Disassembling equipment for sodium region of decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery

Abstract

The application discloses a disassembling equipment for sodium area of decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries, which comprises a sodium tank cutting unit and a ceramic tube crushing unit; the sodium tank cutting unit comprises a chuck, an adjustable cutter and an inert gas blowing pipeline, the chuck fixes the sodium-sulfur battery from which sulfur felt is removed, the adjustable cutter sequentially performs cutting operation on the opening of the sodium tank and the neck, and the inert gas blowing pipeline forms a protective atmosphere; the ceramic tube crushing unit comprises a movable clamp and an extrusion device, the movable clamp clamps the ceramic tube and moves it to the extrusion device, and the extrusion device extrudes and crushes the ceramic tube; the cut-off sodium tank, the extruded ceramic tube fragments and the core rod all enter an anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel through the flow guide groove and the discharge hopper below. The application can effectively realize automatic, efficient and safe disassembly of the sodium area of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries, a large amount of manual participation process is reduced in the whole equipment disassembly process, the automatic and efficient function is realized, and the wide application of new energy sodium-sulfur batteries is promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of processing of decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries, in particular to a disassembling device for the sodium-containing area of a decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of new energy, the power battery industry has also ushered in rapid development. In the past 5 years, the demand and market of China's power batteries have been the first in the world, and they are widely used in energy storage, new energy vehicles, industrial applications, and electronic products. Sodium-sulfur batteries are taking up an increasingly large share of the power battery market due to their large reserves and low prices. However, as the service life of the first batch of sodium-sulfur batteries ends, the number of decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries is increasing year by year. In the face of increasing decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries, how to quickly and effectively and safely dispose of these decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries is imminent.

[0003] Decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries contain a large amount of elemental sodium, which can easily cause chemical reactions such as combustion in a high-temperature (> 90℃), humid, and oxygen-rich environment, leading to accidents such as explosions, and posing a significant safety hazard.

[0004] To effectively prevent safety accidents from occurring in decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries, the sodium in the sodium-sulfur battery needs to be slowly reacted with anhydrous ethanol to form sodium ethoxide, which has stable chemical properties. The chemical reaction is shown below:

[0005] 2CH3CH2OH + 2Na = 2CH3CH2ONa + H2

[0006] Therefore, how to quickly and effectively disassemble the sodium-sulfur battery so that the elemental sodium in the sealed sodium tank and ceramic tube can effectively come into contact with anhydrous ethanol and undergo sufficient chemical reaction is the key to the disposal of decommissioned sodium-sulfur batteries. The elemental sodium in the sodium tank of the sodium-sulfur battery needs to be reacted with anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours, while the small amount of elemental sodium at the bottom of the ceramic tube only needs to be reacted with anhydrous ethanol for 2 hours.

[0007] In order to quickly, safely, and effectively disassemble the sodium-sulfur battery, the following requirements must be fully considered:

[0008] ① Since the sodium tank contains a large amount of elemental sodium (about 400g), the disassembly temperature must be strictly controlled < 90℃, the sodium tank must be separated in an inert gas atmosphere, and the sodium tank and elemental sodium must be immersed in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours of slow chemical reaction treatment;

[0009] ② There will be a small amount of elemental sodium remaining on the upper end cover after the sodium tank is separated, which needs to be soaked;

[0010] ③ The ceramic tube still has not more than 15g of elemental sodium remaining in it, and the ceramic tube needs to be disassembled and broken into pieces and then immersed in anhydrous ethanol for treatment. Here, the cutting does not need to be strictly controlled in terms of cutting temperature, but the sulfur felt and the ceramic tube need to be effectively separated.

[0011] However, the traditional disassembly and recycling of the retired sodium-sulfur battery is manually performed, and after waiting for the sodium tank to be partially soaked, the ceramic tube is soaked, which has low disassembly efficiency and high time cost. In the process of disassembling the sodium-sulfur battery, it needs to be disassembled step by step. For the retired sodium-sulfur battery that has been removed from the shell and the sulfur felt, the ceramic tube needs to be disassembled and broken into pieces and then immersed in anhydrous ethanol for treatment. However, there is currently no targeted disassembly equipment.

[0012] Therefore, in order to overcome the problem of low disassembly efficiency and high time cost in the prior art, the sodium area of the retired sodium-sulfur battery can be quickly and effectively disassembled, and a targeted local disassembly equipment needs to be designed. SUMMARY

[0013] The present application is directed to the above technical problems, and proposes a disassembly equipment for the sodium area of the retired sodium-sulfur battery. Through the equipment, the sodium area of the retired sodium-sulfur battery after disassembly of the sodium-free area can be disassembled, and the sodium tank is cut and the ceramic tube is broken, realizing fast, safe and effective automatic disassembly.

[0014] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0015] The disassembly system for the sodium area of the retired sodium-sulfur battery comprises a sodium tank cutting unit and a ceramic tube breaking unit, and the sodium tank cutting unit and the ceramic tube breaking unit are both fixed on a rack. The working area of the sodium tank cutting unit is a cutting zone, and the working area of the ceramic tube breaking unit is a breaking zone.

[0016] The sodium tank cutting unit comprises a chuck and an adjustable cutter. The chuck is used to fix the sodium tank of the retired sodium-sulfur battery, and the adjustable cutter is used to open the sodium tank and cut the neck of the retired sodium-sulfur battery. An inert gas blowing pipeline is arranged at the upper end of the chuck, and the inert gas blowing pipeline is used to introduce nitrogen during the cutting process to form a protective atmosphere.

[0017] The ceramic tube breaking unit comprises a movable clamp and a pressing device. The movable clamp is used to hold the retired sodium-sulfur battery and move it to the pressing device. The pressing device is used to crush the ceramic tube moved to the breaking zone.

[0018] A flow guide groove, a discharge hopper and an anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel are arranged below the sodium tank cutting unit and the ceramic tube breaking unit. The cut-off sodium tank, the crushed ceramic tube fragments and the core rod all fall into the discharge hopper through the flow guide groove, and then enter the anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel through the discharge hopper, realizing the treatment of the disassembled retired sodium-sulfur battery.

[0019] For the sodium tank cutting unit, the specific structure is as follows:

[0020] The retired sodium-sulfur battery with the removed sulfur felt is fixed on the chuck, and the whole retired sodium-sulfur battery is parallel to the ground; when the chuck rotates, the retired sodium-sulfur battery can be driven to rotate.

[0021] The adjustable cutter includes a Y-axis driving device, adjustable compression pins and a cutter row; the cutter row includes at least three cutters, wherein: one cutter is aligned with the neck of the retired sodium-sulfur battery for cutting the neck of the retired sodium-sulfur battery; the remaining cutters are located at the upper end of the sodium tank wall for opening cutting of the sodium tank wall; according to different models of the retired sodium-sulfur battery, corresponding cutters are switched and installed, the Y-axis driving device is installed at the upper end of the cutter row, the Y-axis driving device drives the cutters to feed radially along the retired sodium-sulfur battery and act on the sodium tank; the adjustable compression pins are installed on the side of the cutters, and the cutters to be used are compressed according to different models of the sodium-sulfur battery, so as to change the cutting position and the cutting number of the sodium tank.

[0022] Further, the Y-axis driving device includes a cylinder two and a stepping motor, the cylinder two is used for switching the cutters, and the stepping motor is used for driving the cutters to feed radially.

[0023] Further, the adjustable cutter is provided with corresponding proximity switches in the moving direction of the Y-axis, which are used for controlling the moving position of the cutter row.

[0024] Because the sodium tank contains a large amount of elemental sodium, inert gas must be introduced during cutting to play a protective role, so an inert gas purging pipeline needs to be configured. The inert gas purging pipeline includes a nitrogen cylinder, a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve switch and an air outlet, the electromagnetic valve switch is arranged on the pipeline, one end of the pipeline is connected with the nitrogen cylinder, and the other end serves as the air outlet; the air outlet is directed towards the cutting area.

[0025] For the ceramic tube breaking unit, the specific structure is as follows:

[0026] The movable clamp includes a clamping jaw, a support plate, a guide rail, a cylinder three and a cylinder four; the guide rail is arranged behind the cutter row along the X-axis direction, the clamping jaw is installed below the guide rail through the support plate, the support plate is driven by the cylinder four to move along the guide rail, the clamping jaw is driven to move by the support plate, and the cylinder three is used for controlling the clamping and loosening of the clamping jaw. In the clamping state, the clamping jaw and the ceramic tube form a coaxial state.

[0027] Further, the movable clamp is provided with corresponding proximity switches in the moving direction of the X-axis, which are used for controlling the moving position of the clamping jaw.

[0028] Further, the clamping jaw can be configured in multiple sets, and different sizes and different radii of the clamping jaw can be selected and installed on the support plate according to different models of the sodium-sulfur battery.

[0029] Further, the guide rail is formed by a pair of guide rails, and is configured with a stepping motor, and the guide rail is driven by the stepping motor.

[0030] The extrusion device comprises an extrusion plate one, an extrusion plate two and a crushing cylinder, the extrusion plate one is fixedly installed on the rack, the extrusion plate two is located on the opposite side of the extrusion plate one, the extrusion plate two is connected with the crushing cylinder, and the crushing cylinder can drive the extrusion plate two to move; the extrusion plate one and the extrusion plate two are located on the two sides below the guide rail, and a crushing area is formed between the extrusion plate one, the extrusion plate two and the guide rail; the ceramic tube clamped by the clamping jaw is moved to the crushing area along the guide rail, the extrusion plate two is driven by the crushing cylinder to extend or retract, and the extrusion and crushing operation on the ceramic tube in the crushing area is realized.

[0031] Further, the extrusion surfaces of the extrusion plate one and the extrusion plate two are both planes, and the extrusion and crushing are realized by tangency with the ceramic tube.

[0032] Further, the extrusion and crushing area is provided with an openable and closable splash-proof cover, when the clamping jaw clamps the ceramic tube and moves to the crushing area, the splash-proof cover covers the extrusion device, so that the ceramic tube fragments can only fall into the flow guide groove from the bottom.

[0033] For the discharging hopper, a gas cylinder one can be arranged to control the opening and closing of the hopper door.

[0034] Overall, the working process of the device is as follows:

[0035] (I) Initial installation

[0036] The operator installs the retired sodium-sulfur battery after removing the sodium in the sodium-free area on the chuck, the retired sodium-sulfur battery is parallel to the ground, and the cutter matched with the model of the retired sodium-sulfur battery is installed;

[0037] (II) Work of the cutting area

[0038] Start the chuck, rotate the chuck spindle to drive the retired sodium-sulfur battery to rotate;

[0039] The Y-axis driving device controls the cutter for opening cutting to feed radially at an appropriate feed speed to the set position, completes the opening cutting of the sodium tank, and then controls the cutter for cutting the neck to complete the cutting of the neck of the retired sodium-sulfur battery, and the cutting target is to completely cut off the neck; after completely cutting off, the sodium tank falls into the discharging hopper along the flow guide groove;

[0040] Then, open the discharging hopper, and the sodium tank falls into the reaction barrel filled with anhydrous ethanol below; the anhydrous ethanol enters the sodium tank from the opening of the sodium tank, and fully reacts with the sodium in the sodium tank to generate sodium ethoxide with stable chemical properties.

[0041] (III) Work of the crushing area

[0042] After the sodium tank is cut off, the clamping jaw moves to the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (at this time the structure of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery includes a neck and a ceramic tube); after the clamping jaw clamps the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery, the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery is sent from the cutting area to the crushing area; after the ceramic tube moves to the crushing area, the crushing oil cylinder starts to work, and the pressing plates one and two crush the ceramic tube; the crushed ceramic tube fragments fall into the discharge hopper along the guide groove, and after the discharge hopper door is opened, they fall into the anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel and react fully with anhydrous ethanol; thus, the disassembly work is completed.

[0043] The disassembly system is also provided with an external protective cover of the overall device and an air extraction replacement device, so as to reduce the hydrogen concentration in the disassembly system by continuously replacing the gas through the air extractor.

[0044] The disassembly system is also provided with a hydrogen concentration online detection device, and hydrogen concentration detectors are arranged inside and outside the disassembly system, so as to detect the hydrogen concentration inside and outside the device in real time.

[0045] Through the arrangement of the air extraction replacement device and the hydrogen concentration online detection device, the hydrogen concentration in the system can be connected with the air extractor and the inert gas blowing interlock, so as to control the hydrogen concentration within the safe range as soon as possible.

[0046] The disassembly system is also provided with an environmental temperature and humidity online detection device, so that when the temperature and humidity are high, the nitrogen blowing and air extraction replacement are started to reduce the environmental temperature and humidity, and the risk of burning of elemental sodium in the processing process is effectively prevented.

[0047] The technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery after disassembly in the sodium-free area is divided into a sodium-rich area and a sodium-poor area, the sodium tank in the sodium-rich area is opened and cut, the sodium tank in the sodium-rich area is first cut off and falls into the anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel for reaction, the ceramic tube part in the sodium-poor area is crushed by extrusion, and the crushed fragments also fall into the anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel for reaction, inert gas is used as the protective gas in the corresponding processing process, the whole process is safe, efficient and highly automated, and the problem of how to safely and efficiently dispose of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery is effectively solved, which is suitable for the disassembly process of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery and promotes the faster development and application of new energy sodium-sulfur batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 、 2 It is a structural schematic view of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery.

[0050] Figure 3 It is a front view of the main structure of the present application.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a side view of the main structure of the present application.

[0052] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the main structure of the application.

[0053] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the flow guide groove, the discharge hopper and the reaction bucket of the application.

[0054] Figure 7 It is another three-dimensional structural schematic view of the main structure of the application.

[0055] Figure 8 It is a rear view schematic view of the application. Figure 7

[0056] Figure 9 It is a flow chart of the application for disassembling the retired sodium-sulfur battery.

[0057] In the figure, the reference signs are as follows: 1, sodium tank; 2, neck; 3, shell; 4, sulfur felt; 5, ceramic tube; 6, core rod; 7, elemental sodium; 8, retired sodium-sulfur battery; 9, chuck; 10, cutter; 11, adjustable compression thimble; 12, cylinder two; 13, gas outlet of inert gas purging pipeline; 14, clamping jaw; 15, support plate; 16, guide rail; 17, cylinder three; 18, cylinder four; 19, extrusion plate one; 20, extrusion plate two; 21, crushing cylinder; 22, flow guide groove; 23, discharge hopper; 24, reaction bucket; 25, illuminating lamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions of the application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings of the specification.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the figure, it is a structural schematic view of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, the sodium tank 1, the neck 2, the ceramic tube 5, the shell 3 and the sulfur felt 4 outside the ceramic tube 5, the core rod 6 in the inner center of the ceramic tube 5, a small amount of elemental sodium 7 in the cavity between the core rod 6 and the ceramic tube 5, and a large amount of elemental sodium 7 in the sodium tank 1. For the structure of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, the disassembling system for the sodium area of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 designed by the application is used to disassemble the sodium area of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 after removing the shell 3 and the sulfur felt 4.

[0061] The disassembling system mainly includes the sodium tank 1 cutting unit and the ceramic tube 5 crushing unit, the working area of the sodium tank 1 cutting unit is the cutting area, and the working area of the ceramic tube 5 crushing unit is the crushing area.

[0062] For the structure of the disassembling system, the further design is as follows:

[0063] As Figures 3-5 ​As shown in the figure, the sodium tank 1 cutting unit includes a chuck 9 and an adjustable cutter, the chuck 9 fixes the ceramic tube 5 part of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, and the sodium tank 1 of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 is located below the adjustable cutter; the adjustable cutter sequentially performs opening operation on the sodium tank 1 and cutting operation on the neck 2 of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8.

[0064] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 , the upper end of the chuck 9 is provided with an inert gas blowing pipeline, which is used to introduce nitrogen during the cutting process to form a protective atmosphere. As shown in the figure Figure 6 , 7 , the disassembly system is provided with a fixed plate at the chuck 9, on which the gas outlet of the inert gas blowing pipeline is installed.

[0065] The ceramic tube 5 breaking unit includes a movable clamp and a pressing device. The movable clamp is used to clamp the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 and move it to the pressing device, the moving direction is the axial direction of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, and the direction in Figure 3 is the X-axis direction; after the ceramic tube 5 moves to the breaking area, the movable clamp stops moving, and the pressing device starts to press and break the ceramic tube 5.

[0066] As shown in the figure, Figures 6-8 , the mounting plate below the sodium tank 1 cutting unit and the ceramic tube 5 breaking unit is disassembled, and the lower guide groove 22, the hopper and the anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel 24 can be seen. The cut-off sodium tank 1, the crushed ceramic tube 5 fragments and the core rod 6 all fall into the lower hopper 23 through the guide groove 22, and then enter the anhydrous ethanol reaction barrel 24 through the lower hopper 23, realizing the treatment of the disassembled retired sodium-sulfur battery 8.

[0067] For the sodium tank 1 cutting unit: the main shaft of the chuck 9 is fixedly connected with the end of the sodium tank 1, and the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 is parallel to the ground; the chuck 9 drives the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 to rotate.

[0068] For the sodium tank 1 cutting unit: the adjustable cutter includes a Y-axis driving device, an adjustable compression pin 11 and a cutter row; the cutter row includes at least three cutters 10, of which: one cutter 10 is aligned with the neck 2 of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 and is used to cut the neck 2 of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8; the remaining cutters 10 are located on the upper end of the tank wall of the sodium tank 1 and are used to cut the tank wall of the sodium tank 1; the Y-axis driving device is installed on the upper end of the cutter row and is used to switch the cutters 10 according to different models of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8; the Y-axis driving device drives the cutters 10 to feed along the radial direction of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 and acts on the sodium tank 1; the adjustable compression pin 11 is used to be installed on the side surface of the cutter 10 and is used to compress the cutter 10 to be used according to different models of the sodium-sulfur battery, realizing the change of the cutting position and the cutting quantity of the sodium tank 1.

[0069] Furthermore, the Y-axis drive device includes a second cylinder 12 and a stepper motor. The second cylinder 12 is used to switch the tool 10, and the stepper motor is used to drive the tool 10 to feed radially.

[0070] Because sodium tank 1 contains a large amount of elemental sodium 7, an inert gas must be purged throughout the cutting process for protection; therefore, an inert gas purging pipeline is required. Figure 6 As shown, the inert gas purging pipeline includes a nitrogen cylinder, a pipeline, a solenoid valve switch, and an outlet 13. The pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve switch, one end of the pipeline is connected to the nitrogen cylinder, and the other end serves as the outlet 13; the outlet 13 is vented towards the cutting area.

[0071] The specific structure of the ceramic tube crushing unit is as follows:

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the movable clamp includes a gripper 14, a support plate 15, a guide rail 16, a third cylinder 17, and a fourth cylinder 18. The gripper 14 is mounted below the guide rail 16 via the support plate 15. The guide rail 16 is an X-axis guide rail. The fourth cylinder 18 drives the support plate 15 to slide along the guide rail 16, and the support plate 15 drives the gripper 14 to move. The third cylinder 17 is used to control the clamping and releasing actions of the gripper 14. When the gripper 14 moves to the position of the ceramic tube 5, the fourth cylinder 18 stops working, the third cylinder 17 works, and the gripper 14 clamps the ceramic tube 5. At this time, the gripper 14 and the ceramic tube 5 are coaxial.

[0073] Furthermore, multiple sets of grippers 14 can be configured. Depending on the model of the sodium-sulfur battery, grippers 14 of different sizes and curvatures can be selected and installed on the support plate 15.

[0074] Furthermore, the guide rail 16 is composed of a set of guide rails 16 and equipped with a stepper motor, which drives the guide rail 16 to work.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the extrusion device includes an extrusion plate 19, an extrusion plate 20, and a crushing cylinder 21. The extrusion plate 19 is fixedly installed, and the extrusion plate 20 is located on the opposite side of the extrusion plate 19. The extrusion plate 20 is connected to the crushing cylinder 21. The extrusion plates 19 and 20 are located on both sides below the guide rail 16, and a crushing zone is formed between the extrusion plates 19, 20, and the guide rail 16. The gripper 14 holds the ceramic tube 5 and moves it along the guide rail 16 to the crushing zone. The extrusion plate 20 is extended or retracted by the crushing cylinder 21 to realize the extrusion and crushing operation of the ceramic tube 5 in the crushing zone.

[0076] Furthermore, the extrusion surfaces of the extrusion plate 19 and the extrusion plate 20 are both planar, and are tangential to the ceramic tube 5 to achieve extrusion and crushing.

[0077] Further, the extrusion crushing zone is provided with an openable and closable splash-proof cover, when the ceramic tube 5 is moved to the crushing zone by the clamping jaw 14, the splash-proof cover covers the extrusion device, so that the ceramic tube 5 fragments can only fall into the flow guide groove 22 from the bottom.

[0078] The lower hopper 23 is provided with a cylinder I for controlling the opening and closing of the hopper door.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] On the basis of example 1, the disassembling system can adopt Siemens S7-200 Smart+ Kunlun on-state touch screen control mode, centralized control of PLC+HMI, and Ethernet communication between PLC and HMI. Among them, PLC is the control core of the disassembling system, and the touch screen is used for man-machine interaction to realize the state monitoring and control operation of the device.

[0081] The power switch, emergency stop switch and alarm are arranged on the electric control cabinet panel, which are used for power start and stop, equipment shutdown in emergency and fault alarm.

[0082] The spindle power of the chuck 9 adopts a 4kW three-phase asynchronous motor which drives the spindle after speed reduction. The spindle is provided with a 5.5kW frequency converter to adjust the spindle speed, which can better meet the cutting demand.

[0083] The movable clamp in X-axis movement and the cutter 10 in Y-axis movement can adopt a Raytheon hybrid stepping motor. This motor has an encoder, can realize closed-loop motion control, and can effectively improve the motion accuracy. At the same time, zero position, positive limit and negative limit proximity switches are arranged in the moving direction of X-axis or Y-axis, which can be used for zero reset and mechanical limit protection of the servo shaft.

[0084] The opening and closing cylinder of the hopper, the switching cylinder of the cutter 10 and the cylinder of the movable clamp are opened (material falling) and closed (sealing) according to the process requirements, the cutter row switching and the loosening and clamping operation of the clamping jaw 14. All control cylinders adopt DC24V coil solenoid valves.

[0085] The whole disassembling system is also provided with LED illuminating lamp 25 for manual operation and observation. The LED illuminating lamp 25 can be powered by AC220V or DC24V power supply.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] On the basis of example 2, the crushing cylinder 21 is used for crushing the ceramic tube 5 of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, mainly including an oil pump, an oil cylinder and an electromagnetic reversing valve. In order to determine the position of the oil cylinder, three proximity switches can be arranged to indicate the pressing, loosening and original position of the oil cylinder.

[0088] The oil pump can be selected with 3-phase 4kW motor, and the on-off is controlled by AC contactor. The motor short circuit, overload protection is realized by setting the fuse and thermal relay, and the safety operation of the oil cylinder is ensured.

[0089] The oil cylinder reversing valve can be controlled by double-acting solenoid valve, one forward and one reverse, both lost power.

[0090] The proximity switch can be a three-wire capacitive NPN proximity switch, which feeds back the actual position of the oil cylinder action, and realizes the limit protection of the oil cylinder.

[0091] Example 4

[0092] On the basis of any one of examples 1-3, the disassembly system is further provided with an external protective cover of the overall device and an air extraction and replacement device, all openable doors and the like need to be coated with sealing rubber strips, in order to reduce the hydrogen concentration in the disassembly system, the gas needs to be replaced constantly by the air extractor. A 550w air extractor is selected, which is also controlled by an AC contactor switch, and is provided with short circuit and overload protection.

[0093] The disassembly system is also provided with a hydrogen concentration online detection device, and hydrogen concentration detectors are arranged inside and outside the disassembly system, which can detect the hydrogen concentration inside and outside the device in real time. The hydrogen concentration detector selects 4~20mA analog output for PLC reading, and can also use RS485 communication output.

[0094] Through the setting of the air extraction and replacement device and the hydrogen concentration online detection device, the hydrogen concentration in the system can be connected with the air extractor and the nitrogen purging interlock, so as to control the hydrogen concentration in the safe range as soon as possible.

[0095] The disassembly system is also provided with an environmental temperature and humidity online detection device, when the temperature and humidity are large, the nitrogen purging and air extraction and replacement are opened, the environmental temperature and humidity are reduced, and the risk of burning of elemental sodium 7 in the processing process is effectively prevented. Similar to the hydrogen concentration detector, the temperature and humidity transmitter can select 4~20mA current output, or use Modbus protocol communication.

[0096] As shown in the above, Figure 9 The disassembly steps realized by the disassembly equipment are as follows:

[0097] (1) Artificial positioning and clamping of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 after removing the sulfur felt 4, fixing the ceramic tube 5 end to the chuck 9, and locating the sodium tank 1 end below the cutter row;

[0098] (2) Start the equipment, the chuck 9 drives the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 to rotate at the scheduled speed, the three cutters feed along the radial direction of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8 at the set speed, and feed to the limit position of the proximity switch to start resetting; after resetting, the cutter switching cylinder magnetic switch is powered on, the cutter 10 is switched to the neck 2 cutting cutter 10, feeds to the limit position of the proximity switch to start resetting; the cut sodium tank 1 first falls into the discharge hopper 23, the hopper opening and closing cylinder starts to act according to the signal, opens the discharge hopper 23, and the sodium tank 1 falls into the lower reaction barrel 24 containing anhydrous ethanol along the guide groove 22, the hopper opening and closing cylinder resets, and the discharge hopper 23 is closed;

[0099] (3) The magnetic switch of the cylinder four 18 is powered on to push the clamping jaw 14 to the neck 2 of the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, stop moving after reaching the left limit position of the proximity switch of the clamping jaw 14, the clamping magnetic switch of the cylinder three 17 is powered on to start clamping the retired sodium-sulfur battery 8, the chuck 9 is released, and after clamping, it is sent to the right into the ceramic tube 5 crushing area for next step disassembly;

[0100] (4) After reaching the right limit position of the proximity switch of the clamping jaw 14, the pressing cylinder 21 compression solenoid valve is powered on, the extrusion plate two 20 is extended, the ceramic tube 5 is extruded between the extrusion plate one 19 and the extrusion plate two 20, the ceramic tube 5 crushing work is carried out, the proximity switch limit position is reached, the compression solenoid valve is powered off, the extrusion plate two 20 is retracted, the ceramic tube 5 fragments and the core rod 6 fall into the hopper, the hopper opening and closing cylinder starts to act according to the signal, opens the hopper, the sodium tank 1 falls into the lower reaction barrel 24 containing anhydrous ethanol along the guide groove 22, the hopper opening and closing cylinder resets, and the hopper is closed.

Claims

1. A dismantling device for sodium-containing areas of retired sodium-sulfur batteries, characterized in that: It includes a sodium tank (1) cutting unit and a ceramic tube (5) crushing unit. Both the sodium tank (1) cutting unit and the ceramic tube (5) crushing unit are fixed on the frame. The working area of ​​the sodium tank (1) cutting unit is the cutting area, and the working area of ​​the ceramic tube (5) crushing unit is the crushing area. The cutting unit of the sodium tank (1) includes a chuck (9) and an adjustable cutter. The chuck (9) is used to fix the ceramic tube (5) of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) after the sulfur felt (4) has been removed. The adjustable cutter is used to open the sodium tank (1) and cut the neck (2) of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8). An inert gas purging pipeline is provided at the upper end of the chuck (9). The inert gas purging pipeline is used to introduce nitrogen gas into the cutting process to form a protective atmosphere. The inert gas purging pipeline includes a nitrogen cylinder, a pipeline, a solenoid valve switch and an outlet (13). A solenoid valve switch is installed on the pipeline. One end of the pipeline is connected to the nitrogen cylinder, and the other end is used as the outlet (13). The outlet (13) is vented towards the cutting area. The adjustable cutter includes... The device includes a Y-axis drive, an adjustable clamping pin (11), and a cutter bar. The cutter bar includes at least three cutters (10), one of which is used to cut the neck (2) of the retired sodium-sulfur battery (8). The remaining cutters (10) are used to cut the opening of the sodium tank (1). The corresponding cutter (10) is switched to work according to the model of the retired sodium-sulfur battery (8). The Y-axis drive is installed on the upper end of the cutter bar. The Y-axis drive drives the cutter (10) to feed radially along the retired sodium-sulfur battery (8) and act on the sodium tank (1). The adjustable clamping pin (11) is installed on the side of the cutter (10). According to the model of the retired sodium-sulfur battery (8), the cutter (10) to be used is clamped, so as to realize the change of the cutting position and the number of cuts on the sodium tank (1). The ceramic tube (5) crushing unit includes a movable clamp and a crushing device. The movable clamp is used to hold the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) and can move along the axial direction. The movable clamp holds the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) and moves it to the crushing zone. The crushing device crushes the ceramic tube (5). The movable clamp includes a jaw (14), a support plate (15), a guide rail (16), a cylinder three (17), and a cylinder four (18). The guide rail (16) is located behind the cutter bar and arranged along the X-axis. The jaw (14) is installed below the guide rail (16) through the support plate (15). The cylinder four (18) drives the support plate (15) to move along the guide rail (16). The support plate (15) drives the jaw (14) to move. The cylinder three (17) is used to control the clamping and loosening of the jaw (14). The crushing device includes a crushing plate one (19), a crushing plate two (20), and a crushing device. The crushing cylinder (21) has a pressing plate (19) as a fixed plate, which is fixed on the frame. The pressing plate (20) is located on the opposite side of the pressing plate (19). The pressing plate (20) is connected to the crushing cylinder (21), and the crushing cylinder (21) can drive the pressing plate (20) to move. The pressing plate (19) and the pressing plate (20) are located on both sides below the guide rail (16). A crushing zone is formed between the pressing plate (19), the pressing plate (20) and the guide rail (16). The gripper (14) holds the ceramic tube (5) and moves it along the guide rail (16) to the crushing zone. The pressing plate (20) is extended or retracted by the crushing cylinder (21) to realize the crushing operation of the ceramic tube (5) in the crushing zone. The pressing surfaces of the pressing plate (19) and the pressing plate (20) are both flat and tangent to the ceramic tube (5) to realize crushing. Below the sodium tank (1) cutting unit and the ceramic tube (5) crushing unit, there is a guide channel (22), a feeding hopper (23) and an anhydrous ethanol reaction tank (24); the cut-off sodium tank (1), the crushed ceramic tube (5) fragments and the core rod (6) all fall into the feeding hopper (23) through the guide channel (22), and then enter the anhydrous ethanol reaction tank (24) through the feeding hopper (23) to realize the processing of the disassembled retired sodium-sulfur battery (8); The crushing zone is equipped with an openable anti-splash cover. When the gripper (14) clamps the ceramic tube (5) and moves it to the crushing zone, the anti-splash cover covers the top of the extrusion device, so that the ceramic tube (5) fragments only fall into the guide groove (22) from the bottom. The specific disassembly process of the disassembly equipment is as follows: Install the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) with the sulfur felt (4) removed onto the chuck (9), with the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) parallel to the ground, and switch to the tool (10) that matches the model of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8). Start the chuck (9), the main shaft of the chuck (9) rotates, driving the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) to rotate; The Y-axis drive device first controls the radial feed of the cutter (10) used for opening cutting, and moves to the set position at an appropriate feed speed to complete the opening cutting of the sodium tank (1); then controls the cutter (10) used for cutting the neck (2) to complete the cutting of the neck (2) of the retired sodium-sulfur battery (8). After the neck (2) is completely cut off, the sodium tank (1) falls into the feed hopper (23) along the guide groove (22); After the feed hopper (23) is opened, the sodium tank (1) falls into the reaction tank (24) below which contains anhydrous ethanol. The anhydrous ethanol enters the sodium tank (1) from the opening of the sodium tank (1) and reacts fully with the sodium inside the sodium tank (1) to generate sodium ethoxide. After the sodium tank (1) is cut off, the gripper (14) moves along the guide rail (16) toward the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8); when the gripper (14) moves to the side of the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8), the cylinder three (17) controls the gripper (14) to clamp the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8), and then the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) is sent from the cutting area to the crushing area; when the ceramic tube (5) moves to the crushing area, the crushing cylinder (21) starts to work, causing the extrusion plate two (20) to press against the extrusion plate one (19) to crush the ceramic tube (5); After the ceramic tube (5) fragments are broken, they fall into the guide channel (22) below and into the feed hopper (23) along the guide channel (22). After the feed hopper (23) is opened, the fragments fall into the anhydrous ethanol reaction tank (24) and react fully with the anhydrous ethanol.

2. The dismantling equipment for the sodium-containing area of ​​retired sodium-sulfur batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) with the sulfur felt (4) removed is fixed on the chuck (9), and the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) is parallel to the ground. When the chuck (9) rotates, it drives the decommissioned sodium-sulfur battery (8) to rotate as a whole.

3. The dismantling equipment for the sodium-containing area of ​​retired sodium-sulfur batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis drive device includes a second cylinder (12) and a stepper motor. The second cylinder (12) is used to switch the tool (10), and the stepper motor is used to drive the tool (10) to feed radially. The adjustable cutter is provided with a corresponding proximity switch in the Y-axis moving direction to control the moving position of the cutter bar.

4. The dismantling equipment for the sodium-containing area of ​​retired sodium-sulfur batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (16) is composed of a set of guide rails (16) and is equipped with a stepper motor, which drives the guide rail (16) to work; the movable clamp is provided with a corresponding proximity switch in the X-axis moving direction to control the moving position of the gripper (14).

5. The dismantling equipment for the sodium-containing area of ​​retired sodium-sulfur batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The dismantling equipment is equipped with an external protective cover for the entire device and a ventilation and replacement device. Both the inside and outside are equipped with online hydrogen concentration detection devices. The hydrogen concentration is detected by the online hydrogen concentration detection devices, and the gas is continuously replaced by the ventilation fan to reduce the hydrogen concentration inside the dismantling system.

6. The dismantling equipment for the sodium-containing area of ​​retired sodium-sulfur batteries as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The dismantling equipment is also equipped with an online ambient temperature and humidity detection device. When the temperature and humidity exceed a certain value, the inert gas purging pipeline and the exhaust and replacement device are opened to reduce the ambient temperature and humidity.

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