A leaky cable installation system

Abstract

This invention provides a leaky cable installation system, comprising a mounting base fixed to the inner wall of a tunnel, a crossarm fixed at one end to the mounting base, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the leaky cable. The fixing mechanism is fixed to the other end of the crossarm and includes an L-shaped steel beam and a clamp. One straight arm of the L-shaped steel beam is fixed to the crossarm, and the other straight arm is connected to the clamp with multiple fixing bolts. The leaky cable is fixed to the clamp, and the distance from the center of the clamp to the mounting base is between 18 and 30 cm. This invention improves upon the problems in existing technologies where leaky cables produce relatively weak radiation and are easily affected by external forces, causing changes in radiation direction and signal degradation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track communication equipment technology, and in particular to a leaky cable installation system. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels are a common construction method in railway construction. In tunnels, leaky cables are often used to ensure the smooth operation of signal transmission channels (the antenna is at the tunnel entrance, and the main components inside the tunnel are leaky cables) in order to guarantee emergency communication requirements and civilian communication needs. Therefore, the installation stability of leaky cables must be guaranteed in the long term.

[0003] Commonly, leaky cables are fixed to the tunnel wall using a combination of expansion bolts and cable ties (or clamps). However, when using this method, the radiation effect of the leaky cable is relatively weak and the signal propagation capability is relatively poor due to factors such as the tunnel wall and the signal receiving distance. Furthermore, the leaky cable can change its radiation direction or even detach for various reasons, including:

[0004] 1. The leaky cable itself is of poor quality. This problem can be avoided before construction by selecting the right type of leaky cable and by following the construction and acceptance procedures.

[0005] 2. Poor installation quality of the leaky cable, such as obstruction or interference in the signal radiation direction during installation. This problem can be avoided by revisiting the construction track.

[0006] 3. During use, the leaky cable is affected by external forces, such as vibrations and turbulent airflow during train operation, which can cause the leaky cable to shift or loosen, resulting in changes in the direction of the leaky cable's radiation and signal degradation. In the current technology, the only way to deal with this problem is to rely on daily inspections in the civilian communication track area to ensure the normal operation of the leaky cable. Manual maintenance is time-consuming and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a leaky cable installation system that can improve the problems of relatively weak radiation effect caused by leaky cables and the susceptibility of leaky cables to external forces, which can lead to changes in radiation direction and signal degradation.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a leaky cable installation system includes a fixing base fixed to the inner wall of a tunnel, a crossarm fixed at one end to the fixing base, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the leaky cable. The fixing mechanism is fixed to the other end of the crossarm. The fixing mechanism includes an L-shaped steel and a clamp. One straight arm end of the L-shaped steel is fixed to the crossarm, and the other straight arm end and the clamp are connected to a plurality of fixing bolts. The leaky cable is fixed to the clamp, and the distance from the center of the clamp to the fixing base is between 18-30 cm.

[0009] Preferably, the clamp includes a mounting block connected to an L-shaped steel by fixing bolts, an open-type soft ring belt disposed on the other side of the mounting block, a plurality of elastic clamping plates evenly distributed on the inner side of the open-type soft ring belt, and a limiting member. The elastic clamping plates abut against the leaky cable, and the limiting member is simultaneously connected to both ends of the open-type soft ring belt to keep the open-type soft ring belt in a closed loop state, and to fix the leaky cable by the plurality of elastic clamping plates.

[0010] Preferably, the open-type soft ring includes a hard segment disposed on the mounting block and a soft segment fixed at one end to the hard segment, and the limiting member is connected to the other end of both the hard segment and the soft segment.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the rigid section has a through hole for the soft section and the elastic plate to pass through simultaneously. The rigid section also has an insertion hole that connects to the through hole. The end of the soft section has multiple positioning holes that connect to the insertion holes. The limiting member is inserted into both the connecting insertion holes and the positioning holes.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic plate includes an inclined section and an arc-shaped section with one end fixed to the inclined section. One end of the inclined section is fixed to an open-type soft ring belt, and the other end is inclined away from the open-type soft ring belt. The plate surface of the arc-shaped section is arc-shaped and abuts against the leaky cable.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the arc-shaped segment away from the inclined segment bends toward the open-type soft ring to form a guide segment.

[0014] Preferably, the mounting block has an arc-shaped groove on the side opposite to the L-shaped steel, and one end of the open-type soft ring belt is adapted to and slides in the arc-shaped groove; the mounting system also includes a fixing plate fixed to the open-type soft ring belt, a rotating seat fixed to one side of the fixing plate, an inclination sensor fixed to the other side of the fixing plate, a non-self-locking electric push rod fixed to the L-shaped steel, and a control unit. The rod end of the non-self-locking electric push rod is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, and the rotation axis is the direction of the cable extension; the inclination sensor and the non-self-locking electric push rod fixed to the same fixing plate have the same number. The control unit is used to periodically acquire the actual rotation angle values ​​of the inclination sensors with different numbers and compare them with a threshold value, so that when the actual rotation angle value is greater than the threshold value, the non-self-locking electric push rod with the same number is activated, so that the receiving inclination sensor rotates in the opposite direction and is calibrated.

[0015] Preferably, the periodic acquisition of the actual rotation angle values ​​of tilt sensors with different numbers includes acquiring the instantaneous actual rotation angle value of the tilt sensor and acquiring the actual rotation angle value of the tilt sensor within a time period.

[0016] Preferably, the open-type soft ring is fixed to the mounting block.

[0017] Preferably, the distance from the center of the clamp to the fixed seat is 25cm.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] 1. By fixing the leaky cable to the clamp, and ensuring that the distance from the center of the clamp to the fixing seat 3 (i.e., the depth of the leaky cable) is 18-30cm, the optimal signal radiation effect is guaranteed, thus improving the problem of relatively weak radiation effect caused by leaky cables in the existing technology. At the same time, the fixing seat is fixed to the tunnel wall, the crossarm is fixed to the fixing seat, the L-shaped steel is fixed to the crossarm, and the clamp is fixed to the L-shaped steel, which enhances the installation stability of the leaky cable and improves the problem that the leaky cable is easily affected by external forces, causing the radiation direction to change and the signal to deteriorate.

[0020] 2. By sliding the open-type soft ring belt onto the mounting block, both the open-type soft ring belt and the leaky cable can rotate simultaneously relative to the mounting block under external force. Simultaneously, a fixing plate is fixed to the rigid section, and an angle sensor connected to the control unit is installed on the fixing plate. The angle sensor, rotating with the open-type soft ring belt, periodically and indirectly monitors changes in the signal transmission direction of the leaky cable. A non-self-locking electric actuator, connected to the control unit, rotates on a rotating seat fixed to the fixing plate. After the control unit receives the actual rotation angle value from the angle sensor, it compares the actual rotation angle value with a threshold. When the actual rotation angle value exceeds the threshold, the non-self-locking electric actuator with the same number is activated, causing the angle sensor to rotate in the opposite direction for calibration. This results in the open-type soft ring belt and the leaky cable rotating in opposite directions simultaneously, completing an adaptive adjustment. This improves upon the existing technology where the leakage effect of the leaky cable is relatively weak, and the leaky cable is easily affected by external forces, leading to changes in the radiation direction and signal degradation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is an intermodulation test curve graph;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a control block diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] In the above attached diagrams: 1. Tunnel; 2. Leaky cable; 3. Fixture; 31. Crossarm; 4. L-shaped steel; 5. Clamp; 51. Mounting block; 511. Arc-shaped chute; 52. Open-type soft ring belt; 521. Rigid section; 5211. Through hole; 5212. Insertion hole; 522. Soft section; 5221. Positioning hole; 53. Elastic clamping plate; 531. Inclined section; 532. Arc-shaped section; 533. Guide section; 54. Limiting element; 6. Fixing bolt; 7. Fixing plate; 71. Rotating seat; 8. Tilt sensor; 9. Non-self-locking electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be further described below.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This invention proposes a leaky cable installation system, including a fixing seat 3, a crossarm 31, and a fixing mechanism. The fixing seat 3 is made of square steel, channel steel, etc., and is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel by multiple (no less than two) expansion bolts pre-embedded in the inner wall of the tunnel. The crossarm 31 is supported by channel steel, and one end is welded and fixed to the fixing seat 3, while the other end extends in a horizontal direction. The fixing mechanism is fixed to the extended end of the crossarm 31 for fixing the leaky cable 2. Obviously, by setting multiple fixing seats 3 and crossarms 31 at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, the fixing and installation of the entire leaky cable 2 can be completed.

[0030] In this invention, the fixing mechanism includes an L-shaped steel 4 and a clamp 5. One straight arm end of the L-shaped steel 4 is fixed to the extension end of the crossarm 31 by multiple bolts (not less than two), and the other end extends downward and is connected to multiple fixing bolts 6. The clamp 5 is connected to the vertical extension end of the L-shaped steel 4 by fixing bolts 6 to fix the leaky cable 2 on the clamp 5 to achieve installation.

[0031] The distance from the center of clamp 5 to the fixed base 3 is 18-30cm to ensure optimal signal radiation of the leaky cable 2 fixed to clamp 5 and to prevent the leaky cable 2 from being too close to the track (train). The distance from the center of clamp 5 to the fixed base 3 can be 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, 24cm, 25cm, 26cm, 27cm, etc., with 25cm being the optimal value (see specific details). Figure 3 The intermodulation test diagram is mentioned. Intermodulation testing is a common item in RF testing and will not be described in detail here.

[0032] By fixing the leaky cable 2 to the clamp 5, and ensuring that the distance from the center of the clamp 5 to the fixing seat 3 (i.e., the depth of the leaky cable) is 18-30cm, the optimal signal radiation effect is guaranteed, thus improving the problem of relatively weak radiation effect produced by the leaky cable 2 in the prior art. At the same time, the fixing seat 3 is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall, the crossarm 31 is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 3, the L-shaped steel 4 is fixedly connected to the crossarm 31, and the clamp 5 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped steel, which relatively enhances the installation stability of the leaky cable 2, thereby improving the problem that the leaky cable 2 is easily affected by external forces, causing the radiation direction to change and the signal to deteriorate.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 The clamp 5 is made of non-metallic fire-resistant material to reduce interference with signals and to provide flame retardancy. The clamp 5 includes a mounting block 51, an open-type soft ring belt 52, multiple elastic clamping plates 53, and a limiting member 54. The mounting block 51 is made of hard rubber and is connected to the vertical extension end of the L-shaped steel 4 by fixing bolts 6. The abutting side of the mounting block 51 is flat and fits against the L-shaped steel 4 to increase friction and stability.

[0034] The open-type soft ring band 52 includes a hard section 521 and a soft section 522. The hard section 521 is made of hard rubber and cannot be deformed under force. The hard section 521 is arc-shaped. As an embodiment of the present invention, the hard section 521 is integrally formed with the mounting block 51, or it is fused together by melting during installation. Both the upper and lower ends of the hard section 521 extend out of the mounting block 51; and a through hole 5211 is formed through the lower end of the hard section 521 along its thickness direction. An insertion hole 5212 connecting the through hole 5211 is also formed on the hard section 521 along its width direction.

[0035] The soft segment 522 is made of soft rubber, with a lower hardness than the hard segment 521, and can deform under stress. One end of the soft segment 522 is fixed to (one-piece molded, or fused together during installation) the hard segment 521, with a thickness smaller than the diameter of the through hole 5211, so that it can pass through the through hole 5211, allowing the hard segment 521 and the soft segment 522 to form a ring around each other, and the size of the ring varies with the length of the soft segment 522 passing through the hard segment 521. Multiple positioning holes 5221, which connect to the insertion holes 5212, are provided along the width direction of the soft segment 522, and the multiple positioning holes 5221 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the soft segment 522. The limiting member 54 is made of bolts and is simultaneously inserted into the connecting insertion holes 5212 and positioning holes 5221, thereby maintaining the closed-loop state of the open soft ring band 52.

[0036] The elastic plate 53 is made of an elastic material, which is elastic and can deform under force. It can pass through the through hole 5211 together with the soft section 522. If it is made of metal, the surface is covered with a non-metallic material. Multiple elastic plates 53 are evenly distributed on the inner side of the ring formed by the hard section 521 and the soft section 522. The elastic plate 53 includes an inclined section 531 and an arc-shaped section 532 with one end fixed to the inclined section 531. One end of the inclined section 531 is fixed to the soft section 522, and the other end is inclined away from the soft section 522. The plate surface of the arc-shaped section 532 is arc-shaped to fully abut against the leaky cable 2.

[0037] In use, first place the drain cable 2 directly into the open-type soft ring belt 52, then pass the end of the soft section 522 through the through hole 5211, and simultaneously pass the elastic clamping plate 53 through the through hole 5211; until the multiple elastic clamping plates 53 deform and can completely fix the drain cable 2 in the clamp 5, then pass the limiting member 54 through the connecting insertion hole 5212 and positioning hole 5221 to maintain the clamping and fixing state of the drain cable 2 by the clamp 5. During this process, drain cables 2 of different diameters can be fixed by the open-type soft ring belt 52.

[0038] Methods to prevent bolts from loosening under stress include, but are not limited to, adding washers and nuts, as well as directly welding the nut to the bolt. These are conventional methods for those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0039] The arc-shaped segment 532 is bent away from the inclined segment 531 towards the soft segment 522 to form a guide segment 533. When the elastic plate 53 is deformed under pressure, the guide segment 533 touches the soft segment 522 to provide support. At the same time, when the soft segment 522 is separated from the hard segment 521, the guide segment 533 can guide the elastic plate 53 into the through hole 5211, making it convenient to use.

[0040] Reference Figures 4 to 6 As a second embodiment of the present invention, its difference from that of the first embodiment is as follows:

[0041] The mounting block 51 has an arc-shaped groove 511 on the side away from the L-shaped steel 4. The arc-shaped groove 511 can be a stepped groove or a dovetail groove. One end of the rigid section 521 is adapted to and slides in the arc-shaped groove 511, so that the open soft ring belt 52 can rotate relative to the mounting block 51 under the action of external force. That is, under long-term vibration, the open soft ring belt 52 and the leakage cable 2 fixed inside it can rotate relative to the mounting block 51 at the same time. At this time, the signal radiation direction of the leakage cable 2 changes and the signal becomes relatively weak.

[0042] Furthermore, Embodiment 2 of the present invention also includes a fixing plate 7, a rotating seat 71, an tilt sensor 8, a non-self-locking electric push rod 9, and a control unit; the fixing plate 7 is fixed on the rigid section 521 and fixed at the upper end of the rigid section 521; the rotating seat 71 is fixed on the side of the fixing plate 7 near the L-shaped steel 4, and the length direction of its rotation axis is the extension direction of the leaky cable 2.

[0043] The tilt sensor 8 is fixed to the other side of the fixing plate 7. When in use, the tilt sensor 8 rotates in another way based on the length direction of the leaky cable 2. That is, the open soft ring belt 52 and the leaky cable 2 rotate together. The change in the count of the tilt sensor 8 gives the actual rotation angle value.

[0044] The non-self-locking electric actuator 9 is fixed to the L-shaped steel 4, and its rod end is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 71. The non-self-locking electric actuator 9 is existing technology and can be selected and purchased from the market: the type whose actuator can freely extend and retract in the power-off state, so that when the non-self-locking electric actuator 9 is not activated, its rod automatically forms an adaptive extension and retraction when the open-type soft ring belt 52 and the leaky cable 2 are rotated together under force.

[0045] Among them, the tilt sensor 8 and the non-self-locking electric push rod 9, which are fixed on the same fixed plate 7 along the tunnel extension direction, have the same number.

[0046] Furthermore, the tilt sensor 8 is connected to the control unit to periodically acquire the actual rotation angle values ​​of tilt sensors 8 with different numbers. The actual rotation angle value acquired in each period is compared with a threshold (e.g., 2°). When the actual rotation angle value is greater than the threshold, the control unit controls the activation of a non-self-locking electric push rod 9 with the same number, causing the receiving tilt sensor 8 to rotate in the opposite direction, indirectly driving the leakage cable 2 to rotate in the correct direction, thus completing the calibration. The control unit can be implemented using conventional technologies (such as PLC control or microcontroller).

[0047] The process of periodically acquiring the actual rotation angle values ​​of tilt sensors 8 with different numbers includes acquiring the instantaneous actual rotation angle value of the tilt sensor 8 to determine the rotation angle of the tilt sensor 8 in real time and perform calibration; it also includes acquiring the actual rotation angle value of the tilt sensor 8 within a time period, that is, calibrating the comprehensive rotation angle generated by the tilt sensor 8 within a certain time period. By setting two methods for periodically acquiring the actual rotation angle values ​​of tilt sensors 8 with different numbers, calibration can be performed not only instantaneously but also within a periodic time period, ensuring the accuracy of long-term calibration.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leaky cable installation system, characterized in that: It includes a fixing seat (3) fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel (1), a crossbeam (31) fixed to the fixing seat (3) at one end, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the leaky cable (2). The fixing mechanism is fixed to the other end of the crossbeam (31). The fixing mechanism includes an L-shaped steel (4) and a clamp (5). One straight arm of the L-shaped steel (4) is fixed to the crossbeam (31), and the other straight arm and the clamp (5) are connected to multiple fixing bolts (6). The leaky cable (2) is fixed to the clamp (5), and the distance from the center of the clamp (5) to the fixing seat (3) is between 18-30cm. The clamp (5) includes a mounting block (51) connected to the L-shaped steel (4) by fixing bolts (6), an open-type soft ring belt (52) set on the other side of the mounting block (51), a plurality of elastic clamping plates (53) evenly distributed on the inner side of the open-type soft ring belt (52), and a limiting member (54). The elastic clamping plate (53) abuts against the leaky cable (2), and the limiting member (54) is simultaneously connected to both ends of the open-type soft ring belt (52) so that the open-type soft ring belt (52) is kept in a closed loop state, and the leaky cable (2) is fixed by the plurality of elastic clamping plates (53). The mounting block (51) has an arc-shaped groove (511) on the side away from the L-shaped steel (4), and one end of the open soft ring belt (52) is adapted to slide in the arc-shaped groove (511). The installation system also includes a fixing plate (7) fixed to the open soft ring belt (52), a rotating seat (71) fixed to one side of the fixing plate (7), an inclination sensor (8) fixed to the other side of the fixing plate (7), a non-self-locking electric push rod (9) fixed to the L-shaped steel (4) and a control unit. The rod end of the non-self-locking electric push rod (9) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (71), and the rotation axis is the extension direction of the leaky cable (2). The tilt sensor (8) and the non-self-locking electric push rod (9) fixed to the same fixed plate (7) have the same number. The control unit is used to periodically acquire the actual rotation angle value of the tilt sensor (8) with different numbers and compare it with a threshold. When the actual rotation angle value is greater than the threshold, the control unit controls the non-self-locking electric push rod (9) with the same number to start, so that the receiving tilt sensor (8) rotates in the opposite direction and is calibrated.

2. The leaky cable installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open-type soft ring (52) includes a hard segment (521) disposed on the mounting block (51) and a soft segment (522) fixed at one end to the hard segment (521). The limiting member (54) is connected to the other end of both the hard segment (521) and the soft segment (522).

3. The leaky cable installation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rigid section (521) is provided with a through hole (5211) so that the soft section (522) and the elastic plate (53) can pass through simultaneously. The rigid section (521) is also provided with an insertion hole (5212) that connects to the through hole (5211). The end of the soft section (522) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (5221) that can connect to the insertion hole (5212). The limiting member (54) is inserted into the connecting insertion hole (5212) and the positioning hole (5221) at the same time.

4. The leaky cable installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic plate (53) includes an inclined section (531) and an arc-shaped section (532) with one end fixed to the inclined section (531). One end of the inclined section (531) is fixed to the open soft ring (52), and the other end is inclined away from the open soft ring (52). The plate surface of the arc-shaped section (532) is arc-shaped and abuts against the leaky cable (2).

5. A leaky cable installation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped segment (532) bends away from the inclined segment (531) toward the open soft ring (52) to form the guide segment (533).

6. The leaky cable installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periodic acquisition of the actual rotation angle values ​​of tilt sensors (8) with different numbers includes acquiring the instantaneous actual rotation angle value of tilt sensors (8) and acquiring the actual rotation angle value of tilt sensors (8) within a time period.

7. A leaky cable installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open-type soft ring (52) is fixed to the mounting block (51).

8. A leaky cable installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance from the center of the clamp (5) to the fixed seat (3) is 25cm.

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