A new agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting

Abstract

A novel method for fertilizing and plant protection in agriculture and forestry based on blasting. The present invention relates to the field of fertilizing and plant protection in agriculture and forestry, and particularly to a novel method for fertilizing and plant protection in agriculture and forestry based on blasting. The present invention discloses a novel method for fertilizing and plant protection in agriculture and forestry based on blasting, and the method mainly includes the following links: Link 1, the overall layout of the device; Link 2, the overall working process; Link 3, device control and blasting simulation verification. The novel method for fertilizing and plant protection in agriculture and forestry provided by the present invention can be used for fertilizing and plant protection operations of large-area crops. At the same time, when operating on individual agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilizing and plant protection in hilly and mountainous areas, plateaus, and ancient forest areas, it can effectively reduce the waste of chemical fertilizers and pesticides generated during traditional fertilizing and plant protection operations, and also provide more choices for farmers' fertilizing and plant protection operation methods, achieving the purpose of saving farmers' labor and improving agricultural time efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection, and particularly to a new method for agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection based on blasting Background Art

[0002] Currently, the fertilization and plant protection operations for large-scale farm crops and trees mainly rely on traditional agricultural machinery and manual labor. However, for hilly mountainous areas, plateaus, and ancient forest areas, due to the influence of terrain, it is very difficult for agricultural machinery and manual labor to carry out on-site fertilization and plant protection operations. In some areas, the flexible characteristics of agricultural drones and their less influence by terrain are generally utilized, and relevant operation devices are carried on them to complete fertilization and plant protection operations.

[0003] Most of the current devices for carrying out fertilization operations using drones adopt a centrifugal turntable structure, and the centrifugal force of the centrifugal turntable is used to achieve material taking and spreading; in the aspect of drone plant protection operations, a pneumatic type is mostly adopted, where a gas pump is charged to do work for inflation, and the gas is pressed into a pressurized air pipe. The gas is pressed into the sealed space at the upper end of the liquid medicine tank through the built-in air pipe in the pressurized air pipe. When the pressure in the sealed space exceeds the rated value, the sealed slide plate moves downward passively, and the liquid medicine at the lower end of the built-in air pipe is delivered to the liquid medicine output pipe passively and sprayed out through the spraying cover.

[0004] The above-mentioned agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection operation methods are mostly applicable to farmlands or forests that require large-area fertilization and plant protection, with strong pertinence and relatively single operation methods. When applying this method to individual agricultural crops and trees that need fertilization (such as foliar fertilization of wolfberry trees from May to July every year and a certain diseased tree in the forest) and plant protection in hilly mountainous areas, plateaus, and ancient forest areas, it is not the only solution, and it is easy to cause waste of chemical fertilizers and pesticides after the operation. Therefore, in view of this problem, there is an urgent need to innovate the method in the agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection operation methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new method that is not only applicable to large-area agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection operations, but also equally applicable to individual agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilization and plant protection in hilly mountainous areas, plateaus, and ancient forest areas.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The steps of the novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting include: overall layout of the device, work flow, device control and blasting simulation verification. The equipment required for the overall layout of the device in the novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting includes: agricultural plant protection drones (including arms, propellers, brushless motors, lower center plates and projectile delivery control devices), agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bombs; the work flow in the novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting is detailed in the implementation method and the accompanying drawings; the materials used for device control and blasting simulation in the novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting are simulated by using agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bombs and granular fertilizers as examples.

[0007] Preferably, a partial description of the novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting is as follows:

[0008] Description of each component in the overall layout of the device:

[0009] 1. Agricultural plant protection drones can be any type of quad-rotor, hexacopter, octacopter, etc.;

[0010] 2. The machine arm is made of lightweight and high-strength pipes;

[0011] 3. Propellers are used to provide lift for the drone to fly. The propeller drive is connected to the brushless motor;

[0012] 4. Brushless motor, used to provide rotational power to the propeller, the brushless motor is fixedly installed on the machine arm;

[0013] 5. The lower center plate is used to carry the installation of the machine arm. The machine arm is fixedly installed on the lower center plate. The bomb body control device can be installed on the lower center plate to hang the multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry; it cooperates with the upper center plate to carry the installation of the machine arm together;

[0014] 6. The multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry has the following internal components: the center of the bomb body is a blasting device, and the surrounding area is filled with granular, powdered, liquid fertilizers and liquid medicines required for fertilization or plant protection.

[0015] 7. The missile delivery control device is evenly installed on the lower center plate of the plant protection UAV (it can be a simple single-axis servo or other type of servo that can control the falling of the missile), and is connected to the missile to control the falling state of the missile. The number of such devices installed is the same as the number of agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bombs carried by the plant protection UAV.

[0016] A new method of agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection based on blasting method:

[0017] Preparation:

[0018] 1. Select a suitable plant protection UAV model according to the area of agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilization or plant protection.

[0019] 2. Test the overall performance of the plant protection UAV, including endurance, laser ranging system, communication between the flight control system and various components, and the autonomous return ability of the plant protection UAV.

[0020] 3. Select a suitable multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry according to the growth status of agricultural and forestry crops.

[0021] Workflow:

[0022] 1. When the plant protection UAV reaches above the agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilization or plant protection, the laser ranging device on the aircraft body will measure the distance between the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry and the top of the agricultural and forestry crops in real time, and transmit the distance data to the UAV flight control system in real time.

[0023] 2. After the flight control system of the plant protection UAV communicates with the wireless transmission module, it will send the distance data to the bomb body control system of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry, and calculate the time required from bomb dropping to explosion through the preset blasting height.

[0024] 3. When the micro control system inside the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry gives a bomb dropping signal, the bomb body dropping control device will simultaneously control the switch to open. At this time, the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry will fall, and the timing device will start.

[0025] 4. When the timing ends, the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry will explode, and the chemical fertilizer or pesticide in the bomb body will cover the agricultural and forestry crops, completing the fertilization (such as foliar fertilization) and plant protection operations for the agricultural and forestry crops.

[0026] Device control and blasting simulation verification:

[0027] 1. On the basis of determining the workflow, use Proteus software to conduct simulation analysis of the control system to verify whether the control scheme is feasible. The idea used in the control algorithm is shown in the specific implementation method.

[0028] 2. Establish a model of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry and import it into LS-DYNA. Set the material properties inside and outside the bomb body. The material inside the bomb body is selected as granular chemical fertilizer. The blasting device is set to the ideal state after using any one of the blasting methods mentioned in the text in the simulation, and mesh division is performed on the bomb body. Finally, perform blasting solution calculation on the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agricultural and forestry to obtain the state distribution map after simulation.

[0029] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer shell of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry uses degradable materials. After the bomb body explodes in farmland or forest, it will not cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. The degradable materials can be all other materials belonging to the category of environmental protection materials, such as photo-degradable plastics, biodegradable plastics, photo-oxidation / biological fully degradable plastics, carbon dioxide-based biodegradable plastics, thermoplastic starch resin degradable plastics, etc.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention: the blasting method of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry can adopt other methods that can achieve the blasting effect, such as carbon dioxide gas detonation and electric detonator detonation. When the plant protection bomb explodes and disperses, it will not only not damage the fertilizers and pesticides in the bomb body, but also the chemical fertilizer particles may be further broken and become smaller under the influence of the blasting force during the blasting process, which can also accelerate the dissolution speed of the chemical fertilizer after being spread on the farmland, enabling the crops to absorb it quickly; the drug will splash everywhere after being affected by the blasting force and act on the surfaces of a large number of crops. The blasting method adopted by the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry not only ensures that the fertilizers and drugs act on the farmland crops or the diseased trees in the forest in the largest area, but also breaks away from the existing pneumatic spraying and centrifugal fertilization, and has a certain plant protection effect.

[0031] The present invention aims to provide a technical solution that can use a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle to carry a multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry for blasting to achieve the coverage of chemical fertilizers and drugs above the agricultural and forestry crops and realize an efficient plant protection effect, providing new ideas and new means for agricultural and forestry production.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention is based on hanging a multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry (the number and weight of the bomb bodies are determined according to the actual load of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the area size of the plant protection area required) under an unmanned flight platform, and realizes the operation on the crops by dropping and blasting the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry above the crops. It is another innovative plant protection concept and method in addition to the pneumatic and centrifugal fertilization and spraying of unmanned aerial vehicles. It can realize large-area or small-area fertilization and plant protection operations on agricultural and forestry crops, and at the same time provide more choices for farmers' fertilization and plant protection operation methods, saving manpower for farmers and improving agricultural time efficiency.

[0033] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout composition of the device of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure: 1 - multi-purpose fertilizing and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry, 2 - propeller, 3 - arm, 4 - brushless motor, 5 - lower center plate, 6 - bomb body delivery control device (where ①②③ marked in the figure respectively represent the respective positions of the bomb body delivery control device);

[0037] Figure 2 It is a two-dimensional view of the multi-purpose fertilizing and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry mentioned in the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: 1 - outer shell of the multi-purpose fertilizing and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry, 2 - granular, powdery chemical fertilizers and liquid pesticides, etc. inside the bomb body of the multi-purpose fertilizing and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry, 3 - central blasting device of the bomb body of the multi-purpose fertilizing and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry;

[0039] Figure 3 It is the specific working flow chart of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a simulation diagram of the control system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a blasting simulation diagram of the present invention (simulation dispersion state of granular chemical fertilizers at 0.01 s after blasting);

[0042] Figure 6 It is a blasting simulation diagram of the present invention (simulation dispersion state of granular chemical fertilizers at 0.02 s after blasting). Specific embodiments

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2In the embodiment of the present invention, a novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting method includes an agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb 1, a propeller 2, an arm 3, a brushless motor 4, a lower center plate 5 and a bomb delivery control device 6;

[0045] 1. Arm 3 is made of lightweight and high-strength pipes;

[0046] 2. Propeller 2, used to provide lift for the plant protection UAV, propeller 2 is connected to brushless motor 4;

[0047] 3. A brushless motor 4, used to provide rotational power to the propeller 2, and the brushless motor 4 is fixedly mounted on the machine arm 3;

[0048] 4. The lower center plate 5 is used to carry the installation of the machine arm 3. The machine arm 3 is fixedly installed on the upper and lower center plates 5. The lower part of the lower center plate 5 is used to install a bomb delivery control device to hang and control the fall of the agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb 1;

[0049] 5. The shell of the multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb 1 for agriculture and forestry is made of degradable materials. After the bomb body explodes in the farmland or forest, it will not cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. The degradable material can be photodegradable plastic, biodegradable plastic, light, oxidation / biodegradable plastic, carbon dioxide-based biodegradable plastic, thermoplastic starch resin degradable plastic and any other materials belonging to the category of environmentally friendly materials.

[0050] 6. The missile delivery control device is evenly installed on the lower center plate of the plant protection UAV (it can be a simple single-axis servo or other type of servo that can control the falling of the missile), and is connected to the missile to control the falling state of the missile. The number of such devices installed is the same as the number of agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection missiles carried by the plant protection UAV.

[0051] The internal composition of the multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb 1 for agriculture and forestry is as follows: the center of the bomb body is a blasting device, and the surrounding parts are granular, powdered, liquid fertilizers and liquid medicines required for fertilization or plant protection. The blasting method can be electric detonator detonation, carbon dioxide gas detonation and other methods that can achieve blasting effects. For example, potassium perchlorate can explode after reacting with aluminum-titanium alloy. The multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry will not only not damage the fertilizers and pesticides in the bomb body during blasting and dispersion, but also the fertilizer particles may be further broken and reduced by the blasting force during the blasting process, which can also speed up the dissolution rate of fertilizers after being spread on the farmland, allowing crops to absorb them quickly; the medicine will splash and act on the surface of large areas of crops after being subjected to the blasting force. The blasting method adopted by the multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry not only ensures that the fertilizers and medicines act on the crops in the farmland over the largest area, but also breaks away from the current air pressure spraying and centrifugal fertilization, and has a certain plant protection effect.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a new type of agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting includes the following contents:

[0053] Description of the overall working process of a new type of agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting:

[0054] Preparation work:

[0055] 1. Select a suitable plant protection UAV model according to the area size of the agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilization or plant protection;

[0056] 2. Test the overall performance of the plant protection UAV, including endurance, laser ranging system, communication between the flight control system and each component, and the autonomous return ability of the plant protection UAV;

[0057] 3. Select a suitable multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb according to the growth status requirements of the agricultural and forestry crops.

[0058] Working process:

[0059] 1. When the plant protection UAV reaches above the agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilization or plant protection, the laser ranging device on the fuselage will measure the distance between the multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb and the top of the agricultural and forestry crops in real time, and transmit the distance data to the UAV flight control system in real time;

[0060] 2. The flight control system of the plant protection UAV will send the distance data to the micro control system inside the multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb through the wireless transmission module, and the micro control system will calculate the time required from bomb dropping to blasting through the preset blasting height;

[0061] 3. When the micro control system inside the multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb gives a bomb dropping signal, the bomb body dropping control device will simultaneously control the switch to open. At this time, the multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb will fall, and the timing device will start;

[0062] 4. When the timing ends, the multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb will explode, and the chemical fertilizer or pesticide in the bomb body will cover the agricultural and forestry crops, completing the fertilization and plant protection operations for the agricultural and forestry crops.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a new type of agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting includes the following contents:

[0064] Device control and blasting simulation verification:

[0065] 1. On the basis of determining the working process, use Proteus software to conduct simulation analysis of the control system, where Figure 3The core algorithm in the micro control system adopts the basic idea in the free fall formula, and initially uses simulation to verify the feasibility of this control method. The formula is as follows:

[0066] h = 1 / 2gt^2

[0067] In the formula, h is the height (m) from the blasting point of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry to the top of the crops;

[0068] g is the acceleration of gravity (10m / s 2 );

[0069] t is the time (s) required for the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry to fall and blast from the bottom.

[0070] 2. Establish a model of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry, and import it into LS-DYNA to set the material properties inside and outside the bomb (select granular chemical fertilizer as the material here), set the blasting device to the ideal state after using any one of the blasting methods mentioned in the text in the simulation, and set the mesh division. Finally, perform the blasting solution calculation to initially obtain the state distribution diagrams at different times after the blasting simulation.

[0071] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A new type of agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting, characterized in that, The novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting includes the following steps: Stage 1: Overall layout of the device; Step 2: Workflow; Stage 3: Device control and blasting simulation verification; Wherein said link 1 comprises the following structure: Structure 1: Agricultural plant protection drone, any of quad-rotor, hex-rotor, or oct-rotor; Structure 2: The machine arm is made of lightweight and high-strength pipes to provide support for the whole machine; Structure 3: propeller, used to provide lift for the drone to fly, the propeller drive is connected to the brushless motor; Structure 4: a brushless motor, used to provide rotational power to the propeller, and the brushless motor is fixedly mounted on the machine arm; Structure 5: The lower center plate is used to carry the installation of the machine arm. The machine arm is fixedly installed on the lower center plate. The bomb delivery control device can be installed on the lower center plate to hang the multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry; Structure 6: Multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry; the shell of the multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry is made of degradable material, and the degradable material is one of photodegradable plastic, biodegradable plastic, and thermoplastic starch resin degradable plastic; Structure 7: missile delivery control device; The step 2 includes the following two steps: Step 1: Preparation; Step 2: Workflow; Specifically, step 2 includes the following 4 sub-steps: Step 7-1, the plant protection drone arrives over the agricultural and forestry crops that need fertilization or plant protection. The laser ranging device on the fuselage will measure the distance between the agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb and the top of the agricultural and forestry crops in real time, and transmit the distance data to the drone flight control system in real time; Step 7-2, the flight control system of the plant protection drone will communicate with the wireless transmission module and send the distance data to the bomb body control system of the agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb, and calculate the time required from bombing to blasting through the preset blasting height; Step 7-3, when the system gives a bomb release signal, the bomb release control device will simultaneously control the switch to open, at which time the agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilizer and plant protection bomb falls, and the timing device starts; Step 7-4, when the timer ends, the multi-purpose agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection bomb explodes, and the fertilizer or pesticide in the bomb covers the agricultural and forestry crops, completing the fertilization and plant protection operations on the agricultural and forestry crops; The step 3 includes calculating the blasting time by means of the free fall formula, and using Proteus software to simulate the control system and LS-DYNA to perform blasting dynamic simulation.

2. The agroforestry multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb in the structure 6 according to claim 1, wherein, The number and weight of projectiles carried by the plant protection UAV are determined according to the actual load of the UAV and the size of the area requiring plant protection; the center of the projectile is the blasting device, and the surrounding area is granular or powdered fertilizers, or liquid fertilizers and liquid medicines required for fertilization or plant protection. The blasting method uses carbon dioxide gas detonation, electric detonator detonation, or the reaction of potassium perchlorate and aluminum-titanium alloy to produce an explosion.

3. The projectile delivery control device in the structure 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that They are evenly installed on the lower center plate of the plant protection UAV and connected to the missile body to control the falling state of the missile body. The number of installed devices is the same as the number of agricultural and forestry multi-purpose fertilizing and plant protection bombs carried by the plant protection UAV.

4. A novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 in Phase 2 includes the following 3 sub-steps: Step 6-1, select the appropriate plant protection drone model according to the size of the agricultural and forestry crop area that needs fertilization or plant protection; Step 6-2: Test the overall performance of the plant protection UAV, including endurance, laser ranging system, communication between the flight control system and each component, and the autonomous return ability of the plant protection UAV. Step 6-3: Select a suitable multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry according to the growth status requirements of agricultural and forestry crops.

5. A novel method for fertilizing and protecting plants in agriculture and forestry based on blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, Link 3 includes the following two steps: Step 1: Device control simulation. Step 2: Blasting simulation.

6. A novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 1 of the two steps in Link 3 includes the following two sub-steps: Step 9-1: On the basis of determining the work process, use Proteus software to conduct simulation analysis of the control system to verify whether the control scheme is feasible. Step 9-2: The core algorithm in the micro control system adopts the basic idea in the free fall formula, and initially uses simulation to verify the feasibility of this control method. The formula is as follows: h = 1 / 2gt∧2 In the formula, h is the height (m) from the blasting point of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry to the top of the crop. g is the acceleration due to gravity (10 m / s 2 ); t is the time (s) required for the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry to fall and blast from the bottom.

7. A novel agricultural and forestry fertilization and plant protection method based on blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 2 of the two steps in Link 3 includes the following two sub-steps: Step 10-1: Establish a model of the multi-purpose fertilization and plant protection bomb for agriculture and forestry, and import it into LS-DYNA to set the material property parameters and mesh division settings for the inside and outside of the bomb body. Step 10-2: Conduct blasting solution calculation of the bomb body to initially obtain the state distribution diagrams at different times after blasting simulation.

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