A forging process for R-pin ball and socket hardware

Abstract

The invention relates to a forging process for an R-pin ball socket hardware. The specific steps include preparing raw materials, primary forging, secondary forging, cutting, tertiary forging and finished products. During the entire forging process, the inside of the forging die will not be squeezed, deformed or collapsed, thereby avoiding the time-consuming and labor-intensive situation of replacing the forging die due to damage to the forging die. The semicircular protrusion on the second processing part is used to determine the total length of the semi-finished ball socket hardware, which is convenient for subsequent front and rear positioning of the workpiece to be processed in the ball socket forming cavity and the crimping part clamping groove, thereby ensuring the shape punching degree and density of the semi-finished ball socket hardware during forming. The connection between the semicircular protrusion and the second cylindrical body adopts an arc transition, thereby avoiding the generation of bandaging and folding (crease) between the semicircular protrusion and the second cylindrical body during the three-stage forging process, thereby ultimately improving the production efficiency and further improving the production benefits of the factory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hardware forging, and in particular to a forging process for an R-pin ball socket hardware. Background Art

[0002] Ball and socket fittings are important connecting components in power transmission systems. Power fittings ball and socket connectors are generally used in conjunction with ball head fittings, and their quality requirements are very high.

[0003] When producing ball and socket fittings, semi-finished ball and socket fittings are usually forged first, and then the semi-finished ball and socket fittings are subsequently fine-processed. The structure of the semi-finished ball and socket fittings is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a crimping portion b and a socket portion a. The socket portion a has a spherical inner cavity 1 for accommodating the end ball head section of the insulator ball head type hardware. The side of the socket portion is provided with a lateral opening for allowing the ball head hardware to enter the spherical inner cavity, namely a lateral groove 2.

[0004] In the existing ball and socket hardware forging process, a round steel bar is directly heated and then formed into a blank through a forging die. The blank has a large cylinder and a small cylinder. The large cylinder is used to be processed into the ball socket part, and the small cylinder is used to be processed into the hardware crimping part. In this process, the ball socket part is a solid structure, which needs to be milled through metal processing to form the ball socket structure. The processing volume is large, and metal materials are wasted, and the cost is high.

[0005] In addition, general forgings are ejected from the bottom when forging, that is, a ejection hole is set in the center of the core of the lower die, and the hardware is ejected by the lower ejector rod in the ejection hole. However, in the practical forging process, the hardware will adhere to the upper punch and leave the lower model cavity with the upper punch, and manual demolding is still required.

[0006] The existing patent CN 202111139774.9 provides an R-pin ball socket hardware forging process and its forging die, wherein the process uses straight round steel as raw material, and after heating, forges a ball socket hardware semi-finished product in a forging die, wherein one end of the ball socket hardware semi-finished product is a large-diameter cylinder, and the other end is a small-diameter cylinder, and the large-diameter cylinder has a side slot extending from the end face to one side of the side wall; the ball socket hardware semi-finished product is formed into an R-pin ball socket hardware by metal processing. The advantages of the present invention are: by forging a ball socket hardware semi-finished product with a side slot, the milling amount of metal processing and the consumption of materials can be reduced, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0007] However, the above patent still has the following defects: in the actual batch processing process, the ball socket forming protrusion at the bottom end of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mold core is easily squeezed, deformed or collapsed. At this time, the forged molded part will not meet the requirements, which requires frequent stopping of the forging process and replacement of the mold core. The operation is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low production efficiency and reducing the factory's production benefits. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an R-pin ball socket hardware forging molding process, which solves the problem in the prior art that the internal structure of the mold core is easily collapsed, the mold core needs to be replaced frequently, the operation is cumbersome, and the production efficiency is low, thereby reducing the production benefits of the factory.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a forging process of an R pin ball socket hardware, the innovation of which is: specifically comprising the following steps:

[0010] T1: Prepare raw materials: use straight round steel as raw material;

[0011] T2: One-step forging: Install the straight round steel in the first forging die, and use the first forging die to forge the middle and upper part of the straight round steel, so that the top of the straight round steel forms a first processed part with a height of n+(1~2) and an outer diameter of R-(4~9), and the middle part of the straight round steel forms a first crimping part with an outer diameter of r±0.4, and the first processed part and the first crimping part are coaxially arranged;

[0012] The first processed portion comprises a first cylindrical body, an S-shaped arc transition is formed between the first cylindrical body and the first crimping portion, and a circumference of one side of the first cylindrical body away from the first crimping portion is chamfered;

[0013] T3: Secondary forging: The first workpiece is taken out from the first forging die and installed in the second forging die. The first processing part and the first crimping part of the first workpiece are forged by the second forging die to form a second workpiece, so that the first processing part forms a second processing part with a height of n±0.5 and an outer diameter of R±0.5, and the first crimping part forms a second crimping part with an outer diameter of r±0.2, and the second processing part and the second crimping part are coaxially arranged;

[0014] The second processing part comprises a second cylindrical body and a semicircular protrusion which are coaxially arranged up and down, wherein the semicircular protrusion is arranged at the top center of the second cylindrical body, and there is an arc transition between the semicircular protrusion and the second cylindrical body;

[0015] T4: Cutting: taking the second workpiece out of the second forging die, and completely cutting the second processing portion and the second crimping portion off the straight round steel to form a workpiece to be processed;

[0016] T5: Three-step forging: The workpiece to be processed is installed in the third forging die, and the second processing part of the workpiece to be processed is forged by the third forging die, and the second processing part is squeezed into a spherical shape, and the spherical inner cavity and the lateral groove that are connected are squeezed out to form a semi-finished ball socket part, and the height of the semi-finished ball socket part is n±0.2 and the outer diameter is R±0.2. At this time, the semi-finished ball socket part and the second crimping part are coaxial to form a semi-finished ball socket hardware, and the forging of the semi-finished ball socket hardware is completed;

[0017] T6: Finished product: The semi-finished ball and socket fitting is taken out and processed into an R-pin ball and socket fitting, wherein the height of the ball socket of the R-pin ball and socket fitting is n, the outer diameter of the ball socket is R, and the radius of the crimping portion is r.

[0018] Furthermore, the first forging die includes a first upper die and a first lower die arranged up and down, the first lower die has a first inner cavity arranged vertically through, and the first upper die includes a first punch;

[0019] The first inner cavity comprises an upper circular tube groove, a middle circular tube groove and a lower circular tube groove which are coaxially and connected to each other, the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove is larger than the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove, and an S-shaped arc transition is formed between the upper circular tube groove and the middle circular tube groove, the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove is larger than the inner diameter of the lower circular tube groove, and the length of the middle circular tube groove is larger than the length of the crimping portion of the semi-finished ball and socket hardware;

[0020] The first punch is vertically arranged downward, and comprises a first punch body, a first punch portion is arranged at the center of the bottom of the first punch body, the first punch portion is a truncated cone-shaped groove, and the upper bottom of the truncated cone-shaped groove is smaller than the lower bottom thereof;

[0021] The second forging die comprises a second upper die and a second lower die, the second lower die has the same structure as the first lower die, the second upper die comprises a second punch, the second punch is also vertically downwardly arranged, comprises a second punch body, a second punch portion is arranged at the bottom center of the second punch body, and the length of the second punch is greater than that of the first punch;

[0022] The third forging die includes a third upper die and a third lower die which are arranged up and down, the third lower die has a third inner cavity, the third upper die includes a third punch, the third punch includes a third punch body, and a third punch portion is provided at the bottom of the third punch body, and the third punch portion includes a spherical inner cavity punch portion and a lateral groove punch portion.

[0023] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the lower circular tube groove is consistent with the outer diameter of the straight round steel, the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove is not less than the outer diameter of the first crimping portion, the outer diameter of the first crimping portion is greater than the outer diameter of the straight round steel, the inclination angle of the chamfer is consistent with the inclination of the truncated cone groove, and the lower bottom of the truncated cone groove is greater than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical body;

[0024] The outer diameter of the second crimping portion is not larger than the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove, and the outer diameter of the second cylindrical body is not larger than the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove. A semicircular protrusion is also provided in the middle of one side of the second cylindrical body away from the second crimping portion, and the semicircular protrusion transitions to the arc of the second cylindrical body.

[0025] Furthermore, the second lower mold includes two symmetrically arranged lower modules, each of which has a half chamber on its inner side, and the two lower modules are closed together, and the half chambers of the two lower modules are closed together to form the third inner cavity;

[0026] The third inner cavity includes a ball socket forming cavity and a crimping portion clamping groove, wherein the crimping portion of the semi-finished ball socket fitting is just accommodated in the crimping portion of the semi-finished ball socket fitting;

[0027] The ball socket forming cavity is connected to the crimping part snap-in groove and is horizontally arranged in the middle of the second lower mold, and the length of the ball socket forming cavity is equal to the length of the ball socket of the semi-finished ball socket hardware. The total length of the ball socket forming cavity and the crimping part snap-in groove is the total length of the semi-finished ball socket hardware.

[0028] Furthermore, an entry and exit groove is provided on the second lower die, and the entry and exit channel is vertically arranged on the second lower die above the ball socket forming cavity, and the entry and exit channel is connected to the third inner cavity to accommodate the third punch to vertically enter and exit the ball socket forming cavity.

[0029] Furthermore, a vertically arranged workpiece clamping groove is provided on the second lower die, the opening of the workpiece clamping groove is arranged upward, and the workpiece clamping groove is connected to the outer side of the crimping portion clamping groove, and a gap is left between the bottom end of the crimping portion clamping groove and the bottom of the workpiece clamping groove, so as to facilitate the clamp to extend from the workpiece clamping groove into the third inner cavity to firmly clamp the semi-finished ball socket hardware during the actual forging process, or to firmly clamp the workpiece to be processed between the two half-chambers, so as to facilitate the subsequent closing of the two lower modules, thereby accurately placing the workpiece to be processed between the two half-chambers, and thus accurately placing it in the third inner cavity.

[0030] Furthermore, the outer diameters of the first and second punches are not greater than the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove.

[0031] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0032] In the present invention, the first and second forging dies are used to forge the straight round steel multiple times to form the semi-finished ball socket hardware. During the entire forging process, the inside of the forging die will not be squeezed, deformed or collapsed, thereby avoiding the time-consuming and labor-intensive situation of replacing the forging die due to damage to the forging die. The semicircular protrusion on the second processing part is used to determine the total length of the semi-finished ball socket hardware, which is convenient for the subsequent front and rear positioning of the workpiece to be processed in the ball socket forming cavity and the crimping part clamping groove, thereby ensuring the shape punching degree and density of the semi-finished ball socket hardware during forming. The connection between the semicircular protrusion and the second cylindrical body adopts an arc transition, which can avoid the generation of wrapping and folding (crease) between the semicircular protrusion and the second cylindrical body during the three forging processes, thereby ultimately improving production efficiency and further improving the production benefits of the factory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the R-pin ball and socket hardware of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a partial structural sectional view of the first forging die of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the first forging die of the present invention when the die is closed.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the second forging die of the present invention when the die is closed.

[0038] Figure 5 The third forging die part structure of the present invention is Figure 1 .

[0039] Figure 6 The third forging die part structure of the present invention is Figure 2 .

[0040] Figure 7 The third forging die part structure of the present invention is Figure 3 .

[0041] Figure 8 It is a top view of the structure of the third forging die portion of the present invention.

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a UU cross-sectional view of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The forging die used in the R pin ball socket hardware forging process of the present invention includes a first forging die 4, a second forging die 5 and a third forging die 6. Figures 2 to 3As shown, the first forging die 4 includes a first upper oil cylinder and a first upper die and a first lower die arranged up and down.

[0044] The first lower die includes a first lower die base 44 and a first lower die block 42 mounted on the first lower die base 44 . A first inner cavity 43 vertically penetrating the first lower die block 42 is provided.

[0045] The first upper die includes a first punch 41, which is vertically downwardly arranged and includes a first punch 41 body. A first punch portion is arranged at the bottom center of the first punch 41 body. The first punch portion is a truncated cone-shaped groove, and the upper bottom of the truncated cone-shaped groove is smaller than the lower bottom thereof.

[0046] The first inner cavity 43 includes an upper circular tube groove 431, a middle circular tube groove 432 and a lower circular tube groove 433 which are coaxially and connected. The inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove 431 is larger than the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove 432, and there is an S-shaped arc transition between the upper circular tube groove 431 and the middle circular tube groove 432. The inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove 432 is larger than the inner diameter of the lower circular tube groove 433. At the same time, the length of the middle circular tube groove 432 is larger than the length of the crimping portion b of the semi-finished ball socket hardware.

[0047] A feed channel is also provided on the first lower die base 44 , and the feed channel is coaxially arranged with the first inner cavity 43 , and the diameter of the feed channel is larger than the lower circular tube groove.

[0048] The inner diameter of the lower circular tube groove 433 is consistent with the outer diameter of the straight round steel 3, the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove 432 is not less than the outer diameter of the first crimping portion 9, the outer diameter of the first crimping portion 9 is larger than the outer diameter of the straight round steel 3, the inclination angle of the chamfer is consistent with the inclination of the truncated cone groove, and the lower bottom of the truncated cone groove is larger than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical body.

[0049] The first upper oil cylinder is arranged above the first upper die, and its output end is connected to the first upper die. The first upper oil cylinder drives the first upper die to rise and fall, thereby realizing the clamping and demolding of the first upper and lower dies, thereby realizing the forging of the first workpiece.

[0050] The outer diameter of the second crimping portion 10 is not larger than the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove 432, and the outer diameter of the second cylindrical body 81 is not larger than the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove 431. A semicircular protrusion 82 is also provided in the middle of one side of the second cylindrical body 81 away from the second crimping portion 10, and the semicircular protrusion 82 transitions with the second cylindrical body 81 in a circular arc.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the second forging die 5 includes a second upper cylinder, a second upper die and a second lower die 52 .

[0052] The second lower mold 52 has the same structure as the first lower mold, including a second lower mold 52 seat and a second lower mold 52 block installed on the second lower mold 52 seat. A second inner cavity is vertically penetrated on the second lower mold 52 block, and the second inner cavity has the same structure as the first inner cavity 43.

[0053] The second upper die includes a second punch 51 , which is also vertically downwardly arranged and includes a second punch 51 body. A second punch portion is arranged at the bottom center of the second punch 51 body, and the length of the second punch 51 is greater than that of the first punch 41 .

[0054] The outer diameters of the first and second punches are not greater than the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove 431 .

[0055] The second upper oil cylinder is arranged above the second upper die, and its output end is connected to the second upper die. The second upper oil cylinder drives the second upper die to rise and fall, thereby realizing the clamping and demolding of the second upper and lower dies, thereby realizing the forging of the second workpiece.

[0056] like Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the third forging die 6 includes a third upper oil cylinder, a first side oil cylinder, a second side oil cylinder, and a third upper die and a third lower die arranged up and down.

[0057] The third lower mold has a second inner cavity. The third lower mold includes two lower modules 66 that are symmetrically and slidably arranged on the third lower mold base. The third lower mold base is provided with two symmetrically arranged slide grooves, and a slider is installed in each of the two slide grooves. The two lower modules 66 are respectively installed on the two sliders. A half chamber 614 is provided on the inner side of each lower module 66. The outer sides of the two lower modules 66 are respectively provided with a first side cylinder and a second side cylinder, and the output ends of the first side cylinder and the second side cylinder are respectively connected to the outer sides of the two lower modules 66. The two lower modules 66 are driven to approach or move away from each other by the first side cylinder and the second side cylinder, respectively, to realize the closing and separation of the two lower modules 66, and the half chambers 614 of the two lower modules 66 are closed to form a second inner cavity.

[0058] The third upper die includes a third punch 61 . The third punch 61 includes a third punch body. A third punch portion is provided at the bottom of the third punch body. The third punch portion includes a spherical inner cavity punch section 611 and a lateral groove punch section 612 .

[0059] The second inner cavity includes a ball socket forming cavity 62 and a crimping portion clamping groove 63. The crimping portion clamping groove 63 can just accommodate the crimping portion b of the semi-finished ball socket fitting.

[0060] The ball socket forming cavity 62 is connected to the crimping portion snap-in groove 63 and is horizontally arranged in the middle of the third lower mold, and the length of the ball socket forming cavity 62 is equal to the length of the ball socket a of the semi-finished ball socket hardware, and the total length of the ball socket forming cavity 62 and the crimping portion snap-in groove 63 is the total length of the semi-finished ball socket hardware.

[0061] The third lower die is also provided with an inlet and outlet groove 64 , which is vertically arranged on the third lower die above the socket forming cavity 62 , and is connected to the second inner cavity to accommodate the third punch 61 vertically entering and exiting the socket forming cavity 62 .

[0062] The third lower die is also provided with a vertically arranged workpiece clamping groove 65, the opening of which is arranged upward, and the workpiece clamping groove 65 is connected and arranged on the outside of the crimping portion clamping groove 63, and a gap is left between the bottom end of the crimping portion clamping groove 63 and the bottom of the workpiece clamping groove 65, so as to facilitate the use of an appropriate clamp to clamp the second-state ball socket hardware during the actual forging process, and place the second-state ball socket hardware between the two half chambers 614, or extend the clamp from the workpiece clamping groove 65 into the second inner cavity to firmly clamp the semi-finished ball socket hardware and take it out.

[0063] The third upper oil cylinder is arranged above the third upper die, and its output end is connected to the third upper die. The third upper oil cylinder drives the third upper die to rise and fall, thereby realizing the clamping and demolding of the third upper and lower dies, thereby realizing the forging of the semi-finished ball socket hardware.

[0064] A forging process for an R-pin ball and socket hardware, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0065] T1: Prepare raw materials: Use straight round steel as raw material.

[0066] T2: One-time forging: Extend the straight round steel 3 from the bottom of the first forging die through the feed channel into the first inner cavity 43, so that the top of the straight round steel 3 is flush with the top of the upper circular tube groove 431, and drive the first upper die 41 down by the first upper oil cylinder to achieve the clamping of the first upper and lower dies, so as to forge the upper and middle part of the straight round steel 3 to form a first processed part.

[0067] At this time, a first processed part 7 with a height of n+2 and an outer diameter of R+9 is formed on the top of the straight round steel on the first processed part, and a first crimping part 9 with an outer diameter of r±0.4 is formed in the middle of the straight round steel, and the first processed part 7 and the first crimping part 9 are coaxially arranged.

[0068] The first processed portion 7 comprises a first cylindrical body, an S-shaped arc transition is formed between the first cylindrical body and the first crimping portion, and a peripheral portion of one side of the first cylindrical body away from the first crimping portion 9 is chamfered.

[0069] T3: Secondary forging: The first upper die 41 is driven to rise by the first upper oil cylinder until the first upper and lower dies are demolded, the first workpiece is taken out of the first forging die 4, and installed in the second inner cavity of the second forging die 5, and at this time, the installation position of the first workpiece in the second inner cavity is the same as its position in the first inner cavity.

[0070] The second upper die 51 is driven down by the second upper oil cylinder to achieve the clamping of the second upper and lower dies, so as to forge the first processed portion 7 and the first crimping portion 9 of the first processed part to form the second processed part.

[0071] The first processed portion 7 is forged by the second forging die 5 to form a second processed portion 8 with a height of n+0.5 and an outer diameter of R±1. The first crimping portion 9 is forged by the second forging die 5 to form a second crimping portion 10 with an outer diameter of r±0.2, and the second processed portion 8 is coaxially arranged with the second crimping portion 10.

[0072] The second processing portion 8 includes a second cylindrical body 81 and a semicircular protrusion 82 which are coaxially arranged up and down. The semicircular protrusion 82 is arranged at the top center of the second cylindrical body 81 , and there is an arc transition between the semicircular protrusion 82 and the second cylindrical body 81 .

[0073] T4: Cutting: The second workpiece is taken out from the second forging die 5, and the second processing portion 8 and the second crimping portion 10 with a length of L±0.2 are completely cut off from the straight round steel to form a workpiece to be processed.

[0074] T5: Three-stage forging: Place the workpiece between the two half-chambers of the third forging die 6, and drive the two lower modules 66 to approach each other through the first side cylinder and the second side cylinder respectively, so as to close the two lower modules 66, so that the two half-chambers 614 are closed to form a second inner cavity, and the workpiece is completely placed in the second inner cavity by using the semicircular protrusion to position its front and rear positions.

[0075] The third upper die is driven to descend by the third upper cylinder, thereby achieving the closing of the third upper and lower dies, so that the second processing part of the workpiece is forged, and the spherical inner cavity punch portion 611 and the lateral groove punch portion 612 are used to extrude the spherical inner cavity and the lateral groove that are connected to each other on the second processing part, while the second processing part is squeezed into a spherical shape to form a semi-finished ball socket part, and the height of the semi-finished ball socket part is n±0.2 and the outer diameter is R±0.2. At this time, the semi-finished ball socket part is coaxial with the second crimping part to form a semi-finished ball socket hardware, and the forging of the semi-finished ball socket hardware is completed.

[0076] T6: Finished product: The third upper mold is driven to rise by the third upper cylinder, thereby realizing the demolding of the third upper and lower molds, and the adapter fixture is extended from the workpiece clamping groove 65 into the second inner cavity to firmly clamp the semi-finished ball socket hardware, and the two lower modules 66 are driven away from each other by the first side cylinder and the second side cylinder respectively, so that the two lower modules 66 are separated, and then the fixture and the semi-finished ball socket hardware are taken out, and the semi-finished ball socket hardware is formed into an R-pin ball socket hardware through metal processing, and the height of the ball socket part of the R-pin ball socket hardware is n, the outer diameter of the ball socket part is R, the radius of the crimping part is r, and the length of the crimping part b is L.

[0077] In the present invention, the first and second forging dies are used to forge the straight round steel 3 multiple times to form a semi-finished ball socket fitting. During the entire forging process, the inside of the forging die will not be squeezed, deformed or collapsed, thereby avoiding the time-consuming and labor-intensive replacement of the forging die due to damage to the forging die. The semicircular protrusion 82 on the second processing portion 8 is used to determine the total length of the semi-finished ball socket fitting, which is convenient for the subsequent front and rear positioning of the second state ball socket fitting in the ball socket forming cavity 62 and the crimping portion clamping groove 63, thereby ensuring the shape punching degree and density of the semi-finished ball socket fitting during forming. The connection between the semicircular protrusion 82 and the second cylindrical body 81 adopts an arc transition, which can avoid the generation of wrapping and folding (creases) between the semicircular protrusion 82 and the second cylindrical body 81 during the three forging processes, thereby ultimately improving production efficiency and further improving the production benefits of the factory.

[0078] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forging process for an R-pin ball and socket hardware, characterized in that: The specific steps include: T1: Prepare raw materials: use straight round steel as raw material; T2: One-step forging: Install the straight round steel in the first forging die, and use the first forging die to forge the middle and upper part of the straight round steel to form a first processed part, and a first processed part with a height of n+(1~2) and an outer diameter of R-(4~9) is formed at the top of the straight round steel, and a first crimping part with an outer diameter of r±0.4 is formed at the middle of the straight round steel, and the first processed part and the first crimping part are coaxially arranged; The first processed portion comprises a first cylindrical body, an S-shaped arc transition is formed between the first cylindrical body and the first crimping portion, and a circumference of one side of the first cylindrical body away from the first crimping portion is chamfered; T3: Secondary forging: The first workpiece is taken out from the first forging die and installed in the second forging die. The first processing part and the first crimping part of the first workpiece are forged by the second forging die to form a second workpiece, so that the first processing part forms a second processing part with a height of n±0.5 and an outer diameter of R±0.5, and the first crimping part forms a second crimping part with an outer diameter of r±0.2, and the second processing part and the second crimping part are coaxially arranged; The second processing part comprises a second cylindrical body and a semicircular protrusion which are coaxially arranged up and down, wherein the semicircular protrusion is arranged at the top center of the second cylindrical body, and there is an arc transition between the semicircular protrusion and the second cylindrical body; T4: Cutting: taking the second workpiece out of the second forging die, and completely cutting the second processing portion and the second crimping portion off the straight round steel to form a workpiece to be processed; T5: Three-step forging: The workpiece to be processed is installed in the third forging die, and the second processing part of the workpiece to be processed is forged by the third forging die, and the second processing part is squeezed into a spherical shape, and the spherical inner cavity and the lateral groove that are connected are squeezed out to form a semi-finished ball socket part, and the height of the semi-finished ball socket part is n±0.2 and the outer diameter is R±0.

2. At this time, the semi-finished ball socket part and the second crimping part are coaxial to form a semi-finished ball socket hardware, and the forging of the semi-finished ball socket hardware is completed; T6: Finished product: The semi-finished ball and socket fitting is taken out and processed into an R-pin ball and socket fitting, wherein the height of the ball socket of the R-pin ball and socket fitting is n, the outer diameter of the ball socket is R, and the radius of the crimping portion is r.

2. The R-pin ball and socket hardware forging process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first forging die comprises a first upper die and a first lower die arranged up and down, the first lower die has a first inner cavity arranged vertically through, and the first upper die comprises a first punch; The first inner cavity comprises an upper circular tube groove, a middle circular tube groove and a lower circular tube groove which are coaxially and connected to each other, the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove is larger than the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove, and an S-shaped arc transition is formed between the upper circular tube groove and the middle circular tube groove, the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove is larger than the inner diameter of the lower circular tube groove, and the length of the middle circular tube groove is larger than the length of the crimping portion of the semi-finished ball and socket hardware; The first punch is vertically arranged downward, and comprises a first punch body, a first punch portion is arranged at the center of the bottom of the first punch body, the first punch portion is a truncated cone-shaped groove, and the upper bottom of the truncated cone-shaped groove is smaller than the lower bottom thereof; The second forging die comprises a second upper die and a second lower die, the second lower die has the same structure as the first lower die, the second upper die comprises a second punch, the second punch is also vertically downwardly arranged, comprises a second punch body, a second punch portion is arranged at the bottom center of the second punch body, and the length of the second punch is greater than that of the first punch; The third forging die includes a third upper die and a third lower die which are arranged up and down, the third lower die has a third inner cavity, the third upper die includes a third punch, the third punch includes a third punch body, and a third punch portion is provided at the bottom of the third punch body, and the third punch portion includes a spherical inner cavity punch portion and a lateral groove punch portion.

3. A forging process for an R pin ball and socket hardware according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the lower circular tube groove is consistent with the outer diameter of the straight round steel, the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove is not less than the outer diameter of the first crimping portion, the outer diameter of the first crimping portion is larger than the outer diameter of the straight round steel, the inclination angle of the chamfer is consistent with the inclination of the truncated cone groove, and the lower bottom of the truncated cone groove is larger than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical body; The outer diameter of the second crimping portion is not larger than the inner diameter of the middle circular tube groove, and the outer diameter of the second cylindrical body is not larger than the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove. A semicircular protrusion is also provided in the middle of one side of the second cylindrical body away from the second crimping portion, and the semicircular protrusion transitions to the arc of the second cylindrical body.

4. The R-pin ball and socket hardware forging process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second lower mold comprises two symmetrically arranged lower modules, each of which has a half chamber on its inner side, and the two lower modules are closed together, and the half chambers of the two lower modules are closed together to form the third inner cavity; The third inner cavity includes a ball socket forming cavity and a crimping portion clamping groove, wherein the crimping portion of the semi-finished ball socket fitting is just accommodated in the crimping portion of the semi-finished ball socket fitting; The ball socket forming cavity is connected to the crimping part snap-in groove and is horizontally arranged in the middle of the second lower mold, and the length of the ball socket forming cavity is equal to the length of the ball socket of the semi-finished ball socket hardware. The total length of the ball socket forming cavity and the crimping part snap-in groove is the total length of the semi-finished ball socket hardware.

5. The R-pin ball and socket hardware forging process according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second lower die is also provided with an inlet and outlet groove, which is vertically arranged on the second lower die above the ball socket forming cavity, and is connected to the third inner cavity to accommodate the third punch vertically entering and exiting the ball socket forming cavity.

6. The R-pin ball and socket hardware forging process according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second lower die is also provided with a vertically arranged workpiece clamping groove, the opening of which is arranged upward, and the workpiece clamping groove is connected to the outer side of the crimping part clamping groove, and a gap is left between the bottom end of the crimping part clamping groove and the bottom of the workpiece clamping groove.

7. The R-pin ball and socket hardware forging process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer diameters of the first and second punches are not greater than the inner diameter of the upper circular tube groove.

Images