can also be varied (e.g., to accommodate expected positional changes based on differences in user size). In some cases, the threshold increment may be based on the device type of the display device 310.

[0344] However, it should be understood that other display devices 310 may be within the range of the analyte sensor system 308 and may change position relative to the analyte sensor system 308, thereby potentially generating changes in RSSI that satisfy the established threshold increments. To focus on suitability / applicability to paired display devices 310, additional features may be used in conjunction with the threshold increments. For example, an upper threshold 1004 may be used to determine whether a measurement (e.g., measurement 1014b) exceeds the upper threshold 1004 at a closer location. In another example, a determination of whether an upper threshold 1004 and / or a lower threshold 1006 is exceeded may be made as a result of rearranging the display devices 310. Alternatively, various measurements may be compared to each other, and the maximum value may be selected (e.g., in conjunction with threshold increment determination or others). The applied features or set of criteria may be adjusted based on environmental conditions, such as the number of display devices 310 within the range of the analyte sensor system and / or the measurements detected for one or more display devices 310.

[0345] In an exemplary implementation, after the deployment of the analyte sensor system 308, the initially established threshold increment can be adjusted and / or reprogrammed / recalibrated. As an example, during the setup of the analyte sensor system 308, user information / characteristics (e.g., based on input received by the analyte sensor system 308) can be determined, such as information about the user's size. This information can be used, for example, to customize the initial threshold increment for the user based on their size or anticipated device usage. In an embodiment, a graph can be built based on the analysis of individual verification / confirmation cases over time, and the graph can then be used to adjust the initially established threshold increment. For example, where the initially established threshold increment might have been set to 16 inches, the user might most frequently keep the display device 310 further away from their desk. After storing / analyzing information about the individual verification / confirmation cases over time, the threshold increment can be modified based on the user's actual behavior and / or device confirmation, such that, for example, the threshold increment could be increased to 20 inches.

[0346] The following are specific examples of operations that can be used to confirm / verify initial identification / selection using measurements such as RSSI. First, the user can connect the analyte sensor 10 to the sensor electronics module 12 of the analyte sensor system 308 (see, for example...). Figure 2A , 2B Then, the analyzer sensor system 308 can begin sending notification messages (see, for example...). Figure 7A and / or Figure 7J Next, the display device 310 receives a notification message from the analyte sensor system 308. This can be, for example, combined with arrangement 1000a (reference). Figure 10AThis occurs. As an example, the measurement value 1014a corresponding to RSSI in this case could be approximately -20 dBm. For example, the measurement value 1014a could be the derivative of the signal received via link 1012a.

[0347] The display device 310 can then notify the user of the presence of a discoverable analyte sensor system 308 available for connection based on a measurement value 1014a exceeding a lower threshold 1006. The user notification from the display device 310 may include one or more visual indicators, such as lights or screen / display effects, banners, or pop-ups; auditory indicators, such as beeps or other sounds; and / or haptic feedback. The notification may originate from the analyte sensor system 308, the display device 310, or both. The display device 310 can then prompt the user, for example, by moving the display device 310 closer to the analyte sensor system 308.

[0348] The user can then move the display device 310 closer to the analyte sensor system 308. In embodiments, this may require changing the position of the display device 310 or the analyte sensor system 308, or both. This can, for example, produce an arrangement 1000b (reference). Figure 10B As an example, in this case, the measured value 1014b corresponding to the derivative of the RSSI-based signal could be approximately 0 dBm. Based on the measured value 1014b exceeding the upper threshold 1004 (or, for example, the measured increment 1016a exceeding the threshold increment), the display device 310 can verify / confirm the identification / selection and notify the user of the identification / selection.

[0349] In embodiments, in addition to or as an alternative to RSSI measurements, appropriate user interaction and various factors can be utilized to confirm / verify identification / selection. For example, it can be determined that the display device 310 has previously identified and / or connected to the analyte sensor system 308 (e.g., through the RSSI pairing steps described above or through other operations regarding identification / selection described herein), and verification / confirmation can be based on this determination. It should also be understood that the exemplary operations described above can be used to connect the display device 310 to the desired analyte sensor system 308 even when multiple analyte sensor systems 308 are present within the scope of the display device 310 and / or even when multiple display devices 310 are present within the scope of the analyte sensor system 308.

[0350] Refer again Figure 10DThe diagram illustrates the arrangement 1020a and the measurement spectrum 1030a. In some cases, multiple analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b may be connected to a single display device (e.g., display device 310a). For example, in a doctor's office, two patients may be using corresponding analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b and are relatively close to each other, and both patients may have corresponding display devices 310a and 310b. Because the analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b are close to the display devices 310a, 310b, both analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b may be connected to one of the display devices 310a and 310b. Specifically, with reference to arrangement 1020a and measurement plot 1030a, for example, due to the proximity of display device 310a to analyte sensor system 308a (e.g., corresponding to measurement 1034a) and analyte sensor system 308b (e.g., corresponding to measurement 1034d), and the proximity of display device 310b to analyte sensor system 308b (e.g., corresponding to measurement 1034d), measurements 1034a, 1034c, and 1034d can initially all be identified as indicating a possible connection. Although each of these measurements exceeds threshold 1006, measurement 1034b falls below threshold 1006, and therefore analyte sensor system 308a may not be identified as usable for connection to display device 310b. In these cases, it may be more difficult for one of display devices 310a, 310b to determine which analyte sensor system 308a, 308b is suitable for connection, and due to the proximity of multiple devices, a single RSSI measurement may be insufficient for pairing.

[0351] Therefore, in embodiments of this disclosure, for example, display device 310a can determine measurements 1034a and 1034d (e.g., based on RSSI) of signals received from each of the analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b, and differentiate between the two analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b based on one of the measurements exceeding a predetermined, adjustable, programmable, or adaptive threshold (e.g., an upper threshold 1024 and / or a lower threshold 1026). Alternatively, for example, display device 310a can compare the two measurements (e.g., RSSI or derivative signals received via a link) and select the analyte sensor system 308a associated with the larger of the two values ​​(here, measurement 1034a, which may be the RSSI value).

[0352] In some cases, for example, measurements 1034a and 1034d (e.g., which may be RSSI values) exceed the lower threshold 1026 and / or may be relatively close in magnitude, and therefore display device 310a may not be able to easily distinguish analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b based on measurements from only one arrangement. Similarly, in some cases, analyte sensor system 308a may not be able to distinguish display devices 310a and 310b using measurements for a single device arrangement.

[0353] One way to distinguish devices involves moving one or more devices, as described above. Figures 10A to 10C As mentioned. Reference Figure 10D and 10E For example, in arrangement 1020b, the display device 310a has moved relatively closer to the analyte sensor system 308a compared to arrangement 1020a. As a result, the measurement value 1034a' increases according to the measurement increment 1036a associated with the change in distance between links 1032a' and 1032a. The measurement increment 1036a can be compared with a threshold increment, and based on the comparison, it can be determined that the display device 310a is verified / confirmed for pairing. Furthermore, although the measurement value 1034d' also increases relative to the measurement value 1034d, this increase is relatively small and can be distinguished by comparison with the threshold increment. In embodiments, additional comparisons with the additional thresholds described herein can be employed. In embodiments, if no conditions for confirming / verifying the selection / identification are met, one or more thresholds (including threshold increments) can be adjusted and the measurement can be repeated.

[0354] In an embodiment, as mentioned above, a threshold increment can be used such that when the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system are brought close together, pairing is confirmed, such that the change in the measured value satisfies or exceeds the threshold increment, and subsequently, as the display device 310 moves further away from the analyte sensor system, the change in the measured value again satisfies or exceeds the threshold increment. Here, the absolute value of the threshold increment can be used. In some cases, pairing may be based not on exceeding the threshold increment in two directions, but on a threshold increment satisfied within an error range or error magnitude. For example, this could represent a distance moved in a first direction (e.g., closer) that is close to or the same as the distance moved in the negative direction (e.g., farther). By obtaining the derivatives of the signals received at the links corresponding to the closer and farther arrangements and determining, for example, first crossing an upper threshold (in the positive direction) and then crossing a lower threshold (in the negative direction), proximity followed by distance, or vice versa, can be detected. The reverse can also be used. Alternatively, by obtaining the derivatives of the signals received at links corresponding to closer and farther arrangements, it is possible to detect proximity followed by distance, or vice versa, and determine, for example, that a first difference between the derivatives (caused by proximity) at least satisfies a positive threshold increment, and subsequently, a second difference in the derivatives (caused by distance) at least satisfies a negative threshold increment. The reverse can also be used. In some cases, where a threshold is used to determine whether one or more derivatives of one or more signals cross a threshold in the negative direction, it can be assumed that derivatives falling below the threshold satisfy or exceed the threshold (e.g., in the negative direction).

[0355] Another way to distinguish between analyte sensor systems 308a and 308b is as follows. In an embodiment, display device 310a can scan and detect the identification information (e.g., identification number, etc.) of each analyte sensor system 308a and 308b, and provide the user with the available analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., and their corresponding identification information. The user can then use the display device GUI 340 to select the analyte sensor system 308a and 308b with the required identification information.

[0356] Another potential problem involved in the selection / identification of analyte sensor systems, such as analyte sensor system 308, stems from the possibility that, in some cases, not all analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., wake up or become active in a uniform amount of time after the analyte sensor 10 is coupled to the sensor electronics module 12 of the analyte sensor system 308. That is, there may be a non-uniform time delay between the physical / electrical connection between the sensor electronics module 10 and the analyte sensor 12 and the power-on of the sensor electronics module 12 and the transmission of notification messages. As mentioned, this time delay can vary among analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc.

[0357] For example, this change could cause the display device 310 to seek connection to a first analyte sensor system 308a that has become active or awakened, even if the appropriate analyte sensor system 308b for connection is a second analyte sensor system 308b that has not yet become active or awakened. Therefore, the display device 310 could connect to the less preferred analyte sensor system 308a instead of the preferred analyte sensor system 308b.

[0358] Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure relate to a wake-up circuit that can be used in the analyte sensor system 308 to implement a uniform wake-up time, or a uniform time delay occurring between the physical / electrical connection of the sensor electronics module 12 and the analyte sensor 10, and the power-on of the sensor electronics module 12 and the transmission of notification messages (e.g., at operation 795a, for example, referencing...). Figure 7J The time delay can be variable or programmable and can be set to a very small or zero value, such that wake-up occurs almost immediately when the analyte sensor 10 is connected to the sensor electronics module 12. Alternatively, the time delay may be relatively large. Regardless of the actual value of the time delay, a wake-up circuit can be used to apply a uniform value among the analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc. In this way, for example, the first analyte sensor system 308a and the second analyte sensor system 308b wake up or become active at approximately the same time, and the display device 310 can be selected and connected to the appropriate analyte sensor system 308b, for example as described above in conjunction with various pairing techniques involving various amounts of user interaction.

[0359] Another potential problem involved in the selection / identification of the analyte sensor system 308 stems from sidelobes that may exist on the antenna of the analyte sensor system 308. These sidelobes can cause interference between signals and affect the calculation of RSSI and other measurements, thus potentially hindering the aforementioned pairing techniques based on semi-automatic measurements (e.g., techniques involving RSSI).

[0360] In embodiments of this disclosure, and in some cases, particularly when multiple analyte sensor systems 308 are geographically close to each other, the display device 310 may use out-of-band pairing to select / identify analyte sensor system 308a from among the multiple analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc. For example, near-field communications (NFC) may be used to select / connect to analyte sensor system 308a and to initiate pairing / connection with it via the display device 310a.

[0361] In embodiments, other techniques may be employed to select / identify an analyte sensor system 308a from a plurality of analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc. These techniques may include taking photographs of information carried on the analyte sensor system 308a to be selected / identified using one or more of the display devices 310a; using invisible ink on the analyte sensor system 308a and / or its product packaging; scanning barcodes or QR codes from the analyte sensor system 308a or its associated packaging; and using thermal ink 308a on the analyte sensor system and / or its packaging.

[0362] In embodiments, the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310 may include an accelerometer, an optical or infrared detector, a microphone, or other sensors that can be used to assist in the selection / identification of the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310. For example, the display device 310 may prompt the user to tap the analyte sensor system 308 once or multiple times. This may cause the analyte sensor system to begin sending notification messages. Subsequently, the user may use RSSI or another of the above-described techniques to initiate the selection / identification of the analyte sensor system 308. Alternatively or additionally, input to the accelerometer, optical or infrared detector, microphone, or other sensors may be used to confirm / verify the selected / identified analyte sensor system (e.g., pairing via RSSI) as a preferred method. In some embodiments, the display device 310 may pair by selecting / identifying the analyte sensor system 308a from a plurality of analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., co-authenticating the analyte sensor system 308a and a mobile application, and further exchanging keys for data encryption, secure connection or linking, and device privacy. In such embodiments, the display device 310 may initially generate and exchange short-term keys using a modulated signal (e.g., a modulated infrared signal), and the analyte sensor system 308a may employ a photodetector, light tube, or IR transmitter to receive and decode or demodulate such signals. Subsequently, a final key exchange can be performed between the display device and the analyte sensor system via a BLE link encrypted with the short-term key.

[0363] In an embodiment, a user holding the display device 310 may perform gestures to confirm / verify the selected / identified display device and / or analyte sensor system. For example, a user may confirm / verify the selection / identification by moving the device in a figure-eight motion. In an embodiment, auditory input (e.g., voice recognition) may be used for device confirmation / verification. In an embodiment, the user may also be instructed to tap or shake the analyte sensor 308 and / or the display device 310 to trigger verification / confirmation. Such gesture / accelerometer-based events may trigger notifications, which may be time-limited to be detectable and potentially limit conflicts caused by notification messages.

[0364] Regarding the aforementioned features related to adequate user interaction, it should be understood that in some cases, the described techniques can be used to identify / select a device in the first case, rather than just to confirm / verify the initial identification / selection.

[0365] Figures 13C to 13P A flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of this disclosure (e.g., in conjunction with the user interaction described above at a second level or grade) is provided. For illustrative purposes, reference is made herein to... Figures 10A to 10E And the numbers of the components shown therein. However, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that the same components from other drawings of this disclosure may be included in this specification. Figures 13C to 13P Within the range.

[0366] Figure 13C The illustrated embodiment relates to aspects of method 1304 for identifying a device for connection. At operation 1315A, method 1304 involves a display device 310a receiving a first signal from a set of analyte sensor systems 310a, 310b, etc. The first signal is received via a first link (e.g., link 1032a). Operation 1315B involves the display device determining the derivative of the first signal (e.g., generating a measurement value 1034a). Operation 1315C involves the display device 310a identifying an analyte sensor system 308a for selection based on the derivative of the first signal.

[0367] Now go to Figure 13D This illustrates embodiments relating to various aspects of method 1306, which includes further details regarding operation 1315C mentioned above with reference to FIG13. Figure 13D As shown, operation 1315C may include: at operation 1320A, comparing the derivative of the first signal with a first threshold. Furthermore, operation 1315C may include: at operation 1320B, determining whether the derivative of the first signal at least satisfies the first threshold. At operation 1320C, method 1306 may involve selecting the analyte sensor system 308a for connection based on determining that the derivative of the first signal at least satisfies the first threshold.

[0368] Refer again Figure 13C At operation 1315D, method 1304 may include display device 310a receiving a second signal from analyte sensor system 308a (e.g., via first link 1032a or second link 1032a'). Operation 1315E involves display device 310a determining the derivative of the second signal. At operation 1315F, method 1304 may include selecting analyte sensor system 310a for connection based on the derivative of the second signal.

[0369] Figure 13E This describes embodiments relating to various aspects of method 1308, including references to the above. Figure 13C More details about the operation mentioned in 1315F. Figure 13E As shown, operation 1315F may include: at operation 1325A, comparing the derivative of the second signal with a second threshold. Furthermore, operation 1315F may include: at operation 1325B, determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies the second threshold. At operation 1325C, operation 1315F may, as appropriate, include comparing the derivative of the first signal with the second threshold. At operation 1325D, operation 1315F may include determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies or does not satisfy the second threshold.

[0370] Figure 13F The embodiments relating to various aspects of method 1312 are described, including those referenced above. Figure 13C More details about the operation mentioned in 1315F. Figure 13F As shown, operation 1315F may include: at operation 1330A, comparing the derivative of the second signal with a first threshold. Furthermore, operation 1315F may include: at operation 1330B, determining whether the derivative of the second signal at least satisfies or does not satisfy the first threshold.

[0371] Figure 13GThe illustrated embodiment relates to aspects of method 1314 for identifying a device for connection. At operation 1335A, method 1314 involves a display device 310a receiving a first signal from an analyte sensor system 308a, 308b, etc., among a set of analyte sensor systems. The first signal is received via a first link (e.g., link 1032a). Operation 1335B involves the display device obtaining a derivative of the first signal (e.g., measurement 1034a). Method 1314 may include, as appropriate, at operation 1335C, the display device 310a sending a first response signal to the analyte sensor system 308a via the first link. At operation 1335D, method 1314 may include the display device 310a obtaining a derivative of the first response signal (e.g., from the analyte sensor system 308a). The derivative of the first response signal may be generated by and received from the analyte sensor system 308a. At operation 1335E, method 1314 includes identifying the analyte sensor system 310a for connection based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold (e.g., lower threshold 1026). Identification at operation 1335E may also be based on a comparison of the derivative of the first signal with the derivative of a first response signal. At operation 1335F, method 1314 may include, as appropriate, generating an indication for configuring the display device 310a based on a second link (e.g., link 1032a' in arrangement 1020b). Operation 1315C involves the display device 310a identifying the analyte sensor system 308a for selection based on the derivative of the first signal. Operation 1335G involves the display device 310a and / or the analyte sensor system 308a providing an indication to a user of the display device 310a.

[0372] At operation 1335H, method 1314 may include display device 310a receiving a second signal from analyte sensor system 308a (e.g., via a second link such as link 1032a'). Operation 1335J involves display device 310a obtaining the derivative of the second signal (e.g., display device 310a can generate its own derivative, which can be received from analyte sensor system 308a or another remote source). At operation 1335K, method 1314 may include display device 310a receiving a third signal from analyte sensor system 308a (e.g., via a third link). In some cases, the third link may be the same as, similar to, or within a predetermined value window relative to the first link. Operation 1335L involves display device 310a obtaining the derivative of the third signal. At operation 1335M, method 1314 may include display device 310a selecting analyte sensor system 308 for connection based on one or more of the derivatives of the first, second, and third signals. For example, the display device 310a may select the analyte sensor system 308 for connection based on one or more of the following: the derivative of the first signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold (e.g., upper threshold 1024); the derivative of the first signal does not satisfy or exceeds the upper threshold; the derivative of the second signal satisfies or exceeds the upper threshold; the derivative of the third signal is lower than a lower threshold (e.g., threshold 1026); a comparison of the derivative of the second signal with the derivative of the first signal, or vice versa; the derivative of the first signal satisfies or exceeds the upper threshold and the derivative of the second signal is less than the derivative of the first signal; the derivative of the second signal satisfies or exceeds the upper threshold and the derivative of the first signal is less than the derivative of the second signal; a comparison of the derivative of the third signal with the derivative of the second signal; and so on.

[0373] Figure 13H The illustrated embodiment relates to aspects of method 1316 for identifying a device for connection. At operation 1340A, method 1314 involves the analyte sensor system 308a receiving a first signal from a set of display devices 310a, 310b, etc. The first signal is received via a first link (e.g., link 1032a). At operation 1340B, method 1316 may include, as appropriate, the analyte sensor system 308a obtaining the derivative of the first signal (e.g., measurement value 1034a). At operation 1340C, method 1316 may include the analyte sensor system 308a sending a response signal. At operation 1340D, method 1316 may include the analyte sensor system 308a obtaining the derivative of the response signal (e.g., from display device 310a). The derivative of the response signal may be combined with... Figure 13GA similar manner to that described above is used. At operation 1340E, method 1316 includes the analyte sensor system 308a selecting a display device 310a for selection based on the derivative of a first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold (e.g., lower threshold 1026). This selection can also be based on the derivative of the response signal, similar to the above description regarding... Figure 13G The manner described.

[0374] At operation 1340F, method 1316 may include generating an indication for configuring display device 310a based on a second link (e.g., link 1032a'). The indication may be generated based on the derivative of a first signal being below an upper threshold (e.g., threshold 1024). In some cases, the indication may be based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold (e.g., threshold 1024). Method 1316 may include, at operation 1340G, sending the indication to display device 310a to provide the indication to a user of display device 310a. In embodiments, the analyte sensor system 308a may directly provide the indication to the user (e.g., visually, auditorily, and / or tactilely, etc.).

[0375] At operation 1340H, method 1316 may include, where appropriate, the analyte sensor system 308a receiving a second signal from the display device 310a (e.g., via a first or second link). Operation 1340J involves the analyte sensor system 308a obtaining the derivative of the second signal. At operation 1340K, method 1316 may include the analyte sensor system 308a receiving a third signal from the display device 310a (see, for example, the above combination). Figure 13G (Description of the third link as described). Operation 1340L involves the analyte sensor system 308a obtaining the derivative of the third signal. Embodiment or method 1316 includes: generating a representation of user input from the accelerometer at operation 1340M.

[0376] At operation 1340N, method 1316 may include selecting display device 310a for connection, depending on the situation. The selection may be based on one or more of the following: the derivative of a first signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold; the derivative of a second signal is below a lower threshold; the derivative of a second signal satisfies or exceeds the upper threshold; the derivative of a first signal does not satisfy or exceeds the upper threshold; the derivative of a third signal is below the lower threshold; a comparison of the derivative of the second signal with the derivative of the first signal; the derivative of the first signal satisfies or exceeds the upper threshold and the derivative of the second signal is less than the derivative of the third signal, or vice versa; a comparison of the derivative of the third signal with the derivative of the second signal; a representation of user input from the accelerometer; etc.

[0377] Figure 13JThe illustrated embodiment relates to aspects of method 1318 for identifying a device for connection. At operation 1345A, method 1318 includes, as appropriate, a display device 310a prompting a user to physically contact the analyte sensor system 308a to trigger the analyte sensor system 308a to send a first signal to the display device 310a. At operation 1345B, method 1318 includes the display device 310a obtaining the derivative of the first signal received via a first link (e.g., first link 1032a). Operation 1345C involves the display device 310a generating a selection identifier. This generation may be based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding a lower threshold (e.g., lower threshold 1026).

[0378] Method 1318 may include, as appropriate, at operation 1345D, generating an instruction to configure display device 310a according to a second link (e.g., link 1032a' in arrangement 1020b). This generation may be based on the derivative of the first signal being below an upper threshold (e.g., upper threshold 1024). Alternatively, the generation may be based on the derivative of the first signal satisfying or exceeding the upper threshold. The instruction may include, for example, a command to move display device 310a closer to analyte sensor system 308a. At operation 1345E, method 1318 may include sending the instruction to display device 310a to provide the instruction to a user of display device 310a (e.g., via GUI 340).

[0379] At operation 1345F, an embodiment of method 1318 includes the display device 310a obtaining the derivative of a second signal (e.g., received via a second link or a first link). At operation 1345G, method 1318 may include the display device 310a obtaining the derivative of a third signal. The third signal may be received via a third link, which may be substantially similar in nature to the third link described above.

[0380] At operation 1345H, method 1318 may include presenting a prompt to the user to provide user input to the accelerometer (e.g., by tapping the accelerometer in a device housing the accelerometer (e.g., analyte sensor system 308a and / or display device 310a)). At operation 1345J, method 1318 may include a representation of receiving user input from the accelerometer.

[0381] Method 1318 may include: at operation 1345K, display device 310a generates a connection selection. The generation may be based on one or more of the following: the derivative of a first signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold; the derivative of a second signal is below a lower threshold; the derivative of a second signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold; the derivative of a first signal does not satisfy or exceeds an upper threshold; the derivative of a third signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold; a comparison of the derivative of the second signal with the derivative of the first signal; the derivative of the first signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold and the derivative of the second signal is less than the derivative of the first signal, or vice versa; a comparison of the derivative of the third signal with the derivative of the second signal; the derivative of the second signal satisfies or exceeds an upper threshold and the derivative of the third signal is greater than the derivative of the second signal, or vice versa; and so on.

[0382] Figure 13K The illustrated embodiments relate to aspects of method 1322 for identifying a device for connection. At operation 1350A, method 1322 includes display device 310a obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link (e.g., first link 1032a). Operation 1350B involves display device 310a obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link (e.g., link 1032a'). At operation 1350C, method 1322 may include calculating the difference between the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal. Operation 1350C involves, for example, generating a comparison of the derivatives of the first and second signals by comparing the difference or the absolute value of the difference with a predetermined value (e.g., a threshold increment). At operation 1350E, method 1322 may include display device 310a obtaining the derivative of a third signal received via a third link. At operation 1350F, method 1322 may include calculating the difference between the derivative of the third signal and the derivative of the second signal. In such cases, a comparison can be generated between the difference between the derivative of the third signal and the derivative of the second signal (e.g., the second difference) and the difference between the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal (e.g., the second difference).

[0383] Operation 1350G involves the display device 310a generating a connection selection. This generation may be based on one or more of the following: a comparison of the derivative of a first signal with the derivative of a second signal; a comparison of the derivative of a second signal with the derivative of a third signal; a comparison of a first difference with a second difference; and so on.

[0384] In summary, for the second level of user interaction, a combination of the above features can be adopted depending on the applicable usage scenario.

[0385] The third level or grade of user interaction involved in the selection / identification of the analyte sensor system 308 and / or display device 310 can be associated with a minimal amount of user interaction. In one example, an application (e.g., analyte sensor application 330) may be downloaded to or reside on the display device 310 and / or, in some cases, on or reside on the analyte sensor system 308. The application 330 may monitor the duration of the connection established between the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 and determine the preferred analyte sensor system 308 based on the duration of the connection. For example, if the display device 310 and the analyte sensor system 308 remain connected for a longer than a predetermined, adjustable, adaptive, or programmable amount of time (e.g., 1 hour), the application 330 may determine that the display device 310 has selected / identified the appropriate analyte sensor system 380 for connection.

[0386] Figure 13L A flowchart illustrating various operations that can be performed according to embodiments of this disclosure, such as in conjunction with the user interaction at the third level or level described above, is provided. For illustrative purposes, reference is made herein to... Figures 10A to 10E And the numbers of the components shown therein. However, those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that the same components from other drawings of this disclosure may be included in this specification. Figure 13L Within the range.

[0387] Figure 13L The illustrated embodiment relates to aspects of method 1324 for identifying a device for connection. At operation 1355A, method 1334 includes establishing a connection between display device 310a, 310b, etc., and analyte sensor system 308a, 308b, etc. At operation 1355B, method 1334 includes display device 310a generating an acknowledgment of connection to analyte sensor system 308a based on the duration of the connection exceeding a predetermined, programmable, adaptive, and / or variable amount of time.

[0388] The fourth level or level of user interaction involved in the selection / identification process can be associated with adjustable, variable, and / or mixed amounts of user interaction. In one example, application 330 may be downloaded to or reside on display device 310. Operation based on the fourth level of user interaction may involve a combination of various techniques described above with respect to levels 1 through 3. In a specific example, the search and selection method of level 1 may be used, combined with RSSI pairing described in level 2 and / or other techniques described in levels 2 and 3. Furthermore, if, for example, no discoverable device is successfully paired, or if the connection is interrupted unexpectedly or more frequently than expected based on input, the applicable amount of user interaction can be adjusted on the fly based on performance characteristics collected over a time period and from multiple systems, etc.

[0389] Some embodiments relating to the hierarchy or level of user interaction involved in the selection / identification process will now be described. In this regard, embodiments include display device 310 scanning analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., in the vicinity of or detectable by display device 310, and monitoring analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., to determine whether and how to establish a connection with them.

[0390] For example, display device 310 may receive notification messages from analyte sensor 308a, wherein one or more analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., may be near or detectable by display device 310. In some cases, notification messages may also be received from analyte sensor system 308b, etc. Display device 310 may then obtain the derivative (e.g., RSSI) of a first signal received from any analyte sensor system 308a, 308b, etc., and use the derivative and conditions (e.g., a threshold for the derivative) to identify and generate a connection selection. In an embodiment, the received signal may be a notification message sent by sensor system 308a, 308b, etc. Based on certain conditions, display device 310 may use the connection selection to identify analyte sensor system 308a and then establish a first connection with analyte sensor system 308a. For example, if the display device 310 does not receive notification messages from the analyte sensor system 308b or the like other than the analyte sensor system 308a for a certain period of time (e.g., which may be predetermined, adjustable, adaptive, programmable, variable, etc.), or if the display device 310 does not obtain the derivative of the second signal that satisfies the conditions, a first connection can be established, wherein the second signal is sent by the analyte sensor system 308b or the like other than the analyte sensor system 308a.

[0391] In other words, in the example described, if only one analyte sensor system 308a is present in the vicinity of the display device 310 or is otherwise detectable or identifiable by the display device 310 for a certain period of time, this can trigger the establishment of a connection between the analyte sensor system 308a and the display device 310. Alternatively, if another analyte sensor system is present in the vicinity of the display device 310 or is otherwise detectable by the display device 310, and if only the analyte sensor system 308a sends a signal whose derivative satisfies a threshold for a certain period of time, this can cause the display device to identify the analyte sensor system 308a as the preferred analyte sensor system for pairing, and subsequently trigger the establishment of a connection with the analyte sensor system 308a. In certain cases, this can indicate that a connection should be established between the analyte sensor system 308a and the display device 310 because other sensor systems 308b, etc., have not sent sufficiently strong signals (e.g., based on RSSI) for the appropriate / correct period of time for the connection. It is anticipated that pairing and subsequent data connections can be established based on the various methods and processes described herein.

[0392] In some embodiments, the display device 310 may continue to monitor various conditions (e.g., signals over a period of time) and, while connected to the analyte sensor system 308a, obtain derivatives of signals from one of the other analyte sensor systems 308b, etc., and use said derivatives to identify and establish a second connection between the display device and the analyte sensor system 308a. For example, this may facilitate the display device 310 in identifying the most suitable or correct analyte sensor system 308b, 308c, etc., and then connecting to the most suitable or correct analyte sensor system 308b, 308c, etc., where the first connection established with the analyte sensor system 308a as described above may prove to be not the most suitable or correct.

[0393] In another example, it might be a situation where multiple analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., exist near or send notification messages to display device 310, exceeding a predetermined number for display device 310. In this case, the derivative and time parameters alone may be insufficient for identification and connection establishment purposes. Therefore, for example, display device 310 may provide a prompt to the user of display device 310 relating to the identification of the analyte sensor systems and subsequent connection establishment. In one example, in response to the prompt for identification, a connection may be established between display device 310 and one of the analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc., based on input received at display device 310. Such input can be, but is not limited to, any of the various forms described above in conjunction with the first level of user interaction.

[0394] Figure 13MThe illustrated embodiment relates to aspects of method 1326 for identifying a device for connection, including one or more of the first, second, third, and fourth levels or tiers of the aforementioned user interaction. At operation 1360A, method 1326 may include presenting instructions to a user (e.g., via the GUI 340 of display device 340 or via the analyte sensor system 308a, including, for example, visual, auditory, and / or tactile) to provide input to an accelerometer housed in the analyte sensor system 308a and / or display device 310a, wherein the input initiates the transmission of signals (e.g., notification messages, pilot signals, etc.). At operation 1360B, method 1326 includes operating in one of a plurality of modes to generate a selection for connection between display device 310a and analyte sensor system 308a. The plurality of modes may correspond to the first, second, third, etc., levels of user interaction.

[0395] Figure 13N This describes embodiments relating to various aspects of method 1328, including references to the above. Figure 13M More details about the operation mentioned in 1360B. Figure 13N As shown, an embodiment of operation 1360B relates to operation in a first mode of multiple modes. The first mode may be associated with a first level or tier of user interaction. Regarding operation in the first mode, operation 1360B includes operation 1365A, which relates to receiving input regarding the analyte sensor system 308a, said input identifying analyte sensor system 308a from a set of analyte sensor systems 308a, 308b, etc. At operation 1365B, operation 1360B may include generating a selection for connection to the analyte sensor system 308a based on the received input. Input may be received at one or both of the analyte sensor system 308a and the display device 310a.

[0396] Figure 13P This describes embodiments relating to various aspects of method 1332, including references to the above. Figure 13M More details about the operation mentioned in 1360B. Figure 13PAs shown, an embodiment of operation 1360B relates to operation in a second mode among multiple modes. Operation in the second mode may be associated with user interaction at a second level or tier. Regarding operation in the second mode, operation 1360B includes operation 1370A, which involves obtaining the derivative of a first signal received via a first link (e.g., link 1032a). This obtaining may be performed by either or both of the analyte sensor system 308a and the display device 310a. At operation 1370B, method 1332 includes generating a selection identifier based on the derivative of the first signal. At operation 1370C, method 1332 may include obtaining the derivative of a second signal received via a second link (e.g., link 1032a'). Method 1332 also includes, at operation 1370D, generating a connection selection (e.g., selection of the analyte sensor system 308a and / or the display device 310a) based on one or more of the selection identifier, the derivative of the second signal, and user input.

[0397] In an embodiment, operating in the second mode according to method 1332 further includes calculating the difference between the derivative of the first signal and the derivative of the second signal at operation 1370E. At operation 1370F, method 1332 may include comparing the difference with a threshold (e.g., a predetermined, adaptive, variable, programmable threshold, etc.). If the difference meets or exceeds the threshold, method 1332 may include confirming the connection selection at operation 1370G.

[0398] Figure 13Q This describes embodiments relating to various aspects of method 1334, including references to the above. Figure 13M More details about the operation mentioned in 1360B. Figure 13Q As shown, an embodiment of operation 1360B relates to operation in a third mode among multiple modes. The third operating mode may be associated with a third level or tier of user interaction. Regarding operation in the third mode, operation 1360B includes operation 1375A, which relates to establishing a connection between the display device 310a and the analyte sensor system 308a. At operation 1375B, method 1334 includes generating a connection confirmation based on maintaining the connection for at least a predetermined, adaptive, variable, and / or programmable amount of time.

[0399] Therefore, by flexibly adopting the above-mentioned levels of user interaction, including combinations thereof in some cases, embodiments of this disclosure can be optimally configured across various usage scenarios, network and battery conditions and scenarios, user preferences and / or characteristics, etc.

[0400] I. Authentication and Encryption

[0401] In scenarios involving a connection between two devices over a network (wireless or otherwise), authentication can be used to attempt to prevent unauthorized devices from connecting. For example, in situations where sensitive data is being exchanged, authentication can be used to attempt to prevent unauthorized devices or entities from gaining access to the data. In this regard, authentication protocols can be employed to establish or verify the identity of the connected devices. In some cases, authentication techniques may differ depending on the connection model employed. For instance, if an intermittent connection model is used, different authentication techniques may be implemented compared to a continuous connection model.

[0402] Figure 7A This is an operational flowchart illustrating embodiments of a method 700 for wireless communication of analyte data between an analyte sensor system 708 and a display device 710, as well as various operations performed in conjunction with embodiments of related systems, devices, and apparatuses. In some instances, method 700 may be used in conjunction with authentication display device 710 and / or analyte sensor system 708 (e.g., in two-way authentication) to enable the exchange of analyte data under authorized conditions.

[0403] Combination Figure 7A The various tasks performed by the program described herein can be executed, for example, by a processor that executes instructions embodied in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The tasks or operations performed in conjunction with the program can be performed by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof incorporated in one or more computing devices (e.g., one or more of the analytical sensor system 708 and the display device 710). Upon review of this disclosure, it will be understood that the program may contain any number of additional or alternative tasks or operations. Figure 7A The operations shown in the examples do not need to be performed in the order described, and the program can be incorporated into programs that do not specifically reference herein. Figure 7A A more comprehensive program or process with additional functionalities described in detail.

[0404] In some examples described below, for illustrative purposes, the analytical values ​​are based on those obtained from the analytical sensor 10 (reference). Figure 1A , 2A and 2B) and / or sensor 405 (reference) Figure 4 The analyte value is the glucose value measured by one or more measurements. However, it should be understood after studying this disclosure that the analyte value can be any other analyte value described herein. Wireless data communication between the analyte sensor system 708 and one or more of the display devices 710 can be periodically transmitted via a signal denoted as "T". 间隔 The update intervals occur at intervals that may correspond to the transceiver ...

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication analysis of object data, the method comprising: The transdermal analyte sensor of the analyte sensor system generates analyte measurements indicating the concentration of analytes in the host. The analyte measurements are processed using a sensor electronics module that is integrated with or releasably attached to the transdermal analyte sensor to generate analyte data; The first display device is authenticated for the first wireless connection by exchanging authentication-related information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Based on the authentication of the first display device, the analyte sensor system periodically exchanges messages with the first display device to maintain the first wireless connection until the first wireless connection is terminated or lost. The analyte data is encrypted using the sensor electronics module to generate encrypted analyte data, wherein the analyte data includes glucose data; and The analyte sensor system transmits the encrypted analyte data to the first display device while maintaining the first wireless connection, wherein the first display device displays information related to the analyte data and uses an alarm mechanism located on the first display device to issue an alarm to the host.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first display device is configured to process the encrypted analyte data and display the analyte data.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyte sensor system is in a storage mode prior to insertion into the host, and while the analyte sensor system is in the storage mode, the radio and processor of the analyte sensor system are at least partially disabled, and the method further comprises: Before generating the analyte measurement, the analyte sensor system exits the storage mode after interacting with the first display device via NFC.

4. An analyte sensor system, comprising: A transdermal analyte sensor configured to generate analyte measurements indicating the concentration of the analyte in the host. A sensor electronics module, integrated with or releasably attached to the transdermal analyte sensor, is operable to: The analyte measurements are processed to generate analyte data; The first display device is authenticated for the first wireless connection by exchanging authentication-related information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Based on the authentication of the first display device, messages are periodically exchanged with the first display device to maintain the first wireless connection until the first wireless connection is terminated or lost; The analyte data is encrypted to generate encrypted analyte data, wherein the analyte data includes glucose data; and While maintaining the first wireless connection, the encrypted analyte data is transmitted to the first display device, wherein the first display device displays information related to the analyte data and uses an alarm mechanism located on the first display device to issue an alarm to the host.

5. The analyte sensor system according to claim 4, wherein the first display device is configured to process the encrypted analyte data and display the analyte data.

6. The analyte sensor system of claim 4, wherein the analyte sensor system is in a storage mode prior to insertion into the host, and when the analyte sensor system is in the storage mode, the radio and processor of the analyte sensor system are at least partially disabled, and the sensor electronics module is also operable to: Before generating the analyte measurement, the analyte sensor system exits the storage mode after interacting with the first display device via NFC.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by an analyte sensor system, cause the analyte sensor system to perform a method for wireless communication of analyte data, the method comprising: The transdermal analyte sensor of the analyte sensor system generates analyte measurements indicating the concentration of the analyte in the host. The analyte measurements are processed using a sensor electronics module that is integrated with or releasably attached to the transdermal analyte sensor to generate analyte data; The first display device is authenticated for the first wireless connection by exchanging authentication-related information between the analyte sensor system and the first display device. Based on the authentication of the first display device, the analyte sensor system periodically exchanges messages with the first display device to maintain the first wireless connection until the first wireless connection is terminated or lost. The analyte data is encrypted using the sensor electronics module to generate encrypted analyte data, wherein the analyte data includes glucose data; and The analyte sensor system transmits the encrypted analyte data to the first display device while maintaining the first wireless connection, wherein the first display device displays information related to the analyte data and uses an alarm mechanism located on the first display device to issue an alarm to the host.

8. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the first display device is configured to process the encrypted analyte data and display the analyte data.

9. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the analyte sensor system is in a storage mode prior to insertion into the host, and while the analyte sensor system is in storage mode, the radio and processor of the analyte sensor system are at least partially disabled, and the method further comprises: Before generating the analyte measurement, the analyte sensor system exits the storage mode after interacting with the first display device via NFC.

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