An oxygen-enriched pollution-prevention device and method for high-altitude tunnel construction

Abstract

This invention discloses an oxygen-enriched pollution-prevention device and method for high-altitude tunnel construction, relating to the field of high-altitude oxygen supplementation and purification technology. The invention includes an oxygen-enriched pollution-prevention processor, a terminal hose distribution system, and a top free-sliding system. The top free-sliding system includes a suspended rail mounted on the upper part of a tunnel trolley via fixing components, pulleys slidably connected to the inner wall of the suspended rail, and barrier components fixedly connected to both ends of the suspended rail to prevent the pulleys from detaching from the rail. The terminal distribution system includes a platform fixedly connected to the top of the pulleys, with an air supply pipe fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform. One end of the air supply pipe is fitted with a distributor for air diversion, and a retractable hose is connected to one side of the air supply pipe. This invention provides clean, healthy, oxygen-enriched, and slightly hydrogen-rich air for construction workers during high-altitude tunnel face construction without affecting the construction progress or increasing the physical burden on personnel. It is flexible, safe, reliable, healthy, and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-altitude oxygen supplementation and purification technology, and in particular relates to an oxygen-enriched pollution isolation device and pollution isolation method for high-altitude tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] In high-altitude areas, tunnels experience low air pressure and low oxygen levels, making ventilation increasingly difficult as the tunnel face advances. Blasting at the tunnel face leads to high dust concentrations and deteriorated air quality. The increased concentration of pollutants in exhaust gases from heavy machinery operating near the tunnel face due to low oxygen levels further reduces air quality. Workers near the tunnel face experience high physical exertion and a surge in oxygen consumption, but the low oxygen content forces their alveoli to expand automatically to meet these demands, resulting in a significant increase in inhaled pollutants and dust, leading to a high incidence of occupational diseases, respiratory distress, and negatively impacting worker health. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device and method for high-altitude tunnel construction, so as to protect the health of construction workers in high-altitude tunnels and provide them with clean, oxygen-enriched air with health benefits without affecting work efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is an oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction: including an oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor, an end hose distribution system, and a top free sliding system;

[0005] The top free sliding system includes a suspended slide rail installed on the upper part of the tunnel trolley by a fixing member, a pulley slidably connected to the inner wall of the suspended slide rail, and a barrier fixedly connected to both ends of the suspended slide rail to prevent the pulley from detaching from the suspended slide rail;

[0006] The terminal distribution system includes a platform fixedly connected to the top of the pulley. An air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform. One end of the air supply pipe is clamped with a distributor for diverting air. A retractable hose is connected to one side of the air supply pipe. The distributor cooperates with the oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor through the retractable hose. Four sets of distribution components are connected to the outer wall of the distributor.

[0007] Furthermore, the distributor is hemispherical and has an internal air storage cavity for dispersing air. The bottom of the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to a snap-fit ​​protrusion, and the distributor is snapped onto the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​protrusion.

[0008] Furthermore, the diverter is capable of rotating 360° relative to the snap-fit ​​protrusion on its outer wall, and a rubber ring for forming a sealing structure is provided at the connection between the diverter and the air supply pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the distribution assembly includes four sets of elastic hoses fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distributor and communicating with the distributor. One end of each elastic hose is connected to a breathing mask, and a flexible silicone strip is attached to the edge of the breathing mask. The purified air is directly delivered to the user's breathing area through the breathing mask, which effectively improves safety.

[0010] Furthermore, the oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor includes a housing, and an air filter, a hydrogen inhaler, an oxygen generator, and a storage battery are arranged sequentially from left to right on the inner bottom wall of the housing. A display screen is arranged on the front of the housing. The storage battery is used to provide power to the display screen, air filter, hydrogen inhaler, and oxygen generator. The storage battery provides direct power, realizing the portability of the device.

[0011] Furthermore, an air inlet is provided on one side of the housing, and air outlets are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the housing. The two air outlets are connected to each other through a pipe, and the air in the air inlet is purified and discharged from the air outlet to achieve air circulation.

[0012] Furthermore, an inspection door is slidably connected to the middle of the back of the housing, allowing personnel to easily inspect the components inside the housing.

[0013] Furthermore, a coarse screen filter plate and a fine screen filter plate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet. The coarse screen filter plate is located on the outer side of the air inlet. The coarse screen filter plate can directly filter large particulate impurities, while the fine screen filter plate can further filter the filtered air.

[0014] A method for pollution control in high-altitude tunnel construction includes an oxygen-enriched pollution control device and a pollution control method for high-altitude tunnel construction, and also includes the following operating steps:

[0015] S1, Air compression filtration: Air passes through the primary filter and the secondary filter before entering the air compressor, and is then delivered to the air filter by the air compressor;

[0016] S2, Air adsorption and impurity removal: After passing through an air filter, the air is delivered to an air storage tank, and then dried before entering the activated carbon adsorbent;

[0017] S3, Air Mixing: The adsorbed air is divided into two streams. One stream passes through the PSA adsorption tower to produce air with an oxygen concentration greater than 35%, while the other stream is not treated in any way. The two streams of gas are then mixed in proportion according to the oxygen concentration measured by the programmable controller.

[0018] S4, Hydrogen content control: The hydrogen flow rate is controlled by a hydrogen absorption machine to ensure that the hydrogen concentration after mixing is less than 2%;

[0019] S5, Air Sterilization: The sterilizer filters and sterilizes the mixed air;

[0020] S6, Air Supply: Filtered hydrogen is delivered to the end hose distribution system for use.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] By incorporating an oxygen-enriched air purification system, the system directly purifies the air, providing clean, healthy, oxygen-rich, and slightly hydrogen-rich air to construction workers, thus protecting their health. The system utilizes a suspension rail, pulleys, and a terminal distribution system. The terminal distribution system slides horizontally within the suspension rail via pulleys, facilitating use in various locations. The system also features a distributor, air supply pipe, rubber ring, and distribution components. The distributor can rotate relative to the air supply pipe, achieving a seal through the rubber ring during rotation. This facilitates rotation and reduces the risk of pipe entanglement and blockage, ensuring a continuous air supply without affecting construction progress or increasing physical burden on workers. Furthermore, it is flexible, safe, reliable, healthy, and convenient.

[0023] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top free sliding system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the top free sliding system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail and air distributor of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air pollution isolation method of the present invention.

[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0032] 1. Housing; 2. Air filter; 3. Hydrogen inhalation machine; 4. Oxygen generator; 5. Battery; 6. Display screen; 7. Air outlet; 8. Suspension rail; 9. Platform; 10. Pulley; 11. Barrier component; 12. Telescopic hose; 13. Air supply pipe; 14. Diverter; 15. Flexible hose; 16. Rubber ring; 17. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 18. Breathing mask; 19. Air inlet; 20. Inspection door. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-5 The present invention is an oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction, comprising an oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor, an end hose distribution system, and a top free sliding system;

[0036] The top free sliding system includes a suspended slide rail 8 installed on the upper part of the tunnel trolley by a fixing member, a pulley 10 slidably connected to the inner wall of the suspended slide rail 8, and a barrier 11 fixedly connected to both ends of the suspended slide rail 8 to prevent the pulley 10 from disengaging from the suspended slide rail 8. The pulley 10 can slide horizontally within the suspended slide rail 8 to drive the end distribution system to move, so as to facilitate use by different personnel. In order to prevent the pulley 10 from disengaging from the suspended slide rail 8, a barrier 11 is provided at the end of the suspended slide rail 8. The barrier 11 forms an effective restriction on the suspended slide rail 8, thereby ensuring the overall stability.

[0037] The terminal distribution system includes a platform 9 fixedly connected to the top of the pulley 10. The platform 9 is slidably connected to the suspension rail 8 via the pulley 10. This improves the stability of the platform 9 and allows the distributor 14 to move freely through the cooperation of the platform 9 and the pulley 10. An air supply pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform 9. One end of the air supply pipe 13 is connected to a distributor 14 for air distribution. A retractable hose 12 is connected to one side of the air supply pipe 13. The distributor 14 cooperates with the oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor through the retractable hose 12. Four distribution components are connected to the outer wall of the distributor 14. The retractable hose 12 is an elastic universal hose that is laid along the top of the tunnel and hangs down to the air processor after reaching both sides.

[0038] This invention addresses the problems of low air pressure, low oxygen content, high dust concentration near the tunnel face, and flue gas pollution in high-altitude areas. It employs dual-tower pressure swing adsorption oxygen generation technology, multi-stage filtration and purification adsorption technology, and intelligent oxygen concentration control technology to produce oxygen with a concentration of over 35% using polluted air as raw material. Through an intelligent control system, it achieves personalized oxygen-enriched supply for different numbers of people, different oxygen concentrations, and high air cleanliness.

[0039] The present invention also includes high, medium and low efficiency air filtration systems, air drying and purification systems, PSA oxygen generation systems, hydrogen absorption systems, PLC air mixing control systems, terminal air distribution systems, and sliding track systems.

[0040] This invention can stably provide clean air with an oxygen content of 0.3 g / L and a hydrogen gas fraction of less than 2% in tunnels at an altitude of 4000m and above. Compared with the oxygen content in the atmosphere at an altitude of 4000m, the oxygen enrichment effect is improved by 64.3%. The air supplied to personnel achieves PM2.5 less than or equal to 50, PM10 less than or equal to 50, and the total organic pollutants less than 500 ppb.

[0041] The preferred effect of the device of the present invention is that it provides clean, healthy, oxygen-rich, and low-hydrogen air for construction workers during the construction process at the tunnel face at high altitudes, ensuring the health of the workers without affecting the construction progress or increasing the physical burden on the workers.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the distributor 14 is hemispherical and has an internal air storage cavity for dispersing air. The bottom of the air supply pipe 13 is fixedly connected to a snap-fit ​​protrusion 17. The distributor 14 is snapped onto the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 17. When air enters the distributor 14, it first flows in the air storage cavity. The air is temporarily stored in the air storage cavity, and then the stored air is dispersed through the distributor 14.

[0043] The diverter 14 can rotate 360° relative to the snap-fit ​​protrusion 17 on the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 17. A rubber ring 16 for forming a sealing structure is provided at the connection between the diverter 14 and the air supply pipe 13. The diverter 14 and the air supply pipe 13 are set in an adjustable manner, which can facilitate personnel operation and avoid pipe tangling, effectively improving safety and stability.

[0044] The distribution assembly includes four sets of flexible hoses 15 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distributor 14 and communicating with the distributor 14. One end of each flexible hose 15 is connected to a breathing mask 18. A flexible silicone strip is glued to the edge of the breathing mask 18. The flexible silicone strip can conform to the user's face. At the same time, the silicone strip has high toughness, which can improve the wearing comfort. Two restraint straps are also fixedly connected to the back of each breathing mask 18. The two restraint straps can improve the wearing stability. The flexible hoses 15 have high elasticity. In the normal contracted state, the flexible hoses 15 hang freely at a height of 1.5m above the ground, ensuring that construction is not affected in non-drag situations.

[0045] The oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor includes a housing 1. From left to right, an air filter 2, a hydrogen inhaler 3, an oxygen generator 4, and a battery 5 are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the housing 1. A display screen 6 is arranged on the front of the housing 1. The battery 5 is used to provide power to the display screen 6, the air filter 2, the hydrogen inhaler 3, and the oxygen generator 4.

[0046] An air inlet 19 is provided on one side of the housing 1, and air outlets 7 are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the housing 1. The two air outlets 7 are connected to each other through pipes. A maintenance door 20 is slidably connected to the middle of the back of the housing 1. The maintenance door 20 facilitates personnel to inspect and maintain the electrical components inside the housing 1. A coarse screen filter plate and a fine screen filter plate are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the air inlet. The coarse screen filter plate is located on the outside of the air inlet. The coarse screen filter plate can directly filter large particulate impurities, and the fine screen filter plate can further filter the filtered air.

[0047] Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides a method for pollution isolation in high-altitude tunnel construction, including an oxygen-enriched pollution isolation device for high-altitude tunnel construction, and further including the following operating steps:

[0048] S1, Air compression filtration: Air passes through the primary filter and the secondary filter before entering the air compressor, and is then delivered to the air filter by the air compressor;

[0049] S2, Air adsorption and impurity removal: After passing through an air filter, the air is delivered to an air storage tank, and then dried before entering the activated carbon adsorbent;

[0050] S3, Air Mixing: The adsorbed air is divided into two streams. One stream passes through the PSA adsorption tower to produce air with an oxygen concentration greater than 35%, while the other stream is not treated in any way. The two streams of gas are then mixed in proportion according to the oxygen concentration measured by the programmable controller.

[0051] S4, Hydrogen content control: The hydrogen flow rate is controlled by a hydrogen absorption machine to ensure that the hydrogen concentration after mixing is less than 2%;

[0052] S5, Air Sterilization: The sterilizer filters and sterilizes the mixed air;

[0053] S6, Air Supply: Filtered hydrogen is delivered to the end hose distribution system for use.

[0054] Specifically, the present invention employs the following process for air treatment: air is compressed by an air compressor → air filter → air storage tank → air adsorption → programmable controller pipeline → alternately enters two adsorption towers → mixes with clean air → hydrogen is added by a hydrogen absorber → sterilization filter → delivery terminal hose.

[0055] The programmable logic controller (PLC) controls the mixing ratio of the oxygen generator's supplied air and clean air based on oxygen concentration signals fed back from an oxygen concentration sensor. This ensures the mixed oxygen concentration remains within a set range. Airflow and hydrogen flow sensors obtain flow information for both, and calculations are used to determine the mixing ratio, thereby controlling the hydrogen flow rate to ensure the hydrogen concentration in the supplied air remains below 2%. This 2% hydrogen concentration is a safety threshold calculated under the worst-case scenario, taking into account factors such as the lower explosive limit of hydrogen, the size of the tunnel space, and the number of ventilation cycles. This concentration is considered safe for human health without posing an explosion risk.

[0056] Specifically, in the use of the oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device and method for high-altitude tunnel construction of the present invention, the workers first fix the suspension rail 8 on the tunnel trolley. During use, the workers simply put on the breathing mask 18. Air enters the air filter 2 through the air inlet 19, is purified, and then enters the retractable hose 12 through the air outlet 7. The retractable hose 12 then delivers the air to the air supply pipe 13, which in turn delivers it to the distributor 14. The distributor 14 then delivers the air to four elastic hoses 15, which in turn deliver it to the breathing mask. The diffuser 14 is for user use. When in use, the operator can push the diffuser 14 through the top platform 9 to drive the pulley 10 to slide in the suspension rail 8 to move its position. When the diffuser 14 moves away from the corresponding air outlet 7, the retractable hose 12 extends to provide the required length. When the diffuser 14 moves closer to the air outlet 7, the retractable hose 12 retracts to prevent it from being too long and affecting the use. At the same time, when the operator moves, the position can be changed by rotating the diffuser 14 at the end of the air supply pipe 13, which effectively prevents the elastic hose 15 from getting tangled and blocked.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0058] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope of this disclosure is indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. An oxygen-enriched pollution-prevention device for high-altitude tunnel construction, characterized in that: This includes an oxygen-enriched dirt separator, a terminal hose distribution system, and a top-mounted free-sliding system; The top free sliding system includes a suspension rail (8) installed on the upper part of the tunnel trolley that moves with the tunnel face by means of a fixing member, a pulley (10) slidably connected to the inner wall of the suspension rail (8), and a barrier (11) fixedly connected to both ends of the suspension rail (8) to limit the pulley (10) from disengaging from the suspension rail (8). The terminal hose distribution system includes a platform (9) fixedly connected to the top of the pulley (10). An air supply pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform (9). One end of the air supply pipe (13) is snapped with a hemispherical diverter (14) for air diversion. The diverter (14) is hemispherical and forms an internal air storage cavity for dispersing air. A snap-fit ​​protrusion (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air supply pipe (13). The diverter (14) snaps onto the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​protrusion (17). Air enters the diverter (14), first flowing within the air storage cavity, where it is temporarily stored. The stored air is then dispersed through the diverter (14). The diverter (14) can... The outer wall of the snap-fit ​​protrusion (17) can rotate 360° relative to the snap-fit ​​protrusion (17). A rubber ring (16) for forming a sealing structure is provided at the connection between the diverter (14) and the air supply pipe (13). The diverter (14) and the air supply pipe (13) are configured to be adjustable. A retractable hose (12) is connected to one side of the air supply pipe (13). The diverter (14) cooperates with the oxygen-enriched pollution-proof processor through the retractable hose (12). Four sets of distribution components are connected to the outer wall of the diverter (14). Each set of distribution components includes an elastic hose (15) connected to the diverter (14) and a breathing mask (18) connected to the elastic hose (15). The oxygen-enriched air purification processor uses polluted air from inside the tunnel as raw material. It includes a housing (1) and an air filter (2), a hydrogen absorber (3), an oxygen generator (4), and a programmable logic controller (PLC) integrated within the housing (1). The oxygen-enriched air purification processor divides the air filtered and adsorbed by the air filter (2) into two paths. One path passes through the PSA adsorption tower of the oxygen generator (4) to produce oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen concentration greater than 35%. The other path is not treated in any way. Subsequently, the PLC controls the mixing ratio of the two paths of gas according to the signal fed back by the oxygen concentration sensor to ensure that the oxygen concentration after mixing is maintained within the set range. In addition, the PLC also controls the hydrogen flow rate through the hydrogen absorber (3) based on the flow information obtained by the air flow sensor and the hydrogen flow sensor to ensure that the hydrogen concentration in the final mixed air is less than 2%.

2. The oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The delivery assembly includes four sets of elastic hoses (15) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distributor (14) and communicating with the distributor (14). One end of the elastic hose (15) is connected to a breathing mask (18), and a flexible silicone strip is glued to the edge of the breathing mask (18).

3. The oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front of the housing (1) is provided with a display screen (6), and the battery (5) is used to provide power to the display screen (6), air filter (2), hydrogen inhalation machine (3) and oxygen generator (4).

4. The oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, An air inlet (19) is provided on one side of the housing (1), and air outlets (7) are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the housing (1). The two air outlets (7) are connected to each other through pipes.

5. The oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing (1) has a slidable access door (20) on the middle of its back side.

6. The oxygen-enriched pollution-proof device for high-altitude tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the air inlet (19) is fixedly connected with a coarse screen filter plate and a fine screen filter plate, respectively. The coarse screen filter plate is located on the outside of the air inlet (19).

7. A method for pollution isolation in high-altitude tunnel construction, comprising the oxygen-enriched pollution isolation device for high-altitude tunnel construction as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S1, Air compression filtration: The polluted air in the tunnel passes through the primary filter and the medium filter before entering the air compressor, and is then delivered by the air compressor to the air filter (2) of the oxygen-enriched pollution isolation processor. S2, Air adsorption and impurity removal: After passing through the air filter (2), the air is delivered to the air storage tank, dried, and then enters the activated carbon adsorbent for adsorption and impurity removal. S3, Air Mixing and Oxygen Concentration Control: The adsorbed air is divided into two paths. One path passes through the PSA adsorption tower to produce oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen concentration greater than 35%, while the other path is not treated in any way. Subsequently, the programmable logic controller controls the mixing ratio of the two gases based on the signal fed back by the oxygen concentration sensor, so that the oxygen concentration after mixing is maintained within the set range. S4, Hydrogen content control: The programmable logic controller controls the hydrogen flow rate through the hydrogen absorption machine (3) based on the flow information obtained by the air flow sensor and the hydrogen flow sensor, so that the concentration of hydrogen after mixing is less than 2%; S5, Air Sterilization: The sterilizer filters and sterilizes the mixed air; S6, Air supply: Filtered oxygen-rich micro-hydrogen air is delivered to the end hose distribution system and supplied to construction workers wearing breathing masks (18) through a distributor (14) that can move along the suspension rail (8) and rotate 360°.

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