Method for separating waste lithium-ion battery electrode by using high-speed solid medium cleaning

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of solid waste recycling, and particularly relates to a method for cleaning and separating electrodes of waste lithium ion batteries by using high-speed solid medium. The method can separate electrode coating materials from the surface of the current collector of the electrode of the waste lithium ion battery without damaging the current collector, and fill the technical blank that the current process for recycling and separating electrode coating materials of the waste lithium ion battery cannot efficiently, completely and separately recycle the aluminum foil, copper foil and positive and negative electrode coating materials of the current collector of the waste lithium ion battery. The method reduces the separation steps in subsequent processing, greatly reduces the comprehensive cost of the waste lithium ion battery processing, and has high economic value and environmental value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid waste recycling technology. More specifically, it relates to a method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using a high-speed solid medium. Background Technology

[0002] According to statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and industry sources, my country is the world's largest lithium-ion battery market, generating over 200,000 tons of waste lithium-ion batteries annually. It is projected that the compound annual growth rate of waste lithium-ion battery recycling volume and market will reach 50% over the next 10 years. Waste lithium-ion batteries contain more than half of their content in metal resources such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, iron, lithium, and aluminum, representing significant recycling value. Furthermore, a large amount of heavy metals from waste lithium-ion batteries are present in the micron-sized powdered electrode coating materials. If not properly recycled, these heavy metals, released into the environment, will cause significant pollution to soil and water. Therefore, recycling waste lithium-ion battery materials is both a necessity for secondary resource recycling and a requirement for environmental protection.

[0003] The positive electrode of a waste lithium-ion battery consists of aluminum foil and a positive electrode powder coating tightly bonded to the aluminum foil by plasma spraying. The coating contains a large amount of metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium, and aluminum. The negative electrode consists of copper foil and graphite powder coated on the copper foil. For the safe operation and performance improvement of the battery, the electrode foil and the electrode powder coating attached to it are tightly bonded after the battery is manufactured, and are generally difficult to separate directly.

[0004] Currently, the conventional method for recovering metals and other materials from waste lithium-ion battery electrodes mainly involves pretreatment through dismantling, crushing, and screening. This method utilizes the different particle size characteristics of aluminum foil, copper foil, and electrode coating material powder in waste lithium-ion batteries. After crushing and screening, mixed metal fragments of the positive and negative electrodes and mixed electrode powder are recovered. Further sorting is then used to separate the mixed metal fragments, while the mixed electrode powder undergoes further wet / pyrometallurgical extraction to remove metals. For example, Chinese patent application CN113182322A discloses a method for separating electrode active materials from waste lithium-ion batteries. This method directly crushes the electrode sheets and the battery together, and then separates the electrode active materials in the battery through pyrolysis. However, during the crushing process, the copper / aluminum foil of the positive and negative electrodes of the waste lithium-ion batteries is indiscriminately crushed into a small flake mixture, requiring further separation. Simultaneously, the positive electrode material containing a large amount of metal and the negative electrode graphite powder are also mixed, resulting in cumbersome subsequent processing steps and high extraction costs. Chinese patent application CN114824549A discloses a method for stripping positive electrode active material, which requires placing the positive electrode sheet, trimmed into small pieces, in an aqueous NaOH solution for a water bath reaction until the aluminum foil current collector is completely dissolved, followed by post-treatment for separation. This method mainly uses alkaline solution immersion to dissolve the aluminum foil to separate the electrode coating material. Similarly, there are also methods that use acid or organic solvents to treat the electrode. However, these methods also cannot recover the complete current collector separately and are prone to generating difficult-to-treat heavy metal wastewater, causing environmental pollution.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective recycling method that can completely separate the electrode coating material from the electrode foil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing waste lithium-ion battery electrode metal material recycling methods, which cannot separate the electrode foil from the electrode coating material in one step and require further separation. This invention provides a method that utilizes a high-speed solid medium to effectively and completely separate the electrode coating material from the electrode foil.

[0007] The above-mentioned objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, the waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator are separated. The electrolyte is removed by heating to obtain the separator, positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0010] S2, set particle size 0.009~0.011mm, 58~62mg / m³ 3The high-speed microscale medium outlet velocity of the high density is 95-105 m / s. The dried positive electrode is fixed at a distance of 29-31 mm from the vector emission port of the high-speed microscale medium. Both sides are cleaned for 9-11 s and then sieved to obtain complete aluminum foil, positive electrode powder and high-speed microscale medium.

[0011] S3, set particle size 0.039~0.041mm, 48~52mg / m³ 3 The high-speed microscale medium with a density of 45-55 m / s exit velocity is used. The dried negative electrode is fixed at a distance of 29-31 mm from the vector emission port of the high-speed microscale medium. Both sides are cleaned for 9-11 s and then sieved to obtain complete copper foil, negative electrode powder and high-speed microscale medium.

[0012] High-speed microscale media are moving solid particles with high speed (not less than 50m / s) and micron-sized dimensions (1~100μm). The specific type of media can be selected according to the actual operation and operating cost requirements.

[0013] This invention utilizes the impact of high-speed flowing solid microscale media particles on the electrode surface at an inclined plane. This causes the electrode coating material attached to the current collector (aluminum foil, copper foil) to be subjected to enormous high-speed impact energy, thereby invalidating its adhesion to the current collector (including coating bonding and high-temperature spraying, etc.), achieving a cleaning effect on the current collector surface. Subsequently, solid microscale media particles of different particle sizes are sieved and separated from the electrode powder, thereby recovering the electrode powder, current collector, and solid microscale media respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the heating temperature is 80–120°C.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, the heating time is 3 to 3.5 hours.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the evaporated gas obtained from heating is condensed and recovered.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the positive electrode forms an angle of 30 to 45° with the high-speed microscale medium.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, a 2000-3000 mesh sieve is used for sieving.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the negative electrode forms an angle of 30 to 45° with the high-speed microscale medium.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, a 500-800 mesh sieve is used for sieving.

[0021] Furthermore, the high-speed solid medium is selected from one or more of quartz, alumina, silicate, and diamond. Preferably, the high-speed solid medium is quartz.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention provides a method for separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media cleaning without the need for crushing or chemical soaking. It can quickly separate electrode coating materials from the current collector surface of waste lithium-ion battery electrodes without damaging the current collector. This fills the technological gap in the existing process of recycling and separating electrode coating materials from waste lithium-ion batteries, which cannot efficiently, completely, and separately recover the aluminum foil, copper foil, and positive and negative electrode coating materials of the current collector. It reduces the separation steps in subsequent processing, greatly reduces the overall cost of waste lithium-ion battery treatment, and has high economic and environmental value. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using a high-speed solid medium according to the present invention; wherein, 1-current collector aluminum foil or copper foil, 2-electrode (positive / negative) material attached to the reverse side of the current collector, 3-electrode (positive / negative) material attached to the front side of the current collector, 4-high-speed microscale solid medium, and 5-the angle between the vector direction of the high-speed microscale solid medium and the waste lithium-ion battery electrode sheet.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the electrode cleaning and separation effect in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the electrode cleaning and separation effect in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the electrode cleaning and separation effect in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in this technical field.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0030] Example 1: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0031] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0033] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively (the front side 3 is cleaned and the back side 2 is cleaned). After all the positive electrode powder on the aluminum foil current collector 1 is peeled off, the quartz particles and positive electrode powder are separated in a 2000-mesh sieve and the complete aluminum foil is recovered.

[0034] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively (the front side 3 is cleaned and the back side 2 is cleaned). After all the negative electrode powder on the copper foil current collector 1 is peeled off, the quartz particles and negative electrode powder are separated in a 500-mesh sieve and the complete copper foil is recovered.

[0035] For its working principle, please refer to Figure 1 For cleaning and separation results, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 As can be seen from the figure, the electrode powder in the central part was effectively stripped off, and the current collector was not damaged.

[0036] Example 2: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0037] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, cut open its metal shell, take out the internal cell, unfold the cell to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. Place these three materials on a 100℃ hot plate and heat for 3.5 hours. Collect the evaporated gas and condense and recover it. Remove the electrolyte in the electrode to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0039] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.011 mm particle size) to 62 mg / m³. 3The outlet speed is 105 m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 31 mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.011 mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 45°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 11 seconds (the front side 3 is cleaned and the back side 2 is cleaned). After all the positive electrode powder on the aluminum foil current collector 1 is peeled off, the quartz particles and positive electrode powder are separated in a 3000 mesh sieve and the complete aluminum foil is recovered.

[0040] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.041 mm particle size) to 52 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 55m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 31mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.041mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 45°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 11s respectively (the front side 3 is cleaned and the back side 2 is cleaned). After all the negative electrode powder on the copper foil current collector 1 is peeled off, the quartz particles and negative electrode powder are separated in an 800-mesh sieve and the complete copper foil is recovered.

[0041] Example 3: A method for separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid-state media cleaning.

[0042] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on a 120℃ hot plate and heated for 3.3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0045] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.009 mm particle size) to 58 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 95m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 29mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.009mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 35°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 9s (the front side 3 is cleaned and the back side 2 is cleaned). After all the positive electrode powder on the aluminum foil current collector 1 is peeled off, the quartz particles and positive electrode powder are separated in a 2500 mesh sieve and the complete aluminum foil is recovered.

[0046] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.039 mm particle size) to 48 mg / m³. 3The outlet speed is 45m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 29mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.039mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 35°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 9s respectively (the front side 3 is cleaned and the back side 2 is cleaned). After all the negative electrode powder on the copper foil current collector is peeled off, the quartz particles and negative electrode powder are separated in a 600-mesh sieve and the complete copper foil is recovered.

[0047] Comparative Example 1: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0048] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0050] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet velocity was 10 m / s. The dried positive electrode was placed 30 mm from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.01 mm diameter) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. Both sides (2 and 3) were cleaned for 10 seconds each. The positive electrode material did not detach from the aluminum foil of current collector 1. See details... Figure 3 ;

[0051] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 10m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The negative electrode material does not fall off the copper foil of the current collector 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 2: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0053] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0055] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet velocity is 200 m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30 mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.01 mm particle size) vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10 seconds each. The aluminum foil of current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid dielectric. See details. Figure 4 ;

[0056] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The copper foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0057] Comparative Example 3: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0058] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0059] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0060] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 50mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The positive electrode material does not fall off the aluminum foil of the current collector 1.

[0061] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 50mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The negative electrode material does not fall off the copper foil of the current collector 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 4: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0063] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0065] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 10mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The aluminum foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0066] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 10mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The copper foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0067] Comparative Example 5: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0068] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0070] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 5s respectively. The positive electrode material does not fall off the aluminum foil of the current collector 1.

[0071] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 5s respectively. The negative electrode material does not fall off the copper foil of the current collector 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 6: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0073] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0074] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0075] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 20s respectively. The aluminum foil of current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0076] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 20s respectively. The copper foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0077] Comparative Example 7: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0078] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0079] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0080] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 30 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The positive electrode material does not fall off the aluminum foil of the current collector 1.

[0081] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 30 mg / m³. 3 With an outlet speed of 50 m / s, the dried negative electrode was placed 30 mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.04 mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, with an included angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 were cleaned for 10 seconds. The negative electrode material did not fall off the copper foil of the current collector 1.

[0082] Comparative Example 8: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0083] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0084] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0085] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.01 mm particle size) to 100 mg / m³. 3The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.01mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The aluminum foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0086] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.04 mm particle size) to 100 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.04mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The copper foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0087] Comparative Example 9: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media.

[0088] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0090] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.001 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.001mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. After all the positive electrode powder on the aluminum foil current collector 1 is peeled off, it is recovered into a complete aluminum foil, but the microscale quartz and the positive electrode material cannot be separated.

[0091] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.004 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale dielectric quartz particle (0.004mm particle size) dielectric vector emission port, and fixed at an angle of 30°. Both sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. After all the negative electrode powder on the copper foil current collector 1 is peeled off, it is recovered into a complete copper foil, but the microscale quartz and negative electrode material cannot be separated.

[0092] Comparative Example 10: A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid-state media.

[0093] The method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, its metal shell is cut open, the internal cell is taken out, and the cell is unfolded to obtain waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator. These three materials are placed on an 80℃ hot plate and heated for 3 hours. The evaporated gas is collected and condensed for recovery. The electrolyte in the electrode is removed to obtain separator (which can be directly recycled), positive electrode and negative electrode.

[0095] S2. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.1 mm particle size) to 60 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 100m / s. The dried positive electrode is placed 30mm away from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.1mm particle size) medium vector emission port, and the included angle 5 is 30°. The two sides 2 and 3 are cleaned for 10s respectively. The aluminum foil of the current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0096] S3. Set the density of high-speed microscale medium quartz particles (0.4 mm particle size) to 50 mg / m³. 3 The outlet speed is 50m / s. The dried negative electrode is placed at a distance of 30mm from the high-speed microscale medium quartz particle (0.4mm particle size) medium vector emission port, with an included angle of 30° and fixed. Both sides are cleaned for 10s respectively. The copper foil of current collector 1 is destroyed by the high-speed microscale solid medium.

[0097] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cleaning and separating waste lithium-ion battery electrodes using high-speed solid media, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. After the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, the waste positive electrode, waste negative electrode and waste separator are separated. The electrolyte is removed by heating to obtain the separator, positive electrode and negative electrode. S2, set particle size 0.009~0.011 mm, 58~62 mg / m³ 3 The high-speed microscale medium with a density of 95~105 m / s exit velocity is used. The dried positive electrode is fixed at a distance of 29~31 mm from the vector emission port of the high-speed microscale medium. Both sides are cleaned for 9~11 s and then sieved to obtain complete aluminum foil, positive electrode powder and high-speed microscale medium. A 2000~3000 mesh sieve is used for sieving. S3, set particle size 0.039~0.041 mm, 48~52 mg / m³ 3 The high-speed microscale medium with a density of 45~55m / s exit velocity is used. The dried negative electrode is fixed at a distance of 29~31 mm from the vector emission port of the high-speed microscale medium. Both sides are cleaned for 9~11 s and then sieved to obtain complete copper foil, negative electrode powder and high-speed microscale medium. A 500~800 mesh sieve is used for sieving. The high-speed solid medium is selected from one or more of quartz, alumina, silicate, and diamond.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the heating temperature is 80~120℃.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the heating time is 3~3.5 h.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the evaporated gas obtained from heating is condensed and recovered.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the positive electrode forms an angle of 30-45° with the high-speed microscale medium.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the negative electrode forms an angle of 30-45° with the high-speed microscale medium.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed solid medium is quartz.

Images