High pressure vessel of composite material

Abstract

The application discloses a high-pressure container of a composite material, which comprises an inner container, a reinforcing shell and a bottle head. The bottle head comprises a metal insert, a metal head, a metal fastener, a first sealing element, a second sealing element and a third sealing element. The metal insert comprises a bulging structure which is pressed against the inside of the inner container, a screwing part which extends to the outside and a medium channel. The metal head is sleeved on the metal insert and is pressed against the bulging structure to clamp the inner container. The metal fastener is matched with the screwing part to realize the pressing between the metal head and the bulging structure. The first sealing element is arranged between the metal head and the inner container. The second sealing element is arranged between at least two of the metal head, the inner container and the metal insert. The third sealing element is arranged between at least two of the metal insert, the metal head and the metal fastener. The technical scheme disclosed by the application can effectively improve the sealing effect of the bottle head and reduce the possibility of air tightness failure of the bottle head through the optimized arrangement of the structure of the bottle head. Meanwhile, the technical scheme provides a structural basis for simplifying the assembly process, guarantees the yield, effectively improves the production efficiency and quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-pressure containers, in particular to a high-pressure container of composite material. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of human society, the consumption speed of the three fossil energy sources of coal, oil and natural gas is accelerating, and the resulting supply shortage and environmental problems are increasingly attracting attention from all walks of life. Hydrogen is praised as the most potential clean energy carrier in this century because its combustion product is only water, and it is abundant in source. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have the characteristics of environmental protection, high efficiency, zero pollution and zero emission.

[0003] At present, high-pressure containers are the most practical storage medium for hydrogen energy. High-pressure containers for hydrogen energy can be divided into four types according to technical iteration: pure steel metal bottle (type I), steel liner fiber winding bottle (type II), aluminum liner fiber winding bottle (type III) and plastic liner fiber winding bottle (type IV). Type I and type II have low hydrogen storage density and poor safety performance, which is difficult to meet the requirements of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage density. Type III and type IV bottles have been widely used in vehicle-mounted applications due to their advantages of improving safety, reducing weight, and improving quality hydrogen storage density. Compared with type III bottles, type IV bottles completely change the original gas bottle technology. With excellent hydrogen embrittlement corrosion resistance, lighter weight, lower cost, higher quality hydrogen storage density and longer cycle life, type IV bottles have become the "new favorite" leading the development direction of international high-pressure hydrogen storage containers for hydrogen energy vehicles. However, due to the difficulty of promoting standard regulations and the difficulty of technology and process breakthroughs, the development of type IV bottles in China has been relatively slow for a long time, and is still in the research and development stage, which still has a certain gap with the international level in this field.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN103672387A discloses a 70MPa high-pressure vehicle-mounted aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber full-winding hydrogen storage cylinder; the hydrogen storage cylinder includes an aluminum alloy liner, a carbon fiber winding layer and a glass fiber protective layer; the aluminum alloy liner is wound with fibers after adjusting the tension of the impregnated resin according to the optimized design of the layering sequence on the surface of the aluminum alloy liner, then a glass fiber impact protection layer is wound on the outer surface of the carbon fiber winding layer, and a "self-tightening" technology is used for processing during manufacturing.

[0005] The inventors found that the existing technology of type IV bottles has poor sealing between the plastic liner and the metal head when applied to high pressure (generally 35MPa to 70MPa) for vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage, which is a technical difficulty of this type of container and is prone to leakage under high pressure and long-term fatigue. The head part of the high-pressure container has a relatively complex overall structure to ensure the sealing effect with the plastic liner and the pressure resistance, and the assembly process is complicated and requires high requirements, which has a great impact on production efficiency, yield and production cost. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the application discloses a high-pressure container of composite material, which comprises an inner container for containing medium, a reinforcing shell wrapped around the inner container, and a bottle head for connecting the inside of the inner container with the outside, wherein the bottle head comprises:

[0007] a metal insert comprising a bulging structure pressed against the inside of the inner container, a threaded part extending to the outside, and a medium channel penetrating the inside and the outside;

[0008] a metal head sleeve set on the metal insert and pressed against the bulging structure to clamp the inner container;

[0009] a metal fastener cooperating with the threaded part to realize the pressing between the metal head and the bulging structure;

[0010] a first sealing element arranged between the metal head and the inner container;

[0011] a second sealing element arranged between at least two of the metal head, the inner container, and the metal insert;

[0012] a third sealing element arranged between at least two of the metal insert, the metal head, and the metal fastener.

[0013] The following also provides several optional modes, but not as an additional limitation to the above general scheme, just a further supplement or preferred, without technical or logical contradiction, each optional mode can be combined with the above general scheme alone, and can also be combined between multiple optional modes.

[0014] Optionally, the metal insert further comprises an optical axis part arranged between the bulging structure and the threaded part, the medium channel penetrates the above three parts, and the metal head is sleeved on the optical axis part and the axial two ends thereof are respectively used for cooperating with the bulging structure and the metal fastener.

[0015] Optionally, at least a part of the metal head is arranged in a gap with the optical axis part to form a clamping chamber, the inner container extends into the clamping chamber through the axial gap between the metal head and the bulging structure, and the metal insert and / or the metal head is provided with a clamping protruding rib extending towards the clamping chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the metal head is a stepped hole as a whole and comprises a first fitting hole and a second fitting hole in communication with each other, and an excess step is arranged between the first fitting hole and the second fitting hole, the first fitting hole is matched in size with the optical axis part, the second fitting hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the optical axis part to form the clamping chamber, and the end surface of the inner container is pressed against the excess step.

[0017] Optionally, the first sealing member is arranged on the end surface of the metal head facing the bulging structure.

[0018] Optionally, the second sealing member is arranged between the end surface of the inner container and the excessive step.

[0019] Optionally, the third sealing chamfer is arranged on the inner edge of the metal head abutting against the metal insert, and the third sealing member is arranged between the third sealing chamfer and the peripheral surface of the optical axis part.

[0020] Optionally, the bottle head further comprises a plastic head sleeved on the metal head, the plastic head is an annular structure, the inner ring is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the metal head, and the first axial end surface of the plastic head is attached to the inner container, and the second axial end surface is an arc surface and matches the outer shape of the inner container.

[0021] Optionally, the radial outer peripheral surface of the metal head is provided with a recessed adapter ring groove, and the reinforcing shell is embedded at least partially in the adapter ring groove.

[0022] Optionally, the end surface of the metal head facing the metal fastener is provided with a clamping shoulder, and the reinforcing shell at least wraps the clamping shoulder.

[0023] The technical scheme disclosed in the present application can effectively improve the sealing effect of the bottle head and reduce the possibility of air tightness failure of the bottle head by optimizing the structure of the bottle head. Meanwhile, the technical scheme provides a structural basis for simplifying the assembly process, thereby ensuring the yield rate and effectively improving the production efficiency and quality.

[0024] The specific beneficial technical effects will be further explained in the specific implementation mode in combination with specific structures or steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a high-pressure container of a composite material in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a high-pressure container of a composite material in an embodiment; Figure 1

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a high-pressure container of a composite material in an embodiment; Figure 2

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic view of a high-pressure container of a composite material in an embodiment; Figure 3

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a high-pressure container of a composite material in an embodiment; Figure 4

[0030] ​​​​Figure 6 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a production process of a high-pressure container according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hanging state in the production process of the high-pressure container;

[0032] Figure 8 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mold closing state in the production process of the high-pressure container;

[0033] Figure 9 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a liner structure wrapped with a metal insert in the production process of the high-pressure container;

[0034] Figure 10 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second sealing chamfer processing in the production process of the high-pressure container;

[0035] Figure 11 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a metal head installation in the production process of the high-pressure container;

[0036] Figure 12 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a metal fastener installation in the production process of the high-pressure container;

[0037] Figure 13 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure container produced by the process shown in Fig. 1. Figure 6

[0038] Reference signs in the drawings are explained as follows:

[0039] 1, liner; 11, second sealing chamfer;

[0040] 2, reinforcing shell;

[0041] 3, bottle head; 31, metal insert; 311, bulging structure; 312, screwing part; 313, medium passage; 314, optical axis part; 32, metal head; 321, first fitting hole; 322, second fitting hole; 323, excess step; 324, third sealing chamfer; 325, fitting ring groove; 326, clamping shaft shoulder; 327, assembly groove; 33, metal fastener; 34, clamping chamber; 341, clamping protrusion; 35, plastic head;

[0042] 401, first sealing member; 402, second sealing member; 403, third sealing member;

[0043] 901, blow pin; 902, tube blank; 903, blow mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] ​With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0045] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" with another component, it can be directly connected with the other component or there can be intervening components. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there can be intervening components.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this description, the terms "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] Reference will now be made to the drawings, wherein Figure 1 To the drawings Figure 5 As shown in the drawings, the present application discloses a high-pressure container of composite material, comprising an inner container 1 for containing a medium, a reinforcing shell 2 wrapped around the inner container 1, and a bottle head 3 communicating the inside of the inner container 1 with the outside, the bottle head 3 comprising:

[0048] a metal insert 31 comprising a bulging structure 311 abutting against the inside of the inner container 1, a screwing portion 312 extending to the outside, and a medium passage 313 extending through the inside and the outside;

[0049] a metal closure head 32 sleeved on the metal insert 31 and abutting against the bulging structure 311 to clamp the inner container 1;

[0050] a metal fastener 33 cooperating with the screwing portion 312 to realize the abutting between the metal closure head 32 and the bulging structure 311;

[0051] a first sealing member 401 arranged between the metal closure head 32 and the inner container 1;

[0052] a second sealing member 402 arranged between at least two of the metal closure head 32, the inner container 1, and the metal insert 31;

[0053] a third sealing member 403 arranged between at least two of the metal insert 31, the metal closure head 32, and the metal fastener 33.

[0054] The technical solution disclosed by the application realizes multi-layer airtightness by optimizing the structure of the bottle head 3. In order from the inner container 1 to the outside, the airtightness is sequentially provided by the first sealing member 401, the second sealing member 402, and the third sealing member 403. The above-mentioned arrangement can effectively improve the sealing effect of the bottle head 3, separates the stress structure and the sealing structure of the bottle head, avoids the decline of the sealing performance caused by high pressure, and reduces the possibility of airtightness failure of the bottle head 3.

[0055] More importantly, the arrangement in the embodiment can overcome the dependence on the machining precision of each matching part in the prior art, and the sealing effect is ensured by adjusting the matching precision during the assembly process. Therefore, the arrangement provides a structural basis for simplifying the assembly process, thereby ensuring the yield rate and effectively improving the production efficiency and quality.

[0056] In the setting details of the metal insert 31, in the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the metal insert 31 further includes an optical axis portion 314 arranged between the bulging structure 311 and the threaded portion 312, and the medium channel 313 penetrates the three portions. The metal head 32 is sleeved on the optical axis portion 314, and the two axial ends thereof are respectively used for matching the bulging structure 311 and the metal fastener 33. The optical axis portion 314 can better realize the matching with the metal head 32, thereby avoiding the influence of the thread on the matching, and at the same time, the position adjustment of the metal head 32 to a certain extent can be realized, so that the airtightness effect between the metal head 32, the bulging structure 311, and the inner container 1 is realized through the metal fastener 33. In the embodiment, the inner diameter size of the metal head 32 matches the outer diameter size of the optical axis portion 314. In theory, the inner diameter size of the metal head 32 and the outer diameter size of the optical axis portion 314 are precision matching. In order to reduce the dependence on precision, in the actual product, the two are gap matching, but the gap size should not be too large, and should be smaller than the size of the sealing member to avoid sealing failure.

[0057] Similarly, in the detail setting of the metal head 32, in the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the metal head 32 is a stepped hole as a whole and includes a first matching hole 321 and a second matching hole 322 that are in communication with each other, and an excessive step 323 is arranged between the two matching holes. The first matching hole 321 matches the size of the optical axis portion 314, and the second matching hole 322 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the optical axis portion 314 to form a clamping chamber 34. The end surface of the inner container 1 abuts against the excessive step 323. The arrangement of the stepped hole can provide a limiting effect for the assembly process, improve the assembly efficiency, and at the same time improve the assembly precision, thereby improving the airtightness effect.

[0058] The clamping chamber 34 is achieved by the cooperation of the metal insert 31 and the metal head 32. Referring to the embodiment shown in the drawings, at least a portion of the metal head 32 is arranged in a gap with the optical axis portion 314 to form the clamping chamber 34, the inner container 1 extends into the clamping chamber 34 through the axial gap between the metal head 32 and the bulging structure 311, and the metal insert 31 and / or the metal head 32 is provided with a clamping protrusion 341 extending towards the clamping chamber 34. The clamping chamber 34 can provide a relatively closed space, thereby providing a stable sealing effect. The clamping protrusion 341 can further improve the clamping effect of the metal insert 31 and / or the metal head 32 on the inner container 1, thereby improving the pressure resistance of the inner container 1. In actual products, the clamping chamber 34 can extend along the surfaces of both the metal insert 31 and the metal head 32, thereby forming a longer dimension, and can also vary gradually in the axial direction of the inner container 1 in the radial dimension, thereby forming a three-dimensional clamping chamber 34, further improving the restraining effect of the metal insert 31 and the metal head 32 on the inner container 1.

[0059] In the arrangement of the various seals, referring to the embodiment shown in the drawings, the first seal 401 is arranged on the end face of the metal head 32 towards the bulging structure 311. The second seal 402 is arranged between the end face of the inner container 1 and the excessive step 323. The metal head 32 abutting the inner edge of the metal insert 31 is provided with a third seal chamfer 324, and the third seal 403 is arranged between the third seal chamfer 324 and the peripheral surface of the optical axis portion 314. The above arrangement can provide a restraining effect for the seals while ensuring assembly effect, avoiding deformation and displacement of the seals under pressure, thereby improving the overall life of the high-pressure container.

[0060] As can be understood from the foregoing, the inner container 1 and the bottle head 3 constitute a gas-tight system, but the pressure resistance needs to be achieved through the reinforcing shell 2. In the prior art, the reinforcing shell 2 and the bottle head 3 are arranged independently, and weak parts are easily formed at the joint between the bottle head 3 and the reinforcing shell 2.

[0061] Referring to the embodiment shown in the drawings, the radial outer peripheral surface of the metal head 32 is provided with a recessed fitting ring groove 325, and at least a portion of the reinforcing shell 2 is embedded in the fitting ring groove 325. Through the fitting of the fitting ring groove 325 and the reinforcing shell 2, the overall pressure resistance strength can be effectively improved. Further, the outer edge of the end face of the metal head 32 towards the metal fastener 33 is provided with a clamping shoulder 326, and the reinforcing shell 2 at least wraps the clamping shoulder 326. This arrangement can further improve the overall pressure resistance strength and provide a more product appearance.

[0062] In addition to the optimization of the bottle head 3 structure (multiple sealing and compact layout), in the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the bottle head 3 further comprises a plastic head 35 sleeved on the metal head 32, the plastic head 35 is annular in structure, the inner ring is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the metal head 32, the first axial end surface of the plastic head 35 is attached to the inner container 1, and the second axial end surface is arc-shaped and matched with the outer shape of the inner container 1. The plastic head 35 can adjust the overall shape of the inner container 1 at the bottle head 3 part, thereby facilitating fiber winding, thereby forming a more regular reinforcing shell 2, providing a structural basis for other optimization settings.

[0063] The application also discloses a production process of the high-pressure container. Figure 6 To the accompanying Figure 13 The application discloses a production process of the high-pressure container, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S100, the metal insert 31 with the medium channel 313 with the bulging structure 311 is installed at the blow pin 901 of the blow molding equipment, the plastic tube embryo 902 is hung to meet that the lower end of the plastic tube embryo 902 is lower than the bulging structure 311 (as shown by the dashed line in the accompanying drawings), and the blow molding mold 903 is closed to blow mold to obtain the inner container 1 wrapped with the metal insert 31; Figure 7 S200, the metal head 32 is sleeved on the metal insert 31, the first sealing element 401 is installed between the metal head 32 and the inner container 1, the second sealing element 402 is installed between the inner container 1 and the metal insert 31, and the third sealing element 403 is installed between the metal head 32 and the metal insert 31;

[0065] S200, the metal head 32 is sleeved on the metal insert 31, the first sealing element 401 is installed between the metal head 32 and the inner container 1, the second sealing element 402 is installed between the inner container 1 and the metal insert 31, and the third sealing element 403 is installed between the metal head 32 and the metal insert 31;

[0066] S300, the metal fastener 33 is screwed on the metal insert 31 and pressed against the metal head 32 through screwing to tightly press the first sealing element 401, the second sealing element 402 and the third sealing element 403;

[0067] S400, the reinforcing fiber is wound on the inner container 1 to obtain the reinforcing shell 2, and the high-pressure container is obtained after the reinforcing shell 2 is processed according to a preset condition.

[0068] The technical scheme disclosed by the application can effectively improve the sealing effect of the bottle head 3 and reduce the possibility of air tightness failure of the bottle head 3 while ensuring production efficiency through the optimization of the production process, and provides a structural basis for simplifying the assembly process, thereby guaranteeing the yield rate and effectively improving the production efficiency and quality.

[0069] In the implementation details, reference is made to the accompanying Figure 9 and the accompanying Figure 10In the embodiment, in S100, after the inner container 1 wrapped with the metal insert 31 is obtained, the inner edge of the inner container 1 abutting against the metal insert 31 is processed to obtain the second sealing chamfer 11 accommodating the second sealing member 402. The arrangement of the second sealing chamfer 11 can improve the sealing effect of the second sealing member 402, and more importantly, the second sealing chamfer 11 can be processed at the same time to remove the burr in the blow molding process, thereby improving the assembly precision.

[0070] Referring to the embodiments shown in the drawings, Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the embodiment shown in the drawings, in S200, after the first sealing member 401 is assembled into the assembly groove 327 on the metal head 32 and cooperates with the inner container 1, the assembly groove 327 is opened towards the bulging structure 311. After the second sealing member 402 is assembled into the sealing space, the metal head 32 is assembled onto the metal insert 31 to realize the sealing of the second sealing member 402. The aperture of the metal head 32 towards the side of the bulging structure 311 matches the outer diameter of the inner container 1 wrapped on the metal insert 31, and the metal head 32 is deformed by extrusion to drive the inner container 1 to complete the assembly of the two. The metal head 32 abutting against the inner edge of the metal fastener 33 is provided with a third sealing chamfer 324 for accommodating the third sealing member 403.

[0071] In the embodiment, in S300, the plastic head 35 is sleeved on the metal head 32, the plastic head 35 is a ring structure, the inner ring is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the metal head 32, the first axial end surface of the plastic head 35 is attached to the inner container 1, and the second axial end surface is an arc surface and matches the shape of the inner container 1.

[0072] In the embodiment, in S400, the radial outer peripheral surface of the metal head 32 is provided with a recessed adapter ring groove 325, and at least a part of the reinforcing fiber on the winding path enters the adapter ring groove 325. In S400, the outer edge of the end surface of the metal head 32 towards the metal fastener 33 is provided with a clamping shaft shoulder 326, and the reinforcing fiber on the winding path wraps the clamping shaft shoulder 326.

[0073] It can be understood from the above that the application also discloses a high-pressure container obtained by implementing the production process of the high-pressure container in the above technical solutions.

[0074] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure. When the technical features in different embodiments are embodied in the same drawing, it is considered that the drawing also discloses the combination of the embodiments involved.

[0075] The above embodiments only express several implementation ways of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure vessel of composite material comprising an inner liner for containing a medium, a reinforcing shell wrapped around said inner liner, and a head communicating the interior of said inner liner with the outside, characterized in that, The bottle head comprises: a metal insert, comprising a bulging structure pressed against the inside of the liner, a screwing part extending to the outside, and a medium channel extending through the inside and outside; a metal cover, sleeved on the metal insert and pressed against the bulging structure to clamp the liner, the metal cover being a stepped hole as a whole, comprising a first fitting hole and a second fitting hole in communication with each other and provided with an excess step therebetween, and a third sealing chamfer being provided on the inner edge of the metal cover abutting against the metal insert; a metal buckle, cooperating with the screwing part to realize the pressing between the metal cover and the bulging structure; a first sealing member, provided between the metal cover and the liner, and on the end surface of the metal cover facing the bulging structure; a second sealing member, provided between the end surface of the liner and the excess step, the end surface of the liner abutting against the excess step; a third sealing member, provided between the third sealing chamfer and the circumferential surface of the metal insert; the first sealing member, the second sealing member and the third sealing member are sequentially arranged in the order from the liner to the outside, and the metal buckle is screwed on the metal insert and pressed against the metal cover by screwing to press the first sealing member, the second sealing member and the third sealing member to realize sealing.

2. The composite high-pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal insert further comprises an optical axis part provided between the bulging structure and the screwing part, the medium channel extends through the bulging structure, the optical axis part and the screwing part, and the metal cover is sleeved on the optical axis part and the axial two ends thereof are respectively used for cooperating with the bulging structure and the metal buckle.

3. The composite high-pressure vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that At least a part of the metal cover is gap-provided with the optical axis part to form a clamping chamber, the liner extends into the clamping chamber through the axial gap between the metal cover and the bulging structure, and the metal insert and / or the metal cover is provided with a clamping protrusion extending towards the clamping chamber.

4. The composite high-pressure vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that The first fitting hole is matched in size with the optical axis part, and the second fitting hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the optical axis part to form the clamping chamber.

5. The composite high-pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein The bottle head further comprises a plastic cover sleeved on the metal cover, the plastic cover being a ring structure, an inner ring being attached to the outer circumferential surface of the metal cover, a first axial end surface of the plastic cover being attached to the liner, and a second axial end surface being an arc surface matched with the shape of the liner.

6. The composite high-pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein A fitting ring groove is provided on the radially outer circumferential surface of the metal cover, and the reinforcing shell is embedded in the fitting ring groove.

7. The composite high-pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein An outer edge of the end surface of the metal cover facing the metal buckle is provided with a clamping shoulder, and the reinforcing shell at least wraps the clamping shoulder.

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