A cervical vertebra cannulated screw and an integrated screwing and rod pressing device thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, and provides a cervical vertebra hollow screw and an integrated screw placement and rod pressing device. The cervical vertebra hollow screw is characterized in that a ball head screw is sleeved at the lower end of a screw seat, a U-shaped groove is arranged at the upper end of the screw seat, a spherical ring is arranged between the ball head and the screw seat, the ball head screw is limited to move in a conical surface in the screw seat through the spherical ring, a through hole is arranged in the ball head screw, sleeve clamping holes are arranged at both sides of the cervical vertebra hollow screw, the cervical vertebra hollow screw is provided with a through hole for a positioning needle to be inserted into the through hole for positioning and guiding, a robot can be used to assist in accurately placing the positioning needle, and the integrated screw placement device is used to carry the cervical vertebra hollow screw to complete screw placement through the positioning needle. After the screw is placed, the screw rod is disassembled, the screw sleeve is reserved, and the rod pressing operation is performed, so that the rod can be quickly and accurately pressed into the U-shaped groove of the cervical vertebra hollow screw, the screw placement and rod placement process is completed, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical device technology, specifically to a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure rod device. Background Technology

[0002] Posterior cervical fixation surgery is a basic surgical treatment for cervical spondylosis. Traditional posterior cervical fixation surgery is an open surgery, which has problems such as large incisions and difficulty in postoperative healing. However, if minimally invasive surgery can be performed on posterior cervical fixation, it is possible to achieve small skin incisions and less soft tissue interference. While achieving the same efficacy as open surgery, it reduces surgical trauma and promotes patient recovery. Currently, solid screws are used in clinical practice for cervical spine screws, which are difficult to locate in clinical practice, and the screw placement and compression rod operations are more complicated and require more tools. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressing device, which can solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and can ensure that the rod is pressed into the U-shaped groove of the screw quickly and accurately to complete the screw placement and rod placement process, thereby improving surgical efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure bar device, comprising a cervical hollow screw, an integrated screw placement device used in conjunction with it, and an integrated pressure bar device that can utilize the undisassembled cervical hollow screw and the screw placement sleeve.

[0005] A hollow cervical screw includes a screw seat, with a ball-head screw fitted onto the lower end of the screw seat. The screw seat has a U-shaped groove at its upper end for accommodating a rod. The ball-head screw includes a ball head located within the lower end of the screw seat and a screw body at the lower end of the ball head. A spherical ring is provided between the ball head and the screw seat, restricting the ball-head screw from disengaging from the upper end of the screw seat. This allows the ball-head screw to perform conical movement within the screw seat, achieving multi-plane adjustment. A through hole is provided along the axial direction of the ball-head screw. A circular sleeve clamping hole is provided on each side of the hollow cervical screw.

[0006] The ball head screw is a universal ball head screw. The through hole is used for the positioning pin to pass through for positioning guidance. The upper end of the opening of the U-shaped groove is provided with a first internal thread. The inner wall of the screw seat is provided with a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove in sequence downward from the first internal thread. The diameters of the first annular groove and the third annular groove are the same as the outer diameter of the spherical ring. The second annular groove is interference-fitted with the lower end of the spherical ring. The ball head includes an upper part of the ball head and a lower part of the ball head. The spherical ring is located in the third annular groove.

[0007] The spherical ring is an annular cylinder with a concave structure at its lower end. The concave structure matches the upper part of the ball head, which can rotate freely within the concave structure. The spherical ring includes a top wall, a side wall, a bottom surface, and a concave surface. The horizontal plane of the top wall of the spherical ring is higher than the horizontal plane of the bottom of the U-shaped groove. A first annular boss is provided under the third annular groove. The first annular boss is positioned at a position corresponding to the lower part of the ball head to prevent the ball head from falling out of the lower opening of the screw seat. A second concave surface is distributed circumferentially on the first annular boss, which allows the screw to swing in the direction of the second concave surface, resulting in a larger angle hole.

[0008] An integrated screw placement device using a hollow cervical screw has a screw placement sleeve with a through cavity. The shape of the inner wall of the lower end of the screw placement sleeve matches the outer shape of the upper end of the screw seat, so that the lower end of the screw placement sleeve can be smoothly fitted onto the upper end of the screw seat.

[0009] The lower end of the pin-placement sleeve has a downward-opening first through groove along the axial direction of the pin-placement sleeve, which is used for the rod to slide in the first through groove. The upper end of the pin-placement sleeve has an upward-opening second through groove along the axial direction of the pin-placement sleeve. The pin-placement sleeve on both sides of the first through groove is provided with a long tongue-shaped inwardly convex cylindrical spring. The inner wall of the inwardly convex cylindrical spring is provided with an inwardly convex cylinder. The pin-placement sleeve is fixedly connected to the two sleeve clamping holes of the cervical hollow screw through the inwardly convex cylinder.

[0010] The upper part of the second through groove of the nail holder sleeve and both sides of the nail holder sleeve are provided with external threads for fixing the screw sleeve, which cooperate with the internal threads of the fixing screw sleeve. Rotating the fixing screw sleeve can lock or loosen the screwdriver rod inside the nail holder sleeve. The lower end of the screwdriver rod is provided with a screwdriver head. The screwdriver head is connected to the through hole in the upper part of the ball head of the cervical hollow screw. The shape of the screwdriver head is polygonal and matches the shape of the through hole in the upper part of the ball head. The screwdriver head drives the ball head to rotate. By rotating the fixing screw sleeve, the screwdriver rod, the nail holder sleeve and the cervical hollow screw can be fixed into a whole structure. For circumferential positioning, there are intermittent circumferential protrusions in the middle of the screwdriver rod. The outer circumference of the maximum outer diameter of the circumferential protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the nail holder sleeve.

[0011] An integrated pin-placement and pressure rod device includes the cervical hollow screw described in this application. The pin-placement sleeve is fitted onto the cervical hollow screw. A pressure rod sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the pin-placement sleeve. The lower end of the pressure rod sleeve has a downward-opening third through groove at the corresponding position of the inner convex cylindrical spring piece, which provides space when the inner convex cylindrical spring piece undergoes elastic deformation. On both sides of the two third through grooves on the pressure rod sleeve, there are downward-extending pressure rod protrusions. The pressure rod protrusions are parallel to the axial direction of the pressure rod sleeve and abut against the upper side of the rod, pressing the rod into the U-shaped groove of the screw seat under force.

[0012] The cylinder of the pressure rod sleeve has evenly distributed cleaning holes along the axial direction for postoperative cleaning, where there may be residual tissue fluid or blood.

[0013] A pressure bar knob is externally threaded to the fixing sleeve on the pin holder. The lower end of the pressure bar knob is inserted into the gap between the pressure bar sleeve and the pin holder. The lower end of the pressure bar knob is a rotating component, and the pressure bar knob rotates in place on the pressure bar sleeve through the rotating component.

[0014] The rotating component includes a connecting arm connected to the lower end of a pressure bar knob with internal threads, and a boss connected to the lower end of the connecting arm. The connecting arm is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the pressure bar sleeve. A corresponding annular groove is provided inside the pressure bar sleeve. The rotating component and the annular groove cooperate. The boss of the rotating component is located in the annular groove. During the rotation of the pressure bar knob, the pressure bar knob moves along the external thread of the fixing screw sleeve on the pin sleeve. The pressure bar knob rotates in place within the pressure bar sleeve.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: By adopting the above technical solution, the screw insertion point is first determined by the positioning pin during the operation, and then the cervical hollow screw is accurately inserted into the vertebral body by the guidance of the positioning pin through the integrated screw placement device; after the screw is inserted, the screwdriver rod in the screw placement sleeve is removed, the screw placement sleeve at the screw tail connection is retained, and then the rod placement operation is performed. This can ensure that the rod is quickly and accurately pressed into the U-shaped groove of the cervical hollow screw under the condition of small incision, thus completing the screw placement and rod placement process and improving surgical efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hollow screw structure for the cervical spine according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow cervical screw according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the screw seat, spherical ring, and ball head screw of a hollow cervical screw according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the screw seat structure of a hollow cervical screw according to the present invention from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of the cervical hollow screw during its swinging motion, according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a side view of the cervical hollow screw during its swinging motion, according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a side view diagram of the cervical hollow screw during its swinging motion, according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a hollow cervical screw and its integrated screw placement structure according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A of a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part B of a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw-placement sleeve and fixing screw sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure bar device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hollow cervical screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure rod device according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure rod device, including the screw placement sleeve, pressure rod sleeve, and pressure rod knob.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure rod device, including the screw placement sleeve, pressure rod sleeve, and pressure rod knob.

[0033] Figure 18This is an enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram of section C of the cervical hollow screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure rod device.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1. Screw seat; 2. U-shaped groove; 3. First internal thread; 4. First annular groove; 5. Second annular groove; 6. Third annular groove; 7. Spherical ring; 8. Top wall of spherical ring; 9. Side wall of spherical ring; 10. Bottom surface of spherical ring; 11. Inner concave surface of spherical ring; 12. Center hole of spherical ring; 13. Spherical head; 14. Screw body; 15. Through hole; 16. First annular boss; 17. Second inner concave surface; 18. Sleeve clamping hole; 19. Screw sleeve; 20. First through groove; 21. Second through groove; 22. Inner convex cylindrical spring; 23. Third arc surface; 24. Fourth 25. Transition surface; 26. Fifth extended surface; 27. Sixth inclined surface; 28. Inner convex cylinder; 29. ​​Fixing screw sleeve; 30. External thread of fixing screw sleeve; 31. Screwdriver rod; 32. Circumferential protrusion; 33. Annular protrusion; 34. Seventh boss; 35. Pressure bar sleeve; 36. Pressure bar protrusion; 37. Third through groove; 38. Cleaning hole; 39. Pressure bar knob; 40. Connecting arm; 41. Boss; 42. Rod; 43. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Specific implementation examples: such as Figure 1-18 The present invention relates to a hollow cervical screw and its integrated screw placement and pressure bar device.

[0037] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a hollow cervical screw includes a screw seat 1. The upper end of the screw seat 1 is provided with a U-shaped groove 2 for accommodating a rod 42. The ball head screw includes a ball head 13 located in the lower end of the screw seat 1 and a nail body 14 at the lower end of the ball head. A spherical ring 7 is provided between the ball head 13 and the screw seat 1. The ball head screw is restricted from being dislodged from the screw seat 1 by the spherical ring 7, so that the ball head screw can make conical surface movement in the screw seat 1 to achieve multi-plane adjustment. A through hole 15 is provided in the ball head screw along the axial direction of the ball head screw. The screw seat 1, the spherical ring 7 and the ball head screw are all detachably connected.

[0038] The hollow hole diameter of the cervical spine hollow screw is Ф1.25, which can effectively ensure that its strength is not affected, making it safe and effective.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the ball head screw is a universal ball head screw. The through hole 15 is used for the positioning pin to pass through for positioning guidance. The upper end of the opening of the U-shaped groove 2 is provided with a first internal thread 3. The inner wall of the screw seat 1 is provided with a first annular groove 4, a second annular groove 5 and a third annular groove 6 in sequence downward from the first internal thread 3. The diameters of the first annular groove 4 and the third annular groove 6 are the same as the outer diameter of the spherical ring 7. The inner diameter of the first annular groove 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the second annular groove 5. The second annular groove 5 is interference-fitted with the lower end of the spherical ring 7. When installing the spherical ring 7, the spherical ring 7 is inserted from the upper end of the screw seat 1, passes through the first internal thread 3 and the first annular groove 4, and reaches the second annular groove 5. Because the second annular groove 5 is interference-fitted, the spherical ring 7 is stuck at the upper end of the second annular groove 5 without external force. After applying external force, such as gently tapping with a tool, the spherical ring 7 will pass through the second annular groove 5 and fall into the third annular groove 6.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the spherical ring 7 is an annular cylinder with a concave structure at the lower end. The spherical head 13 includes an upper part and a lower part. The concave structure matches the upper part of the spherical head and is used to accommodate the upper part of the spherical head. The upper part of the spherical head can rotate freely within the concave structure. The spherical ring 7 includes a top wall 8, a side wall 9, a bottom surface 10, and a concave surface 11. The top wall 8 of the spherical ring is provided with a central hole 12. The central hole 12 and the spherical ring 7 are concentrically arranged. The curvature of the concave surface 11 of the spherical ring is similar to the curvature of the spherical surface of the upper part of the spherical head that it contacts.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, after assembly, the spherical ring 7 is located in the third ring groove 6. The horizontal plane of the top wall 8 of the spherical ring 7 is higher than the horizontal plane of the bottom of the U-shaped groove 2, which facilitates the subsequent pressing rod operation to achieve the effect of locking the ball head screw. During the subsequent pressing rod operation, the rod 42 acts on the spherical ring 7, and the spherical ring 7 acts on the ball head 13. The horizontal plane of the top wall 8 of the spherical ring 7 is higher than the horizontal plane of the bottom of the U-shaped groove 2 to ensure that the spherical ring 7 has a certain amount of downward pressure. Otherwise, the rod 42 will directly act on the bottom of the U-shaped groove 2, and the spherical ring 7 will be in a suspended state. The spherical ring 7 will lose the locking force on the ball head 13, causing the height or angle of the nail body 14 to be lost, and it will be impossible to lock.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the lower inner wall of the screw seat 1 is provided with a first annular boss 16 at a position corresponding to the lower part of the ball head, which is used to limit and prevent the ball head 13 from falling out of the lower opening of the screw seat 1. More preferably, the upper edge of the first annular boss 16 is connected to the bottom end of the third annular groove 6, and slopes downward until the highest protruding surface of the first annular boss 16. From the highest protruding surface of the first annular boss 16, it extends obliquely towards the lower opening of the screw seat 1 with a chamfer. The longitudinal section of the first annular boss 16 is an inverted trapezoid.

[0043] The first annular boss 16 has second concave surfaces 17 distributed circumferentially. The second concave surfaces 17 are inclined upward from the outside towards the lower opening of the screw seat 1 and towards the center of the screw seat 1, which allows the screw body 14 to swing at a larger angle in the direction of the second concave surfaces 17. From the clinical trial results, the three-point distribution of the second concave surfaces is better. The second concave surfaces are set on the first annular boss 16. The function of the first annular boss 16 is to prevent the ball head screw from falling out of the screw seat 1. If there are too many second concave surfaces 17, it will affect the strength of the first annular boss 16. The three-point distribution of the second concave surfaces can not only ensure that the ball head screw does not fall out of the lower end of the screw seat 1, but also ensure that the ball head screw can swing at a larger angle at the three points. The optimization is that it can provide a larger swing angle in the direction of the U-shaped grooves 2 on both sides.

[0044] The hollow cervical screw has a circular sleeve clamping hole 18 on each side, which can be connected and fixed together with the screw placement sleeve 19, so as to realize the integrated screw placement and integrated pressure bar operation.

[0045] Cervical screws are smaller, making the machining of their hollow holes more difficult. The hollow hole diameter of the cervical screw is Ф1.25, which effectively ensures that its strength is not affected, guaranteeing safety and effectiveness.

[0046] like Figure 8-13 As shown, the integrated nail placement and pressure bar device includes a nail placement sleeve 19 with a through cavity. The shape of the lower inner wall of the nail placement sleeve 19 matches the shape of the upper part of the screw seat 1 of the cervical hollow screw, so that the lower part of the nail placement sleeve 19 and the upper part of the screw seat 1 of the cervical hollow screw can be smoothly connected and fixed, and the lower part of the nail placement sleeve 19 can be sleeved on the upper part of the screw seat 1.

[0047] The lower end of the staple sleeve 19 is provided with a downward-opening first through groove 20 along the axial direction of the staple sleeve 19, which is used for the subsequent rod 42 to slide in the first through groove 20. The upper end of the staple sleeve 19 is provided with an upward-opening second through groove 21 along the axial direction of the staple sleeve 19. The first through groove 20 and the second through groove 21 are a pair. The two first through grooves 20 and the two second through grooves 21 are respectively arranged opposite to each other on the staple sleeve 19. The second through groove 21 is used to clean residual tissue fluid, blood, etc. in the staple sleeve 19 after surgery.

[0048] like Figure 12 As shown, long, tongue-shaped, inwardly convex cylindrical spring pieces 22 are provided on the pin sleeves 19 on both sides of the first through groove 20. The lowest end of the inwardly convex cylindrical spring piece 22 is a third arc surface 23. The third arc surface 23 is inclined downward and connected to a fourth transition surface 24. The fourth transition surface 24 extends and is connected to a fifth extension surface 25. The fifth extension surface 25 is connected upward and to a sixth inclined surface 26. The third arc surface 23, the fourth transition surface 24, the fifth extension surface 25, and the sixth inclined surface 26 form a shape that makes the inwardly convex cylindrical spring piece 22 oriented in a convex direction. The needle sleeve has an inner convex shape, and the inner wall of the third arc surface 23 is provided with an inner convex cylinder 27. The nail sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the two sleeve clamping holes 18 of the cervical hollow screw seat 1 through the inner convex cylinder 27 of the inner convex cylindrical spring piece 22. When the lower end opening of the nail sleeve 19 is connected to the cervical hollow screw, under the pushing and squeezing of the cervical hollow screw, the two inner convex cylindrical spring pieces 22 expand outward, and the two inner convex cylinders 27 are fixedly connected to the two sleeve clamping holes 18 of the cervical hollow screw seat 1.

[0049] The upper part of the second through groove 21 of the nail holder sleeve 19 and both sides of the nail holder sleeve 19 are provided with the external thread 29 of the fixing screw sleeve, which cooperates with the internal thread of the fixing screw sleeve. Rotating the fixing screw sleeve 28 can lock or loosen the screwdriver rod 30 inside the nail holder sleeve 19. In order to make rotation easier and more comfortable, the fixing screw sleeve 28 is divided into three sections, and the outside of the fixing screw sleeve 28 is provided with anti-slip texture to increase friction.

[0050] like Figure 9-11 As shown, the lower end of the screwdriver handle 30 is provided with a screwdriver tip 31. The screwdriver handle 30 enters through the upper opening of the screw holder sleeve 19. At the lower end of the screw holder sleeve 19, the screwdriver tip 31 connects with the through hole 15 in the upper part of the ball head of the cervical hollow screw. The shape of the screwdriver tip 31 is polygonal, matching the shape of the through hole 15 in the upper part of the ball head. The screwdriver tip 31 drives the ball head 13 to rotate, rotating and fixing the screw sleeve 28, thus fixing the screwdriver handle 30, the screw holder sleeve 19, and the cervical hollow screw into a single structure. The internal thread of the fixing screw sleeve 28 is matched with the external thread 29 of the fixing screw sleeve on the screw holder sleeve 19. Because the external thread 29 of the fixing screw sleeve on the screw holder sleeve 19 is not from the screw holder sleeve 19, the screwdriver tip 31 is connected to the ball head 19. Instead of directly setting the upper opening of the screw sleeve, there is a smooth connecting surface, which makes it easy for the fixing screw sleeve 28 to first fit onto the screw sleeve 19 and then move by thread. The internal thread of the fixing screw sleeve 28 exists on the inner wall of a part of the lower end of the fixing screw sleeve 28, and the inner wall of the upward extension is smooth. The corresponding part abuts against the outer wall of the screw sleeve 19, allowing up and down sliding. The top wall of the upper opening of the fixing screw sleeve 28 is locked on the upper top surface of the annular protrusion 33 at the upper end of the screwdriver rod 30. The shape of the upper top surface of the annular protrusion 33 and the top wall of the upper opening of the fixing screw sleeve 28 match, and they can be locked. In the attached figure of this embodiment, the upper top surface of the annular protrusion 33 is a plane.

[0051] In use, after the ball head screw, ball ring 7, and screw seat 1 are assembled, the lower opening of the screw holder sleeve 19 is fitted into it. The screwdriver rod 30 is placed inside the screw holder sleeve 19. After the fixing sleeve 28 is fitted onto the upper end of the screw holder sleeve 19, it slides downward along the outer wall of the screw holder sleeve 19. When the fixing sleeve 28 reaches the external thread 29 of the fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve 28 begins to rotate. The fixing sleeve 28 moves downward along the thread. When the top wall of the upper opening of the fixing sleeve 28 is engaged with the upper top surface of the annular protrusion 33 at the upper end of the screwdriver rod 30, it drives the screwdriver rod 30 to move downward together. The screwdriver tip 31 at the lower end of the screwdriver rod 30 enters the through hole 15 at the upper part of the ball head, until the top wall of the upper opening of the fixing sleeve 28 simultaneously engages the upper top surface of the annular protrusion 33 at the upper end of the screwdriver rod 30 and the screw holder sleeve 19. With the upper end open, the fixing sleeve 28 cannot move further downward. At the same time, the screwdriver head 31 also abuts against the bottom wall of the through hole 15 at the upper part of the ball head. The screwdriver head 31 can no longer move downward. The screwdriver rod 30, the screw holder sleeve 19 and the cervical hollow screw are fixed into a single structure. More optimized, the inner wall of the screw holder sleeve 19 is provided with a corresponding seventh boss 34. The seventh boss 34 is arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the screw holder sleeve 19. When the three are locked into a single structure, the top surface of the seventh boss 34 abuts against the bottom surface of the lowest circumferential protrusion 32 of the screwdriver rod 30. The angle of the top surface of the seventh boss 34 and the shape and angle of the bottom surface of the circumferential protrusion 32 match and fit together. The screwdriver head 31 of the screwdriver rod 30, the ball head screw and the through hole 15 at the upper part of the ball head abut and lock together, achieving a single structure where the three are locked together.

[0052] like Figure 9 and Figure 13 As shown, for circumferential positioning, the screwdriver handle 30 has intermittent circumferential protrusions 32 in the middle. The outer circumference of the maximum outer diameter of the circumferential protrusions 32 abuts against the inner wall of the nail holder sleeve 19, while allowing the circumferential protrusions 32 to slide along the inner wall of the nail holder sleeve 19 under external force. The central rod of the screwdriver handle 30 is a hollow cylinder. In the prior art, the diameter of the central rod of the screwdriver handle 30 is smaller than the inner diameter of the nail holder sleeve 19. Without the circumferential protrusions 32, due to the gap between the screwdriver handle 30 and the nail holder sleeve 19, the screwdriver head 31 cannot be quickly and directly positioned onto the through hole 15 at the top of the ball head. The screwdriver handle 30 has a through hole, which is designed as a stepped hole due to drilling issues. Figure 9 As shown.

[0053] When in use, after the cervical hollow screw is inserted into the vertebral body through the positioning pin, the screwdriver rod 30 can be removed after the fixing sleeve 28 is loosened; while keeping the screw-inserting sleeve 19 connected to the cervical hollow screw, the rod 42 can be pressed into the U-shaped groove 2 of the cervical hollow screw along the screw-inserting sleeve 19.

[0054] The screw-insertion sleeve 19 is inserted and fixed to the tail of the cervical hollow screw through the inner convex cylinder 27 of the inner convex cylindrical spring 22. The fixing method is simple and firm, but a special unlocking tool is required for removal. After the cervical hollow screw is initially fixed to the screw-insertion sleeve 19 and then fixed again by the fixing screw sleeve 28, the screwdriver handle 30 can be used to insert the screw in one piece, and the screwdriver handle 30 and the inner hole of the screw-insertion sleeve have a mating function.

[0055] like Figure 14-18 As shown, in the integrated pressure bar device, a pressure bar sleeve 35 is sleeved on the outside of the nail sleeve 19. The lower end of the pressure bar sleeve 35 is provided with a downward-opening third through groove 37 at the corresponding position of the inner convex cylindrical spring 22. The third through groove 37 and the inner convex cylindrical spring 22 are two oppositely arranged to provide space when the inner convex cylindrical spring 22 undergoes elastic deformation. On both sides of the two third through grooves 37 on the pressure bar sleeve 35, there are downward-extending pressure bar protrusions 36. That is, the pressure bar protrusions 36 are parallel to the axial direction of the pressure bar sleeve 35 and abut against the upper side of the rod 42. Under force, the rod 42 is pressed into the U-shaped groove 2 of the screw seat 1.

[0056] like Figure 15 As shown, the pressure rod sleeve 35 has uniformly distributed cleaning holes 38 along the axial direction on the column body for postoperative cleaning, where there is residual tissue fluid or blood. In this embodiment, the extended line connecting the centers of a row of cleaning holes 38 passes through the center point of the pressure rod protrusion 36. It should be noted that the shape of the cleaning holes 38 can be circular, elliptical, or elongated, as long as it can achieve the surgical purpose and facilitate cleaning.

[0057] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the lower end of the pressure bar knob 39 is inserted into the gap between the pressure bar sleeve 35 and the pin sleeve 19. The lower end of the pressure bar knob 39 is provided with a rotating component. The rotating component includes a connecting arm 40 connected to the lower end of the pressure bar knob 39 with internal threads, and a boss 41 connected to the lower end of the connecting arm 40. The connecting arm 40 is arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the pressure bar sleeve 35. A corresponding annular groove 43 is provided in the pressure bar sleeve 35. The rotating component and the annular groove 43 cooperate. The boss 41 of the rotating component is located in the annular groove 43. During the rotation of the pressure bar knob 39, the pressure bar knob 39 moves along the external thread 29 of the fixing screw sleeve on the pin sleeve 19. The pressure bar knob 39 rotates in place in the pressure bar sleeve 35.

[0058] During the pressing process, the pressing rod sleeve 35 can be directly inserted into the undisturbed nail-holding sleeve 19. By rotating the pressing rod knob 39, the pressing rod sleeve 35 moves from top to bottom, pressing the rod into the U-shaped groove 2 of the cervical hollow screw. After the pressing process is completed, the locking operation can be performed directly. After locking the rod, the pressing rod sleeve 35 and the nail-holding sleeve 19 connected to the cervical hollow screw are then removed.

[0059] After the pin is placed, there is no need to remove the pin sleeve 19. The pin sleeve 19 is used to establish a bar guide, and the bar placement is completed quickly and accurately. During the process, the bar pressing sleeve 35 can control the bar pressing process step by step through the thread, which is safe and effective.

[0060] Posterior cervical internal fixation surgery is a fundamental surgical treatment for cervical spine diseases. Traditional posterior cervical internal fixation surgery often uses solid screws. Routine freehand screw placement requires surgeons with extensive clinical experience and solid surgical skills. After fully exposing the surgical field by incising the skin and muscles, the screws are placed based on posterior cervical anatomical landmarks. Freehand screw placement is difficult and carries a high risk. Furthermore, traditional posterior cervical internal fixation surgery is always open surgery, resulting in large incisions and poor postoperative healing. In recent years, with the advancement of orthopedic surgical robotic technology, we can precisely place pedicle screws or lateral mass guide pins with robot assistance. In this case, posterior cervical cannulated screws are needed with the aid of positioning pins to complete the precise screw placement operation.

[0061] Orthopedic surgical robots or robot-assisted surgical systems can assist in achieving precise surgery. Using orthopedic surgical robots, the implantation path is planned based on the acquired three-dimensional images of the patient. Under the guidance of a robotic arm, and in conjunction with a cervical hollow screw and its integrated implantation and pressure rod device as described in this invention, precise guide pin insertion is completed.

[0062] The cervical hollow screw has a through hole for the insertion of a positioning needle for positioning guidance. During the operation, the robot-assisted surgical system is first used to accurately locate the screw, and a guide needle is inserted to determine the screw placement point. Then, the cervical hollow screw is carried by an integrated screw placement device and accurately placed with the help of the guide needle. After the screw is placed, the inner rod of the screw placement device is removed, leaving the sleeve at the screw tail connection. Then, the rod is inserted. This ensures that the rod is pressed into the U-shaped groove of the screw quickly and accurately, completing the screw and rod placement process and improving surgical efficiency.

[0063] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0064] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A hollow cervical screw, comprising a screw seat, wherein a ball-head screw is sleeved at the lower end of the screw seat, characterized in that: The upper end of the screw seat is provided with a U-shaped groove for accommodating the rod. The ball head screw includes a ball head located inside the lower end of the screw seat and a nail body at the lower end of the ball head. A spherical ring is provided between the ball head and the screw seat. The spherical ring restricts the ball head screw from dislodging from the upper end of the screw seat, allowing the ball head screw to move in a conical motion within the screw seat, thus achieving multi-plane adjustment. A through hole is provided inside the ball head screw along its axial direction. A circular sleeve clamping hole is provided on each side of the cervical hollow screw. The through hole is used for the positioning pin to pass through for positioning guidance. The upper end of the opening of the U-shaped groove is provided with a first internal thread. The inner wall of the screw seat is provided with a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove in sequence downward from the first internal thread. The diameters of the first annular groove and the third annular groove are the same as the outer diameter of the spherical ring. The second annular groove is interference-fitted with the lower end of the spherical ring. The spherical ring is located in the third annular groove. The horizontal plane of the top wall of the spherical ring is higher than the horizontal plane of the bottom of the U-shaped groove. A first annular boss is provided below the third annular groove. A second concave surface is distributed circumferentially on the first annular boss, which allows the nail body to swing in the direction of the second concave surface to bring a larger angle hole.

2. The cervical hollow screw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball head screw is a universal ball head screw, and the ball head includes an upper part of the ball head and a lower part of the ball head.

3. A cervical hollow screw according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spherical ring is an annular cylinder with a concave structure at its lower end. The concave structure matches the upper part of the ball head, and the upper part of the ball head can rotate freely within the concave structure. The spherical ring includes a top wall, a side wall, a bottom surface, and a concave surface. The first annular protrusion is provided at a position corresponding to the lower part of the ball head to limit and prevent the ball head from falling out of the lower opening of the screw seat.

4. An integrated screw placement device specifically for the cervical hollow screw as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A pin holder sleeve with a through cavity, the shape of the inner wall of the lower end of the pin holder sleeve matching the outer shape of the upper end of the screw seat, so that the lower end of the pin holder sleeve can be smoothly fitted onto the upper end of the screw seat. The lower end of the pin-placement sleeve has a downward-opening first through groove along the axial direction of the pin-placement sleeve, which is used for the rod to slide in the first through groove. The upper end of the pin-placement sleeve has an upward-opening second through groove along the axial direction of the pin-placement sleeve. The pin-placement sleeve on both sides of the first through groove is provided with a long tongue-shaped inwardly convex cylindrical spring. The inner wall of the inwardly convex cylindrical spring is provided with an inwardly convex cylinder. The pin-placement sleeve is fixedly connected to the two sleeve clamping holes of the cervical hollow screw through the inwardly convex cylinder.

5. The integrated nail placement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper part of the second through groove of the nail holder sleeve and both sides of the nail holder sleeve are provided with external threads for fixing the screw sleeve, which cooperate with the internal threads of the fixing screw sleeve. Rotating the fixing screw sleeve can lock or loosen the screwdriver rod inside the nail holder sleeve. The lower end of the screwdriver rod is provided with a screwdriver head. The screwdriver head is connected to the through hole in the upper part of the ball head of the cervical hollow screw. The shape of the screwdriver head is polygonal and matches the shape of the through hole in the upper part of the ball head. The screwdriver head drives the ball head to rotate. By rotating the fixing screw sleeve, the screwdriver rod, the nail holder sleeve and the cervical hollow screw can be fixed into a whole structure. For circumferential positioning, there are intermittent circumferential protrusions in the middle of the screwdriver rod. The outer circumference of the maximum outer diameter of the circumferential protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the nail holder sleeve.

6. An integrated nail placement and pressure bar device employing the integrated nail placement device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The screw-placement sleeve is fitted onto the hollow cervical screw. A pressure rod sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the screw-placement sleeve. The lower end of the pressure rod sleeve has a downward-opening third through groove at the corresponding position of the convex cylindrical spring piece, which provides space when the convex cylindrical spring piece undergoes elastic deformation. On both sides of the two third through grooves on the pressure rod sleeve, there are downward-extending pressure rod protrusions. The pressure rod protrusions are parallel to the axial direction of the pressure rod sleeve and abut against the upper side of the rod, pressing the rod into the U-shaped groove of the screw seat under force.

7. The integrated nail placement and pressure bar device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure rod sleeve has uniformly distributed cleaning holes along the axial direction on its cylinder body for postoperative cleaning.

8. The integrated nail placement and pressure bar device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure bar knob is externally threaded to the fixing sleeve on the pin holder. The lower end of the pressure bar knob is inserted into the gap between the pressure bar sleeve and the pin holder. The lower end of the pressure bar knob is a rotating component, and the pressure bar knob rotates in place on the pressure bar sleeve through the rotating component.

9. The integrated nail placement and pressure bar device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating component includes a connecting arm connected to the lower end of a pressure bar knob with internal threads, and a boss connected to the lower end of the connecting arm. The connecting arm is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the pressure bar sleeve. A corresponding annular groove is provided inside the pressure bar sleeve. The rotating component and the annular groove cooperate. The boss of the rotating component is located in the annular groove. During the rotation of the pressure bar knob, the pressure bar knob moves along the external thread of the fixing screw sleeve on the pin sleeve. The pressure bar knob rotates in place within the pressure bar sleeve.

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