Precast raft foundation components, prefabricated raft foundations, and houses

Abstract

This invention relates to a prefabricated raft foundation component, comprising a prefabricated square base plate and a cross beam prefabricated on the square base plate. The four ends of the cross beam extend to the four sides of the square base plate, and each of the four ends of the cross beam extends to form a flange plate. The surface of the flange plate is parallel to the corresponding side of the base plate, and bolt assembly holes and / or pre-embedded assembly bolts are provided on the flange plate. The invention also relates to a prefabricated raft foundation using this prefabricated raft foundation component and a building using this prefabricated raft foundation. This invention enables prefabricated construction of raft foundations, significantly shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs. The prefabricated raft foundation component can be prefabricated, transported, stored, and installed on-site as standard parts. The bolt assembly structure enables the splicing of adjacent raft foundation components, resulting in high reliability and stability of the connection structure and ensuring the service performance of the raft foundation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a prefabricated raft foundation component, an assembled raft foundation using the prefabricated raft foundation component, and a house using the assembled raft foundation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, there are increasing studies on prefabricated concrete components such as prefabricated beams, prefabricated plates, and prefabricated columns, but there are few relevant engineering applications and studies on prefabricated components of assembled foundations, and this part of the construction period is long, and the assembly technology is difficult, which greatly restricts the development of building industrialization. The raft foundation is one of the common types of building substructures, which needs to bear the entire weight of the superstructure, and generally uses cast-in-place concrete construction operations, including formwork erection, steel bar binding, concrete pouring, and post-curing, etc., which has problems such as long construction period. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to a prefabricated raft foundation component, an assembled raft foundation using the prefabricated raft foundation component, and a house using the assembled raft foundation, which can at least solve some defects of the prior art.

[0004] The present application relates to a prefabricated raft foundation component, which comprises a prefabricated square bottom plate and a cross beam prefabricated on the square bottom plate, four ends of the cross beam respectively extend to four edge portions of the square bottom plate, and flange plates are formed at the four ends of the cross beam, the plate surface of the flange plate is parallel to the bottom plate edge portion on the corresponding side, and bolt assembly holes are provided on the flange plate and / or assembly bolts are pre-buried.

[0005] As one of the embodiments, the periphery of the square bottom plate extends upward to form a eave wall, and bolt assembly holes are provided on the eave wall and / or assembly bolts are pre-buried.

[0006] As one of the embodiments, the outer wall surface of the eave wall is coplanar with the outer plate surface of the corresponding side flange plate.

[0007] As one of the embodiments, at least part of the beam segments of the cross beam is a hollow beam.

[0008] As one of the embodiments, the hollow cavity of the hollow beam penetrates the beam body top surface and / or the beam body end surface.

[0009] As one of the embodiments, a stiffening rib is provided on the outer beam wall of the hollow beam, and the bottom end of the stiffening rib is connected to the square bottom plate.

[0010] As one of the embodiments, the flange plate, the cross beam, and the square bottom plate are integrally formed.

[0011] The application also relates to an assembled raft foundation formed by assembling a plurality of the prefabricated raft foundation components.

[0012] As one of the embodiments, at least part of the beam segments of the cross beam is a hollow beam, and the hollow cavity of the hollow beam is filled with cast-in-situ concrete.

[0013] The application also relates to a house comprising a raft foundation and an upper structure, wherein the raft foundation is formed by the assembled raft foundation, and the upper structure is supported on the assembled raft foundation.

[0014] The application has at least the following beneficial effects: the combination of the square bottom plate and the cross beam is adopted, the flange plates are formed at the four ends of the cross beam, the assembly parts (bolt assembly holes and / or assembly bolts) on the flange plates are used to splice the two adjacent raft foundation components, the assembly construction of the raft foundation can be realized, the construction period and the construction cost can be significantly shortened, the prefabricated raft foundation component can be used as a standard part, the prefabricated production, transportation, storage and on-site installation are facilitated, and the construction cost can be greatly reduced, the bolt assembly structure is used to splice the two adjacent raft foundation components, the connection structure has high reliability and stability, the service effect of the raft foundation can be ensured, the flange plates can play the role of stiffening ribs in addition to the assembly construction, and the working reliability of the cross beam is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0016] Figures 1-6 The structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated raft foundation component provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure, wherein, Figures 1-5 The raft foundation component using the square bottom plate is shown in the figure. Figure 6 The raft foundation component using the rectangular bottom plate is shown in the figure.

[0017] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the raft foundation provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0018] Figure 8 And Figure 9 The connection structure schematic diagram of the raft foundation and the prefabricated wallboard provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1-6 This invention provides a prefabricated raft foundation component 1, including a prefabricated square base plate 11 and a cross beam 12 prefabricated on the square base plate 11. The four ends of the cross beam 12 extend to the four sides of the square base plate 11, and each of the four ends of the cross beam 12 extends to form a flange plate 13. The surface of the flange plate 13 is parallel to the corresponding side of the base plate. Bolt mounting holes 15 and / or mounting bolts are provided on the flange plate 13.

[0022] The aforementioned square base plate 11 and cross beam 12 are preferably reinforced concrete components; they are preferably precast as a single piece; more preferably, the flange plate 13, cross beam 12, and square base plate 11 are integrally formed, which can improve the structural integrity and load-bearing performance of the raft foundation component 1 and ensure the reliability of the splicing structure between the raft foundation components 1. The aforementioned square base plate 11 can be a square base plate 11 or a rectangular base plate 11.

[0023] like Figure 2 Preferably, vent holes 18 are provided on the square base plate 11 to facilitate the placement of the raft foundation component 1 onto the foundation pad. In another optional embodiment, multiple mounting bolts can be pre-embedded in the foundation pad, and multiple bolt holes can be provided on the square base plate 11. By inserting the mounting bolts into the bolt holes on the square base plate 11 and locking them with nuts, the raft foundation 2 can be fixed to the foundation pad, further improving the working reliability of the raft foundation 2. The bolt holes can also serve as vent holes.

[0024] The aforementioned cross beam 12 includes four beam segments, the ends of which extend to the four sides of the square base plate 11, wherein the length direction of each beam segment is perpendicular to the corresponding side of the square base plate 11; in addition, the outer surface of the flange plate 13 of the beam segment is preferably coplanar with the corresponding side of the base plate.

[0025] Preferably, each end of the cross beam 12 extends laterally to both sides with a flange plate 13, which can improve the stability and reliability of the assembly structure between the raft foundation components 1.

[0026] When the mounting part provided on the flange plate 13 is a mounting bolt, the mounting part on the other raft foundation component 1 spliced ​​with the flange plate 13 needs to be a bolt mounting hole 15. Then, in each cross beam 12, the mounting part on the flange plate 13 at one end is a mounting bolt, and the mounting part on the flange plate 13 at the other end is a bolt mounting hole 15.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-6 Multiple bolt mounting holes 15 are provided on the flange plate 13. After the two raft foundation components 1 are spliced, bolts are passed through the bolt mounting holes 15 on the flange plates 13 of the two raft foundation components 1 on site, and then nuts are used to lock them in place. In particular, when the square base plate 11 is a square base plate 11, and the bolt mounting holes 15 on the flange plates 13 at each end of the cross beam 12 are used as assembly parts and the distribution of the assembly parts is the same, the above-mentioned raft foundation component 1 can be used as a standard part, and any end can be spliced ​​with another raft foundation component 1. The assembly flexibility is high, which can significantly reduce the assembly difficulty and improve the assembly construction efficiency.

[0028] More preferably, such as Figures 1-7 The square base plate 11 extends upward from its periphery to form an eaves wall 14, on which bolt assembly holes 15 and / or pre-embedded assembly bolts are provided. Similarly, it is preferable to use multiple bolt assembly holes 15 on the eaves wall 14 as assembly parts. Based on the above structure, the eaves wall 14 is mainly used for assembly connection between the square base plates 11, while the flange plate 13 is mainly used for assembly connection between the cross beams 12. Therefore, the integrity of the assembly structure and the strength of the connection structure between the two prefabricated raft foundation components 1 can be improved, and the cooperative stress-bearing capacity between the cross beams 12 and the square base plate 11 is better.

[0029] Preferably, the outer wall surface of the eaves wall 14 is coplanar with the outer plate surface of the corresponding flange plate 13.

[0030] The prefabricated raft foundation component 1 provided in this embodiment adopts a combined structure of a square base plate 11 and a cross beam 12, and flange plates 13 are extended from each of the four ends of the cross beam 12. The splicing between two adjacent raft foundation components 1 is achieved through the assembly parts (bolt assembly holes 15 and / or assembly bolts) on the flange plates 13, which can realize the prefabricated construction of the raft foundation 2 and significantly shorten the construction period and construction cost. The above-mentioned prefabricated raft foundation component 1 can be used as a standard part, which is convenient for prefabrication, transportation, storage and on-site installation, and can greatly reduce construction costs. The bolt assembly structure is used to splice between two adjacent raft foundation components 1, which has high reliability and stability, and can ensure the service performance of the raft foundation 2. In addition to realizing the assembly construction, the flange plate 13 can also act as a stiffening rib, effectively improving the working reliability of the cross beam 12.

[0031] To further optimize the structure of the raft foundation component 1, at least a portion of the cross beam 12 is made into a hollow beam, which reduces the weight of the raft foundation component 1. After the prefabricated construction of the raft foundation 2 is completed, concrete is poured into the hollow cavity 16 of the hollow beam, thus ensuring the structural performance of the cross beam 12. The top surface of the hollow beam can be a closed surface, and a grouting hole can be opened on its top surface to pour concrete into its hollow cavity 16; in this design, reinforcing bars can be pre-embedded in the hollow cavity 16.

[0032] In another embodiment, such as Figures 2-5 The hollow cavity 16 of the hollow beam penetrates the top surface of the beam and / or its end surface; preferably, the hollow cavity 16 is designed to penetrate at least the top surface of the beam, which facilitates the later installation of reinforcing bars and pouring of concrete (of course, the reinforcing bars can also be pre-embedded in the groove wall of the hollow cavity 16 during prefabrication); when the hollow cavity 16 penetrates the end surface of the beam, the hollow cavities 16 of each raft foundation component 1 in the raft foundation 2 are interconnected, so after the cast-in-place concrete is poured, the structural integrity and synergistic stress-bearing capacity of each raft foundation component 1 can be significantly improved, thereby improving the service performance of the raft foundation 2; it is understood that grouting holes can also be opened on the end surface of the beam to allow the hollow cavities 16 to be interconnected.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 The hollow beam has stiffening ribs 17 on its outer beam wall. The bottom end of the stiffening ribs 17 is connected to the square base plate 11, which can compensate for the problem of reduced structural strength of the hollow beam caused by the hollow structure.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figure 7 This invention provides a prefabricated raft foundation 2, which is formed by assembling multiple prefabricated raft foundation components 1 provided in the above embodiment 1. The flange plates 13 between two adjacent prefabricated raft foundation components 1 abut against each other and are bolted together.

[0036] As described above, when at least a portion of the cross beam 12 is a hollow beam, the hollow cavity 16 of the hollow beam is filled with cast-in-place concrete.

[0037] Furthermore, the hollow cavities 16 of each cross beam 12 are interconnected, and the cast-in-place concrete in each cross beam 12 is poured at the same time, which can connect each precast raft foundation component 1 into one, thereby improving the structural integrity and load-bearing performance of the raft foundation 2.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] This invention provides a house, including a raft foundation 2 and a superstructure. The raft foundation 2 is the prefabricated raft foundation 2 provided in Embodiment 2 above, and the superstructure is supported on the prefabricated raft foundation 2.

[0040] The superstructure can be a wall, which can be a cast-in-place wall or a prefabricated wall.

[0041] For cast-in-place upper walls, steel bars can be pre-embedded or later installed at the top of each cross beam 12 and overlapped with the wall's steel bars before formwork is erected and the wall is cast.

[0042] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 For prefabricated walls, bolts 4 can be pre-embedded or post-installed at the top of each cross beam 12. The prefabricated wall panel 3 is supported on the top bolts 4 of the cross beam 12 (the wall leveling operation can be completed at the same time). The vertical gap between the two is then filled with cast-in-place concrete.

[0043] When at least a portion of the cross beam 12 is a hollow beam, especially when the hollow cavity 16 extends through the top surface of the beam, the beam reinforcement can be installed within the hollow cavity 16 by overlapping the wall reinforcement of the upper wall with the beam reinforcement, followed by formwork erection to simultaneously complete the concrete pouring of the upper wall and the hollow cavity 16; alternatively, top bolts 4 can be tied and fixed to the beam reinforcement, and precast wall panels 3 can be connected to the top bolts 4 before formwork erection to simultaneously complete the concrete pouring of the gap between the wall panel 3 and the cross beam 12, as well as the hollow cavity 16. This solution can further improve the structural integrity and coordinated load-bearing capacity between the wall and the cross beam 12, effectively enhancing the structural performance and safety of the building.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of house, comprising a raft foundation and a superstructure, characterized in that: The raft foundation is a prefabricated raft foundation, which is formed by assembling multiple prefabricated raft foundation components. The prefabricated raft foundation component includes a prefabricated square base plate and a cross beam prefabricated on the square base plate. The four ends of the cross beam extend to the four sides of the square base plate, and each of the four ends of the cross beam extends to form a flange plate. The surface of the flange plate is parallel to the corresponding side of the base plate, and bolt assembly holes and / or pre-embedded assembly bolts are provided on the flange plate. In this structure, the flange plates of two adjacent prefabricated raft foundation components abut against each other and are bolted together. The superstructure is a prefabricated wall structure, which is supported on the prefabricated raft foundation; At least a portion of the cross beam is a hollow beam, and the hollow cavity of the hollow beam extends through the top surface and end surface of the beam. The hollow cavities of each raft foundation component within the raft foundation are interconnected. Beam reinforcement is installed in the hollow cavity, top bolts are tied and fixed to the beam reinforcement, and precast wall panels are connected to the top bolts. Then, formwork is erected to simultaneously complete the concrete pouring work for the gap between the precast wall panels and the cross beam, as well as the hollow cavity.

2. The house as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The perimeter of the square base plate extends upward to form an eaves wall, and bolt assembly holes and / or pre-embedded assembly bolts are provided on the eaves wall.

3. The house as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of the eaves wall is coplanar with the outer plate surface of the corresponding flange plate.

4. The house as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow beam has stiffening ribs on its outer beam wall, and the bottom end of the stiffening ribs is connected to the square base plate.

5. The house as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flange plate, the cross beam, and the square base plate are integrally formed.

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