A disk-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of transmission technology in mechanical engineering, and specifically to a disc-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs, which is composed of a permanent magnet disc assembly I, a permanent magnet disc assembly II and a magnetic adjustment device. The magnetic adjustment device is installed between the permanent magnet disc assembly I and the permanent magnet disc assembly II. The magnetic adjustment device includes magnetic adjustment pole pieces and a magnetic adjustment block bracket, and the magnetic adjustment pole pieces are fixedly installed on the bracket in a matching manner. The permanent magnet part is cast into a frustum shape and magnetized radially. At the same time, a permanent magnet sleeve made of soft magnetic material is sleeved at the end of the permanent magnet to reduce magnetic leakage. A small bevel gear is connected to a part of the permanent magnet sleeve and meshes with a large bevel gear sleeve. When the large bevel gear rotates relatively, the equivalent pole pairs of the permanent magnet disc can be changed, thereby changing the transmission ratio of the disc-type magnetic gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transmission technology in mechanical engineering, and is a non-contact transmission method. Specifically, it is a disk-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs. It can change the magnetism of the surface facing the magnetic field modulation device by rotating a permanent magnet, thereby changing the equivalent pole pairs of the permanent magnets of the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the permanent magnet disk assembly II, and realizing the change of the transmission ratio. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the proposal and development of new permanent magnet materials such as neodymium iron boron, the magnetic drive structure has also made great progress. For example, magnetic couplings and magnetic gears have been proposed to replace traditional speed regulation equipment, and magnetic gears can be applied to permanent magnet synchronous motors.

[0003] Mechanical gears are usually used in the field of industrial transmission. However, during operation, frictional wear and overheating will occur. In addition, under overload conditions, it is easily damaged and requires lubrication and regular maintenance. In recent years, with the development of permanent magnet materials, the structure of magnetic gears has been proposed to replace traditional speed regulation equipment. The emergence of magnetic gears has greatly changed the above situation. Compared with mechanical gears, magnetic gears have significant potential advantages, such as reducing noise and overload protection.

[0004] The literature "Design and Analysis of Electromagnetic Gears With Variable Gear Ratios" published in the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS journal proposed an electromagnetic gear with a variable transmission ratio. By appropriately exciting the DC magnetic field winding, different pole pairs or transmission ratios can be obtained, and at the same time, its transmitted torque can be adjusted according to different applications. At the same time, compared with traditional mechanical variable-speed gears, it has the advantage of overload protection. However, in recent literature, there is no research on the variable transmission ratio of axial magnetic gears, and the literature mostly focuses on changing magnetism by electromagnetic excitation and does not consider from the mechanical structure.

[0005] The literature "Mechanical Variable Magnetic Gear Transmission: Concept and Preliminary Research" published in the IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS journal proposed a coaxial magnetic gear with a mechanical variable transmission ratio, without discussing the relevant disk-type magnetic gear structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a disc-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs, which can change the magnetism of the permanent magnet facing the magnetic field adjustment device by rotating the permanent magnet. After the closely arranged small permanent magnet blocks with the same magnetism are equivalent to a large permanent magnet block, the equivalent pole pairs of the permanent magnet disc can be obtained. At the same time, by changing the equivalent pole pairs of the permanent magnet disc assembly I and the permanent magnet disc assembly II, the transmission ratio of the magnetic gear can be changed. Grooves are provided in both the driving and driven disc yokes, and frustum-shaped permanent magnets can be inserted into them. At the same time, sleeves are sleeved on the ends of the permanent magnets to reduce magnetic leakage. Small bevel gears are connected to some of the sleeves and can rotate by meshing with the large bevel gear sleeves, thereby driving the permanent magnets to rotate.

[0007] A disc-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs is composed of a permanent magnet disc assembly I, a permanent magnet disc assembly II and a magnetic field adjustment device. The permanent magnet disc assembly I includes a driving disc yoke, a permanent magnet I, a small bevel gear, a permanent magnet I sleeve, a driving shaft, a large bevel gear sleeve, a small bevel gear rotating bracket and an aluminum alloy bracket. The permanent magnet I is embedded in the driving disc yoke to form a driving permanent magnet disc. The driving permanent magnet disc is connected to the driving shaft by a key. A permanent magnet I sleeve is sleeved on the end of the permanent magnet I. There are protrusions in the permanent magnet I sleeve that can cooperate with the grooves at the end of the permanent magnet I to be used as a spline to transmit torque. The permanent magnet sleeve that needs to rotate is connected to the small bevel gear shaft by a key. The small bevel gear shaft is also connected with a small bevel gear by a key. The small bevel gear meshes with the large bevel gear sleeve, and the large bevel gear sleeve is connected to the driving shaft. At the same time, in order to reduce the force required for the rotation of the permanent magnet I, an aluminum alloy bracket is welded in the groove of the driving disc yoke where the permanent magnet I that needs to rotate is embedded. And a small bevel gear rotating bracket is connected to the back of the driving disc yoke by screws to support the small bevel gear, so that the small bevel gear can rotate around the axis of the permanent magnet I.

[0008] The permanent magnet disc assembly I, the permanent magnet disc assembly II and the magnetic field adjustment device are coaxially installed. The magnetic field adjustment device is installed between the permanent magnet disc assembly I and the permanent magnet disc assembly II and has no contact with the permanent magnet disc assembly I and the permanent magnet disc assembly II. The magnetic field adjustment device is fixed to the external base by bolts on the outer ring. There is a gap of 2-4 mm between the permanent magnet disc assembly I and the magnetic field adjustment device, and a gap of 2-4 mm between the magnetic field adjustment device and the permanent magnet disc assembly II.

[0009] The magnetic field adjustment device includes magnetic field adjustment pole pieces and magnetic field adjustment pole piece brackets, and the magnetic field adjustment pole pieces are fixed by the magnetic field adjustment pole piece brackets.

[0010] The permanent magnet disk assembly II includes a driven disk yoke, permanent magnet II, a small bevel gear, a permanent magnet II sleeve, a driven shaft, a large bevel gear sleeve, a small bevel gear rotating bracket, and an aluminum alloy bracket. Permanent magnet II is embedded in the driven disk yoke to form the driven permanent magnet disk, which is keyed to the driven shaft. The driven permanent magnet disk is keyed to a permanent magnet sleeve II at the end of permanent magnet II. This sleeve features a protrusion that mates with a groove at the end of permanent magnet II to form a spline for torque transmission. The rotating permanent magnet sleeve II is keyed to the small bevel gear shaft. The small bevel gear shaft is also keyed to a small bevel gear. The small bevel gear meshes with the large bevel gear sleeve, which is then connected to the driven shaft. To reduce the force required to rotate permanent magnet II, an aluminum alloy bracket is welded into the slot in the driven disk yoke where the rotating permanent magnet II is embedded. A small bevel gear rotating bracket is connected to the back of the driven disc yoke through screws to support the small bevel gear, so that the small bevel gear can rotate around the axis of the permanent magnet II.

[0011] The number of magnetic pole pieces is n s , n s It is equal to the sum of the number of pole pairs p1 of permanent magnet disk assembly I and the number of pole pairs p2 of permanent magnet disk assembly II.

[0012] The permanent magnets are cast into a truncated cone shape, radially magnetized, and arranged according to a specific pattern into the slots of the driving and driven disk yokes. Soft magnetic sleeves are placed around the ends of the permanent magnets to reduce magnetic flux leakage. The permanent magnets are fully embedded in the grooves of the yokes. The yokes of the driving and driven disks are made of soft magnetic material, which effectively enhances the axial flux density in the working air gap and improves the transmitted torque.

[0013] It can drive the small bevel gear to rotate through the large bevel gear sleeve on the shaft, thereby driving the permanent magnet connected to the permanent magnet sleeve to rotate, changing its facing magnetic properties, so that the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet disk assembly can be changed, that is, the transmission ratio of the disc magnetic gear can be changed.

[0014] The structure that enables relative rotation of the frustum-shaped permanent magnets is as follows: The permanent magnet disk is connected to the shaft via a key, and a cylindrical pin is mounted on a push block. The pin on the push block engages with the oblique groove wall of the large bevel gear sleeve and the straight groove wall of the shaft, pushing the push block left and right, simultaneously driving the large bevel gear sleeve to rotate. This causes the small bevel gear meshing with the large bevel gear sleeve to rotate, driving some of the permanent magnets to rotate as well.

[0015] The present invention can utilize the non-contact characteristics of magnetic gears to achieve a compact variable transmission mechanism. By using a bevel gear structure, a magnetic transmission is proposed. Several studies have achieved this idea by replacing permanent magnets with charged coils with alternating pole directions, or by magnetizing or demagnetizing permanent magnets using magnetized windings. Although previous studies have achieved variable transmission, they still require a large amount of resources to maintain the magnetization of the solenoid and cannot be defined as a pure variable transmission mechanism. There are also studies that have proposed a transmission method by rotating an external magnet and changing the number of ferromagnetic sheets by linearly moving a pole-changing pole piece ring, but this occupies a large volume.

[0016] The present invention can achieve a speed change function in a compact space and does not require continuous additional energy consumption. The overall framework of the proposed mechanism is based on the existing disk-type magnetic gear design, but it uses multiple radially magnetized frustum-shaped magnets instead of traditional sector-shaped magnets. The proposed transmission can mechanically rotate each magnet through a gear train. According to the rotation angle of each magnet, different transmission ratios can be obtained. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working principle and structural section of a disk-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs for an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 1 / 4 sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of a disk-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs for an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the engagement of a large bevel gear sleeve and a small bevel gear and the installation of the small bevel gear and the permanent magnet sleeve for an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation positions of the rotating bracket of the small bevel gear and the aluminum alloy bracket of the disk-type magnetic gear for an embodiment. Figure a shows the installation position of the bevel gear rotating bracket, and Figure b shows the schematic diagram of the aluminum alloy installation position.

[0022] Figure 5 Permanent magnet disk and equivalent model of the disk-type magnetic gear for an embodiment. Figure a shows the initial magnetic orientation of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet disk assembly I, which can be equivalent to a 2-pole magnetic gear at this time. Figure b shows the initial magnetic orientation of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet disk assembly II, which can be equivalent to a 6-pole magnetic gear at this time. At this time, the disk-type magnetic transmission ratio is 2:6.

[0023] Figure 6The permanent magnet disk and equivalent model of the disk-type magnetic gear in the embodiment, where Figure a shows the magnetic orientation after the rotation of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet disk assembly I, and at this time, it can be equivalently regarded as a 5-pole magnetic gear. Figure b shows the magnetic orientation after the rotation of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet disk assembly II, and at this time, it can be equivalently regarded as a 3-pole magnetic gear. At this time, the disk-type magnetic transmission ratio is 5:3.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permanent magnet disk assembly I of the disk-type magnetic gear in the embodiment.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permanent magnet disk assembly II of the disk-type magnetic gear in the embodiment.

[0026] Figure 9 Two-dimensional schematic diagram of the permanent magnet arrangement of the permanent magnet disk assemblies I and II of the disk-type magnetic gear in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the frustum-shaped permanent magnet cooperating with the sleeve in the embodiment. Among them, Figure a is the cooperation diagram of the normal frustum-shaped permanent magnet and the sleeve, and Figure b is the schematic diagram of the frustum-shaped permanent magnet that needs to rotate cooperating with the small bevel gear sleeve.

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the frustum-shaped permanent magnet in the embodiment with radial magnetization.

[0029] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permanent magnet sleeve in the embodiment. Among them, Figure a is the normal sleeve, and Figure b is the sleeve of the permanent magnet that needs to rotate.

[0030] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the magnetic adjustment device in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the magnetic adjustment pole piece structure in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the push block in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the large bevel gear sleeve in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the driving shaft and the driven shaft in the embodiment.

[0035] 1 - Push block 2 - Cylindrical pin 3 - Large bevel gear sleeve 4 - Small bevel gear 5 - Permanent magnet I sleeve 6 - Magnetic adjustment device

[0036] 7 - Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 8 - Driving Disk Yoke 9 - Key 10 - Small Bevel Gear 11 - Sleeve of Permanent Magnet Ⅱ 12 - Permanent Magnet Ⅱ 13 - Driven Disk Yoke 14 - Sleeve of Large Bevel Gear 15 - Key 16 - Straight Keyway 17 - Tapered Keyway 18 - Aluminum Alloy Bracket 19 - Rotating Bracket of Small Bevel Gear 20 - Driving Shaft 21 - Driven Shaft 22 - Bush 23 - Rotating Shaft of Small Bevel Gear 24 - Rotating Bracket of Small Bevel Gear 25 - Aluminum Alloy Bracket 26 - Rotating Shaft of Small Bevel Gear 27 - Cylindrical Pin 28 - Pusher 29 - Key 30 - Key 61 - Magnetic Pole Adjusting Plate 62 - Bracket of Magnetic Pole Adjusting Plate 63 - Rivet 64 - Screw Hole. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0037] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, this structure is composed of Permanent Magnet Disk Assembly Ⅰ, Permanent Magnet Disk Assembly Ⅱ, and magnetic field adjusting device 6. Permanent Magnet Disk Assembly Ⅰ includes pusher 1, cylindrical pin 2, sleeve of large bevel gear 3, small bevel gear 4, sleeve of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 5, Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 7, driving disk yoke 8, key 9, driving shaft 20, aluminum alloy bracket 18, rotating bracket of small bevel gear 19, and rotating shaft of small bevel gear 23; Permanent Magnet Disk Assembly Ⅱ includes pusher 28, cylindrical pin 27, sleeve of large bevel gear 14, small bevel gear 10, sleeve of Permanent Magnet Ⅱ 11, Permanent Magnet Ⅱ 12, driven disk yoke 13, key 15, driven shaft 21, aluminum alloy bracket 25, rotating bracket of small bevel gear 24, and rotating shaft of small bevel gear 26.

[0038] Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 7 is embedded in driving disk yoke 8 to form a driving permanent magnet disk. The driving permanent magnet disk is connected to driving shaft 20 through key 9. A sleeve of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 5 is sleeved at the end of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 7. There are protrusions in the sleeve of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 5 that can cooperate with the grooves at the end of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 7 to be used as splines to transmit torque. A small bevel gear 4 is connected to the sleeve of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 5 that needs to rotate. Small bevel gear 4 meshes with sleeve of large bevel gear 3, and sleeve of large bevel gear 3 is connected to driving shaft 20. The frustum-shaped aluminum alloy bracket 18 is connected to the slot of driving disk yoke 8 of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ that needs to rotate by welding to reduce the force required for the rotation of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 7. The rotating bracket of small bevel gear 19 is connected to driving disk yoke 8 by screws to support small bevel gear 4, so that small bevel gear 4 can rotate around the axis of Permanent Magnet Ⅰ 7.

[0039] The permanent magnet II 12 is embedded in the driven disk yoke 13 to form a driven permanent magnet disk. The driven permanent magnet disk is connected to the driven shaft 21 through a key 15. A permanent magnet sleeve II 11 is sleeved at the end of the permanent magnet II 12. There are protrusions in the permanent magnet II sleeve 11 that can cooperate with the grooves at the end of the permanent magnet II 12 to be used as splines to transmit torque. A small bevel gear 10 is connected to the rotatable permanent magnet II sleeve 11. The small bevel gear 10 meshes with the large bevel gear sleeve 14, and the large bevel gear sleeve 14 is connected to the driven shaft 21. The frustum-shaped aluminum alloy bracket 25 is connected by welding to the groove of the driven disk yoke 13 of the rotatable permanent magnet II 12 to reduce the force required for the rotation of the permanent magnet II 12. The small bevel gear rotating bracket 24 is connected to the driven disk yoke 13 by screws to support the small bevel gear 10, enabling the small bevel gear 10 to rotate around the axis of the permanent magnet II 12.

[0040] The installation methods of the permanent magnet sleeve and the small bevel gear in the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the permanent magnet disk assembly II are the same, as well as the installation method of the aluminum alloy bracket in the yoke iron disk, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown.

[0041] Taking the permanent magnet disk assembly I as an example, it can be seen in Figure 3 that after the large bevel gear sleeve 3 meshes with the small bevel gear 4, the small bevel gear 4 can rotate around the axis of the frustum-shaped permanent magnet I 7. The small bevel gear 4 is connected to the small bevel gear rotating shaft 23 through a key 29, and the small bevel gear rotating shaft 23 is connected to the permanent magnet I sleeve 5 through a key 30. The small bevel gear rotating bracket 19 is connected to the driving disk yoke 8 by screws to support the small bevel gear 4 to rotate around the axis of the permanent magnet I 7. The large bevel gear sleeve 3 and the small bevel gear rotating bracket 19 are separated by a bushing 22. Figure 4 Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the permanent magnet I 7 and the driving yoke iron disk 8. The permanent magnet I 7 is directly embedded in the driving yoke iron disk 8. Diagram a shows that the small bevel gear rotating bracket 19 is connected to the driving yoke iron disk 8 by screws, and diagram b shows that a frustum-shaped aluminum alloy bracket 18 is welded to some of the grooves of the driving disk yoke 8 of the part of the rotatable permanent magnet I 7 to reduce the suction force for easy rotation.

[0042] As Figure 5 shown, where diagram a is the initial magnetic direction of the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet disk assembly I. At this time, the permanent magnet disk assembly I can be equivalent to a 2-pole permanent magnet disk. Diagram b is the initial magnetic direction of the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet disk assembly II. At this time, the permanent magnet disk assembly can be equivalent to a 6-pole permanent magnet disk. Therefore, the transmission ratio of the disk-type magnetic gear at this time is 2:6.

[0043] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, Figure a shows the magnetic direction after a specific permanent magnet in the permanent magnet disk assembly I rotates 180°. At this time, the permanent magnet disk assembly I can be equivalently regarded as a five-pole permanent magnet disk. Figure b shows the magnetic direction after a specific permanent magnet in the permanent magnet disk assembly II rotates 180°. At this time, it can be equivalently regarded as a three-pole permanent magnet disk. Therefore, after the specific permanent magnet rotates, the transmission ratio of this disk-type magnetic gear is 5:3.

[0044] In this embodiment, by simultaneously pushing the push block 1 and the push block 28 to change the orientation of the permanent magnets, the conversion between the transmission ratios of 5:3 and 2:6 can be achieved.

[0045] As Figure 7 shown, it is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the permanent magnet disk assembly II. When the permanent magnet disk assembly I rotates, due to the modulation magnetic field coupling effect, the permanent magnet disk assembly II is driven to rotate. At this time, since the driven disk yoke 13 and the driven shaft 21 are connected by a key 15 to transmit torque, the rotation of the driven shaft 21 is driven. The permanent magnet II 12 is embedded in the driven yoke disk 13, and a permanent magnet II sleeve 11 made of soft magnetic material is sleeved at the end of the permanent magnet II 12 to reduce the end leakage magnetic flux. Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the permanent magnet disk assembly I. The permanent magnet I 7 is embedded in the active disk yoke 8 to form a permanent magnet disk. The active shaft 20 drives the active permanent magnet disk to rotate through a key 9. At this time, due to the modulation magnetic field coupling effect, the driven permanent magnet disk on the permanent magnet disk assembly II is driven to rotate. A permanent magnet I sleeve 5 made of soft magnetic material is sleeved at the end of the permanent magnet I 7 in the permanent magnet disk assembly I to reduce the end leakage magnetic flux. The cylindrical pin 2 is installed on the push block 1. The inclined keyway 17 of the large bevel gear sleeve 3 and the straight keyway 16 of the active shaft 20 are in contact with the cylindrical pin 2, which can quickly push the push block 1 to move left and right, thereby driving the large bevel gear sleeve 3 to rotate, and then driving the meshing small bevel gear 4 to rotate. At this time, part of the permanent magnet I sleeve 5 connected to the small bevel gear 4 will rotate, driving the permanent magnet I 7 to rotate and change the facing magnetic direction. Similarly, pushing the push block 28 in the permanent magnet disk assembly II can rotate and change the magnetic direction of part of the permanent magnet II 12.

[0046] As Figure 9As shown in the figure, in Figure a, it is the permanent magnet arrangement of the permanent magnet disk assembly I. There are a total of 20 frustum-shaped permanent magnets I7. Among them, for 10 permanent magnets I7 numbered 1, 2, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 19, a permanent magnet I sleeve 5 connecting the small bevel gear 4 is used, and a frustum-shaped aluminum alloy bracket 18 is welded in the groove of the active disk yoke 8 to reduce the force required for rotation. Therefore, the magnetism can be changed by rotation. Figure b is the permanent magnet disk assembly II. There are a total of 24 frustum-shaped permanent magnets II12. Among them, for 12 permanent magnets II12 numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 17, 18, 19, and 20, a permanent magnet II sleeve 11 connecting the small bevel gear 10 is used, and a frustum-shaped aluminum alloy bracket 25 is welded in the groove of the driven disk yoke 13 to reduce the force required for rotation. Therefore, the magnetism can be changed by rotation.

[0047] It can be seen in Figures 10 to 12 that the permanent magnet I7 is cast into a frustum shape and radially magnetized. A groove is provided at the end of the permanent magnet I7, and a protrusion is provided in the permanent magnet sleeve I5. Therefore, the permanent magnet sleeve I5 can be used as a spline to transmit torque, and part of the permanent magnet sleeve I5 is connected to the small bevel gear 4 at the back. Similarly, the permanent magnet II12 and the permanent magnet II sleeve 11 also adopt this kind of cooperation.

[0048] Figure 13 and Figure 14 are the magnetic field adjustment device 6 and the magnetic field adjustment pole piece 61 respectively. The magnetic field adjustment device bracket 62 can surround and completely fix the magnetic field adjustment pole piece 61. The material of the magnetic field adjustment pole piece 61 is selected as silicon steel sheet or soft magnetic material and manufactured by sheet stacking or casting process. The magnetic field adjustment device bracket 62 and the outer frame part of the magnetic field adjustment device are made of non-magnetic materials.

[0049] Figures 15 to 17 is the three-dimensional mechanism diagram of the push block, the large bevel gear sleeve and the shaft. The push block 1 is connected to the inclined key groove 17 of the large bevel gear sleeve 3 and the straight key groove 16 on the driving shaft 20 through the cylindrical pin 2. When the push block 1 is pushed to move left and right, the large bevel gear sleeve 3 will rotate relative to the driving shaft 20. Therefore, it will drive the large bevel gear sleeve 3 and the small bevel gear 4 to form a rotational motion. Since the small bevel gear 4 transmits torque through the permanent magnet I sleeve 5, it can drive some of the permanent magnets I7 to change the magnetic direction of the opposite side, and then change the equivalent number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet disk assembly I. Similarly, the push block 28 can change the magnetic direction of the opposite side of the permanent magnet II12 and change the equivalent number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet disk assembly II. Changing the number of pole pairs of both at the same time can change the transmission ratio of the disk-type magnetic gear.

Claims

1. A disk-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs, which is composed of a permanent magnet disk assembly I, a permanent magnet disk assembly II and a magnetic field adjustment device; the permanent magnet disk assembly I, the permanent magnet disk assembly II and the magnetic field adjustment device are coaxially installed, and the magnetic field adjustment device is installed between the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the permanent magnet disk assembly II and has no contact with the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the permanent magnet disk assembly II. It is characterized in that, Among them, the permanent magnet disk assembly I includes an active disk yoke, permanent magnet I, a small bevel gear, a permanent magnet I sleeve, an active shaft, a large bevel gear sleeve, a small bevel gear rotating bracket, and an aluminum alloy bracket. The permanent magnets are embedded in the yoke iron disk to form a permanent magnet disk; the permanent magnet I is embedded in the active disk yoke to form an active permanent magnet disk. The active permanent magnet disk is connected to the active shaft by a key. A permanent magnet I sleeve is sleeved at the end of the permanent magnet I. There are protrusions in the permanent magnet I sleeve that can cooperate with the grooves at the end of the permanent magnet I to use a spline to transmit torque. The permanent magnet sleeve that needs to rotate is connected to the small bevel gear rotating shaft by a key. The small bevel gear rotating shaft is also connected with a small bevel gear by a key. The small bevel gear meshes with the large bevel gear sleeve, and the large bevel gear sleeve is connected to the active shaft; the permanent magnet disk assembly II includes a driven disk yoke, permanent magnet II, a small bevel gear, a permanent magnet II sleeve, a driven shaft, a large bevel gear sleeve, a small bevel gear rotating bracket, and an aluminum alloy bracket; The permanent magnet II is embedded in the driven disk yoke to form a driven permanent magnet disk. The driven permanent magnet disk is connected to the driven shaft by a key. A permanent magnet sleeve II is sleeved at the end of the permanent magnet II. There are protrusions in the permanent magnet II sleeve that can cooperate with the grooves at the end of the permanent magnet II to use a spline to transmit torque. The permanent magnet II sleeve that needs to rotate is connected to the small bevel gear rotating shaft by a key. The small bevel gear rotating shaft is also connected with a small bevel gear by a key. The small bevel gear meshes with the large bevel gear sleeve, and the large bevel gear sleeve is connected to the driven shaft; The magnetic field adjustment device includes magnetic field adjustment pole pieces and a magnetic field adjustment pole piece bracket. The magnetic field adjustment pole pieces are fixed by the magnetic field adjustment pole piece bracket; By rotating the permanent magnets, the magnetism of the surface of the permanent magnets facing the magnetic field adjustment device is changed. After equivalent small permanent magnet blocks with the same magnetism arranged closely are regarded as a large permanent magnet block, the equivalent number of magnetic pole pairs of the permanent magnet disk is obtained; At the same time, by changing the equivalent number of magnetic pole pairs of the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the permanent magnet disk assembly II, the transmission ratio of the magnetic force gear can be changed.

2. The disk-type magnetic gear with variable number of pole pairs according to claim 1, wherein The magnetic field adjustment device is fixed to the external base by bolts on the outer ring; There is a 2 - 4 mm gap between the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the magnetic field adjustment device, and a 2 - 4 mm gap between the magnetic field adjustment device and the permanent magnet disk assembly II.

3. The disk-type magnetic gear with variable number of pole pairs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In order to reduce the force required for the rotation of the permanent magnet I, an aluminum alloy bracket is welded in the groove of the active disk yoke where the permanent magnet I to be rotated is embedded, and a small bevel gear rotating bracket is connected by screws behind the active disk yoke to support the small bevel gear, so that the small bevel gear rotates around the axis of the permanent magnet I.

4. The disk-type magnetic gear with variable number of pole pairs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In order to reduce the force required for the rotation of the permanent magnet II, an aluminum alloy bracket is welded in the groove of the driven disk yoke where the permanent magnet II to be rotated is embedded, and a small bevel gear rotating bracket is connected by screws behind the driven disk yoke to support the small bevel gear, so that the small bevel gear rotates around the axis of the permanent magnet II.

5. A disk-type magnetic gear with variable number of pole pairs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of magnetic pole adjusting pieces is , equal to the sum of the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet disk assembly I and the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet disk assembly II .

6. The disk-type magnetic gear with variable number of pole pairs according to claim 1, wherein : The cylindrical pin is installed on the push block, and the cylindrical pin on the push block is in contact and cooperation with the inclined groove wall of the large bevel gear sleeve and the straight groove wall of the active shaft or the driven shaft, which can push the push block to move left and right and drive the large bevel gear to rotate. At this time, the small bevel gear meshing with the large bevel gear sleeve will drive the permanent magnet to rotate to change the magnetism of the original surface facing the magnetic field adjustment device. When it rotates to a specific position, the cylindrical pin can be pressed to fix it.

7. A disk-type magnetic gear with variable pole pairs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is cast into a frustum shape and radially magnetized, and a groove is provided at the end of the permanent magnet. A protrusion is provided in the permanent magnet sleeve. The permanent magnet sleeve is used as a spline to transmit torque. The permanent magnet that needs to rotate is connected with a small bevel gear behind the permanent magnet sleeve.

8. A disk-type magnetic gear with variable number of pole pairs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic adjustment device bracket completely fixes and surrounds the magnetic adjustment pole piece. The magnetic adjustment pole piece bracket and the outer frame of the magnetic adjustment device are connected by welding or riveting. The magnetic adjustment pole piece material is selected from silicon steel sheets or soft magnetic materials and manufactured by sheet stacking or casting processes. The magnetic adjustment device bracket and the outer frame of the magnetic adjustment device are made of non-magnetic materials.

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