Device for dosing an additive into a fluid

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus (100) for dispensing an additive into a fluid, the apparatus comprising a valve body (101), a fluid inlet (102), and a fluid outlet (103). A first channel system extends in the valve body (101) between the fluid inlet (102) and the fluid outlet (103), and a second channel system extends in the valve body (101) between the fluid inlet (102) and the fluid outlet (103), such that, in operation, fluid can flow from the fluid inlet (102) to the fluid outlet (103) either through the first channel system or through the second channel system. The valve body (101) includes a docking element (120) configured to dock a cartridge (11) for the additive. A switching device (104) is provided, which can be switched if the cartridge (11) is docked, such that when the cartridge (11) is connected to the docking element (120), the second channel system is fluidly connected to the cartridge (11).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for dispensing additives into a fluid, such as an apparatus for dispensing additional liquids, gases, or solids soluble or dispersible in a liquid. In particular, the apparatus is suitable for descaling apparatus used for preparing hot beverages. Specifically, the apparatus is configured as a valve for supplying additives to a fluid. The apparatus is particularly suitable for supplying a descaling agent to a water supply channel leading to a brewing device or an apparatus for preparing hot beverages. Background Technology

[0002] Previously known valves for dispensing additives to fluids (e.g., valves for descaling brewing devices or coffee machines with water connections) involve switching valves and / or removing and attaching pipelines.

[0003] A drawback of previously known solutions is their susceptibility to error when descaling brewing devices or coffee machines. Valves may be switched incorrectly, or lines may be removed or attached incorrectly. Furthermore, descaling these brewing devices typically requires a technician, as the process is too complex and error-prone for operators, making it associated with considerable costs.

[0004] Document US20140060338 A1 discloses a descaling system for a beverage machine, which is equipped with a bypass line in which a cartridge containing water-soluble descaling tablets is arranged. Opening the connection to the bypass line via a three-way valve allows water to flow into the cartridge, releasing the descaling agent from the tablets and delivering the descaling solution to the brewing device. When the three-way valve is closed, water remains in the bypass line, and the descaling agent remains dissolved in this water. The longer the flow to the bypass line is interrupted, the higher the concentration of the dissolved descaling agent becomes. Therefore, the concentration of the descaling agent depends on the time elapsed between two descaling cycles. If the concentration is too low, descaling may be incomplete; if the concentration is too high, components in contact with the excessively concentrated descaling agent solution may corrode.

[0005] To avoid this drawback, according to EP 3 501 351 A1, a cartridge containing a liquid care product can be used. This cartridge includes a check valve in its neck, which can be opened by means of an opening element of a coupling device at the end of the dispensing line. Therefore, this solution requires a special cartridge with a check valve configured to match the opening element of the coupling device. A dispensing pump is also required to deliver the liquid care product, pumping it through the dispensing line into the water line of the beverage machine. Another variation, requiring the use of a special cartridge, is shown in DE 10 2011 081 010 A1.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for an improved apparatus for dispensing additives into fluids (e.g., for descaling devices used in the preparation of hot beverages), by which descaling can be carried out in a simple manner with a predetermined concentration of descaling agent.

[0007] Purpose of the invention

[0008] The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for dispensing additives into a fluid, which is easy to operate, less susceptible to erroneous manipulation, and allows for the predetermined concentration of the descaling agent. In particular, the apparatus is suitable for use with commercially available cartridges that do not contain a delivery or dispensing component for the additive. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The problem of the invention is solved by the apparatus according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of this apparatus are the subject matter of claims 2 to 14. The problem of the invention is solved by the method according to claim 15.

[0010] When the term "for example" is used in the following description, it refers to exemplary embodiments and / or variations, which are not necessarily to be construed as a preferred application of the teachings of this invention. Similarly, the terms "preferred" or "ideal" should be understood to refer to one example from a set of exemplary embodiments and / or variations, which are not necessarily to be construed as a preferred application of the teachings of this invention. Thus, the terms "for example," "preferred," or "ideal" may refer to multiple exemplary embodiments and / or variations.

[0011] The following describes in detail various exemplary embodiments of devices according to the invention. The description of any particular device is to be considered exemplary only. In the specification and claims, the terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are interpreted as “including but not limited to.”

[0012] An apparatus for dispensing an additive into a fluid includes a valve body, a fluid inlet, and a fluid outlet, wherein a first channel system in the valve body extends between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, and a second channel system extends in the valve body between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, such that, in an operating state, fluid can flow either from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet through the first channel system or from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet through the second channel system. The valve body includes a docking element configured to dock with a cartridge for the additive. A switching device is provided, which can be switched if the cartridge is docked, such that when the cartridge is connected to the docking element, the second channel system is fluidly connected to the cartridge. The switching device is actuated specifically by docking the cartridge on the valve body. The switching device is movable between a first position in which the fluid inlet is connected to the fluid outlet via the first channel system, and in a second position in which the fluid inlet is connected to the fluid outlet via the second channel system. The switching device moves from the first position to the second position by docking the cartridge onto the valve body. The connection between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet via the first channel system is interrupted by a switching device, while the connection between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet via the second channel system is opened by the switching device. The switching device specifically includes at least one sliding element, by which the connection between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet via the first channel system can be interrupted, wherein the connection between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet via the second channel system is simultaneously opened by the sliding element. The fluid inlet can specifically be configured as a water inlet. The fluid outlet can specifically be designed as a water outlet.

[0013] According to an embodiment, the switching device includes an inlet channel for supplying fluid to the barrel and an outlet channel for removing fluid containing additives from the barrel.

[0014] Specifically, if no additives are required, the fluid inlet can be connected to the fluid outlet via an overflow channel. When the switching device is in the first position, the overflow channel can be formed between the cover and the switching device. Specifically, when the switching device is in the second position, the overflow channel is closed.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the switching device includes an inlet plunger, an outlet plunger, and a separation element.

[0016] Specifically, the inlet plunger may include a base body and a base element, wherein a shoulder is configured as a transition between the base body and the base element. The outlet plunger may include a base body and a base element, wherein a shoulder is configured as a transition between the base body and the base element.

[0017] The base element of the inlet plunger may include an axial bore, in which a first spring element is disposed. The base element of the outlet plunger may include an axial bore, in which a second spring element is disposed.

[0018] The inlet seal can be located on the shoulder of the inlet plunger. The outlet seal can be located on the shoulder of the outlet plunger.

[0019] According to an embodiment, the switching device can be switched from a first position to a second position by docking the feed cylinder, wherein in the second position, the inlet channel is opened for supplying fluid to the feed cylinder, and the outlet channel is opened for removing fluid containing additives from the feed cylinder.

[0020] In particular, the switching device may include a shifting body.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the mating element includes an internal thread configured to engage with an external thread on the neck of the barrel.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the docking element is arranged in a recess in the valve body.

[0023] According to an embodiment, the valve body includes a seal disposed between the fluid inlet or fluid outlet and the mating element.

[0024] Specifically, the fluid can be water. Specifically, the additive can be a descaling agent or contain a descaling agent. Specifically, the additive can include syrup. Specifically, the additive can contain concentrate. The additive can also be an adjunct substance.

[0025] A method for dispensing an additive into a fluid includes an apparatus comprising a valve body, a fluid inlet, and a fluid outlet, wherein a first channel system in the valve body extends between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, and a second channel system extends between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, such that, in an operational state, fluid can flow either from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet through the first channel system or from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet through the second channel system. No additive is added to the fluid when it flows through the first channel system, while an additive is added to the fluid when it flows through the second channel system.

[0026] This method can be used, for example, to descale equipment used for preparing hot beverages. It can be used to add syrup to a soda stream. It can be used to dispense concentrates into fluids. It can be used to dispense additives into fluids. This method is also suitable for adding multiple additional substances or additives.

[0027] Hot beverages can include, for example, coffee, tea, milk, cocoa, or soup. Hot beverages can also be understood as another liquid food that has been heated, such as soup. This liquid food is consumed as a beverage.

[0028] An apparatus for preparing hot beverages may specifically include a device for producing an extract from an extractant material using an extractant. Specifically, the extractant may be water. The apparatus may include a supply line for the extractant, a descaling device according to one of the foregoing embodiments, a heating device, a brewing device, and an extract collection container. The brewing device contains the extractant material. The supply line is configured to supply the extractant to the heating device. A connection line from the heating device to the brewing device is provided for the heated extractant. The brewing device includes a receiving element for the extractant material, which is permeable to the extractant, such that the extract can be obtained through contact between the heated extractant and the extractant material. The extract collection container is configured to collect the extract. A flow meter for determining a volumetric flow rate measurement of the extractant is arranged in the supply line. According to an embodiment, the supply line includes a descaling device and, if necessary, a control valve.

[0029] The device may include a control unit, which comprises a calculation unit, a comparison unit, and a memory unit. The memory unit contains a number of dosage specifications, including the desired volumetric flow rate and desired temperature of the extractant used to prepare the extract. One of the dosage specifications can be selected via an input device containing the desired volumetric flow rate and desired temperature of the heated extractant. Specifically, the input device can be used to select the dosage specification for activating the descaling device. The opening time of the control valve can be determined by the calculation unit based on the desired volumetric flow rate, wherein the measured volumetric flow rate can be compared with the desired volumetric flow rate via the comparison unit, such that the control valve can be adjusted in such a way that the desired volumetric flow rate corresponds to the measured volumetric flow rate.

[0030] The aforementioned apparatus can be used to prepare various hot beverages, such as coffee, tea, and soup. The hot beverages can be wetted and brewed or extracted under pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The apparatus according to the invention is shown below according to some exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawings...

[0032] Figure 1 An apparatus according to a first embodiment is shown, wherein the barrel is in a first position.

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The device, in which the feed cylinder is in the second position.

[0034] Figure 3 Is it through Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the device,

[0035] Figure 4 It is a device in the form of a plan view according to the second embodiment.

[0036] Figure 5 Is it through Figure 4 A longitudinal sectional view of the device, wherein the barrel is in the second position.

[0037] Figure 6 Is it through Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the device,

[0038] Figure 7 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the device in the first position according to the third embodiment.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the device in the second position according to the third embodiment.

[0040] Figure 9 An embodiment of an apparatus for preparing a hot beverage according to one of the foregoing embodiments is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Figure 1 A device 10 for dispensing additives into a fluid (e.g., dispensing a descaling agent into a water stream for descaling an apparatus for preparing a hot beverage) according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown. According to this embodiment, the device is installed in a fluid line belonging to the apparatus.

[0042] For this purpose, a fluid inlet 2 (shown schematically) and a fluid outlet 3 are provided. Both fluid inlet 2 and fluid outlet 3 may have adapter elements (not shown) for connection to a fluid line. The device 10 includes a first channel system extending between fluid inlet 2 and fluid outlet 3, and a second channel system extending between fluid inlet 2 and fluid outlet 3, such that fluid can flow either from fluid inlet 2 to fluid outlet 3 through the first channel system or from fluid inlet 2 to fluid outlet 3 through the second channel system. The valve body 1 includes a docking element 20 configured to dock with a cartridge 11 for the additive. Switching devices 4, 5, and 28 are provided, which can be switched if cartridge 11 is docked, such that when cartridge 11 is connected to docking element 20, the second channel system is fluidly connected to cartridge 11. Switching devices 4, 5, and 28 include an inlet channel 21 for supplying fluid to the cartridge and an outlet channel 22 for removing fluid containing the additive from cartridge 11.

[0043] Specifically, if no additives are required, fluid inlet 2 is connected to fluid outlet 3 via overflow channels 14 and 15. When the switching device is in the first position, the overflow channels are formed between cover 12 and switching devices 4, 5, and 28. Figure 1The switching device includes an inlet plunger 4, an outlet plunger 5, and a separation element 28. The inlet plunger 4 includes a base body 41 and a base element 42. A shoulder 43 forms a transition between the base body 41 and the base element 42. An inlet seal 6 is disposed on the shoulder 43. The base element 42 includes an axial bore 44. A first spring element 8 is disposed in the axial bore 44.

[0044] The outlet plunger 5 includes a base body 51 and a base element 52. A shoulder 53 forms a transition between the base body 51 and the base element 52. An outlet seal 7 is disposed on the shoulder 53. The base element 52 includes an axial bore 54. A second spring element 9 is disposed in the axial bore 54.

[0045] according to Figure 1 The first channel system is formed by a first overflow channel 14, a connecting channel 16, and a second overflow channel 15. The connecting channel 16 connects the first overflow channel 14 to the second overflow channel 15. The inlet plunger 4 is slidably mounted in a hole in the valve body 1 of the device 10.

[0046] The inlet plunger 4 therefore includes an inlet seal 6 and a first spring element 8. The inlet seal 6 is used to close the inlet opening for the descaling agent. The inlet opening is closed when no additive is added to the fluid flowing through the first channel system.

[0047] The first spring element 8 is at least partially housed in the axial bore 44 of the inlet plunger 4, which in this embodiment is configured as a blind bore. The first spring element 8 is supported on the bottom of the blind bore and on the cover 12 of the valve body 1. The cover 12 is required to allow the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5 to be installed in corresponding holes in the valve body 1. According to this embodiment, the axial bores 44, 54 for the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5 are arranged adjacent to each other and have central axes that travel parallel to each other.

[0048] The outlet plunger 5 includes an outlet seal 7 and a second spring element 9. The outlet seal 7 is used to close the outlet opening 25 for additives. The outlet opening 25 is closed when no additive is added to the fluid flow through the first channel system. The second spring element 9 is at least partially received in an axial bore 54 of the outlet plunger 5, which, according to this embodiment, is configured as a blind bore. The second spring element 9 is supported on the bottom of the blind bore and on the cover 12 of the valve body 1.

[0049] The valve body 1 also includes a recess 23 configured to receive a cartridge 11 therein. The cartridge 11 is a container that can contain additives to be added to the fluid as needed. The cartridge 11 includes a cartridge neck 31, which, according to this embodiment, is equipped with external threads 19.

[0050] The second channel system is formed by an inlet channel 21, the interior of the barrel 11, and an outlet channel 22. The inlet channel 21 is connected to the fluid inlet 2. The outlet channel 22 leads to the fluid outlet 3. When the barrel 11 is housed in the valve body 1, the second channel system is only open to fluid flow.

[0051] In this embodiment, the external thread 19 located on the barrel neck 31 is screwed into the internal thread of the mating element 20. According to this embodiment, the valve body 1 has a recess 23 on its side opposite the cover 12, which is configured to receive at least the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11. The recess 23 has a mating element 20 with internal threads, which receives the external thread 19 of the barrel neck 31 when the barrel 11 is connected to the valve body 1.

[0052] Switching devices 4 and 5 switch from a first position to a second position via docking with the barrel 11. In the second position, the inlet channel 21 is opened to supply fluid to the barrel 11, and the outlet channel 22 is opened to remove the fluid containing the additive from the barrel 11. According to this embodiment, the end 32 of the barrel neck 31 rests on the base body 41 of the inlet plunger 4 and the base body 51 of the outlet plunger 5, while the barrel neck 31 is screwed into the internal thread of the docking element 20 of the valve body 1 located in the recess 23.

[0053] Figure 2 The apparatus 10 is shown with the barrel 11 in a second position, such as the descaling position. In the second position, the first channel system is closed to fluid flow, and the second channel system is open. When the external thread 19 on the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11 is screwed into the internal thread of the mating element 20 of the recess 23, the base bodies 41, 51 are displaced in the direction of the cover 12. The first and second spring elements 8, 9 are compressed. The inlet seal 6 and the outlet seal 7 rise from their seats 26, 27 in the valve body 1, thereby opening the inlet channel 21 and the outlet channel 22. Fluid can now flow into the barrel 11 through the inlet channel 21. The fluid absorbs the additive located inside the barrel 11 and leaves the barrel 11 through the outlet channel 22 (which leads to the fluid outlet 3) as a fluid flow loaded with additive.

[0054] The first channel system is closed by the displacement of the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5. Although fluid can continue to enter the first overflow channel 14, the end region of the inlet plunger 4 is pushed into the corresponding first closed cavity 17 in the cover 12, thereby closing the connecting channel 16. Fluid can no longer enter the connecting channel 16. The end region of the outlet plunger 5 is also pushed into the corresponding second closed cavity 18 in the cover 12, thereby interrupting the connection from the connecting channel 16 to the second overflow channel 15. The fluid containing the additive exits the device 10 through the fluid outlet 3.

[0055] The base body 41 is housed in the inlet opening 24 of the valve body 1. The inlet opening 24 is part of the inlet passage 21. The inner diameter of the inlet opening 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the base body 41, allowing fluid to flow between the base body and the inner wall of the valve body 1 formed by the inlet opening 24.

[0056] The base body 51 is housed in the outlet opening 25 of the valve body 1. The outlet opening 25 is part of the outlet passage 22. The inner diameter of the outlet opening 25 is larger than the outer diameter of the base body 51, allowing fluid to flow between the base body and the inner wall of the valve body 1 formed by the outlet opening 25.

[0057] The neck 31 of the barrel 11 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the recess 23. Therefore, fluid can flow both outside and inside the neck 31. To prevent leakage, a seal 29 is thus arranged in the recess 23, which prevents fluid from reaching the mating element 20 and from there to the environment.

[0058] Figure 3 It shows crossing according to Figure 2 The device 10 has a cross-section at the cross-sectional plane marked by dashed lines and two arrows, which is in Figure 2 The plane of the accompanying drawing is perpendicular to the viewpoint. The viewing direction is the direction of the barrel 11. This cross-section shows the valve body 1, inlet channel 21, outlet channel 22, base body 41 of the inlet plunger 4, base body 51 of the outlet plunger 5, inlet opening 24, and outlet opening 25. According to this embodiment, the two base bodies 41, 51 are not concentric with the corresponding inlet opening 24 and outlet opening 25, such that the main volumetric flow rate of the fluid is guided into the barrel 11, and only a small portion of the fluid can enter the space between the barrel neck 31 and the recess 23.

[0059] Figure 3 Also shown is the seat 26 forming for the inlet seal 6 (see Figure 1 ) and form a seat 27 for the outlet seal 7, and at this time the device is in Figure 1 The positions shown are as follows. Because the outer diameter of the base bodies 41 and 51 is significantly smaller than the inner diameter of the orifices designed to receive the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5, fluid can flow around the base bodies 41 and 51 and flow from the fluid inlet 2 into the barrel 11 and then from the barrel 11 to the fluid outlet 3.

[0060] Figure 1 and Figure 2A shifting body 13 is also shown, which is located inside the neck 31 of the barrel when the barrel is inserted into the recess 23 of the valve body 1. The shifting body 13 may be part of the valve body 1, or it may be connected to the valve body 1 via a separating element 28 extending between the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5. The connection between the shifting body 13 and the separating element 28 may be configured as a threaded connection, a plug connection, or a snap-fit ​​connection. The connection options are known to those skilled in the art and therefore will not be described further herein.

[0061] The displacement body 13 is used to introduce fluid into the additive. The displacement body 13 can be used to ensure that the fluid flow from the inlet channel 21 is guided through the additive and absorbed during its passage through the barrel 11. Without the displacement body 13, a partial fluid flow can be formed, which would create a bypass for the additive, so little or no additive would be absorbed by the fluid flow in the flow path through the barrel 11.

[0062] The shifting body 13 also has the advantage that no additives or fluids enter the environment during the assembly or disassembly of the barrel 11. When the barrel is docked with the switching devices 4 and 5, the shifting body is located inside the barrel neck 31. The barrel is typically not completely filled. This means that up to 80% of the volume of the barrel 11 is filled with additives. If the barrel 11 cannot be installed in a vertical position but is installed in an inclined position, the shifting body 13 ensures that the additives do not leak out.

[0063] If the cartridge 11 is disassembled because the additive has been used up, the displacement body 13 finds another advantageous use. During disassembly, the cartridge 11 is completely filled with fluid. If the cartridge 11 is removed, fluid may overflow, especially if the cartridge 11 is not in an upright position. However, a portion of the fluid is displaced by the displacement body 13. If the cartridge 11 is disassembled, any fluid present in the inlet channel 21 or outlet channel 22 or in the cartridge neck 31 can flow into the space released by the displacement body 13, so that the cartridge 11 is no longer completely filled with fluid and can therefore be removed without any fluid leakage into the environment.

[0064] Figure 4 The apparatus 50 according to the second embodiment is shown in plan view, wherein the same reference numerals are used for elements in this embodiment that are the same as or have the same effect as those in the previous embodiment. Figure 4 The valve body 1 and the cover 12 inserted into the valve body 1 are shown. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment, in that the cover 12 is not placed on the valve body 1, but rather inserted into the valve body 1. The cover 12 is held in place by a locking ring 40.

[0065] Figure 5 It shows according to Figure 4 A longitudinal sectional view of the device 50 shows the barrel 11 in a second position, i.e., a docking position, where fluid flows through the barrel 11 to absorb the additive located therein. The device 50 can also be used, for example, to descale a device for preparing hot beverages. The device 50 is attached, for example, to a fluid line belonging to that device. However, the device 50 can be installed in any fluid line. The device 50 includes a fluid inlet 2 and a fluid outlet 3, schematically shown. Both the fluid inlet 2 and the fluid outlet 3 may have adapter elements (not shown) for connection to a fluid line. The device 50 includes a first channel system extending between the fluid inlet 2 and the fluid outlet 3, and a second channel system extending between the fluid inlet 2 and the fluid outlet 3, such that fluid can flow either from the fluid inlet 2 to the fluid outlet 3 through the first channel system, or from the fluid inlet 2 to the fluid outlet 3 through the second channel system. The valve body 1 includes a docking element 20 configured to dock with the barrel 11 for the additive. Switching devices 4, 5, and 28 are provided, which can be switched such that when the barrel 11 is docked, the second channel system fluidly connects to the barrel 11. The switching device includes an inlet channel 21 for supplying fluid to the barrel and an outlet channel 22 for removing the fluid containing the additive from the barrel 11.

[0066] Specifically, when no additive is required, fluid inlet 2 is connected to fluid outlet 3 via overflow channels 14 and 15. When the switching device is in the first position, the overflow channel is formed between cover 12 and switching devices 4, 5, and 28. Figure 5 The switching device includes an inlet plunger 4, an outlet plunger 5, and a separation element 28. The inlet plunger 4 includes a base body 41 and a base element 42. A shoulder 43 forms a transition between the base body 41 and the base element 42. An inlet seal 6 is disposed on the shoulder 43. The base element 42 includes an axial bore 44. A first spring element 8 is disposed in the axial bore 44.

[0067] The outlet plunger 5 includes a base body 51 and a base element 52. A shoulder 53 forms a transition between the base body 51 and the base element 52. An outlet seal 7 is disposed on the shoulder 53. The base element 52 includes an axial bore 54. A second spring element 9 is disposed in the axial bore 54.

[0068] according to Figure 5The first channel system is formed by a first overflow channel 14, a connecting channel 16, and a second overflow channel 15. When the switching element is in the first position, the connecting channel 16 connects the first overflow channel 14 to the second overflow channel 15, which is not shown in the figure. An inlet plunger 4 is arranged in the first overflow channel 14, and an outlet plunger 5 is arranged in the second overflow channel 15. The inlet plunger 4 is slidably mounted in a recess 23 in the valve body 1 of the device 50.

[0069] The inlet plunger 4 therefore includes an inlet seal 6 and a first spring element 8. The inlet seal 6 is used to close the inlet opening 24 for additives. When no additive is added to the fluid flowing through the first channel system, the inlet opening 24 is closed, which... Figure 5 Not shown in the image.

[0070] The first spring element 8 is at least partially housed in the axial bore 44 of the inlet plunger 4, which in this embodiment is configured as a blind bore. The first spring element 8 is supported on the bottom of the blind bore and on the cover 12 of the valve body 1. The cover 12 is required to allow the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5 to be installed in corresponding holes in the valve body 1. According to this embodiment, the axial bores 44, 54 for the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5 are arranged adjacent to each other and have central axes that travel parallel to each other.

[0071] The outlet plunger 5 includes an outlet seal 7 and a second spring element 9. The outlet seal 7 is used to close the outlet opening 25 for additives. When no additive is added to the fluid flow through the first channel system, the outlet opening 25 is closed, which... Figure 5 Not shown. The second spring element 9 is at least partially housed in the axial bore 54 of the outlet plunger 5, which, according to this exemplary embodiment, is designed as a blind bore. The second spring element 9 is supported on the bottom of the blind bore and on the cover 12 of the valve body 1.

[0072] The valve body 1 also includes a recess 23 adapted to receive a cartridge 11 therein. The cartridge 11 is a container that can contain additives that can be added to the fluid as needed. The cartridge 11 includes a cartridge neck 31, which, according to this embodiment, is equipped with external threads 19.

[0073] The second channel system is formed by an inlet channel 21, the interior of the barrel 11, and an outlet channel 22. The inlet channel 21 connects to the fluid inlet 2. The outlet channel 22 leads to the fluid outlet 3. Figure 5 As shown, when the barrel 11 is housed in the valve body 1, the second channel system is only open to fluid flow.

[0074] In this embodiment, the external thread 19 located on the barrel neck 31 is screwed into the internal thread of the mating element 20. According to this embodiment, the valve body 1 has a recess 23 on its side opposite the cover 12, which is configured to receive at least the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11. According to this embodiment, the recess 23 also includes an inlet plunger 4 and an outlet plunger 5.

[0075] The recess 23 has a mating element 20 with internal threads, which receives the external threads 19 of the barrel neck 31 when the barrel 11 is connected to the valve body 1. Figure 5 As shown.

[0076] The switching devices 4 and 5 switch from a first position to a second position via the docking of the barrel 11, wherein in the second position, the inlet channel 21 for supplying fluid to the barrel 11 and the outlet channel 22 for removing the fluid containing the additive from the barrel 11 are opened. According to this embodiment, before the barrel neck 31 is screwed into the internal thread of the docking element 20 of the valve body 1 located in the recess 23, the end 32 of the barrel neck 31 rests on the base body 41 of the inlet plunger 4 and the base body 51 of the outlet plunger 5.

[0077] therefore, Figure 5 The device 50 is shown with the barrel 11 in a second position, such as the descaling position. In the second position, the first channel system is closed to fluid flow, and the second channel system is open. When the external thread 19 on the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11 is screwed into the internal thread of the mating element 20 of the recess 23, the base bodies 41, 51 are displaced in the direction of the cover 12. The first and second spring elements 8, 9 are compressed. The inlet seal 6 and the outlet seal 7 rise from their seats 26, 27 in the valve body 1, thereby opening the inlet channel 21 and the outlet channel 22. Fluid can now flow into the barrel 11 through the inlet channel 21. The fluid absorbs the additive located inside the barrel 11 and leaves the barrel 11 as an additive-loaded fluid flow through the outlet channel 22 (which leads to the fluid outlet 3). For this purpose, crescent-shaped protrusions 45, 55 are provided, which protrude in Figure 6 The image is shown in cross-section.

[0078] The first channel system is closed by the displacement of the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5. According to this embodiment, fluid cannot enter the first overflow channel 14 because this channel is closed by the inlet plunger 4. The outlet plunger 5 also closes the connection to the second overflow channel 15. The fluid containing the additive exits the device 50 through the fluid outlet 3.

[0079] The base body 41 is housed in the inlet opening 24 of the valve body 1. The inlet opening 24 is part of the inlet passage 21. The inner diameter of the inlet opening 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the base body 41, allowing fluid to flow between the base body and the inner wall of the valve body 1 formed by the inlet opening 24.

[0080] The base body 51 is housed in the outlet opening 25 of the valve body 1. The outlet opening 25 is part of the outlet passage 22. The inner diameter of the outlet opening 25 is larger than the outer diameter of the base body 51, allowing fluid to flow between the base body and the inner wall of the valve body 1 formed by the outlet opening 25.

[0081] At least in the area not occupied by the docking element 20, the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the recess 23. Therefore, fluid can flow both outside and inside the barrel neck 31. To prevent leakage, a seal 29 is thus arranged in the recess 23, which prevents fluid from reaching the docking element 20 and from there reaching the environment.

[0082] Figure 5 Also shown is the seat 26 forming for the inlet seal 6 (see Figure 1 ) and form a seat 27 for the outlet seal 7, and at this time the device is in Figure 1 The location shown in the image. Because according to... Figure 5 The outer diameter of the base bodies 41 and 51 is also significantly smaller than the inner diameter of the orifice designed to accommodate the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5, so that fluid can flow around the base bodies 41 and 51 and flow into the feed cylinder 11 from the fluid inlet 2, and then flow from the feed cylinder 11 to the fluid outlet 3.

[0083] Figure 5 A shifting body 13 is also shown, which is located inside the barrel neck 31 when the barrel is inserted into the recess 23 of the valve body 1. According to this embodiment, the shifting body 13 is connected to a separating element 28 extending between the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5. The connection between the shifting body 13 and the separating element 28 can be configured as a threaded connection, a plug connection, or a snap-fit ​​connection. These connection options are known to those skilled in the art and therefore will not be described further herein.

[0084] The displacement body 13 is used to introduce fluid into the additive. The displacement body 13 can be used to ensure that the fluid flow from the inlet channel 21 is directed onto or through the additive and absorbed during its passage through the barrel 11. Without the displacement body 13, a partial fluid flow can be formed, which would create a bypass for the additive, so little or no additive would be absorbed by the fluid flow through the flow path of the barrel 11.

[0085] The shifting body 13 also has the advantage that no additives or fluids enter the environment during the assembly or disassembly of the barrel 11. When the barrel is docked with the switching devices 4 and 5, the shifting body is located inside the barrel neck 31. The barrel is typically not completely filled. This means that up to 80% of the volume of the barrel 11 is filled with additives. If the barrel 11 cannot be installed in a vertical position but is installed in an inclined position, the shifting body 13 ensures that the additives do not leak out.

[0086] If the cartridge 11 is disassembled because the additive has been used up, the displacement body 13 finds another advantageous use. During disassembly, the cartridge 11 is completely filled with fluid. If the cartridge 11 is removed, fluid may overflow, especially if the cartridge 11 is not in an upright position. However, a portion of the fluid is displaced by the displacement body 13. If the cartridge 11 is disassembled, fluid present in the inlet channel 21 or outlet channel 22 or in the cartridge neck 31 can flow into the space released by the displacement body 13, so that the cartridge 11 is no longer completely filled with fluid and can therefore be removed without fluid leakage and entry into the environment.

[0087] Figure 6 It shows crossing according to Figure 5 The cross-section of the device 50, marked with a dashed line and two arrows, is a plane section in which... Figure 5 The view is perpendicular to the plane of the accompanying drawing. The viewing direction is chosen to correspond to the direction of the cover 12. This section shows the valve body 1, inlet channel 21, outlet channel 22, base body 41 of the inlet plunger 4, and base body 51 of the outlet plunger 5. According to this embodiment, the two base bodies 41, 51 are concentrically arranged in corresponding recesses 23 for the inlet plunger 4 and the outlet plunger 5, thus providing a protrusion 45 that forms a connection between the fluid inlet 2 and the inlet opening 24 located in front of the plane of the drawing. A corresponding protrusion 55 is provided that forms a connection between the outlet opening 25 (not visible here) and the fluid outlet 3.

[0088] Figure 7A longitudinal sectional view through the device 100 according to the third embodiment in a first position is shown. The device 100 can be used for descaling an apparatus for preparing hot beverages. The device 100 can be installed in a fluid line associated with the apparatus. The device 100 can also be arranged in any fluid line containing a fluid to which an additive must be added. For this purpose, a fluid inlet 102 (shown schematically) and a fluid outlet 103 are provided. Both the fluid inlet 102 and the fluid outlet 103 can have adapter elements (not shown) for connection to the fluid line. The device 100 includes a first channel system extending between the fluid inlet 102 and the fluid outlet 103 and a second channel system extending between the fluid inlet 102 and the fluid outlet 103, such that fluid can either flow from the fluid inlet 102 to the fluid outlet 103 through the first channel system or from the fluid inlet 102 to the fluid outlet 103 through the second channel system. The valve body 101 includes a docking element 120 configured to dock with a cartridge 11 for the additive. A switching device 104 is provided, which can be switched when the barrel 11 is docked, such that when the barrel 11 is connected to the docking element 120, the second channel system fluidly connects to the barrel 11. The switching device 104 includes an inlet channel 121 for supplying fluid to the barrel and an outlet channel 122 for removing the fluid containing the additive from the barrel 11.

[0089] Specifically, when no additive is required, the fluid inlet 102 is connected to the fluid outlet 103 via the overflow channel 114. When the switching device 104 is in the first position, the overflow channel 114 is formed between the cover 112 and the switching device 104. According to... Figure 7 The switching device 104 includes a base element 142 and a shifting body 113. The shoulder 143 forms a transition between the base element 142 and the shifting body 113. A spring element 108 is arranged between the base element 142 and the cover 112.

[0090] according to Figure 7 The first channel system is formed by an overflow channel 114. In a first position, the base element 142 is located below the fluid inlet 102 and the fluid outlet 103, allowing unobstructed flow through the overflow channel 114 and through the valve body 101. The inlet opening is closed when no additive is added to the fluid flow through the first channel system.

[0091] Spring element 108 is supported on base element 142 and cover 112 of valve body 101. Cover 112 is required so that switching device 104 can be installed in corresponding recess 123 in valve body 101.

[0092] The recess 123 of the valve body 101 also serves to receive the cartridge 11, which can be designed as in the previous embodiments and therefore has the same reference numerals. The cartridge 11 is a container that can contain additives that can be added to the fluid flow as needed. The cartridge 11 includes a cartridge neck 31, which, according to this embodiment, is equipped with external threads 19.

[0093] The second channel system is formed by an inlet channel 121, the interior of the barrel 11, and an outlet channel 122. When the switching device 104 is in the second position, the inlet channel 121 is connected to the fluid inlet 102. The outlet channel 122 leads to the fluid outlet 103. When the barrel 11 is housed in the docking element 120 in the valve body 101, the second channel system is open only to fluid flow.

[0094] In this embodiment, the external thread 19 located on the barrel neck 31 is screwed into the internal thread of the mating element 120. According to this embodiment, the valve body 101 has a recess 123 configured to receive at least the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11. The recess 123 contains the mating element 120.

[0095] The switching device 104 switches from a first position to a second position via the docking of the barrel 11, wherein the inlet channel 121 for supplying fluid to the barrel 11 and the outlet channel 122 for removing the additive-loaded fluid from the barrel 11 are open in the second position. According to this embodiment, when the barrel 11 is screwed into the internal thread of the docking element 120 of the valve body 101 located in the recess 123, the end 32 of the barrel neck 31 rests on the base element 142 of the switching device 104.

[0096] Figure 8 The apparatus 100 is shown with the barrel 11 in a second position, such as a descaling position. In the second position, the first channel system is closed to fluid flow, and the second channel system is open. The switching device 104 is displaced in the direction of the cover 112 when the external thread 19 on the barrel neck 31 of the barrel 11 is screwed into the internal thread of the mating element 120 of the recess 123. The spring element 108 disposed between them is compressed. The inlet channel 121 and outlet channel 122 are opened when the inlet opening covers the corresponding outlet opening of the fluid inlet 102 and the outlet opening of the outlet channel 122 covers the inlet opening of the fluid outlet 103. Fluid can now flow into the barrel 11 through the inlet channel 121. The fluid absorbs the additive located inside the barrel 11 and exits the barrel 11 through the outlet channel 122 (which leads to the fluid outlet 103) as a fluid flow carrying the additive.

[0097] The first channel system is closed by the displacement of the switching device 104. Fluid can no longer enter the overflow channel 114 because the inlet is blocked by the outer wall of the switching device 104. The fluid containing the additive leaves the device 100 through the fluid outlet 103.

[0098] The switching device 104 is held in the recess 123 of the valve body 101 by an anti-twist device (not shown) to ensure that the fluid inlet 102 is aligned with the inlet channel 121 in the second position and the fluid outlet 103 is aligned with the outlet channel 122.

[0099] The neck 31 of the barrel 11 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the recess 23. In this embodiment, fluid cannot flow out of the neck 31 because the end of the neck rests on the shoulder 143 of the base element 142 of the switching device 104. To prevent any leakage, a sealing element (not shown) may be arranged on the shoulder 143, wherein the sealing element may comprise an elastic material.

[0100] According to this embodiment, the valve body 101 includes a seal 129 disposed between the fluid inlet 102 or fluid outlet 103 and the docking element 120. This seal 129 can be used to prevent any leakage between the switching device 104 and the valve body 101. The cover 112 also includes a seal 106 that prevents any leakage between the cover 112 and the valve body 101. The cover 112 is secured by a fixing device, such as a retaining ring 140, such that even if increased pressure caused by the compression of the spring element 108 acts on the cover 112 in the second position, the cover remains in its position.

[0101] When the switching device 104 is in the first position, the device is also secured by the fixing device 115. For example, the fixing device 115 may include a fixing ring.

[0102] Figure 7 and Figure 8The diagram also shows a shifting body 113, which is located inside the neck 31 of the barrel when the barrel is inserted into the recess 123 of the valve body 101. According to this embodiment, the shifting body 113 is part of the switching device 104. According to this embodiment, the shifting body 113 and the base element 142 are made as a single piece. The connection between the shifting body 113 and the base element 142 can also be configured as a threaded connection, a plug connection, or a snap-fit ​​connection. Connection options are known to those skilled in the art and therefore will not be described further here. The shifting body 113 is used to introduce fluid into the additive. The shifting body 113 can be used to ensure that the fluid flow from the inlet channel 21 is directed onto or through the additive and absorbs the additive as it passes through the barrel 11. Without the shifting body 113, a partial fluid flow can be formed, which would create a bypass for the additive, so little or no additive would be absorbed by the fluid flow through the flow path of the barrel 11.

[0103] The shifting body 113 also has the advantage that no additives or fluids leak into the environment during the assembly or disassembly of the barrel 11. When the barrel is docked with the switching device 104, the shifting body 113 is located inside the barrel neck 31. The barrel 11 is typically not completely filled. This means that up to 80% of the barrel's volume is filled with additives. If the barrel 11 cannot be installed in a vertical position but is installed in an inclined position, the shifting body 113 ensures that the additives do not leak out.

[0104] If the cartridge 11 is disassembled because the additive has been used up, the displacement body 113 finds another advantageous use. During disassembly, the cartridge 11 is completely filled with fluid. If the cartridge 11 is removed, fluid may overflow, especially if the cartridge 11 is not in an upright position. However, a portion of the fluid is displaced by the displacement body 113. If the cartridge 11 is disassembled, any fluid in the inlet channel 121, the outlet channel 122, or the cartridge neck 31 can flow into the space released by the displacement body 113, so that the cartridge 11 is no longer completely filled with fluid and is therefore removed without any fluid leakage into the environment.

[0105] Figure 9An embodiment of an apparatus for preparing a hot beverage is shown. The apparatus may be part of a system 60 that produces extract 80 from extractant 68 using extractant 63, including a supply line 64 for extractant 63, a heating device 66, a brewing device 61, and an extract collection container 78. If system 60 is used to produce a hot beverage, extractant 63 may be water. For this application, supply line 64 is connected to a water connection. The water connection may be configured as a reservoir, tank, or pipe. If desired, the water connection may include a water treatment system, such as a descaling system. The pressure of extractant 63 is in the range of one to two bar, which may substantially correspond to the pressure supplied in the water line.

[0106] The devices 10, 50, 100 of one of the foregoing embodiments can be arranged at any desired location on the supply line 64.

[0107] Supply line 64 is configured to supply extractant 63 to heating device 66. According to this embodiment, heating device 66 includes a heating element 81 for heating extractant 63. A temperature measuring device 82 may be provided to determine the dominant temperature in heating device 66. Temperature measuring device 82 may include a temperature sensor or a temperature probe.

[0108] A connecting line 67 is provided for the heated extractant 63 from the heating device 66 to the brewing device 61. A temperature measuring device 83 may be arranged in the connecting line 67, preferably directly where it is connected to the heating device 66.

[0109] according to Figure 9 The brewing apparatus 61 includes a pressure vessel 62. The extracted material 68 is disposed inside this pressure vessel 62 and is therefore shown schematically. In the supply line 64, there is a device, such as a pump 65, for increasing the pressure of the extractant 63. The supply line 64, heating device 66, connecting line 67, and brewing apparatus 61 form a closed system such that no pressure loss occurs in the system except for line losses, and the pressure of the heated extractant 63 substantially corresponds to the pressure applied by the device for increasing the pressure. The extracted material 68 may be disposed in or on a receiving element 69, which may be configured as a filter holder, capsule, bag, or pad for preparing hot beverages. For preparing hot beverages, the pressure is typically in the range from 5 bar up to (inclusive) 20 bar.

[0110] According to this embodiment, a pressure sensor 71 is disposed in the supply line 64 between the pump 65 and the heating device 66. The pressure generated by the pump 65 can be measured by the pressure sensor 71. The measured pressure value determined by the pressure sensor 71 is transmitted to the control unit 70. Furthermore, the pump 65 may include an angular velocity sensor or a flow meter, by means of which the volumetric flow rate or throughput flowing through the pump 65 can be determined. The corresponding measured values ​​of angular velocity, volumetric flow rate, or throughput can also be transmitted to the control unit 70. According to this embodiment, the flow meter 72 is therefore located directly on the pump 65, rather than upstream of the pump 65, as... Figure 9 Possible variations are shown. Of course, flow meter 72 can also be located upstream of pump 65.

[0111] Optionally, the extractant 63 can be dispensed via a control valve 73. For this purpose, the control valve 73 can be controlled by the control unit 70 in such a way that it closes when the measured volumetric flow rate corresponds to the proportion of heated extractant 63 required for a specific stage of the extraction process and to be fed into the brewing apparatus 61. The dispensing specifications for the extractant 63 can include single-stage or multi-stage dispensing. The control valve 73 can particularly be configured as a proportional valve.

[0112] The use of a pressurizing device for the extractant 63 in the supply line 64 enables the generation of one or more flow distributions covered by a minimum or maximum pressure distribution. This means that different pressures or volumetric flow rates can be set by adjusting the pump 65 or the control valve 73. The pressure or volumetric flow rate can vary during the duration of the extraction process; that is, the extraction process can include multiple stages, each characterized by different pressures or volumetric flow rates.

[0113] This means that the volumetric flow rate or pressure in the supply line 64 downstream of the pressurization device can change during the duration of the extraction process. Therefore, the volumetric flow rate or pressure in the connecting line 67 can also be changed.

[0114] A multi-way valve 74 may optionally be arranged in the connecting line 67. The multi-way valve 74 is located between the heating device 66 and the brewing device 61. According to this embodiment, the multi-way valve 74 has three different combinations of fluid connections; it is configured as a three-way valve. According to this embodiment, the multi-way valve 74 has three different locations and three fluid lines. One of these fluid lines is the connecting line 67, through which the heated extractant 63 can be supplied to the multi-way valve 74. Another second fluid line is the connecting line 75, through which the heated extractant 63 can be supplied to the brewing device 61. A third fluid line, configured as a wastewater line 76, may be provided for supplying the heated extractant 63 to a wastewater tank or wastewater channel.

[0115] In the first position of the multi-way valve 74, the connecting line 67 is connected to the connecting line 75 for carrying out the extraction process. In the first position, the connection to the wastewater line 76 is interrupted, allowing unheated extractant 63 to be supplied to the wastewater line 76.

[0116] In the second position of the multi-way valve 74, the connecting line 67 is connected to the wastewater line 76. The connection to the connecting line 75 is interrupted in the second position, allowing unheated extractant 63 to be supplied to the connecting line 75. In the second position, both the connecting line 67 and the supply line 64 can be flushed.

[0117] It may be advantageous to preheat the connecting line 67 and the multi-way valve 74 using the heated extractant 63, so as to precisely set the temperature for subsequent extraction. Therefore, optimal temperature conditions for extraction can be achieved. In particular, any temperature distribution can be precisely set, especially by the control unit 70. The control unit 70 includes a calculation unit 85, a comparison unit 86, and a memory unit 87. The memory unit 87 contains multiple dosage specifications containing the desired volumetric flow rate and desired temperature of the extractant 63 for producing the extract 80. One of the dosage specifications, including the desired volumetric flow rate and desired temperature of the heated extractant 63, can be selected via the input device 89. The opening time of the control valve 73 can be determined by means of the calculation unit 85 based on the desired volumetric flow rate. The measured volumetric flow rate value can be compared with the desired volumetric flow rate by the comparison unit 86, so that the control valve 73 can be adjusted in such a way that the desired volumetric flow rate corresponds to the measured volumetric flow rate value.

[0118] In the third position of the multi-way valve 74, a connection can be established between the connecting line 75 and the wastewater line 76. In the third position, the connection to the connecting line 67 is interrupted. The pressure in the pressure vessel 62, which is still elevated compared to the environment, can be reduced, especially at the end of the extraction. The wastewater line 76 can also be used to drain water containing descaling agent before it enters the rinsing device 61, preventing the descaling agent from entering the rinsing device.

[0119] The multi-way valve 74 can have two or three of the positions described, which means that a two-way valve can also be provided instead of the three-way valve shown.

[0120] The brewing device 61 includes an extraction material 68. The brewing device 61 includes a receiving element 69 for the extraction material 68, which is permeable to a heated extractant 63, such that an extract 80 can be obtained through contact between the heated extractant 63 and the extraction material 68. The extract 80 exits the brewing device via an outlet 77 to at least partially fill an extract collection container 78. The extract collection container 78 is configured to collect the extract 80. The extract collection container 78 may, in particular, include a cup for receiving hot beverages.

[0121] The dominant pressure in the connecting line 75 can be measured using a pressure gauge 84. The measured pressure value can be transmitted to the control unit 70. The measured pressure value determined by the pressure gauge 84 can be used by the calculation unit 85 and comparison unit 86 located in the control unit 70 to cover the pressure distribution characterizing the extraction process.

[0122] Therefore, the extraction process can be controlled as needed by the control unit 70, as different flow rates, pressures, temperatures, and pauses between each brewing or extraction stage can be set.

[0123] According to this embodiment, when there is no extractant 68 in the brewing device, the connecting line 67, multi-way valve 74, connecting line 75, brewing device 61, valve 88, and outlet 77 can be preheated by the heated extractant. Therefore, during the actual extraction process, the heated extractant is not cooled or only slightly cooled before reaching the extractant 68. Thus, the temperature of the heated extractant can be precisely regulated, resulting in improved temperature stability during the extraction process.

[0124] According to each of the embodiments, the extract 68 can be extracted using substantially the same pressure for the entire extract 68, so that a more uniform extraction with improved mass transfer from the extract 68 to the heated extractant 63 can be performed, thereby increasing the concentration of the soluble components of the extract 68 in the extract 80.

[0125] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other variations are possible besides the described exemplary embodiments without departing from the inventive concept. Therefore, the subject matter of the invention is not limited to the foregoing description, but is determined by the scope of protection defined by the claims. For the interpretation of the claims or description, the broadest possible reading of the claims is crucial. In particular, the terms "include" or "contain" should be interpreted as referring to an element, component, or step in a non-exclusive sense, indicating that the element, component, or step may be present or used, and may be combined with other elements, components, or steps not expressly mentioned. When a claim relates to an element or component in a group that may consist of elements or components A, B, C, to N, this language should be interpreted as requiring only a single element from that group, and not a combination of A and N, B and N, or any other combination of two or more elements or components from that group.

Claims

1. An apparatus (10, 50, 100) for dispensing an additive into a fluid, the apparatus comprising a valve body (1, 101), a fluid inlet (2, 102), and a fluid outlet (3, 103), wherein a first channel system in the valve body (1, 101) extends between the fluid inlet (2, 102) and the fluid outlet (3, 103), and a second channel system extends between the fluid inlet (2, 102) and the fluid outlet (3, 103), such that, in an operating state, fluid can flow through the first channel system from the fluid inlet (2, 102) to the fluid outlet (3, 103), or through the second channel system to the fluid outlet (3, 103). The fluid flows from the fluid inlet (2, 102) to the fluid outlet (3, 103) via the second channel system, wherein the valve body (1, 101) includes docking elements (20, 120) configured to dock with a barrel (11) for the additive, wherein switching devices (4, 5, 28, 104) are provided, wherein if the barrel (11) is docked to the docking elements (20, 120), the switching devices are configured to be switched such that when the barrel (11) is connected to the docking elements (20, 120), the second channel system is fluidly connected to the barrel (11); the switching devices include shifting bodies (13, 113).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the switching device (4, 5, 28, 104) comprises an inlet channel (21, 121) for supplying fluid to the barrel (11) and an outlet channel (22, 122) for removing fluid loaded with the additive from the barrel (11).

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein if the additive is not required, the fluid inlet (2, 102) is connected to the fluid outlet (3, 103) via an overflow passage (14, 15, 114).

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the switching device is in the first position, the overflow channel is formed between the cover (12, 112) and the switching device (4, 5, 28, 104).

5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the overflow channel (14, 15, 114) is closed when the switching device (4, 5, 28, 104) is in the second position.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the switching device (4, 5) comprises an inlet plunger (4) and an outlet plunger (5) and a separation element (28).

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the inlet plunger (4) comprises a base body (41) and a base element (42), wherein a shoulder (43) is configured as a transition between the base body (41) and the base element (42), wherein the outlet plunger (5) comprises a base body (51) and a base element (52), wherein a shoulder (53) is configured as a transition between the base body (51) and the base element (52).

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the base element (42) includes an axial hole (44) wherein a first spring element (8) is disposed in the axial hole (44), wherein the base element (52) includes an axial hole (54) wherein a second spring element (9) is disposed in the axial hole (54).

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the inlet seal (6) is disposed on the shoulder (43) and the outlet seal (7) is disposed on the shoulder (53).

10. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the switching device (4, 5, 104) is capable of switching from a first position to a second position by docking the barrel (11), wherein in the second position, the inlet channel (21, 121) is open for supplying the fluid to the barrel, and the outlet channel (22, 122) is open for removing the fluid containing the additive from the barrel.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mating element (20, 120) comprises an internal thread configured to engage an external thread (19) on the neck of the barrel.

12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the docking elements (20, 120) are arranged in the recess of the valve body (1, 101).

13. The device of claim 12, wherein the valve body includes a seal (29, 129) disposed between the fluid inlet (2, 102) or the fluid outlet (3, 103) and the docking element (20, 120).

14. A method for dispensing an additive into a fluid, comprising an apparatus including a valve body (1, 101), a fluid inlet (2, 102), and a fluid outlet (3, 103), wherein a first channel system in the valve body (1, 101) extends between the fluid inlet (2, 102) and the fluid outlet (3, 103), and a second channel system extends between the fluid inlet (2, 102) and the fluid outlet (3, 103), such that fluid can flow from the fluid inlet (2, 102) to the fluid outlet (3, 103) either through the first channel system or through the second channel system in an operational state. The valve body (1, 101) includes docking elements (20, 120) configured to dock a cartridge (11) for an additive, wherein no additive is added to the fluid when the fluid passes through the first channel system, and the additive is added to the fluid when the fluid passes through the second channel system. A switching device (4, 5, 28, 104) is provided, which is switched if the cartridge (11) is docked to the docking elements (20, 120), such that when the cartridge (11) is connected to the docking elements (20, 120), the second channel system fluid is connected to the cartridge (11).

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