Method for grinding concave outer circle and end face

Abstract

The application discloses a grinding processing method for inner concave outer circle and end face, which comprises the following steps: grinding the inner concave outer circle and end face of a part to be processed by using a grinding wheel; the grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel body and a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod is connected to a grinding wheel frame, and the other end is connected to one end of the grinding wheel body; a grinding surface is arranged on the side surface of the grinding wheel body to grind the part to be processed; the central axis of the connecting rod and the central axis of the part to be processed have an inclination angle alpha; on the plane passing through the central axis of the part to be processed, the end face projection line is used as a reference line, the highest height of the inner concave outer circle projection line relative to the reference line is H, the diameter of the grinding wheel body is D, the diameter of the connecting rod is d, the length of the connecting rod is l, l<=3d is satisfied, and beta=90-alpha. The application has the advantages of high machining precision and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding, and more particularly to a grinding method for concave outer circles and end faces. Background Technology

[0002] There is a type of part 1 with gears to be processed (e.g. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a central shaft 11 and a gear 12 with a web plate disposed on the outer circumference of one end of the central shaft 11. The outer circle 11 of the central shaft 11 near the end of the gear 12 is provided with an inner concave outer circle 111 and an end face 112. The end face 112 and the inner concave outer circle 111 are arranged perpendicularly and have a circular arc transition. The inner concave outer circle 111 and the end face 112 need to be machined. An inner hole 121 is provided between the gear 12 and the inner concave outer circle 111.

[0003] In existing technologies, internal grinding wheels are typically used for direct machining (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown), during machining, the front end face of the web of gear 12 (reference surface A) is used as the clamping reference, and a disk is used for direct adsorption. The central axis of the grinding wheel 2 for internal grinding is parallel to the central axis 11 of part 1. When machining using this method, the connecting rod 21 of the grinding wheel 2 is very thin and long (the length l of the connecting rod 21 is much larger than the diameter d of the connecting rod 21, generally l>5d), and the rigidity is poor. When machining the end face 112 (face B), the feed is from top to bottom (from far to near on the machine tool plane). When machining the concave outer circle 111 (face C), the feed is from right to left (as shown). Figure 3 (In the direction indicated by the middle arrow), it is prone to vibration and shaking during processing, which can lead to burns on the parts. The grinding wheel body 2 is restricted by the inner hole 121. In order to avoid interference between the grinding wheel 2 and the inner hole 121 (surface D), the diameter of the grinding wheel body 2 is generally relatively small. The grinding wheel body 22 wears out quickly, resulting in low processing efficiency and unstable dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a grinding method for concave outer circles and end faces with high processing efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A grinding method for concave outer circles and end faces of a workpiece includes grinding the concave outer circles and end faces of the workpiece using a grinding wheel. During grinding, the grinding wheel includes a grinding wheel body and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the grinding wheel holder, and the other end is connected to one end of the grinding wheel body. The grinding wheel body has a grinding surface on its side for grinding the workpiece. The central axis of the connecting rod has an inclination angle α with the central axis of the workpiece. On a plane passing through the central axis of the workpiece, using the projection line of the end face as a reference line, the highest height of the projection line of the concave outer circle relative to the reference line is H. The diameter of the grinding wheel body is D, and the diameter and length of the connecting rod are d and l, respectively, satisfying l ≤ 3d. β = 90° - α.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0008] The grinding surface includes two vertically arranged first grinding surface and second grinding surface, which are used for grinding the end face and the inner concave outer circle, respectively.

[0009] The grinding length of the second grinding surface is greater than that of the first grinding surface.

[0010] The tilt angle α satisfies 30°≤α≤90°.

[0011] The tilt angle α satisfies 30°≤α≤60°.

[0012] The tilt angle α = 45°.

[0013] The two ends of the central shaft of the part to be processed are positioned and clamped by the machine tool center.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] In the grinding method of the present invention, the central axis of the grinding wheel connecting rod and the central axis of the workpiece to be processed have an inclination angle α. On the plane passing through the central axis of the workpiece to be processed, with the end face projection line as the reference line, the highest height of the inner concave outer circle projection line relative to the reference line is H. The diameter of the grinding wheel body is D, the diameter of the connecting rod is d, and the length is l, satisfying l≤3d. β = 90° - α. The tilt angle setting allows the present invention to use a short and thick connecting rod and a large-diameter grinding wheel body, avoiding the interference problem caused by the inner hole limitation of the parts when using a short and thick connecting rod and a large-diameter grinding wheel in the prior art. It also solves the problems of parts burning, cracking and substandard precision caused by grinding wheel wear and connecting rod vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the part to be processed according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the part to be processed according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a simplified diagram illustrating existing conventional processing methods.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the processing method of the present invention.

[0020] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Part to be processed; 11. Central shaft; 111. End face; 112. Inner concave outer circle; 2. Grinding wheel; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Grinding wheel body; 221. First grinding surface; 222. Second grinding surface. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] There is a type of part 1 with gears to be processed (e.g. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a central shaft 11 and a gear 12 with a web plate disposed on the outer circumference of one end of the central shaft 11. The outer circle 11 of the central shaft 11 near the end of the gear 12 is provided with an inner concave outer circle 111 and an end face 112. The end face 112 and the inner concave outer circle 111 are arranged perpendicularly and have a circular arc transition. The inner concave outer circle 111 and the end face 112 need to be machined. An inner hole 121 is provided between the gear 12 and the inner concave outer circle 111.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown ( Figure 4 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the feed direction for machining the concave outer circle 112. The feed direction has an angle with the central axis of the central axis 11 (the angle is the same as the inclination angle α). The grinding method for the concave outer circle and end face in this embodiment includes grinding the concave outer circle 112 and end face 111 of the part to be machined 1 using a grinding wheel 2. During machining, the grinding wheel 2 includes a grinding wheel body 22 and a connecting rod 21. One end of the connecting rod 21 is connected to the grinding wheel holder (not shown), and the other end is connected to one end of the grinding wheel body 22. The side of the grinding wheel body 22 has a grinding surface for grinding the part to be machined 1. The central axis of the connecting rod 21 has an inclination angle α with the central axis of the part to be machined 1. Taking the projection line of the end face 111 as the reference line, the highest height of the projection line of the concave outer circle 112 relative to the reference line is H. The diameter of the grinding wheel body 22 is D, the diameter of the connecting rod 21 is d, and the length is l, satisfying l≤3d. β = 90° - α. The tilt angle setting allows the present invention to use a short, thick connecting rod and a large-diameter grinding wheel 2, avoiding the technical problem of interference caused by the size of the inner hole 121 of the part when using a short, thick connecting rod 21 and a large-diameter grinding wheel body 22 in the prior art. It also solves the problems of burns, cracks, and substandard precision caused by wear of the grinding wheel body 22 and vibration of the connecting rod. When l ≤ 3d, the grinding wheel processing condition is good; if l exceeds 3d, the grinding wheel rigidity is poor, and the probability of vibration during processing is high.

[0025] The grinding surface includes two perpendicularly arranged first grinding surface 221 and second grinding surface 222, which are used for grinding the end face 111 and the concave outer circle 112, respectively. On a plane perpendicular to the workpiece 1, the projection lines of the first grinding surface 221 and the second grinding surface 222 are parallel to the projection lines of the grinding end face 111 and the concave outer circle 112, respectively. The grinding surface of the grinding wheel is in direct contact with the workpiece surface, which improves the utilization rate of the grinding wheel and the machining accuracy.

[0026] The grinding length of the second grinding surface 222 is greater than the grinding length of the first grinding surface 221.

[0027] The tilt angle α satisfies 30°≤α≤90°.

[0028] The tilt angle α satisfies 30°≤α≤60°.

[0029] In this embodiment, the tilt angle α = 45°.

[0030] Both ends of the central shaft 11 of the part to be processed 1 ( Figure 4 The E and F surfaces are positioned and clamped using the machine tool center.

[0031] In this embodiment, the grinding wheel holder is rotated 45 degrees during processing so that α = 45°. The upper limit of the diameter of the grinding wheel body 22 is... In this embodiment, the diameter of the grinding wheel body 22 is 125mm, the diameter of the connecting rod 21 is 40mm, and the length is 80mm, which provides sufficient machining rigidity.

[0032] When the grinding wheel body 22 needs to be repaired, the side dressing method is used (the dressing pen and the outer circle of the grinding wheel are at a 45-degree angle in the clockwise direction) to repair the grinding wheel body 22, and then processing can be carried out.

[0033] In conventional machining methods, the grinding surface wear of the grinding wheel 2 on the longitudinal grinding end face 111 of a workpiece 1 is 0.13 mm, and the grinding surface wear on the outer diameter grinding inner concave outer circle 112 is 0.16 mm. Using the machining method of this invention, the wear on the first grinding surface 221 of the grinding wheel 2 on the grinding end face is 0.01 mm, and the wear on the second grinding surface 222 in the outer diameter direction is 0.02 mm. The machining time for a workpiece 1 is reduced from 27 minutes using conventional methods to 4 minutes, and the product rework rate is reduced from 40% to 0%.

[0034] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding method for a concave outer circle and an end face, comprising using a grinding wheel (2) to grind the concave outer circle (112) and the end face (111) of a workpiece (1), wherein the grinding wheel (2) comprises a grinding wheel body (22) and a connecting rod (21), one end of the connecting rod (21) is connected to the grinding wheel holder, and the other end is connected to one end face of the grinding wheel body (22), and the grinding wheel body (22) has a grinding surface on its side for grinding the workpiece (1), characterized in that: The central axis of the connecting rod (21) has an inclination angle α with the central axis of the workpiece (1). On the plane passing through the central axis of the workpiece (1), with the projection line of the end face (111) as the reference line, the highest height of the projection line of the concave outer circle (112) relative to the reference line is H. The diameter of the grinding wheel body (22) is D, the diameter of the connecting rod (21) is d, and the length is l, satisfying l≤3d. β = 90° - α.

2. The grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding surface includes a first grinding surface (221) and a second grinding surface (222), which are used to grind the end face (111) and the inner concave outer circle (112), respectively.

3. The grinding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding length of the second grinding surface (222) is greater than that of the first grinding surface (221).

4. The grinding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The tilt angle α satisfies 30°≤α≤90°.

5. The grinding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tilt angle α satisfies 30°≤α≤60°.

6. The grinding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tilt angle α = 45°.

7. The grinding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two ends of the central shaft (11) of the part to be processed (1) are positioned and clamped by the machine tool center.

Images