Mechanical loading hydraulic training device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanical loading hydraulic training device and method. The right end of the base plate is hinged to the fixed base I, and the base plate rotating cylinder is hinged between the left end of the base plate and the fixed base II; the base plate rotating cylinder is connected to the balance valve II, and the balance valve II is connected to the hydraulic system; the lower end of the top bracket is hinged to the base plate, and the left end of the top bracket is hinged to the base plate. The bracket flipping cylinder is connected to the balance valve I, and the balance valve I is connected to the hydraulic system; the upper surface of the top bracket is fixed with a loading cylinder for driving the loading block to move left and right; the loading cylinder is connected to a two-way hydraulic lock, and the two-way hydraulic lock is connected to the hydraulic system. The present invention adopts a double-amplitude three-hinge mechanism to achieve the change of the angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane between ±θ°. It is driven by a hydraulic cylinder and can simulate different load capacities. It can be used in light and heavy load situations. It can be connected to different hydraulic system circuits to carry out hydraulic system design, component selection and performance optimization, as well as training and teaching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic platform training equipment, in particular to a mechanical loading type hydraulic training device and method. Background Art

[0002] In hydraulic walking machinery or engineering machinery products, single-action boom luffing and multi-action compound operation conditions are often encountered, such as the boom luffing action of the crane, the leveling of the working platform of the fire truck, the linkage of the dipper arm and bucket of the excavator, and the leveling of the frog-shaped outriggers for lifting machinery and equipment. In the process of teaching and scientific research, hydraulic platform training equipment is often used to study and analyze the above mechanisms and their working principles in order to complete the design optimization of their hydraulic systems and hydraulic components.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a hydraulic support simulation training device (CN111951634A), wherein the hydraulic support comprises a support frame composed of a plurality of support components and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders driving the support frame to perform various actions. The hydraulic support simulation training device comprises the support frame and an electric push rod replacing each of the hydraulic cylinders, and the support frame is driven by the plurality of electric push rods to perform various actions.

[0004] The shortcomings of the above prior art are:

[0005] 1. The hydraulic cylinders such as the columns and oil cylinders in the hydraulic support are all replaced by electric push rods, which drive the outer frame of the support to perform various actions. Since the electric push rods have low force and low output power, it is difficult for this training device to simulate heavy-load conditions;

[0006] 2. The training device cannot be connected to the hydraulic system and cannot realize the research and optimization of hydraulic control systems and hydraulic components;

[0007] 3. The load of the hydraulic platform cannot be adjusted, and it is difficult to simulate the load characteristics of the hydraulic system to realize the experiment and research of the matching control technology of different hydraulic systems;

[0008] 4. Its variable amplitude structure is complex, which is not convenient for single variable amplitude leveling control and double variable amplitude compound leveling control. The actual control process is complicated and inconvenient for practical training and teaching. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanical loading hydraulic training device and method. The hydraulic training device uses a double three-hinged point mechanism to adjust the angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane between ±θ° and load control.

[0010] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a mechanical loading hydraulic training device, comprising a base plate and a top bracket; the right end of the base plate is hinged to a fixed base I, the left end of the base plate is hinged to a base plate rotating cylinder, and the end of the base plate rotating cylinder away from the base plate is hinged to a fixed base II; the base plate rotating cylinder is connected to a balance valve II, and the working oil port A2 and the working oil port B2 of the balance valve II are connected to the hydraulic system; the lower end of the top bracket is hinged to the base plate, and a bracket flipping cylinder is hinged between the left end of the top bracket and the base plate; the bracket flipping cylinder is connected to a balance valve I, and the working oil port A1 and the working oil port B1 of the balance valve I are connected to the hydraulic system; a loading block is placed on the upper surface of the top bracket, and a loading cylinder for driving the loading block to move left and right is also fixed on the upper surface of the top bracket; the loading cylinder is connected to a two-way hydraulic lock, and the working oil port A3 and the working oil port B3 of the two-way hydraulic lock are connected to the hydraulic system.

[0011] It is further provided that: a tilt sensor is installed on the top bracket; the bracket flipping cylinder is connected to a displacement sensor III; the bottom plate rotating cylinder is connected to a displacement sensor I; and the loading cylinder is connected to a displacement sensor II.

[0012] The hydraulic system includes control valve I, control valve II and control valve III; control valve I is connected to balance valve I, control valve II is connected to balance valve II, and control valve III is connected to a two-way hydraulic lock; the inclination sensor, displacement sensor III, displacement sensor II and displacement sensor I are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller controls the connection of control valve I, control valve II and control valve III.

[0013] The base plate rotating cylinder has a rod cavity connected to a pressure sensor II, and the rodless cavity of the base plate rotating cylinder is connected to a pressure sensor III; the support flipping cylinder has a rod cavity connected to a pressure sensor, and the rodless cavity of the support flipping cylinder is connected to a pressure sensor I; the pressure sensor II, pressure sensor III, pressure sensor and pressure sensor I are electrically connected to a controller.

[0014] The right end of the base plate is hinged to the fixed base I at point A, the left end of the base plate is hinged to the base plate rotating cylinder at point D, and the base plate rotating cylinder is hinged to the fixed base II at point E; the lower end of the top bracket is hinged to the base plate at point B, the left end of the top bracket is hinged to the bracket flip cylinder at point F, and the bracket flip cylinder is hinged to the base plate at point C; the rotation axes of the hinge points A, B, C, D, E and F are parallel, the hinge points A and E are fixed hinge points, and the hinge points B, C, D and F are movable hinge points.

[0015] A mechanical loading hydraulic training method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Loading of the luffing system;

[0017] Mode 1: The inclination sensor detects the actual angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane, compares the top bracket angle with the target angle, calculates the deviation, and feeds back the angle deviation signal to the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve I, and the working oil of the hydraulic system flows through the control valve I to the balance valve I, and then enters the bracket flip cylinder; the piston rod of the bracket flip cylinder extends or retracts to adjust the angle of the top bracket until the top bracket angle is equal to the target angle;

[0018] Mode 2: The inclination sensor detects the actual angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane, compares the top bracket angle with the target angle, calculates the deviation, and feeds back the angle deviation signal to the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve II, and the working oil of the hydraulic system flows through the control valve II to the balance valve II, and then enters the bottom plate rotating cylinder; the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder extends or retracts to adjust the angle of the bottom plate, and then indirectly adjusts the angle of the top bracket until the top bracket angle is equal to the target angle;

[0019] Mode 1 is preferred. When mode 1 fails, mode 2 is used.

[0020] Loading of leveling system;

[0021] Mode 3: The controller sends a control signal, and the working oil of the hydraulic system passes through the control valve I and the balance valve I and enters the support tilting cylinder, so that the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder extends or retracts, thereby controlling the rotation of the top support to simulate the luffing process;

[0022] At the same time, the inclination sensor detects the actual angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane, and feeds the angle back to the controller as an angle deviation signal. The controller outputs a signal to the control valve II. The working oil of the hydraulic system passes through the control valve II and the balance valve II and enters the bottom plate rotating cylinder, so that the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder extends or retracts, indirectly adjusting the angle of the top bracket until the top bracket remains parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0023] Loading;

[0024] Mode 4: When the load of the product is different, the displacement of the loading cylinder is compared with the target displacement, the deviation is calculated, and the displacement deviation signal is input into the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve III, and the working oil of the hydraulic system enters the loading cylinder through the control valve III and the two-way hydraulic lock, so that the piston cylinder of the loading cylinder extends or retracts, pushing the loading block forward or backward on the top bracket, thereby changing the center of gravity position of the top bracket and the loading block as a whole, and adjusting the load capacity of the training device.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The bottom plate and the top bracket are combined into a double-variable three-hinged point mechanism through the three hinge points A, D, E and the three hinge points B, C, and F, so that the angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane can be changed between ±θ°. The structure is simple and easy to operate. The maximum angle θ between the top bracket and the horizontal plane is determined by the minimum installation distance between the bottom plate rotating cylinder and the bracket flipping cylinder and the shape of the top bracket.

[0027] (2) The double-luffing three-hinged point mechanism is driven by hydraulic cylinders and can be used in light and heavy load situations. In addition, different load capacities can be simulated through the adjustment structure of the loading cylinder and the loading block.

[0028] (3) This training device can be connected to different hydraulic system circuits through the A1 and B1 ports of the balancing valve I, the A2 and B2 ports of the balancing valve II, and the A3 and B3 ports of the two-way hydraulic lock to carry out hydraulic system design, component selection, performance optimization, and practical training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mechanical loading hydraulic training device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Switching flow chart for mode 1 and mode 2;

[0032] Figure 3 This is the flow chart of Mode 1;

[0033] Figure 4 This is the flow chart of Mode 2;

[0034] Figure 5 This is the flow chart of Mode 3;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a flowchart for Mode 4.

[0036] In the figure: 1.1-fixed base Ⅰ; 1.2-fixed base Ⅱ; 2-bottom plate; 3-top bracket; 4-loading cylinder; 5-bidirectional hydraulic lock; 6-loading block; 7-tilt sensor; 8-bracket flip cylinder; 9-displacement sensor Ⅲ; 9.1-displacement sensor Ⅰ; 9.2 displacement sensor Ⅱ; 10 pressure sensor Ⅳ; 10.1 pressure sensor Ⅰ; 10.2 pressure sensor Ⅱ; 10.3 pressure sensor Ⅲ; 11-balance valve Ⅰ; 12-bottom plate rotation cylinder; 13-balance valve Ⅱ. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a mechanical loading hydraulic training device, the fixed base Ⅰ1.1 and the fixed base Ⅱ1.2 are fixed parts, the right end of the bottom plate 2 is hinged to the fixed base Ⅰ1.1 at point A, the left end of the bottom plate 2 is hinged to the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12 at point D, and the other end of the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12 is hinged to the fixed base Ⅱ1.2 at point E. The rotation angle of the bottom plate 2 is controlled by the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12. The top bracket 3 is triangular, the lower end of the top bracket 3 is hinged to the bottom plate 2 at point B, the left end of the top bracket 3 is hinged to the bracket flip cylinder 8 at point F, and the other end of the bracket flip cylinder 8 is hinged to the bottom plate 2 at point C. The rotation angle of the top bracket 3 is controlled by the bracket flip cylinder 8. The rotation axes of hinge points A, B, C, D, E and F are parallel, hinge points A and E are fixed hinge points, hinge points B, C, D and F are movable hinge points, and the bottom plate and the top bracket are combined through the three hinge points A, D, E and the three hinge points B, C, F to form a double-leverage three-hinge mechanism.

[0040] A loading cylinder 4 is fixed on the upper surface of the top bracket 3, and a loading block 6 is placed on the upper surface of the top bracket 3 and connected to the loading block 6. The loading cylinder 4 controls the loading block 6 to move left and right, so as to control the load moment of the loading block 6 on the top bracket 3. The loading block 6 can be a weight of fixed weight.

[0041] The bottom plate rotating oil cylinder 12 is connected to the balance valve II 13, and the working oil port A2 and the working oil port B2 of the balance valve II 13 are connected to the hydraulic system. The bottom plate rotating oil cylinder 12 is connected to the displacement sensor I 9.1, and the extension distance of the bottom plate rotating oil cylinder 12 is detected by the displacement sensor I 9.1. The rod chamber of the bottom plate rotating oil cylinder 12 is connected to the pressure sensor II 10.2, and the rodless chamber of the bottom plate rotating oil cylinder 12 is connected to the pressure sensor III 10.3.

[0042] The support tilting oil cylinder 8 is connected to the balance valve Ⅰ11, and the working oil port A1 and the working oil port B1 of the balance valve Ⅰ11 are connected to the hydraulic system. The support tilting oil cylinder 8 is connected to the displacement sensor Ⅲ9, and the extension distance of the support tilting oil cylinder 8 is detected by the displacement sensor Ⅲ9. The rod cavity of the support tilting oil cylinder 8 is connected to the pressure sensor 10, and the rodless cavity of the support tilting oil cylinder 8 is connected to the pressure sensor Ⅰ10.1.

[0043] The loading cylinder 4 is connected to a two-way hydraulic lock 5, and the working oil port A3 and the working oil port B3 of the two-way hydraulic lock 5 are connected to the hydraulic system. The loading cylinder 4 is connected to a displacement sensor II 9.2, and the displacement sensor II 9.2 detects the extension distance of the loading cylinder 4 to confirm the position of the loading block 6.

[0044] An inclination sensor 7 is installed on the top bracket 3 , and the inclination sensor 7 detects the angle between the upper surface of the top bracket 3 and the horizontal plane.

[0045] The hydraulic system includes control valve I, control valve II and control valve III. Control valve I is connected to balance valve I11, control valve II is connected to balance valve II13, and control valve III is connected to two-way hydraulic lock 5. Inclination sensor 7, displacement sensor III9, displacement sensor II9.2 and displacement sensor I9.1 are electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the connection of control valve I, control valve II and control valve III. The controller is connected to a display for human-computer interaction. Pressure sensor II10.2, pressure sensor III10.3, pressure sensor 10 and pressure sensor I10.1 are also electrically connected to the controller to detect the inlet and outlet oil pressures of the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12 and the bracket flipping cylinder 8.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] A mechanical loading hydraulic training method, based on the above embodiment 1, adopts the following steps:

[0048] The loading of the luffing system includes mode 1 and mode 2;

[0049] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in mode 1, the inclination sensor 7 detects the actual angle between the top bracket 3 and the horizontal plane, compares the angle of the top bracket 3 with the target angle, calculates the deviation, and feeds back the angle deviation signal to the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve Ⅰ, and the working oil of the hydraulic system flows through the control valve Ⅰ to the balance valve Ⅰ11, and then enters the bracket flip cylinder 8; the piston rod of the bracket flip cylinder 8 extends or retracts to adjust the angle of the top bracket 3 until the angle of the top bracket 3 is equal to the target angle.

[0050] Combination Figure 4 As shown, in mode 2, the inclination sensor 7 detects the actual angle between the top bracket 3 and the horizontal plane, compares the angle of the top bracket 3 with the target angle, calculates the deviation, and feeds back the angle deviation signal to the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve II, and the working oil of the hydraulic system flows through the control valve II to the balance valve II 13, and then enters the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12; the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12 extends or retracts to adjust the angle of the bottom plate 2, and then indirectly adjusts the angle of the top bracket 3 until the angle of the top bracket 3 is equal to the target angle.

[0051] In mode 1 of this embodiment, the support tilting cylinder simulates the boom cylinder of an actual product. The piston rod of the support tilting cylinder is extended or retracted to change the angle of the top support, thereby simulating the change in the boom angle of an actual product. In mode 2, the bottom plate rotating cylinder simulates the boom cylinder of an actual product. The piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder is extended or retracted to change the angle of the bottom plate, thereby indirectly changing the angle of the top support, thereby simulating the change in the boom angle of an actual product. Figure 2 As shown, mode 1 is preferred for loading the boom cylinder on the training device. When mode 1 fails, mode 2 is selected.

[0052] The loading of the leveling system includes mode 3;

[0053] Combination Figure 5 As shown, in mode 3, the controller sends a control signal, and the working oil of the hydraulic system passes through the control valve I and the balance valve I11 and enters the support turning cylinder 8, so that the piston rod of the support turning cylinder 8 extends or retracts, thereby controlling the top support 3 to rotate, simulating the amplitude change process;

[0054] At the same time, the inclination sensor 7 detects the actual angle between the top bracket 3 and the horizontal plane, and feeds the angle back to the controller as an angle deviation signal. The controller outputs a signal to the control valve II. The working oil of the hydraulic system passes through the control valve II and the balance valve II 13 and enters the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12, so that the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder 12 is extended or retracted, thereby indirectly adjusting the angle of the top bracket 3 until the top bracket 3 remains parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0055] In mode 3 of this embodiment, the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder is extended first, and the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder is retracted later, or the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder is retracted first, and the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder is extended later. The support tilting cylinder and the bottom plate rotating cylinder act together on the double-bend three-hinged point mechanism to keep the top support level with the horizontal plane, thereby simulating the process of the support to keep horizontal during the product arm boom change, that is, the leveling process. At this time, the support tilting cylinder simulates the product boom cylinder, and the bottom plate rotating cylinder simulates the leveling cylinder.

[0056] The loading of the load includes mode 4;

[0057] Combination Figure 6 As shown, mode 4, when the load of the product is different, the displacement of the loading cylinder 4 is compared with the target displacement, the deviation is calculated, and the displacement deviation signal is input into the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve III, and the working oil of the hydraulic system enters the loading cylinder 4 through the control valve III and the two-way hydraulic lock 5, so that the piston cylinder of the loading cylinder 4 extends or retracts, pushing the loading block 6 forward or backward on the top bracket 3, thereby changing the center of gravity position of the top bracket 3 and the loading block 6 as a whole, and adjusting the load capacity of the training device.

[0058] In mode 4 of the present embodiment, the position of the loading block 6 on the top bracket 3 is controlled by the loading cylinder 4, thereby controlling the center of gravity position of the loading block 6 and the top bracket 3 as a whole, thereby simulating different load capacities of the training device.

[0059] Specific use process:

[0060] Loading of the luffing system:

[0061] Mode 1,

[0062] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the loading of variable-luffing lifting is simulated: the controller outputs a control signal to the control valve I, the working oil enters the A1 port of the balance valve I from the control valve I and flows to the rodless chamber of the support tilting cylinder, the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder extends, and the top support 3 rotates clockwise around the hinge point B; the hydraulic oil flows out of the rod chamber of the support tilting cylinder to the B1 port. The actual variable-luffing angle is detected by the inclination sensor on the top support and compared with the target angle in the controller, and the control signal is output to the control valve I through the control program to dynamically adjust the actual variable-luffing angle.

[0063] Simulate variable amplitude drop loading: The controller outputs a control signal to the control valve I. The working oil enters the B1 port of the balance valve I from the control valve I and flows to the rod chamber of the support flip cylinder. The piston rod of the support flip cylinder retracts, and the top bracket 3 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge point B. The hydraulic oil flows out of the rod chamber of the support flip cylinder to the A1 port. The actual amplitude angle is detected by the inclination sensor on the top bracket and compared with the target angle in the controller. The control signal is output to the control valve I through the control program to dynamically adjust the actual amplitude angle.

[0064] Mode 2,

[0065] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the loading of variable-luffing lifting is simulated: the controller outputs a control signal to the control valve II, the working oil enters the A2 port of the balance valve II from the control valve II and then flows to the rodless chamber of the support tilting cylinder, the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder extends, the top support 3 rotates clockwise around the hinge point B, and the hydraulic oil flows out of the rod chamber of the support tilting cylinder to the B2 port. The actual variable-luffing angle is detected by the inclination sensor on the top support and compared with the target angle in the controller, and the control signal is output to the control valve II through the control program to dynamically adjust the actual variable-luffing angle.

[0066] Simulate variable amplitude drop loading: The controller outputs a control signal to the control valve II. The working oil enters the B2 port of the balance valve II from the control valve II and then flows to the rod chamber of the support flip cylinder. The piston rod of the support flip cylinder retracts, and the top bracket 3 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge point B. The hydraulic oil flows out of the rod chamber of the support flip cylinder to the A2 port. The actual amplitude angle is detected by the inclination sensor on the top bracket and compared with the target angle in the controller. The control signal is output to the control valve II through the control program to dynamically adjust the actual amplitude angle.

[0067] Loading of the leveling system:

[0068] Mode 3,

[0069] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the leveling during variable-luffing lifting is simulated: the controller outputs a control signal to the control valve I, the working oil enters the A1 port of the balance valve I from the control valve I and then flows to the rodless chamber of the support tilting cylinder, the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder extends, the top support 3 rotates clockwise around the hinge point B, and the hydraulic oil flows out from the rod chamber of the support tilting cylinder to the B1 port, simulating the variable-luffing lifting process;

[0070] An inclination sensor is installed on the top bracket to detect the actual angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane, compare the top bracket angle with the target angle, calculate the deviation, and feed back the angle deviation signal to the controller. The controller outputs a signal to the control valve II, and the working oil flows through the control valve II to the B2 port of the balance valve II, and then enters the rod chamber of the bottom plate rotating cylinder to retract the piston rod of the bracket flipping cylinder, thereby indirectly adjusting the angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane. That is, the extension of the piston rod of the bracket flipping cylinder and the retraction of the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder act together on the double-length three-hinge mechanism to achieve the effect of keeping the top bracket level with the horizontal plane.

[0071] Simulate the leveling during luffing drop: the controller outputs a control signal to the control valve I, the working oil enters the B1 port of the balance valve I from the control valve I and then flows to the rodless chamber of the support tilting cylinder, the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder retracts, the top support 3 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge point B, and the hydraulic oil flows out from the rodless chamber of the support tilting cylinder to the A1 port, simulating the luffing drop process;

[0072] An inclination sensor is installed on the top bracket to detect the actual angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane, compare the top bracket angle with the target angle, calculate the deviation, and feed back the angle deviation signal to the controller. The controller outputs a signal to the control valve II. The working oil flows through the control valve II to the A2 port of the balance valve II and then enters the rodless chamber of the bottom plate rotating cylinder, so that the piston rod of the bracket flipping cylinder is extended, thereby indirectly adjusting the angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane. That is, the retraction of the piston rod of the bracket flipping cylinder and the extension of the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder act together on the double-length three-hinge mechanism to achieve the goal of keeping the top bracket level with the horizontal plane.

[0073] The bottom plate and the top bracket of the present invention are combined into a double-variable three-hinged point mechanism through the three hinge points A, D, E and the three hinge points B, C, F, which are driven by two hydraulic cylinders, the bottom plate rotating cylinder and the bracket flipping cylinder, so that the angle between the top bracket and the horizontal plane can be changed between ±θ°. At the same time, variable weights in different positions are used for mechanical loading to simulate different load capacities. It can be used as a hydraulic training device to simulate the actual load under working conditions such as the boom variation of lifting machinery equipment, the leveling of the working bucket of aerial work vehicles, and frog-type outriggers. Different hydraulic system circuits can be matched through the balance valve I, balance valve II and two-way hydraulic lock to carry out hydraulic system design, component selection and performance optimization design research, which is also convenient for practical training.

[0074] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A mechanical loading hydraulic training device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate (2) and a top bracket (3); the right end of the bottom plate (2) is hinged to a fixed base I (1.1); the left end of the bottom plate (2) is hinged to a bottom plate rotating oil cylinder (12); the end of the bottom plate rotating oil cylinder (12) away from the bottom plate (2) is hinged to a fixed base II (1.2); the bottom plate rotating oil cylinder (12) is connected to a balancing valve II (13); the working oil port A2 and the working oil port B2 of the balancing valve II (13) are connected to a hydraulic system; the lower end of the top bracket (3) is hinged to the bottom plate (2); the left end of the top bracket (3) is hinged to the bottom plate (1 A support tilting cylinder (8) is hingedly connected between the plates (2); the support tilting cylinder (8) is connected to a balance valve I (11); the working oil port A1 and the working oil port B1 of the balance valve I (11) are connected to a hydraulic system; a loading block (6) is placed on the upper surface of the top support (3); a loading cylinder (4) for driving the loading block (6) to move left and right is also fixed on the upper surface of the top support (3); the loading cylinder (4) is connected to a bidirectional hydraulic lock (5); the working oil port A3 and the working oil port B3 of the bidirectional hydraulic lock (5) are connected to the hydraulic system.

2. A mechanical loading hydraulic training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top bracket (3) is provided with an inclination sensor (7); the bracket tilting cylinder (8) is connected to a displacement sensor III (9); the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12) is connected to a displacement sensor I (9.1); and the loading cylinder (4) is connected to a displacement sensor II (9.2).

3. A mechanical loading hydraulic training device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic system comprises a control valve I, a control valve II and a control valve III; the control valve I is connected to a balancing valve I (11), the control valve II is connected to a balancing valve II (13), and the control valve III is connected to a two-way hydraulic lock (5); the inclination sensor (7), the displacement sensor III (9), the displacement sensor II (9.2) and the displacement sensor I (9.1) are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller controls the connection of the control valve I, the control valve II and the control valve III.

4. A mechanical loading hydraulic training device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base plate rotating cylinder (12) has a rod cavity connected to a pressure sensor II (10.2), and the base plate rotating cylinder (12) has a rodless cavity connected to a pressure sensor III (10.3); the support tilting cylinder (8) has a rod cavity connected to a pressure sensor IV (10), and the support tilting cylinder (8) has a rodless cavity connected to a pressure sensor I (10.1); the pressure sensor II (10.2), the pressure sensor III (10.3), the pressure sensor IV (10) and the pressure sensor I (10.1) are electrically connected to a controller.

5. The mechanical loading hydraulic training device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The right end of the bottom plate (2) is hinged to the fixed base I (1.1) at point A, the left end of the bottom plate (2) is hinged to the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12) at point D, and the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12) is hinged to the fixed base II (1.2) at point E; the lower end of the top bracket (3) is hinged to the bottom plate (2) at point B, the left end of the top bracket (3) is hinged to the bracket tilting cylinder (8) at point F, and the bracket tilting cylinder (8) is hinged to the bottom plate (2) at point C; the rotation axes of the hinge points A, B, C, D, E and F are parallel, the hinge points A and E are fixed hinge points, and the hinge points B, C, D and F are movable hinge points.

6. A mechanical loading hydraulic training method, using a mechanical loading hydraulic training device as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Loading of the luffing system; Mode 1: The inclination sensor (7) detects the actual angle between the top bracket (3) and the horizontal plane, compares the angle of the top bracket (3) with the target angle, calculates the deviation, and feeds back the angle deviation signal to the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve I, and the working oil of the hydraulic system flows through the control valve I to the balance valve I (11), and then enters the bracket tilting cylinder (8); the piston rod of the bracket tilting cylinder (8) extends or retracts to adjust the angle of the top bracket (3) until the angle of the top bracket (3) is equal to the target angle; Mode 2: The inclination sensor (7) detects the actual angle between the top support (3) and the horizontal plane, compares the angle of the top support (3) with the target angle, calculates the deviation, and feeds back the angle deviation signal to the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve II, and the working oil of the hydraulic system flows through the control valve II to the balance valve II (13), and then enters the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12); the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12) extends or retracts to adjust the angle of the bottom plate (2), thereby indirectly adjusting the angle of the top support (3), until the angle of the top support (3) is equal to the target angle; Mode 1 is preferred. When mode 1 fails, mode 2 is used.

7. A mechanical loading hydraulic training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Loading of leveling system; Mode 3: The controller sends a control signal, and the working oil of the hydraulic system passes through the control valve I and the balance valve I (11) and enters the support tilting cylinder (8), so that the piston rod of the support tilting cylinder (8) extends or retracts, thereby controlling the rotation of the top support (3) to simulate the amplitude change process; At the same time, the inclination sensor (7) detects the actual angle between the top support (3) and the horizontal plane, and feeds the angle back to the controller as an angle deviation signal. The controller outputs a signal to the control valve II, and the working oil of the hydraulic system passes through the control valve II and the balance valve II (13) and enters the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12), so that the piston rod of the bottom plate rotating cylinder (12) extends or retracts, thereby indirectly adjusting the angle of the top support (3) until the top support (3) remains parallel to the horizontal plane.

8. A mechanical loading hydraulic training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Loading; Mode 4: When the load of the product is different, the displacement of the loading cylinder (4) is compared with the target displacement, the deviation is calculated, and the displacement deviation signal is input into the controller; the controller outputs a signal to the control valve III, and the working oil of the hydraulic system enters the loading cylinder (4) through the control valve III and the two-way hydraulic lock (5), so that the piston cylinder of the loading cylinder (4) extends or retracts, pushing the loading block (6) forward or backward on the top bracket (3), thereby changing the center of gravity position of the top bracket (3) and the loading block (6) as a whole, and adjusting the load capacity of the training device.

Images