Application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed farming

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of fish farming technology, and specifically relates to the application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed farming. The present invention utilizes LED lighting to provide supplemental lighting during the sun shed farming process, thereby increasing the duration of light exposure to the turtles, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the farming water, improving water quality, and enhancing farming results. This, in turn, increases the turtles' weight gain rate and reduces their mortality rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fishery breeding, and particularly relates to the application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed breeding. Background Art

[0002] Sun shed farming is a commonly used farming model in fishery farming. It not only has supporting insulation and ventilation pipe equipment to ensure a certain temperature and dissolved oxygen, but also can make full use of the sunlight that penetrates the top plastic film. In the process of turtle farming, sun sheds are mostly used for transitional adaptation farming when transferring greenhouse turtle fry to outdoor ponds, or for the farming of commercial turtles in winter. In the sun shed farming environment, although a certain light source and temperature can be guaranteed, the lighting time and efficiency are limited. In addition, when encountering continuous rainy weather and less sunshine, the growth of turtles and the water environment will be significantly affected due to insufficient light. Therefore, in the sun shed farming model, in order to improve the growth of turtles and improve the aquatic environment, artificial lighting is needed in the sun shed environment.

[0003] Because LED light sources are safe, healthy, pollution-free, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient after disposal, they play an important role in modern agriculture's intensive planting, breeding, and algae reproduction, significantly improving the yield and quality of agricultural products. Currently, LEDs are being used in the breeding of grouper, sea bass, zebrafish, and rainbow trout, with promising results. However, different LED light sources have varying effects on aquatic animals. For example, red light is more beneficial to the growth and development of rainbow trout; angelfish and golden ingot fish are more suited to red and green light, while blue and yellow light have adverse effects. Red LEDs have a better effect on the feeding and growth of young European sea bass, while feeding and growth performance is poorer under the blue spectrum. Existing technologies primarily utilize LED light sources for deep-sea turtle fishing, but research on their use in aquaculture is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide the application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed farming. By using LED lighting to supplement light in sun shed farming, the weight gain rate of turtles can be increased and the mortality rate of turtles can be reduced; at the same time, the farming water environment can be improved.

[0005] The present invention provides application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed culture.

[0006] Preferably, the light source of the LED lighting includes warm yellow light or cool white light.

[0007] Preferably, the warm yellow light comprises: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light;

[0008] The cold white light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light.

[0009] Preferably, the optical disc used for the LED lighting is located directly above the symmetry axis or diagonal line of the horizontal cross section of each aquaculture pond.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of the area of the breeding pond to the total power of the LED disk directly above the breeding pond is 100-150m 2 : 90~180W.

[0011] Preferably, the irradiation distance of the LED lighting is 1.8 to 2.3 m; and the irradiation time of the LED lighting is 4 to 10 h / day.

[0012] Preferably, the irradiation time of the LED lighting is 3:00-6:00 and 18:00-21:00 every day.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for raising soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed based on LED lighting, comprising the following steps:

[0014] In the sun shed, an LED disc is set at a height of 1.8 to 2.3 meters above the water surface of the breeding pond. The light is turned on from 3:00 to 6:00 and 18:00 to 21:00 every day for breeding;

[0015] The optical disk for the LED lighting is located directly above the symmetry axis or diagonal of the horizontal cross section of each aquaculture pond;

[0016] Based on the bottom area of the breeding pond, the ratio of the area of the breeding pond to the total power of the LED disk directly above the breeding pond is 100-150m 2 : 90~180W;

[0017] The light source of the LED lighting includes warm yellow light or cool white light;

[0018] The warm yellow light includes: 5% 385nm purple light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light;

[0019] The cold white light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature of the turtles cultured in the sun shed is 28-32°C.

[0021] Preferably, the turtles are cultured in the sun shed for 82 days.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention provides the application of LED lighting in turtle sun-shed aquaculture. This method utilizes LED lighting to provide supplemental lighting during the sun-shed aquaculture process, increasing the exposure time to the turtles at night, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the aquaculture water, improving water quality, and enhancing aquaculture results. This, in turn, increases the turtle weight gain rate and reduces turtle mortality. Experimental results show that, compared with a sun-shed aquaculture model without LED lighting, using warm yellow LED lighting reduced total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the aquaculture water by 53.36% and 73.58%, respectively, increased dissolved oxygen by 82.61%, increased weight gain by 20.65%, and decreased mortality by 27.1%. Using cool white LED lighting, using warm yellow LED lighting reduced total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the aquaculture water by 67.94% and 16.96%, respectively, increased dissolved oxygen by 143.48%, and increased weight gain by 15.19%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a top view of the arrangement of the breeding pond and LED light disk in the sun shed, where 1 is the LED light disk, 2 is the entrance and exit door of the sun shed, and 3 is the sidewalk;

[0026] Figure 2 The statistics of the number of deaths per day during the turtle farming period;

[0027] Figure 3 is the changing trend of total nitrogen in aquaculture water with aquaculture time;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the changing trend of total phosphorus in aquaculture water with aquaculture time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides the application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed farming. The present invention utilizes LED lighting to provide supplemental lighting during the sun shed farming process, increasing the exposure time to the turtles, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the farming water, improving water quality, and enhancing farming results. This, in turn, increases the turtles' weight gain rate and reduces their mortality rate.

[0030] The present invention has no particular limitation on the type of the sun shed, and conventional sun sheds in the art can be used. The light source of the LED lighting of the present invention preferably includes warm yellow light or cool white light, and more preferably warm yellow light. The spectrum of the warm yellow light of the present invention preferably includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light, more preferably consists of 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light; the spectrum of the cold white light preferably includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light, more preferably consists of 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light.

[0031] The present invention has no special limitation on the number and area of the culture ponds in the sun shed. It is preferably set according to the number and area of the sun shed and the culture ponds. For example, in the specific implementation of the present invention, 300m 2 The sun shed includes three 100m 2 breeding ponds. The LED optical disc of the LED lighting of the present invention is preferably located directly above the axis of symmetry or diagonal of the horizontal cross-section of each breeding pond, and more preferably located directly above the axis of symmetry of the horizontal cross-section of each breeding pond, and the axis of symmetry preferably includes a transverse axis of symmetry or a longitudinal axis of symmetry. Each breeding pond of the present invention is preferably also provided with a sidewalk, and the sidewalk is located directly below the LED optical disc. The present invention has no special restrictions on the setting method and width of the sidewalk, and the conventional setting method and width in this field can be adopted. When the sun shed of the present invention includes multiple breeding ponds, the LED optical disc of the present invention is more preferably located directly above the axis of symmetry of the same horizontal line after the multiple breeding ponds are arranged side by side, such as Figure 1 As shown; the setting method is the most preferred CD setting method in the present invention, which saves the number of sidewalks directly under the LED CD and is easier to use in practice.

[0032] In the present invention, each breeding pond is preferably provided with LED optical disks arranged in a line with equal spacing. The present invention is based on the area of the bottom surface of the breeding pond. The ratio of the area of the breeding pond to the total power of the LED optical disks directly above the breeding pond is 100-150m 2 : 90~180W, more preferably 100m 2: 90W. The present invention does not specifically limit the number of LED disks provided for each aquaculture pool; it is preferably set based on the power of each LED disk and the total power required by each aquaculture pool. For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, each aquaculture pool is provided with three 30W LED disks arranged in a line at equal intervals, providing a total power of 90W within the pool. The present invention does not specifically limit the design of the LED disks; any design known in the art can be used as long as the corresponding power is achieved. For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the LED disks are arranged in concentric circles.

[0033] The irradiation distance of the LED lighting of the present invention is preferably 1.8 to 2.3 meters, more preferably 2.0 meters; the irradiation distance is preferably the vertical distance between the LED lighting source and the water surface. The water depth of the breeding pond of the present invention is preferably 0.6 to 1.2 meters, more preferably 1.0 meters. The irradiation time of the LED lighting of the present invention is preferably 4 to 10 hours per day, more preferably 6 hours per day. The irradiation time of the LED lighting of the present invention is preferably 3:00 to 6:00 and 18:00 to 21:00 every day. Applying LED lighting at the time points of the present invention can increase the lighting time of the soft-shelled turtle at night, increase dissolved oxygen, and improve the breeding effect.

[0034] The present invention also provides a method for cultivating soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed based on LED lighting, comprising the following steps: in the sun shed, an LED optical disc is set at a height of 2.0 m above the water surface of the cultivation pond, and the light is turned on from 3:00 to 6:00 and 18:00 to 21:00 every day for cultivation; the power of the LED optical disc is 540 W / 300 m 2 ; The light source of the LED lighting includes warm yellow light or cold white light; the warm yellow light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light; the cold white light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light.

[0035] The light source of the LED lighting of the present invention is preferably warm yellow light. The breeding temperature during the breeding of the present invention is preferably 28-32°C, more preferably 30°C. The size of the turtles during the breeding of the present invention is preferably 260±30g; the stocking density is preferably 10-30 / m 3 , more preferably 20 / m 3. The duration of the breeding described in the present invention is preferably 60 to 100 days, more preferably 82 days. The present invention does not specifically limit the feed used in the breeding process, and conventional feed in the field can be used. For example, in the specific implementation process of the present invention, the turtle feed of Zhejiang Zhongda Feed Group Co., Ltd. is used, and the content of nutrients in the feed includes crude protein 47.0%, crude fat 4.0%, lysine 2.3%, sulfur-containing amino acids 1.1%, crude fiber 2.0%, crude ash 17.0%, calcium 0.2-4.5%, phosphorus 1.0%, moisture 10%, and salt 0.1-2.0%. The number of times the feed is fed during the breeding of the present invention is preferably 2 times / day, and more preferably, it is fed once at 7:00 and 16:00 each day; the total feeding amount is preferably 2% of the total weight of the turtle, and the feeding dosage each time is preferably the same. The present invention preferably also includes timely micro-adjustments in accordance with the feeding situation of the turtle in the field.

[0036] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for raising soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed based on LED lighting, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Each sun shed is 30m long and 10m wide. There are three breeding ponds in each sun shed, and the area of each breeding pond is 100m. 2 , a 0.4m wide sidewalk is set in the middle of each breeding pond, and 9 30W warm yellow light (the spectrum composition of warm yellow light is shown in Table 1) LED disks are installed at equal distances above the sidewalk, 2.0m away from the water surface (such as Figure 1 As shown). That is, based on the bottom area of the breeding pond, the ratio of the area of the breeding pond to the total power of the LED disk directly above the breeding pond is 100m 2 : 90W. The water pool in the sun shed is 1m deep, and the LED light is on from 18:00-21:00 and 3:00-6:00 (6 hours) daily. The breeding period is 82 days. The water temperature in the sun shed is kept stable at 30±2℃ during the breeding period. The initial size of the turtle fry in the sun shed is 260±30g, and the stocking density is uniformly 20 / m 3 Delivery.

[0040] Feed was powdered soft-shelled turtle feed from Zhejiang Zhongda Feed Group Co., Ltd., with the following basic properties: crude protein 47.0%, crude fat 4.0%, lysine 2.3%, sulfur-containing amino acids 1.1%, crude fiber 2.0%, crude ash 17.0%, calcium 0.2-4.5%, phosphorus 1.0%, moisture 10%, and salt 0.1-2.0%. Feeding was done twice daily at 7:00 AM and 4:00 PM. The powdered feed was mixed with a suitable amount of water and pelleted using a pellet machine. The resulting soft pellets were then fed to a feeding table in the sun shed. The feed amount was 2% of the turtle's body weight. During the feeding period, slight adjustments were made based on the remaining feed on the feeding table. Feed amounts were recorded daily. The growth habits and feeding habits of the soft-shelled turtles were observed, and the number of turtle deaths was recorded.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The method in Example 1 was used to culture soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed, except that a cold white light (the spectral composition of cold white light is shown in Table 1) LED optical disc was used.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] The method in Example 1 was used to culture soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed, except that a purple-pink light (spectral composition as shown in Table 1) LED optical disc was used.

[0045] Comparative Example 2

[0046] The method in Example 1 is used to culture soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed, except that LED optical discs are not used for irradiation.

[0047] Table 1 Spectral composition and spectral characteristics of different LED light sources

[0048] light source Spectral composition Purple pink light 450nm blue light 35% + 660nm red light 65% Warm yellow light 385nm violet light 5% + 450nm blue light 30% + (510-600nm) yellow-green light 30% + 660nm red light 35% Cool white light 385nm violet light 5% + 450nm blue light 30% + (510-600nm) yellow-green light 25% + 660nm red light 40%

[0049] The effects of different LED lighting on turtle farming in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were statistically analyzed, and the results are as follows:

[0050] 1) In the application of LED light source, purple-pink light (Comparative Example 1) has a more obvious stimulation on turtles, and the male turtles fight more obviously, resulting in the death of a large number of male turtles. After 3 days, the purple-pink LED is turned off. The warm yellow LED and cool white LED have less effect on the turtles. Comparing the effects of warm yellow light and cool white LED on the growth of turtles, the number of turtles killed in the warm yellow light environment is less, while the number of turtles killed in the cool white light environment is relatively higher than that in comparative example 2 after 14 days. Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis is the number of breeding days and the vertical axis is the number of turtle deaths per day.

[0051] During the 82-day culture period, the mortality rate in Comparative Example 2 was 6.49%, compared to 4.73% for warm yellow light (Example 1), and 10.29% for cool white light (Example 2). The mortality rate for warm yellow light decreased by 27.1% compared to the control, while the mortality rate for cool white light increased by 58%. During culture, it was found that when the LED light source was turned on, the turtles were more susceptible to stress from cool white light, running around randomly, while warm yellow light had relatively less of an effect.

[0052] 2) The concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the aquaculture water were determined according to the National Environmental Protection Standards of the People's Republic of China HJ636-2012 and the National Environmental Protection Standards of the People's Republic of China HJ 671-2013 respectively; the dissolved oxygen content was determined using a YSI water quality analyzer. The results are as follows: Figures 3-4 As shown in Table 2, Figure 3 It shows the changing trend of total nitrogen in aquaculture water with aquaculture time. The horizontal axis is different sampling times (sampling every 10 days), and the vertical axis is the concentration of total nitrogen. Figure 4 It shows the changing trend of total phosphorus in aquaculture water with aquaculture time. The horizontal axis is different sampling times (every 10 days), and the vertical axis is the concentration of total phosphorus.

[0053] Depend on Figures 3-4 From Table 2, it can be concluded that after 82 days, LED lighting significantly improved the aquaculture water environment, and the dissolved oxygen increased significantly. Both warm yellow LED and cold white LED reduced the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. Among them, the warm yellow light treatment reduced the total nitrogen and total phosphorus by 53.36% and 73.58% respectively compared with the control example 2, and the dissolved oxygen content increased by 82.61%, which was the best effect; the cold white light treatment reduced the total nitrogen and total phosphorus by 67.94% and 16.96% respectively compared with the control example 2, and the dissolved oxygen content increased by 143.48%, which was the second best effect.

[0054] Warm yellow light also significantly promoted turtle growth, with the weight gain rate increasing by 20.65% compared to the control group at the end of the experiment. Cool white light was second most effective, increasing weight gain by 15.19%. This may be due to the significant visual stimulation caused by turning the light on and off, which can lead to significant stress and thus affect growth. However, since turtles are sensitive to external changes, gradually increasing the brightness of the LED light source can reduce the stress and mortality caused by cool white light.

[0055] Table 2 Effects of LED light source on water in sun shed and turtle growth at the end of the experiment

[0056] project Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Dissolved oxygen (mg / L) 0.23 0.42 0.56 pH 7.27 7.36 7.21 Total nitrogen (mg / L) 25.45 11.87 8.16 Total phosphorus (mg / L) 24.00 6.34 19.93 Initial average body mass (g) 280.00 244.57 252.57 Final average body weight (g) 588.08 569.24 572.69 Weight gain rate (%) 110.03 132.75 126.74

[0057] It can be concluded from the above embodiments that when using a sun shed to breed soft-shelled turtles, LED lighting can improve the breeding efficiency of soft-shelled turtles, increase the weight gain rate, and reduce the mortality rate. At the same time, it can improve the water quality of the breeding water, increase dissolved oxygen, and reduce the amount of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.

[0058] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of LED lighting in turtle sun shed farming is characterized by: The light source of the LED lighting includes warm yellow light or cool white light; The warm yellow light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510~600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light; the cold white light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510~600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The LED optical disc used for the LED lighting is located directly above the symmetry axis or diagonal line of the horizontal cross section of each aquaculture pond.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that Based on the bottom area of the breeding pond, the ratio of the area of the breeding pond to the total power of the LED disk directly above the breeding pond is 100~150m 2 : 90~180W.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The irradiation distance of the LED lighting is 1.8-2.3 m; the irradiation time of the LED lighting is 4-10 h / day.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that The irradiation time of the LED lighting is 3:00-6:00 and 18:00-21:00 every day.

6. A method for raising soft-shelled turtles in a sun shed based on LED lighting, characterized in that: The steps include: In the sun shed, set up LED discs at a height of 1.8-2.3m above the water surface of the culture pond, and turn on the lights from 3:00-6:00 and 18:00-21:00 every day for culture; The LED optical disc used for the LED lighting is located directly above the symmetry axis or diagonal of the horizontal cross-section of each breeding pond; based on the bottom area of the breeding pond, the ratio of the area of the breeding pond to the total power of the LED optical disc directly above the breeding pond is 100-150m 2 : 90~180W; the LED lighting light source includes warm yellow light or cool white light; the warm yellow light includes: 5% 385nm purple light, 30% 450nm blue light, 30% 510~600nm yellow-green light and 35% 660nm red light; The cold white light includes: 5% 385nm violet light, 30% 450nm blue light, 25% 510-600nm yellow-green light and 40% 660nm red light.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The temperature for raising soft-shelled turtles in the sun shed is 28-32°C.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The duration of raising soft-shelled turtles in the sun shed is 82 days.

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