A planetary simulation environment micro-area analysis system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a micro-area analysis system for a planetary simulation environment, which includes a planetary environment subsystem and a terrestrial laboratory environment subsystem; the terrestrial laboratory environment subsystem includes: a main controller, a spectral component, and an ultraviolet pulsed laser; the planetary environment subsystem includes a planetary environment chamber, a planetary environment simulation component, a main optical axis component, a spectral component, an imaging component, and a sample disk, and can realize the detection of molecular and atomic spectra with the same excitation source and the same detector. Through the detection and research of spectral atomic and molecular imaging and the like in a planetary environment, the present invention can obtain the optimal detection schemes and parameters in-situ under different planets, providing a necessary basis for the research and development of in-situ analysis payloads for planets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a micro-area analysis system, and in particular to a micro-area material analysis system based on spectral detection applicable to different planetary environments. Background Art

[0002] In deep space exploration, the exploration of planets is divided into two scales. One is to carry remote sensing optical instruments on the orbiter to conduct remote sensing exploration of the mineral or material distribution on a global scale of the planet. Most of the technologies used are material analysis based on infrared imaging. For the in-situ fine material detection on the surface of the planet, it is mostly based on the scientific instrument payloads carried by the rover, including laser spectroscopy instruments, passive infrared spectrometers, XRF, etc. Among them, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), X-ray diffraction spectrometers, and alpha particle X-ray spectrometers (APXS) are mainly used for element detection, and infrared spectrometers, Raman spectrometers, and fluorescence spectrometers are mainly used for molecule detection. Now, some planetary rover-mounted instrument systems that combine LIBS and infrared, as well as LIBS and Raman fluorescence, have been put into operation, which can realize the combined use of molecule and atom detection.

[0003] In order to develop the in-situ material detection scientific payload for future deep space planets, it is necessary to establish a corresponding simulation system on the ground to adapt to the in-situ material detection under different planetary environments. In addition, in the existing technical routes of combined atomic and molecular detection on planetary rovers, one is that atomic detection is active and molecular detection is passive, which makes it difficult to achieve fine alignment and introduces alignment errors; the other is that both atomic and molecular detections are active, but different wavelengths are used, resulting in an increase in the complexity and cost of the system. In view of this, the present invention designs an in-situ material detection system that can simulate in-situ environments under various planets, and realizes synchronous detection of in-situ molecular and atomic imaging and Mapping with the same laser source and the same detector and different detection mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a set of targeted systems for realizing the research on in-situ material detection under different planetary environments, including the simulation of the atmosphere of the necessary environment, and the detection research such as spectral atomic and molecular imaging with the same laser source and the same detector in these environments, so as to obtain the optimal detection schemes and parameters for in-situ under different planets, providing a necessary basis for the research and development of in-situ analysis payloads for planets.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A micro-area analysis system for planetary simulation environment, comprising a planetary environment subsystem and an earth laboratory environment subsystem; the earth laboratory environment subsystem includes: a main controller; a spectral component A, electrically connected to the main controller, for converting signal light into spectral signals; an ultraviolet pulsed laser for emitting ultraviolet pulsed lasers with the same wavelength and different repetition frequencies; the planetary environment subsystem includes: a planetary environment chamber, on the surface of which there is a spectral detection window for transmitting the detected spectral signals and a laser window for transmitting ultraviolet pulsed lasers; a planetary environment simulation component for simulating the planetary environment to be studied inside the planetary environment chamber; a main optical axis component located on the main optical axis perpendicular to the laser window; a spectral component B located on the spectral optical axis perpendicular to the spectral detection window, for transmitting a part of the ultraviolet and visible light excited by the ultraviolet pulsed laser of the current sample to the spectral component A; an imaging component located on the imaging optical axis perpendicular to the main optical axis and the spectral optical axis and electrically connected to the main controller; a sample disk facing the main optical axis component and placing the current sample.

[0007] Preferably, the main optical axis component includes: an ultraviolet laser beam expander for expanding the ultraviolet pulsed laser passing through the laser window; a dichroic mirror, inclined and arranged on the main optical axis; a plane microscopic secondary mirror, inclined and arranged on the main optical axis and located on one side of the dichroic mirror; a concave microscopic main mirror located on one side of the plane microscopic secondary mirror.

[0008] Preferably, the spectral component B includes: an optical fiber coupling mirror located on one side of the spectral detection window; a perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror, obliquely opposite to the plane microscopic secondary mirror and located on one side of the optical fiber coupling mirror.

[0009] Preferably, the imaging component includes an ultraviolet lens and an ultraviolet CCD electrically connected to the main controller; the perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror and the dichroic mirror are respectively located at the intersections of the spectral optical axis, the main optical axis and the imaging optical axis.

[0010] Preferably, the planetary environment simulation component includes: a magnetic field module for providing magnetic fields with different intensities inside the planetary environment chamber; a temperature regulator for regulating the temperature inside the planetary environment chamber; a mixing gas cylinder filled with various gases in the same proportion as the planet to be studied, connected to the planetary environment chamber through a pipeline provided with an intake valve; a molecular pump connected to the planetary environment chamber through a pipeline provided with an exhaust valve for the air pressure inside the planetary environment chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure gauge and a thermometer for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and temperature are also provided inside the planetary environment chamber.

[0012] Preferably, a coupling optical fiber is provided between the spectral component A and the spectral detection window.

[0013] Preferably, the spectral component A includes a housing provided with an incident slit facing the spectral detection window. Inside the housing, there are a front concave converging mirror, an ultraviolet diffraction grating, and a rear concave converging mirror that cooperate with each other. Part of the ultraviolet and visible light is enhanced by an image intensifier inside the housing after passing through the front concave converging mirror, the ultraviolet diffraction grating, and the rear concave converging mirror, and then converted into a spectral signal.

[0014] Preferably, the image intensifier includes a first-stage imaging array, a high-voltage module, a multi-channel intensifier, and a second-stage imaging array. The number and size of the pixels of the first-stage imaging array and the second-stage imaging array are the same and correspond one by one. The multi-channel intensifier is located between the first-stage imaging array and the second-stage imaging array and connects the corresponding pixels. The high-voltage module is used to apply a DC high voltage between the first-stage imaging array and the second-stage imaging array.

[0015] Preferably, the sample disk is installed on an electric rotary translation stage and several samples are placed on it.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention provides a planetary simulation environment micro-area analysis system that can simulate the temperature, pressure, magnetic field, and atmosphere of different planets. The system can freely switch the current sample. Under multiple adjustments such as focusing and defocusing, laser repetition frequency, laser and second-stage imaging array delay, and second-stage imaging array accumulation integration method, it can achieve the detection of molecular and atomic spectra with the same excitation source and the same detector. Through the detection and research of spectral atomic and molecular imaging in a planetary environment, the optimal detection scheme and parameters in situ under different planets can be obtained, providing a necessary basis for the research and development of planetary in-situ analysis payloads. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the planetary simulation environment micro-area analysis system of the present invention.

[0018] Labels in the figure: 1. Main controller; 2. Manometer; 3. Thermometer; 4. Magnetic field module; 5. Planetary environment chamber; 6. UV lens; 7. UV CCD; 8. Imaging optical axis; 9. Perforated UV Rayleigh mirror; 10. Central hole; 11. Dichroic filter; 12. Temperature regulator; 13. Planar microscopic secondary mirror; 14. UV enhanced coating; 15. Concave microscopic primary mirror; 16. Main optical axis; 17. Sample optical axis; 18. Current sample; 19. Sample to be measured; 20. Electric rotating translation stage; 21. Lower sealing cover; 22. Motor controller; 23. Intake valve; 24. Mixed gas cylinder; 25. Exhaust valve; 26. Molecular pump; 27. Laser window; 28. UV laser beam expander; 29. Delayer; 30. UV pulsed laser; 31. High-voltage module; 32. Rear concave converging mirror; 33. Multi-channel intensifier; 34. Secondary imaging area array; 35. UV diffraction grating; 36. Front concave converging mirror; 37. Entrance slit; 38. Coupling optical fiber; 39. Spectral detection window; 40. Fiber optic coupling mirror; 41. Spectral component A; 42. Sample disk; 43. Primary imaging area array; 44. Spectral optical axis. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] For the convenience of understanding the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a detailed description in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, a micro-area analysis system for a planetary simulation environment includes a planetary environment subsystem and a terrestrial laboratory environment subsystem;

[0022] The terrestrial laboratory environment subsystem includes:

[0023] Main controller 1;

[0024] Spectral component A 41, electrically connected to the main controller 1, for converting the signal light emitted by the planetary environment subsystem into a spectral signal;

[0025] UV pulsed laser 30, for emitting UV pulsed lasers with the same wavelength and different repetition frequencies;

[0026] The planetary environment subsystem includes:

[0027] Planetary environment chamber 5, on the surface of which there are a spectral detection window 39 for transmitting the detected spectral signal and a laser window 27 for transmitting the UV pulsed laser;

[0028] Planetary environment simulation component, for simulating the planetary environment to be studied inside the planetary environment chamber 5;

[0029] Main optical axis component, located on the main optical axis 16 perpendicular to the laser window 27;

[0030] The spectral component B is located on the spectral optical axis 44 perpendicular to the spectral detection window 39, and is used to transmit part of the ultraviolet and visible light excited by the ultraviolet pulsed laser of the current sample 18 to the spectral component A41;

[0031] The imaging component is located on the imaging optical axis 8 perpendicular to the main optical axis 16 and the spectral optical axis 44 and is electrically connected to the main controller 1;

[0032] The sample disk 42 is arranged facing the main optical axis component and holds the current sample 18.

[0033] Among them, the planetary environment simulation component includes a magnetic field module 4, a temperature regulator 12, a gas mixing cylinder 24, and a molecular pump 26;

[0034] The magnetic field module 4 is used to provide magnetic fields of different intensities in the planetary environment chamber 5 to simulate the magnetic field environments of different planets;

[0035] The temperature regulator 12 has heating, cooling, and constant temperature modules, and is used to adjust and make constant the temperature in the planetary environment chamber 5;

[0036] The gas mixing cylinder 24 is filled with various gases in a ratio consistent with the planet under study and is connected to the planetary environment chamber 5 through a pipeline provided with an intake valve 23;

[0037] The molecular pump 26 is connected to the planetary environment chamber 5 through a pipeline provided with an exhaust valve 25 and is used for the air pressure in the planetary environment chamber 5;

[0038] A pressure gauge 2 and a thermometer 3 are also provided in the planetary environment chamber 5 for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and temperature.

[0039] Specifically, the main optical axis component includes an ultraviolet laser beam expander 28, a dichroic mirror 11, a plane microscopic secondary mirror 13, and a concave microscopic main mirror 15;

[0040] The ultraviolet laser beam expander 28 is used to expand the ultraviolet pulsed laser passing through the laser window 27;

[0041] The dichroic mirror 11 is located on one side of the ultraviolet laser beam expander 28 and is inclined on the main optical axis 16;

[0042] The plane microscopic secondary mirror 13 is inclined on the main optical axis 16 and is located on one side of the dichroic mirror 11;

[0043] The concave microscopic main mirror 15 is located on one side of the plane microscopic secondary mirror 13.

[0044] The spectral component B includes a fiber optic coupling mirror 40 and a perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror 9;

[0045] The fiber optic coupling mirror 40 is located on one side of the spectral detection window 39;

[0046] The perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror 9 is obliquely opposite to the planar microscopic secondary mirror 13 and is located on one side of the fiber optic coupling mirror 40.

[0047] The imaging assembly includes an ultraviolet lens 6 and an ultraviolet CCD 7 electrically connected to the main controller 1; the perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror 9 and the dichroic filter 11 are respectively located at the intersections of the spectral optical axis 44 and the main optical axis 16 with the imaging optical axis 8.

[0048] A coupling optical fiber 38 is provided between the spectral assembly A41 and the spectral detection window 39.

[0049] Among them, the ultraviolet pulsed laser 30 is used to emit ultraviolet pulsed lasers with the same wavelength (213 nm in this embodiment) and different repetition frequencies (1 - 1000 kHz in this embodiment), which are transmitted along the main optical axis 16, pass through the laser window 27. The ultraviolet pulsed laser emitted by the ultraviolet pulsed laser 30 is expanded by the ultraviolet laser beam expander 28 along the main optical axis 16, passes through the dichroic filter 11, is reflected and converged by the concave microscopic main mirror 15, then is reflected and redirected by the planar microscopic secondary mirror 13 to the sample optical axis 17, and is focused on the current sample 18. The ultraviolet visible light signal excited by the ultraviolet pulsed laser from the current sample 18 is transmitted upward along the sample optical axis 17, is reflected and redirected by the planar microscopic secondary mirror 13 to the concave microscopic main mirror 15, after being reflected by the concave microscopic main mirror 15, and then is reflected by the dichroic filter 11, and is redirected to the imaging optical axis 8 and divided into two parts: one part passes through the perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror 9, after filtering out the pump light wavelength component, is reflected and redirected to the spectral optical axis 44, passes through the fiber optic coupling mirror 40, passes through the laser window 27, is converged into the coupling optical fiber 38, and then enters the spectral subsystem 41 through the entrance slit 37; the other part passes through the central hole 10 of the perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror 9, is imaged by the ultraviolet lens 6 to the ultraviolet CCD 7, and the main controller 1 receives the output image of the ultraviolet CCD 7 and the output spectral data of the secondary imaging area array 34 and analyzes them.

[0050] Among them, the CCD is a charge - coupled device, that is, a charge - coupled device.

[0051] As a preferred method, the concave microscopic main mirror 15 and the planar microscopic secondary mirror 13 form a micro - area analysis mirror group, and their surfaces are both coated with ultraviolet - enhanced coatings 14, which can efficiently reflect and focus light in the ultraviolet and visible bands (wavelength greater than or equal to 213 nm in this embodiment).

[0052] The spectral component A41 includes a housing, on which an incident slit 37 facing the spectral detection window 39 is provided. Inside the housing, there are a front concave converging mirror 36, an ultraviolet diffraction grating 35, and a rear concave converging mirror 32 that cooperate with each other. The partial ultraviolet and visible light is enhanced by an image intensifier inside the housing after passing through the front concave converging mirror 36, the ultraviolet diffraction grating 35, and the rear concave converging mirror 32, and then converted into a spectral signal.

[0053] The image intensifier includes a first-stage imaging array 43, a high-voltage module 31, a multi-channel intensifier 33, and a second-stage imaging array 34. The number and size of the pixels of the first-stage imaging array 43 and the second-stage imaging array 34 are the same and correspond one by one (in this embodiment, it is an image of 64 rows and 2048 columns, with 2048*64 pixels). The multi-channel intensifier 33 is located between the first-stage imaging array 43 and the second-stage imaging array 34 and connects the corresponding pixels. The high-voltage module 31 is used to apply a DC high voltage between the first-stage imaging array 43 and the second-stage imaging array 34. Under the acceleration of the DC electric field, the photoelectrons coming out of the first-stage imaging array 43 bombard the second-stage imaging array 34 after acceleration, playing a role in enhancing the spectral image signal. The enhanced spectral image signals are accumulated column by column to form a spectral signal (in this embodiment, it is a spectral signal of 2048 points). The signal light entering from the incident slit 37 diverges and is incident on the front concave converging mirror 36, is reflected and focused on the ultraviolet diffraction grating 35 by the front concave converging mirror 36, diverges and is incident on the rear concave converging mirror 32 after diffraction spectroscopy, is reflected and focused on the first-stage imaging array 43 by the rear concave converging mirror 32, and then reaches the second-stage imaging array 34 after signal enhancement and is converted into a spectral signal.

[0054] In this embodiment, a delay device 29 is further included. The delay device 29 is connected between the main controller 1 and the second-stage imaging array 34, and is used to adjust the time delay between the ultraviolet pulsed laser 30 and the second-stage imaging array 34, and is used to capture the atomic and molecular spectral signals at different moments.

[0055] Six axially symmetric samples are installed on the sample disk 42, one of which is the current sample 18, and the other five are samples to be measured 19. The sample disk 42 is installed on the electric rotary translation stage 20. When the electric rotary translation stage 20 rotates, the sample to be measured 19 can be switched to the current sample 18. When the electric rotary translation stage 20 moves left and right, forward and backward, the detection point of the current sample 18 can be changed to realize the detection of the substance composition at different positions of the current sample 18. When the ultraviolet pulsed laser moves up and down, the ultraviolet pulsed laser can be focused on the current sample 18. The movement of the electric rotary translation stage 20 is controlled by the motor controller 22.

[0056] In this embodiment, the main controller 1 is used to control the opening and closing of the intake valve 23 of the hybrid gas cylinder 24 and the pumping valve 25 of the molecular pump 26; to start and send a motion step control command to the motor controller 22; to set the time delay value of the delay unit 29; to start and set the magnetic field intensity and distribution of the magnetic field module 4; to set the repetition rate of the ultraviolet pulse laser 30; to read the pressure and temperature values of the pressure gauge 2 and the thermometer 3; to start and set the temperature value of the temperature regulator 12; to receive the output image of the ultraviolet CCD 7 and the output spectral data of the secondary imaging area array 34 and perform analysis, and is also used to set the exposure time of the secondary imaging area array 34.

[0057] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the scope defined by the claims. Several improvements and refinements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-region analysis system for a planetary simulation environment, characterized in that, It includes a planetary environment subsystem and a terrestrial laboratory environment subsystem; The terrestrial laboratory environment subsystem includes: A main controller (1); A spectral component A (41), electrically connected to the main controller (1), for converting signal light into spectral signals; An ultraviolet pulsed laser (30) for emitting ultraviolet pulsed lasers with the same wavelength and different repetition frequencies; The planetary environment subsystem includes: A planetary environment chamber (5) with a spectral detection window (39) for transmitting the detected spectral signals and a laser window (27) for transmitting ultraviolet pulsed lasers on its surface; A planetary environment simulation component for simulating the planetary environment to be studied inside the planetary environment chamber (5); A main optical axis component located on the main optical axis (16) perpendicular to the laser window (27); A spectral component B located on the spectral optical axis (44) perpendicular to the spectral detection window (39), for transmitting part of the ultraviolet and visible light excited by the ultraviolet pulsed laser of the current sample (18) to the spectral component A (41); An imaging component located on the imaging optical axis (8) perpendicular to the main optical axis (16) and the spectral optical axis (44) and electrically connected to the main controller (1); A sample disk (42) arranged facing the main optical axis component and holding the current sample (18); The main optical axis component includes: An ultraviolet laser beam expander (28) for expanding the ultraviolet pulsed laser passing through the laser window (27); A dichroic mirror (11) inclined on the main optical axis (16); A plano-microscopic secondary mirror (13) inclined on the main optical axis (16) and located on one side of the dichroic mirror (11); A concave microscopic primary mirror (15) located on one side of the plano-microscopic secondary mirror (13); The spectral component B includes: An optical fiber coupling mirror (40) located on one side of the spectral detection window (39); A perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror (9) obliquely opposite to the plano-microscopic secondary mirror (13) and located on one side of the optical fiber coupling mirror (40); The spectral component A (41) includes a housing with an incident slit (37) facing the spectral detection window (39). Inside the housing, there are a front concave converging mirror (36), an ultraviolet diffraction grating (35), and a rear concave converging mirror (32) that cooperate with each other. The part of the ultraviolet and visible light is enhanced by an imaging intensifier inside the housing and then converted into spectral signals; The imaging intensifier includes a first-stage imaging array (43), a high-voltage module (31), a multi-channel intensifier (33), and a second-stage imaging array (34). The pixel numbers and sizes of the first-stage imaging array (43) and the second-stage imaging array (34) are the same and correspond one by one. The multi-channel intensifier (33) is located between the first-stage imaging array (43) and the second-stage imaging array (34) and connects the corresponding pixels. The high-voltage module (31) is used to apply a DC high voltage between the first-stage imaging array (43) and the second-stage imaging array (34).

2. The micro-region analysis system for a planetary simulation environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The imaging component includes an ultraviolet lens (6) and an ultraviolet CCD (7) electrically connected to the main controller (1); the perforated ultraviolet Rayleigh mirror (9) and the dichroic filter (11) are respectively located at the intersections of the spectral optical axis (44) and the main optical axis (16) with the imaging optical axis (8).

3. The micro-region analysis system for a planetary simulation environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary environment simulation component includes: a magnetic field module (4) for providing magnetic fields with different intensities in the planetary environment chamber (5); a temperature regulator (12) for regulating the temperature in the planetary environment chamber (5); a gas mixing cylinder (24) filled with various gases in a proportion consistent with the planet under study, and connected to the planetary environment chamber (5) through a pipeline provided with an intake valve (23); a molecular pump (26) connected to the planetary environment chamber (5) through a pipeline provided with an exhaust valve (25) for the air pressure in the planetary environment chamber (5).

4. The micro-region analysis system for a planetary simulation environment according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pressure gauge (2) and a thermometer (3) for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and temperature are further provided in the planetary environment chamber (5).

5. The micro-region analysis system for a planetary simulation environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coupling optical fiber (38) is provided between the spectral component A (41) and the spectral detection window (39).

6. The micro-region analysis system for a planetary simulation environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample disk (42) is installed on an electric rotary translation stage (20) and several samples are placed thereon.

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