A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna

Abstract

This application relates to the field of communication technology and provides a low-profile, broadband, high-isolation base station antenna, comprising: a radiating sheet; the radiating sheet is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms, which are arranged at ±45 degrees. Each pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiating arms. One pair of adjacent radiating arms in each pair of dipole antenna arms has opposing protrusions, and the width of the narrow gap formed between the two protrusions is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms. In practical applications, by setting opposing protrusions at the ends of adjacent radiating arms on one side, a narrower gap is formed, allowing the surface currents of the two polarized radiating arms to flow better and concentrate on both sides of the narrower gap, with the current directions being opposite. This improves the isolation of the antenna itself, avoids the intermodulation risk introduced by introducing metal isolation strips, and ensures the consistency of antenna performance during assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of 5G communication technology and the increasing number of terminal devices integrated into 5G wireless communication networks, there is a demand for 5G wireless communication networks to have higher communication quality in order to ensure users' real-time communication needs.

[0003] In 5G wireless communication networks, base station antennas act as electrical bridges connecting user terminal equipment and base stations, and their electrical performance directly affects the communication quality of the 5G wireless communication network. To adapt to the rapid development of current wireless communication technologies, higher requirements have been placed on the electrical performance of base station antennas. For example, base station antennas need to have characteristics such as high gain, ultra-wideband, high isolation, high front-to-back ratio, and high cross-polarization ratio.

[0004] Traditional micro base station antennas typically employ a single-row or multi-row antenna design. However, this design is susceptible to environmental factors, necessitating the introduction of metal isolation strips between antenna elements to improve isolation. In mass production, these metal isolation strips inevitably increase costs, and the contact between the strips and the base plate may pose a risk of intermodulation (PIM). Furthermore, ensuring consistent antenna performance during assembly is challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve antenna isolation, avoid the intermodulation risks introduced by the metal isolation strip, and ensure consistent antenna performance during assembly, this application provides a low-profile, wideband, high-isolation base station antenna.

[0006] A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna includes: a radiating plate;

[0007] The radiating plate is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms, which are arranged at positive and negative 45 degrees. Each pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiating arms. Among them, one pair of adjacent radiating arms is provided with protrusions in opposite positions. The width of the slit formed between the two protrusions is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms.

[0008] Optionally, the protrusions on the two radial arms are of the same length and width.

[0009] Optionally, one edge of the protrusion is flush with the edge of the radial arm.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a support plate and a base plate; one side of the support plate is provided with a feeding balun, and the base plate is provided with a feeding network, the feeding balun being connected to the feeding network and coupled to the radiating sheet.

[0011] Optionally, a metal strip is provided on the other side of the support plate, and a metal through hole is also provided on the radiating arm, through which the metal strip is connected to the radiating arm.

[0012] Optionally, the support plate includes a first support plate and a second support plate, wherein the first support plate and the second support plate are provided with interlocking slots.

[0013] Optionally, the radiating arm is provided with intermediate slots, and all intermediate slots are symmetrical about the center point of the antenna.

[0014] Optionally, the radiating arm is provided with a chamfer; the chamfer is located at the adjacent bend of the two radiating arms, and the chamfer is not provided at the bend where the protrusion is located.

[0015] Optionally, the antenna height of the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is 1 / 8 of the radiated wave wavelength.

[0016] Optionally, the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is a micro base station antenna.

[0017] This application provides a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna, comprising: a radiating sheet; the radiating sheet is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms, the two pairs of dipole antenna arms are arranged at positive and negative 45 degrees, each pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiating arms, wherein one pair of adjacent radiating arms in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms is provided with protrusions in opposite positions, and the width of the slit formed between the two protrusions is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms.

[0018] In practical applications, by setting relatively opposite protrusions at the ends of adjacent radiating arms on one side, a narrower gap is formed, allowing the surface currents of the two polarized radiating arms to flow better and concentrate on both sides of the narrower gap, with the currents in opposite directions. This improves the isolation of the antenna itself, avoids the intermodulation risk caused by introducing metal isolation strips, and ensures the consistency of antenna performance during assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1This application provides an overall structural schematic diagram of a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation sheet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate in the first state provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the second state of the support plate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of one side structure of the first support plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the first support plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of one side structure of the second support plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the structure of the second support plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution on the dipole antenna arm provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the VSWR of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Among them, 1-radiating plate, 11-dipole antenna arm, 111-radiating arm, 112-protrusion, 113-intermediate slot, 114-metal via, 115-chamfer, 2-support plate, 21-feed balun, 22-metal strip, 23-first support plate, 24-second support plate, 25-slot, 3-base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To improve antenna isolation and avoid the intermodulation risks introduced by the metal isolation strip, while ensuring antenna performance consistency during assembly, this application provides a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna.

[0032] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating sheet provided in the embodiment of this application. The low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna includes a radiating sheet 1. The radiating sheet 1 is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11. The two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are arranged at positive and negative 45 degrees. Each pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiating arms 111. Among the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11, a pair of adjacent radiating arms 111 are provided with protrusions 112 in opposite positions. The width of the slit formed between the two protrusions 112 is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms 111.

[0033] It should be noted that in practical applications, the protrusion 112 and the radiating arm 111 are integrally formed, such as... Figure 2 The dashed lines at the protrusions 112 shown are merely illustrative of the location of the protrusions 112; in the actual structure, there is no physical structure corresponding to these dashed lines. This application does not impose any special limitations on the shape of the radiating arms 111; the shape can be set according to actual design requirements. Nor is there any special limitation on the width of the gap formed between the two protrusions 112. In practical applications, the gap width is ensured to be less than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms 111, thereby ensuring that the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are asymmetrically distributed about the orthogonal center.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, the end of the radiating arm 111 that is close to the relative orthogonal center of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 is called the starting end, and the end that is far from the orthogonal center of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 is called the ending end. The protrusion 112 is provided close to the ending end of the radiating arm 111, and the length of the side of the radiating arm 111 where the protrusion 112 is provided is greater than the length of the protrusion 112.

[0035] By setting up relatively opposite protrusions 112, and creating narrow slits at the ends of one side of a pair of adjacent radiating arms 111, the two pairs of dipoles orthogonally arranged at ±45 degrees each exhibit asymmetrical structures, such as... Figure 9 As shown, due to the presence of the narrow gap at the end, the current coupled to the dipole antenna arm 11 flows more concentrated towards the end of the radiating arm 111. At the same time, the asymmetrical structure causes different current distributions on each pair of dipole antenna arms 11, forming two relatively independent resonant modes. The current flows in opposite directions in the two resonant modes, which improves the isolation.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the protrusions 112 on the two radial arms 111 have the same length and the same width.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown in some embodiments of this application, one edge of the protrusion 112 is flush with the edge of the radiating arm 111. It should be noted that the edge flushing means that the plane on the narrow side of the protrusion 112 and the plane on the other side of the radiating arm 111 are the same plane, thereby ensuring that the current on the surface of the radiating arm 111 flows better and is concentrated on both sides of the narrower gap. In actual application, the position of the protrusion 112 can also be moved adaptively according to requirements, but the positions of the two protrusions 112 must be ensured to correspond.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the support plate in the first state according to an embodiment of this application; as shown Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the second state of the support plate provided in the embodiments of this application, and as shown below... Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna further includes a support plate 2 and a base plate 3; one side of the support plate 2 is provided with a feed balun 21, and the base plate 3 is provided with a feed network, the feed balun 21 being connected to the feed network and coupled to the radiating plate 1. The other side of the support plate 2 is provided with a metal strip 22, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the radiating arm 111 is also provided with a metal through hole 114, through which the metal strip 22 is connected to the radiating arm 111. The metal through hole 114 is located on one side near the starting end of the radiating arm 111.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of one side of the structure of the first support plate provided in an embodiment of this application; as shown... Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the other side of the first support plate provided in an embodiment of this application; as shown... Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of one side of the structure of the second support plate provided in an embodiment of this application; as shown... Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the other side of the structure of the second support plate provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments of this application, the support plate 2 includes a first support plate 23 and a second support plate 24, with interlocking slots 25 on the first support plate 23 and the second support plate 24. The interlocking slots 25 connect the first support plate 23 and the second support plate 24 together to form the support plate 2, avoiding the use of other connecting devices such as bolts or clips, thus ensuring the flatness of the support plate 2 surface and preventing the introduction of connecting devices from affecting the antenna's radiation performance.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the radiating arm 111 is provided with a central slot 113, and all the central slots 113 are symmetrical about the antenna center point. It should be noted that the antenna center point refers to the orthogonal center of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11. In antenna theory, antennas with a ring structure exhibit inductive characteristics, which can cancel the strong coupling capacitance generated by the radiating plate 1 (dipole antenna arm 11) being close to the feed network in a low-profile antenna, thus achieving the effect of a low-profile antenna.

[0041] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the size of the intermediate slot 113 is not specifically limited. It needs to be adaptively designed according to the size of the support plate 2. While ensuring structural stability, the design can be tailored to design requirements or the complexity of the manufacturing process. Correspondingly, the shapes of the feed balun 21 and the metal strip 22 mounted on the support plate 2 are also not specifically limited and need to be adjusted according to the actual antenna design requirements. For example, in... Figure 3 and Figure 5 In this context, different wiring methods can be used to accommodate support plates 2 of different sizes, depending on the shape of the power supply balun 21.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the radiating arm 111 is provided with a chamfer 115; the chamfer 115 is located at the adjacent bends of two radiating arms 111, and the chamfer 115 is not provided at the bend where the protrusion 112 is located. That is, the protrusion 112 is provided at the near end position on one pair of adjacent radiating arms 111, and the chamfer 115 is provided at the end bends of other adjacent radiating arms 111 without protrusions 112. In practical applications, the normal bend at the end is cut off to form the chamfer 115.

[0043] In this embodiment, chamfers 115 are introduced at the three side ends of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11. These chamfers 115 not only affect the coupling length and spacing between each pair of dipole antenna arms 11, but also alter the current path distributed along the dipole antenna arms 11. Since the antenna resonant mode is primarily determined by the size of the radiating arms 111, the non-uniform coupling characteristic introduced by the chamfers 115 simultaneously affects both resonant modes. When one pair of dipole antenna arms 11 is excited, the other pair exhibits the characteristics of a ring resonator. By controlling the coupling between the dipole antenna arms 11 and the resonator, the movement of the second resonant mode can be controlled. Therefore, the introduced chamfers 115 not only introduce a non-uniform coupling between the dipole antenna arms 11 and the resonator, but also change the current distribution along the dipole antenna arms 11, thereby controlling the movement of the resonant mode. By controlling the dimensions of the chamfer 115 and the protrusion 112, the first resonant mode can be shifted to a lower frequency and the second resonant mode can be shifted to a higher frequency, thereby pulling the two resonant modes apart and generating a higher bandwidth for the antenna.

[0044] It should be noted that the ability of a typical micro base station antenna to radiate energy is due to the reasonable design of the antenna size and shape, which causes the antenna to resonate at a designed frequency point, called the resonant point. The first resonant mode mentioned in the text refers to a resonant point generated by the size of the antenna radiating arm itself. The second resonant mode refers to the second resonant point generated by the reasonable design of the protrusion 112, which causes coupling between the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11. At the same time, the two resonant points can be changed by adjusting the position, length, width of the protrusion 112, and the length of the radiating arm 111. In the embodiment of this application, by adjusting the above parameters, the first resonant point is moved to a lower frequency and the second resonant point is moved to a higher frequency, thus increasing the distance between the two resonant points and expanding the radiation bandwidth.

[0045] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the antenna height of the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is 1 / 8 of the radiated wave wavelength.

[0046] The dipole antenna arm 11 is connected to the feeding network on the base plate 3 via a feeding balun 21. Since the antenna height is only one-eighth of the wavelength, energy is coupled to the dipole antenna arm 11 using a coupled balun feeding method, thus realizing antenna radiation. This ensures that the base station antenna provided in this embodiment has characteristics such as low profile, high isolation, ultra-wideband, and high gain.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is a micro base station antenna, but it is not limited to micro base station antennas. The technical solution of this application can also be adapted to other types of antennas.

[0048] To verify the performance of a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna was simulated in this application. VSWR(1) and VSWR(2) are the voltage standing wave ratios of the two output ports corresponding to the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 provided in the embodiment of this application, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, when the antenna provided in the embodiment of this application operates in the frequency band of 3.3GHz to 4.1GHz, its voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.45, which better meets the performance requirements of the base station antenna.

[0049] This application provides a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna, comprising: a radiating sheet 1; the radiating sheet 1 is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11, the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are arranged at positive and negative 45 degrees, each pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiating arms 111, wherein a pair of adjacent radiating arms 111 in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are provided with oppositely positioned protrusions 112, and the width of the slit formed between the two protrusions 112 is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms 111.

[0050] In practical applications, by setting relatively opposite protrusions 112 at the ends of adjacent radiating arms 111 on one side, a narrower gap is formed, which allows the surface currents of the two polarized radiating arms 111 to flow better and concentrate on both sides of the narrower gap, and the current directions are opposite. This improves the isolation of the antenna itself, avoids the intermodulation risk caused by introducing metal isolation strips, and ensures the consistency of antenna performance during assembly.

[0051] The present application has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and implementation methods of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a low-profile wideband high-isolation base station antenna. The antenna comprises a radiation sheet (1), a support plate (2) and a bottom plate (3). The radiation sheet (1) is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms (11) which are arranged in a positive-negative 45-degree cross mode, one pair of the dipole antenna arms comprises two radiation arms (111), wherein a pair of adjacent radiation arms (111) in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms (11) are provided with position-opposed protrusions (112), and the width of a narrow gap formed between the two protrusions (112) is smaller than the width of the interval between the adjacent radiation arms (111). One side of the support plate (2) is provided with a feed balun (21), the bottom plate (3) is provided with a feed network, the feed balun (21) is connected with the feed network and coupled with the radiation sheet (1), the other side of the support plate (2) is provided with a metal strip (22), the radiation arm (111) is further provided with a metal via (114), and the metal strip (22) is connected with the radiation arm (111) through the metal via (114). The radiation arm (111) is provided with a cut angle (115), the cut angle (115) is located at the adjacent bending angles of the two radiation arms (111), and the cut angle (115) is not arranged at the bending angle where the protrusion (112) is located.

2. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The lengths of the protrusions (112) on the two radiation arms (111) are the same, and the widths of the protrusions (112) are also the same.

3. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna according to Claim 1, wherein, One side edge of the protrusion (112) is flush with the edge of the radiation arm (111).

4. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna according to Claim 1, wherein, The support plate (2) comprises a first support plate (23) and a second support plate (24). The first support plate (23) and the second support plate (24) are provided with clamping grooves (25) which are clamped with each other.

5. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna according to Claim 1, wherein, The radiation arm (111) is provided with an intermediate groove (113), and all the intermediate grooves (113) are annularly symmetrical about a center point of the antenna.

6. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna according to Claim 1, wherein, The antenna height of the low-profile wideband high-isolation base station antenna is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of a radiation wave.

7. A low profile wideband high isolation base station antenna according to Claim 1, wherein, The low-profile wideband high-isolation base station antenna is a micro base station antenna.

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