A device and method for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel under different external conditions. The device includes a bomb body, a gas distribution platform, an adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, a combustion and detonation parameter synchronous acquisition system, and an ignition and valve control system. The bomb body is composed of the outer periphery of the bomb body and the upper and lower end surfaces, wherein a plurality of openings are provided on the inner wall of the bomb body for installing a plurality of variable measuring rods, an ignition device, and an intake and exhaust pipe. The present invention ignites a deflagration wave or a detonation wave in the bomb body through an adjustable energy high-energy ignition device, and then monitors the formation, propagation, and failure process of the detonation wave in the bomb body through a combustion and detonation parameter synchronous acquisition system and a smoke film and other means and obtains relevant parameters. Under different environmental conditions, the combustion and detonation mechanism of fuels and oxidizers with different physical and chemical properties sprayed by injectors of different configurations are studied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion and detonation, and in particular relates to a device and a method for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel. Background Art

[0002] Energy is the foundation of national development, and detonation combustion is one of the means of efficient use of energy. Detonation combustion is induced by shock waves and is a supersonic combustion that is closely coupled with shock waves. Therefore, it has an extremely high flame propagation speed, and its products also have extremely high temperatures and pressures. Through the detonation wave, the pressure and temperature of the combustible can be increased by dozens or even dozens of times. Therefore, detonation is a more efficient combustion method. Applying it to propulsion systems has broad application prospects, such as pulse detonation engines and rotating detonation engines. Therefore, its efficient use requires in-depth research on the combustion and detonation characteristics, including the formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics of deflagration waves and detonation waves under different external conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop this device to explore the combustion and detonation characteristics and energy utilization efficiency of different fuels under different external conditions.

[0003] On the other hand, the high temperature and high pressure environment accompanied by the detonation wave has strong destructive power and can cause various industrial disasters, such as coal mine gas explosions, various dust explosions and other accidents. In addition to coal mining, we are inevitably in contact with combustible gases or combustible powders in the process of social production. These combustibles may explode under certain conditions, posing a threat to personal safety and production tools. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct detailed mechanistic research on the combustion and detonation generation and propagation process of combustible gases or powder fuels under different external environments, so as to provide theoretical support for reducing the occurrence of fires and suppressing the formation and propagation of detonation waves. Therefore, it is also necessary to develop this device to provide theoretical support in disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0004] In inventions such as "A high-temperature and high-pressure natural gas diesel dual-fuel spray constant-volume combustion bomb", the constant-volume combustion device has a complex structure, is inconvenient to install, the ignition device is single and not easy to replace, and gas and powder fuel combustion and detonation experiments cannot be carried out in the same device. Therefore, it is urgent to design a device and method that is easy to install, uses multiple types of ignition methods, and is suitable for multiple fuels, so as to study the gas and powder combustion, detonation formation and propagation process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuels so as to study the combustion and detonation characteristics (critical detonation energy, detonation wave propagation velocity, detonation pressure, cellular structure, etc.) of powder and gaseous fuels under different external conditions (different equivalence ratios, different ambient pressures, different atmospheres and different injection structures, etc.).

[0006] The technical solution for realizing the present invention is:

[0007] A device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuels, comprising a bomb container body and a gas distribution platform, wherein the bomb container body has an internal cavity, a plurality of bomb wall through holes are opened on the bomb container body, and the bomb container body comprises a measuring rod, an injector, an injector tube, an ignition device, an intake and exhaust pipe,

[0008] A plurality of measuring rods extend into the internal cavity through the through holes in the bomb wall. The ignition device and the air inlet and exhaust pipes are arranged on the bomb container body. The inner end of the injector tube extends into the internal cavity and is connected to the injector, and the outer end is connected to the gas distribution platform. The air inlet and exhaust pipes are connected to the gas distribution platform. A pressure sensor and an ion flame probe are arranged in each measuring rod.

[0009] Preferably, the bomb container body includes an upper end cover, a lower end cover, bolts and a periphery of the bomb body. The upper end cover and the lower end cover are connected to form an internal cavity. The periphery of the bomb body is located at the connection between the upper end cover and the lower end cover. The bolts pass through the periphery of the bomb body to achieve a fixed connection between the upper end cover and the lower end cover.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic wall through hole includes a first elastic wall through hole, a second elastic wall through hole and a third elastic wall through hole, and the measuring rod includes a first measuring rod, a second measuring rod and a third measuring rod, and the first measuring rod, the second measuring rod and the third measuring rod extend into the internal cavity through the first elastic wall through hole, the second elastic wall through hole and the third elastic wall through hole respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the bullet wall through hole also includes a fourth bullet wall through hole, and the ignition device includes a high-energy spark plug, a pre-detonation tube air intake pipe, a pre-detonation tube air intake joint, and a pre-detonation tube. One end of the pre-detonation tube extends into the internal cavity through the fourth bullet wall through hole, and the other end is connected to the pre-detonation tube air intake joint. The high-energy spark plug and the pre-detonation tube air intake pipe are respectively connected to the pre-detonation tube air intake joint.

[0012] Preferably, the bomb container body is provided with air inlet and outlet holes, and the air inlet and outlet pipes extend into the internal cavity through the air inlet and outlet holes.

[0013] Preferably, the gas distribution platform includes a ten-way cavity, an ambient air shut-off valve, a reducing agent shut-off valve, a reducing agent pressure reducing valve, a reducing agent storage tank, an oxidant shut-off valve, an oxidant pressure reducing valve, an oxidant storage tank, an inert gas shut-off valve, an inert gas pressure reducing valve, an inert gas storage tank, a fluidizing agent shut-off valve, a fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve, a fluidizing agent storage tank, a large-range absolute pressure gauge, a small-range absolute pressure gauge, a vacuum pump shut-off valve, a vacuum pump, a bomb-capable shut-off valve, a storage tank shut-off valve, and a storage tank, one end of the bomb-capable shut-off valve is connected to the ten-way cavity, and the other end is connected to the inlet and exhaust pipes, and the large-range absolute pressure gauge and the small-range absolute pressure gauge are respectively connected through the large-range absolute pressure gauge. The gauge stop valve and the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve are connected to the ten-way cavity, the vacuum pump is connected to the ten-way cavity through the vacuum pump stop valve, the oxidant storage tank is connected to the ten-way cavity through the oxidant pressure reducing valve and the oxidant stop valve, the reductant storage tank is connected to the ten-way cavity through the reductant pressure reducing valve and the reductant stop valve, one side of the storage tank is connected to the ten-way cavity through the storage tank stop valve, the other side of the storage tank is connected to the injector through the solenoid valve and the injector pipe, and the fluidizing agent storage tank is connected to the ten-way cavity through the fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve and the fluidizing agent stop valve.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes an absolute pressure gauge stop valve, and the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve and the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve are connected to the ten-way cavity through the absolute pressure gauge stop valve.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes reserved inlet and outlet stop valves, and the reserved inlet and outlet stop valves are connected to the ten-way cavity.

[0016] A method for studying the combustion, detonation formation and propagation process of powdered fuel using the above-mentioned device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powdered and gaseous fuels comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Open the bomb container body, separate the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and place the smoked smoke film or directly use lead foil at different positions in the bomb container body to record the cellular image of the formation and propagation process of the detonation wave;

[0018] S2. Arrange three measuring rods at different positions, each measuring rod is provided with a pressure sensor and an ion flame probe;

[0019] S3. Adding an appropriate amount of a mixed gas composed of an oxidant and a reducing agent or a single oxidizing gas or a reducing agent gas through the intake pipe on the pre-detonation pipe intake joint, adjusting the ignition energy in the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, and changing the intensity of the detonation wave outlet;

[0020] S4. Arrange the injector at the bottom of the bomb container body so that the injector is connected to the injector tube;

[0021] S5. According to the mass of powder required for the experiment, weigh the required mass and place it in the injector;

[0022] S6. Close the bomb body, calculate the partial pressures of the reducing agent, oxidizing agent, inert gas and fluidizing gas according to the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure environmental conditions of the gas required for the experiment, and prepare to start the experiment;

[0023] S7. Turn on the vacuum pump of the gas distribution table, open the vacuum pump stop valve and the bomb container stop valve, evacuate the gas in the bomb container body to vacuum, open the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and close the vacuum pump stop valve when the reading drops to within 1kPa;

[0024] S8. Slowly open the inert gas stop valve to allow the inert gas to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber and then enter the bomb container body. Observe the small-range absolute pressure indication. After reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve and the inert gas stop valve in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve to evacuate the residual inert gas in the gas distribution table. Observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge. When the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve.

[0025] S9. Slowly open the oxidant stop valve to allow the oxidant to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber and then enter the bomb container. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication. After reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve and the oxidant stop valve in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge. When the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve.

[0026] S10. Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve, so that the reducing agent slowly passes through the ten-way chamber and then enters the bomb container body, observe the small-range absolute pressure indication, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve and the reducing agent stop valve in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and when the indication drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve;

[0027] S11. Slowly open the fluidizing agent stop valve to allow the fluidizing agent to slowly pass through the ten-way cavity and then enter the storage tank, close the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve, open the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve, observe the large-range absolute pressure indication, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the storage tank stop valve and the fluidizing agent stop valve in sequence, open the ambient air stop valve, so that the gas distribution platform cavity is balanced with the atmospheric environment, then close the ambient air stop valve, and then open the small-range absolute pressure indicator stop valve, open the vacuum pump stop valve, and evacuate the residual fluidizing agent in the gas distribution platform to vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and when the indication drops to within kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve and the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve;

[0028] S12. The solenoid valve is opened, and the fluidizing gas sprays the powder fuel from the storage tank into the bomb body through the injector. After the preset delay time, the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system is turned on to realize single ignition, multiple ignition or interval ignition at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave will be formed at the outlet of the pre-detonation tube. After the deflagration wave or the detonation wave sweeps through the mixture of the oxidant, the reducing agent, the fluidizing agent and the inert gas in the bomb body, it may be strengthened or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measuring rod in the bomb body;

[0029] S13. Open the bomb container stop valve and vacuum pump stop valve in sequence, evacuate the combustion products in the bomb container body to a vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and when the reading drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve, open the ambient air stop valve, allow the atmosphere to enter the gas distribution table and the bomb container body, achieve pressure balance, open the bomb container body, take out the smoke film or lead foil, and record the cell mark or cell pattern;

[0030] S14. In different comparative experiments, different initial total pressures, equivalence ratios and back pressures are changed and / or powders with different physical and chemical properties and / or different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions are replaced, so as to study the influence of powders with different physical and chemical properties and different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions on the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves and the combustion and detonation characteristics under different environmental conditions. In different comparative experiments, the experiments are repeated according to the steps described in S1-S13 to verify the consistency and reliability of the laws, which include the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves, failure laws and combustion and detonation characteristics.

[0031] A method for studying the combustion, detonation formation and propagation process of gaseous fuel using the above-mentioned device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1. Open the bomb container body, separate the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and place the smoked smoke film or lead foil at different positions in the bomb container body to record the cellular image of the formation and propagation process of the detonation wave;

[0033] S2. Arrange three measuring rods at different positions, each measuring rod is provided with a pressure sensor and an ion flame probe;

[0034] S3. Add an appropriate amount of mixed gas consisting of oxidizing gas and reducing gas or a single oxidizing gas or reducing agent gas through the intake pipe on the pre-detonation pipe intake joint to adjust the ignition energy in the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, thereby changing the intensity of the detonation wave outlet.

[0035] S4. Close the bomb body, calculate the partial pressures of the reducing agent, oxidizing agent and inert gas according to the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure of the gas required for the experiment, and prepare to start the experiment;

[0036] S5. Turn on the vacuum pump of the gas distribution table, open the vacuum pump stop valve and the bomb container stop valve, evacuate the gas in the bomb container body to vacuum, open the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and close the vacuum pump stop valve when the reading drops to within 1kPa;

[0037] S6. Slowly open the inert gas stop valve to allow the inert gas to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber and then enter the bomb container body. Observe the small-range absolute pressure indication. After reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve and the inert gas stop valve in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve to evacuate the residual inert gas in the gas distribution table. Observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge. When the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve.

[0038] S7. Slowly open the oxidant stop valve to allow the oxidant to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber and then enter the bomb container body. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication. After reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve and the oxidant stop valve in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge. When the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve.

[0039] S8. Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve to allow the reducing agent to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber and then enter the bomb container body. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication. After reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve and the reducing agent stop valve in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge. When the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve.

[0040] S9. Turn on the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system to realize single ignition, multiple ignition or interval ignition at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave will be formed at the outlet of the pre-detonation tube. After sweeping through the mixture of oxidant, reductant, fluidizing agent and inert gas in the bomb, the deflagration wave or the detonation wave may be strengthened or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measuring rod arranged in the bomb body;

[0041] S10. Open the bomb container stop valve and vacuum pump stop valve in sequence, evacuate the combustion products in the bomb container body to a vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and when the reading drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve, open the ambient air stop valve, allow the atmosphere to enter the gas distribution table and the bomb container body, achieve pressure balance, open the bomb container body, remove the smoke film or lead foil in the combustion chamber, and record the cell mark or cell pattern;

[0042] S11. In different comparative experiments, the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure of different gases are changed, gases with different physical and chemical properties and / or different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions are replaced, so as to study the influence of gases with different physical and chemical properties, different ignition positions and different high-energy ignition energies on the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves and the combustion and detonation characteristics under different environmental conditions. In different comparative experiments, the experiments are repeated according to the steps described in S1-S10 to verify the consistency and reliability of the laws, which include the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves, failure laws and combustion and detonation characteristics.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0044] (1) Diversity of ignition devices: The present invention simulates the combustion and detonation phenomena of gaseous or powdered fuels by stably igniting a deflagration wave or detonation wave with consistent and adjustable intensity at different positions in the bomb by changing the ignition device, providing a stable experimental platform for simulating the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves and the study of combustion and detonation characteristics. It can also study the effects of different ignition devices on combustion and detonation under the same environmental conditions and on the basis of the same oxidant and reductant;

[0045] (2) Diversity of measurement methods: The variable measuring rod involved in the experimental device provided by the present invention enables the measurement method and measurement position to be quickly and effectively controlled to study the mechanism of combustion and detonation wave in the bomb;

[0046] (3) Diversity of injection structures: The injectors involved in the experimental device provided by the present invention can be replaced quickly and easily, which is conducive to studying the effects of different injection structures on combustion, detonation formation, propagation process and combustion and detonation parameters;

[0047] (4) Studying the diversification of fuels and environmental conditions: The experimental device and method provided by the present invention can be used in various combinations of fuels and oxidants under various environmental conditions, and have strong versatility, which is conducive to studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of various combinations of fuels and oxidants under different environmental conditions;

[0048] (5) Diversified ways of recording cellular structures: The experimental device and method provided by the present invention can precisely capture the cellular structure when the detonation wave is formed by sticking smoke film or other materials to record the cellular structure on the inner wall of the combustion chamber;

[0049] (6) The experimental device and method provided by the present invention have high mechanical strength, low processing cost and low experimental cost.

[0050] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bullet container body of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the gas distribution platform of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the variable measuring rod structure.

[0054] exist Figure 1 1-1. Upper end cover, 1-2. Lower end cover, 1-3. Bolt, 1-4. Periphery of the projectile, 1-5. First measuring rod, 1-6. First straight joint, 1-7. Measuring rod sealing ring, 1-8. Second measuring rod, 1-9. Nut, 1-10. First elastic wall through hole, 1-11. Second elastic wall through hole, 1-12. Third elastic wall through hole, 1-13. High-energy spark plug, 1-14 Pre-detonation tube air inlet pipe, 1-15. Pre-detonation tube air inlet joint, 1-16. Pre-detonation tube, 1-17. Third measuring rod, 1-18. Nut, 19. Second straight joint, 1-20. Ignition device sealing ring, 1-21. Fourth elastic wall through hole, 1-22. Inlet and exhaust pipes, 1-23. Inlet and exhaust holes, 1-24, injector tube, 1-25. Injector hole, 1-26. Injector.

[0055] exist Figure 22-1. Ten-way chamber, 2-2. Oxidant stop valve, 2-3. Reductant stop valve, 2-4. Inert gas stop valve, 2-5. Vacuum pump stop valve, 2-6. Container stop valve, 2-7. Fluidizing gas stop valve, 2-8. Ambient air stop valve, 2-9. Absolute pressure gauge stop valve, 2-10. Reserved inlet and outlet stop valves, 2-11. Storage tank stop valve, 2-12. Oxidant pressure reducing valve, 2-13. Reducing agent pressure reducing valve, 2-14 Inert gas pressure reducing valve, 2-15. Oxidant storage tank, 2-16. Reducing agent storage tank, 2-17. Inert gas storage tank, 2-18. Vacuum pump, 2-19. Solenoid valve, 2-20. Storage tank, 2-21. Large-range absolute pressure gauge, 2-22. Small-range absolute pressure gauge, 2-23. Large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve, 2-24. Small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve, 2-25. Fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve, 2-26. Fluidizing agent storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0057] Combination Figure 1-3 A device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuels, comprising a bomb body and a gas distribution platform, wherein the bomb body has an internal cavity, a plurality of bomb wall through holes are opened on the bomb body, and the bomb body comprises a measuring rod, an injector 1-26, an injector pipe 1-24, an ignition device, and an intake and exhaust pipe 1-22,

[0058] A plurality of measuring rods extend into the internal cavity through the through holes in the bomb wall. The ignition device and the air inlet and exhaust pipes 1-22 are arranged on the bomb container body. The inner end of the injector tube 1-24 extends into the internal cavity and is connected to the injector 1-26, and the outer end is connected to the gas distribution platform. The air inlet and exhaust pipes 1-22 are connected to the gas distribution platform. A pressure sensor 3-1 and an ion flame probe 3-2 are arranged in each measuring rod.

[0059] Furthermore, the bomb container body includes an upper end cover 1-1, a lower end cover 1-2, a bolt 1-3 and a bomb body periphery 1-4. The upper end cover 1-1 and the lower end cover 1-2 are connected to form an internal cavity. The bomb body periphery 1-4 is located at the connection between the upper end cover 1-1 and the lower end cover 1-2. The bolt 1-3 passes through the bomb body periphery 1-4 to achieve a fixed connection between the upper end cover 1-1 and the lower end cover 1-2.

[0060] Furthermore, the elastic wall through hole includes a first elastic wall through hole 1-10, a second elastic wall through hole 1-11 and a third elastic wall through hole 1-12, and the measuring rod includes a first measuring rod 1-5, a second measuring rod 1-8 and a third measuring rod 1-7, and the first measuring rod 1-5, the second measuring rod 1-8 and the third measuring rod 1-7 extend into the internal cavity through the first elastic wall through hole 1-10, the second elastic wall through hole 1-11 and the third elastic wall through hole 1-12 respectively.

[0061] Furthermore, the elastic wall through hole also includes a fourth elastic wall through hole 1-21, and the ignition device includes a high-energy spark plug 1-13, a pre-detonation tube air intake pipe 1-14, a pre-detonation tube air intake joint 1-15, and a pre-detonation tube 1-16. One end of the pre-detonation tube 1-16 extends into the internal cavity through the fourth elastic wall through hole 1-21, and the other end is connected to the pre-detonation tube air intake joint 1-15. The high-energy spark plug 1-13 and the pre-detonation tube air intake pipe 1-14 are respectively connected to the pre-detonation tube air intake joint 1-15.

[0062] Furthermore, the bomb container body is provided with an air inlet and air outlet hole 1-23, and the air inlet and air outlet pipe 1-22 extends into the internal cavity through the air inlet and air outlet hole 1-23.

[0063] Further, the gas distribution platform includes a ten-way cavity 2-1, an ambient air stop valve 2-8, a reducing agent stop valve 2-2, a reducing agent pressure reducing valve 2-12, a reducing agent storage tank 2-15, an oxidant stop valve 2-3, an oxidant pressure reducing valve 2-13, an oxidant storage tank 2-16, an inert gas stop valve 2-4, an inert gas pressure reducing valve 2-14, an inert gas storage tank 2-17, a fluidizing agent stop valve 2-7, a fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve 2-25, a fluidizing agent storage tank 2-26, a large-range absolute pressure gauge 2-21, a small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, a vacuum pump stop valve 2-5, a vacuum pump 2-18, a bomb stop valve 2-6, a storage tank stop valve 2-11, and a storage tank 2-20, one end of the bomb stop valve 2-6 is connected to the ten-way cavity 2-1, and the other end is connected to the inlet and exhaust pipes 1-22, and the large-range absolute pressure gauge 2-21 and a small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22 are connected to the ten-way chamber 2-1 through the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-23 and the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-24 respectively, the vacuum pump 2-18 is connected to the ten-way chamber 2-1 through the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5, the oxidant storage tank 2-16 is connected to the ten-way chamber 2-1 through the oxidant pressure reducing valve 2-13 and the oxidant stop valve 2-3, the reductant storage tank 2-15 is connected to the ten-way chamber 2-1 through the reductant pressure reducing valve 2-12 and the reductant stop valve 2-2, one side of the storage tank 2-20 is connected to the ten-way chamber 2-1 through the storage tank stop valve 2-11, and the other side of the storage tank 2-20 is connected to the injector connection 1-26 through the solenoid valve 2-19 and the injector pipe 1-24, and the fluidizing agent storage tank 2-26 is connected to the ten-way chamber 2-1 through the fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve 2-25 and the fluidizing agent stop valve 2-7.

[0064] Furthermore, it also includes an absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-9, and the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-23 and the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-24 are connected to the ten-way cavity 2-1 through the absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-9.

[0065] Furthermore, it also includes a reserved inlet and outlet stop valve 2-10, and the reserved inlet and outlet stop valve 2-10 is connected to the ten-way cavity 2-1.

[0066] A method for studying the combustion, detonation formation and propagation process of powdered fuel using the above-mentioned device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powdered and gaseous fuels comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Open the bomb container body, separate the upper end cover 1-1 and the lower end cover 1-2, and place the smoked smoke film or directly use lead foil at different positions in the bomb container body to record the cellular image of the formation and propagation process of the detonation wave;

[0068] S2. Arrange three measuring rods at different positions, each measuring rod is provided with a pressure sensor 3-1 and an ion flame probe 3-2;

[0069] S3. Add an appropriate amount of a mixed gas composed of an oxidant and a reducing agent or a single oxidizing gas or a reducing agent gas through the intake pipe 1-14 on the pre-detonation pipe intake joint 1-15, adjust the ignition energy in the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, and change the intensity of the detonation wave outlet;

[0070] S4. The injector 1-26 is arranged at the bottom of the bomb container body, so that the injector 1-26 is connected to the injector tube 1-24;

[0071] S5. According to the mass of the powder required for the experiment, weigh the required mass and place it in the injector 1-26;

[0072] S6. Close the bomb body, calculate the partial pressures of the reducing agent, oxidizing agent, inert gas and fluidizing gas according to the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure environmental conditions of the gas required for the experiment, and prepare to start the experiment;

[0073] S7. Open the vacuum pump 2-18 of the gas distribution station, open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 and the bomb container stop valve 2-6, evacuate the gas in the bomb container body to vacuum, open the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-24, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0074] S8. Slowly open the inert gas stop valve 2-4, so that the inert gas slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the bomb container body, observe the small-range absolute pressure indicator 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the inert gas stop valve 2-4 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual inert gas in the gas distribution table, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0075] S9. Slowly open the oxidant stop valve 2-3, so that the oxidant slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the bomb 1, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indicator 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb stop valve 2-6 and the oxidant stop valve 2-3 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0076] S10. Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve 2-2, so that the reducing agent slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication number 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the reducing agent stop valve 2-2 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the indication drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0077] S11. Slowly open the fluidizing agent stop valve 2-7, so that the fluidizing agent slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the storage tank 2-20, close the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-24, open the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-23, observe the large-range absolute pressure indication 2-21, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the storage tank stop valve 2-11 and the fluidizing agent stop valve 2-7 in sequence, open the ambient air stop valve 2-8, so that the gas distribution platform chamber is balanced with the atmospheric environment, then close the ambient air stop valve 2-8, and then open the small-range absolute pressure indicator stop valve 2-24, open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5, and evacuate the residual fluidizing agent in the gas distribution platform to vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and when the indication drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 and the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-23;

[0078] S12. The solenoid valve 2-19 is opened, and the fluidizing gas injects the powder fuel from the storage tank 2-20 into the bomb body through the injector 1-26. After the preset delay time, the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system is turned on to realize single ignition, multiple ignition or interval ignition at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave will be formed at the outlet of the pre-detonation tube 1-16. After the deflagration wave or the detonation wave sweeps through the mixture of the oxidant, the reducing agent, the fluidizing agent and the inert gas in the bomb body, it may be enhanced or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measuring rod in the bomb body;

[0079] S13. Open the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 in sequence, evacuate the combustion products in the bomb container body to a vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5, open the ambient air stop valve 2-8, allow the atmosphere to enter the gas distribution table and the bomb container body, achieve pressure balance, open the bomb container body, take out the smoke film or lead foil, and record the cell mark or cell pattern;

[0080] S14. In different comparative experiments, different initial total pressures, equivalence ratios and back pressures are changed and / or powders with different physical and chemical properties and / or different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions are replaced, so as to study the influence of powders with different physical and chemical properties and different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions on the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves and the combustion and detonation characteristics under different environmental conditions. In different comparative experiments, the experiments are repeated according to the steps described in S1-S13 to verify the consistency and reliability of the laws, which include the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves, failure laws and combustion and detonation characteristics.

[0081] A method for studying the combustion, detonation formation and propagation process of gaseous fuel using the above-mentioned device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0082] S1. Open the bomb container body, separate the upper end cover 1-1 and the lower end cover 1-2, and place the smoked smoke film or lead foil at different positions in the bomb container body to record the cellular image of the formation and propagation process of the detonation wave;

[0083] S2. Arrange three measuring rods at different positions, each measuring rod is provided with a pressure sensor 3-1 and an ion flame probe 3-2;

[0084] S3. Add an appropriate amount of mixed gas consisting of oxidizing gas and reducing gas or a single oxidizing gas or reducing agent gas through the intake pipe 1-14 on the pre-detonation pipe intake joint 1-15 to adjust the ignition energy in the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, thereby changing the intensity of the detonation wave outlet.

[0085] S4. Close the bomb body, calculate the partial pressures of the reducing agent, oxidizing agent and inert gas according to the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure of the gas required for the experiment, and prepare to start the experiment;

[0086] S5. Open the vacuum pump 2-18 of the gas distribution station, open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 and the bomb container stop valve 2-6, evacuate the gas in the bomb container body to vacuum, open the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve 2-24, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0087] S6. Slowly open the inert gas stop valve 2-4, so that the inert gas slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the bomb container body, observe the small-range absolute pressure indicator 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the inert gas stop valve 2-4 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual inert gas in the gas distribution table, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0088] S7. Slowly open the oxidant stop valve 2-3, so that the oxidant slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the bomb container body, observe the small-range absolute pressure indicator 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the oxidant stop valve 2-3 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0089] S8. Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve 2-2, so that the reducing agent slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication number 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the reducing agent stop valve 2-2 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the indication drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0090] S9. Turn on the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system to realize single ignition, multiple ignition or ignition at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave will be formed at the outlet of the pre-detonation tube 1-16. After the deflagration wave or the detonation wave sweeps through the mixture of the oxidant, the reducing agent, the fluidizing agent and the inert gas in the bomb, it may be strengthened or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measuring rod arranged in the bomb body;

[0091] S10. Open the bomb container stop valve 2-6 and the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 in sequence, evacuate the combustion products in the bomb container body to a vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5, open the ambient air stop valve 2-8, allow the atmosphere to enter the gas distribution table and the bomb container body, achieve pressure balance, open the bomb container body, remove the smoke film or lead foil in the combustion chamber, and record the cell mark or cell pattern;

[0092] S11. In different comparative experiments, the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure of different gases are changed, gases with different physical and chemical properties and / or different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions are replaced, so as to study the influence of gases with different physical and chemical properties, different ignition positions and different high-energy ignition energies on the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves and the combustion and detonation characteristics under different environmental conditions. In different comparative experiments, the experiments are repeated according to the steps described in S1-S10 to verify the consistency and reliability of the laws, which include the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves, failure laws and combustion and detonation characteristics.

[0093] In the experiment of studying non-premixed combustion and detonation mechanism, there are three schemes: injecting oxidant in reducing agent and inert gas atmosphere; injecting reducing agent in oxidant and inert gas atmosphere; injecting oxidant and reducing agent at the same time in inert gas atmosphere.

[0094] In the first solution, step S7 and step S8 in the gaseous fuel test steps need to be interchanged, and step S7 is changed to the following steps:

[0095] Slowly open the oxidant stop valve 2-2, so that the oxidant slowly passes through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enters the storage tank 2-20, observe the reading of the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the storage tank stop valve 2-11 and the oxidant stop valve 2-2 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table 2, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to less than 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0096] In the second scheme, the steps are the same as those in the gaseous fuel experiment, except that step S8 is replaced by the following steps:

[0097] Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve 2-3, so that the reducing agent slowly enters the storage tank 2-20 through the ten-way chamber 2-1, observe the reading of the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-24, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the storage tank stop valve 2-11 and the reducing agent stop valve 2-3 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table 2, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5;

[0098] In the third scheme, the oxidant and the reductant are injected simultaneously, and it is necessary to merge S7 and S8 in the gaseous fuel experimental steps into the following steps:

[0099] Slowly open the oxidant stop valve 2-2 and the reductant stop valve 2-3, so that the oxidant and the reductant slowly pass through the ten-way chamber 2-1 and then enter the storage tank 2-20, observe the reading of the small-scale absolute pressure gauge 2-22, and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4 in the gaseous fuel, quickly close the storage tank stop valve 2-11, the oxidant stop valve 2-2 and the reductant stop valve 2-3 in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5 to evacuate the residual oxidant and the reductant in the gas distribution station 2, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge 2-24, and when the reading drops to within 1kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve 2-5.

[0100] The above three solutions all require that step S9 in the gaseous fuel experiment be replaced with the following steps:

[0101] After the combustion and detonation parameter synchronous acquisition system is modulated to the trigger state, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to open through the ignition and valve control system to spray the gas in the storage tank into the bomb. After the preset time of the experiment is reached, the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system is turned on to realize single, multiple ignitions or interval ignitions at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave will be formed at the outlet / position of the ignition device. After sweeping through the mixture of oxidant, reductant, fluidizing agent and inert gas in the bomb, the deflagration wave or the detonation wave may be enhanced or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation processes and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measurement system arranged in the bomb: according to needs, after the preset sensor receives the signal, the detonation and combustion synchronous acquisition system can be triggered to synchronously collect and store multiple pressure sensors, flame probes and other sensors.

[0102] The injection sequence of oxidant, reductant, inert substance and fluidizing gas can be arbitrarily changed according to experimental needs.

[0103] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bomb container body and a gas distribution platform, wherein the bomb container body has an internal cavity, and a plurality of bomb wall through holes are opened on the bomb container body. The bomb container body comprises a measuring rod, an injector (1-26), an injector pipe (1-24), an ignition device, and an intake and exhaust pipe (1-22). A plurality of measuring rods extend into the internal cavity through the through holes in the bomb wall; the ignition device and the air inlet and exhaust pipes (1-22) are arranged on the bomb container body; the inner end of the injector pipe (1-24) extends into the internal cavity to be connected to the injector (1-26) and the outer end is connected to the gas distribution platform; the air inlet and exhaust pipes (1-22) are connected to the gas distribution platform; and a pressure sensor (3-1) and an ion flame probe (3-2) are arranged in each measuring rod; The elastic wall through hole comprises a first elastic wall through hole (1-10), a second elastic wall through hole (1-11) and a third elastic wall through hole (1-12); the measuring rod comprises a first measuring rod (1-5), a second measuring rod (1-8) and a third measuring rod (1-7); the first measuring rod (1-5), the second measuring rod (1-8) and the third measuring rod (1-7) respectively extend into the internal cavity through the first elastic wall through hole (1-10), the second elastic wall through hole (1-11) and the third elastic wall through hole (1-12); The elastic wall through hole further comprises a fourth elastic wall through hole (1-21); the ignition device comprises a high-energy spark plug (1-13), a pre-detonation tube air intake pipe (1-14), a pre-detonation tube air intake joint (1-15), and a pre-detonation tube (1-16); one end of the pre-detonation tube (1-16) extends into the internal cavity through the fourth elastic wall through hole (1-21), and the other end is connected to the pre-detonation tube air intake joint (1-15); the high-energy spark plug (1-13) and the pre-detonation tube air intake pipe (1-14) are respectively connected to the pre-detonation tube air intake joint (1-15).

2. The device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projectile container body comprises an upper end cover (1-1), a lower end cover (1-2), a bolt (1-3) and a projectile body periphery (1-4); the upper end cover (1-1) and the lower end cover (1-2) are butt-jointed to form an internal cavity; the projectile body periphery (1-4) is located at the butt joint between the upper end cover (1-1) and the lower end cover (1-2); and the bolt (1-3) passes through the projectile body periphery (1-4) to achieve fixed connection between the upper end cover (1-1) and the lower end cover (1-2).

3. The device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bomb container body is provided with an air inlet and air outlet hole (1-23), and the air inlet and air outlet pipe (1-22) extends into the internal cavity through the air inlet and air outlet hole (1-23).

4. The device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gas distribution platform comprises a ten-way chamber (2-1), an ambient air stop valve (2-8), a reducing agent stop valve (2-2), a reducing agent pressure reducing valve (2-12), a reducing agent storage tank (2-15), an oxidizing agent stop valve (2-3), an oxidizing agent pressure reducing valve (2-13), an oxidizing agent storage tank (2-16), an inert gas stop valve (2-4), an inert gas pressure reducing valve (2-14), an inert gas storage tank (2-17), a fluidizing agent stop valve (2-7), and a fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve. (2-25), fluidizing agent storage tank (2-26), large-range absolute pressure gauge (2-21), small-range absolute pressure gauge (2-22), vacuum pump stop valve (2-5), vacuum pump (2-18), bomb stop valve (2-6), storage tank stop valve (2-11), storage tank (2-20), one end of the bomb stop valve (2-6) is connected to the ten-way cavity (2-1), and the other end is connected to the inlet and outlet pipe 1-22, the large-range absolute pressure gauge (2-21) and the small-range absolute pressure gauge (2-22) are connected to the ten-way cavity (2-1), and the other end of the bomb stop valve (2-6) is connected to the inlet and outlet pipe 1-22. The pressure gauge (2-22) is connected to the ten-way chamber (2-1) through a large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-23) and a small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-24), respectively; the vacuum pump (2-18) is connected to the ten-way chamber (2-1) through a vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); the oxidant storage tank (2-16) is connected to the ten-way chamber (2-1) through an oxidant pressure reducing valve (2-13) and an oxidant stop valve (2-3); the reducing agent storage tank (2-15) is connected to the reducing agent storage tank (2-16) through a reducing agent pressure reducing valve (2-13) and an oxidant stop valve (2-3); The reducing agent pressure reducing valve (2-12) and the reducing agent stop valve (2-2) are connected to the ten-way volume chamber (2-1); one side of the storage tank (2-20) is connected to the ten-way volume chamber (2-1) through the storage tank stop valve (2-11); the other side of the storage tank (2-20) is connected to the injector 1-26 through the solenoid valve (2-19) and the injector pipe 1-24; the fluidizing agent storage tank (2-26) is connected to the ten-way volume chamber (2-1) through the fluidizing agent pressure reducing valve (2-25) and the fluidizing agent stop valve (2-7).

5. The device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises an absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-9), wherein the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-23) and the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-24) are connected to the ten-way cavity (2-1) via the absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-9).

6. The device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a reserved inlet and outlet stop valve (2-10), wherein the reserved inlet and outlet stop valve (2-10) is connected to the ten-way cavity (2-1).

7. A method for studying the combustion, detonation formation and propagation process of powdered fuel using the device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powdered and gaseous fuels as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Open the bomb container body, separate the upper end cover (1-1) and the lower end cover (1-2), and place the smoked smoke film or directly use lead foil at different positions in the bomb container body to record the cellular image of the detonation wave formation and propagation process; S2. Arrange three measuring rods at different positions, each measuring rod is provided with a pressure sensor (3-1) and an ion flame probe (3-2); S3. Adding an appropriate amount of a mixed gas composed of an oxidant and a reducing agent or a single oxidizing gas or a reducing agent gas through the intake pipe (1-14) on the pre-detonation pipe intake joint (1-15), adjusting the ignition energy in the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, and changing the intensity of the detonation wave outlet; S4. Arrange an injector (1-26) at the bottom of the bomb container body so that the injector (1-26) is connected to the injector tube 1-24; S5. According to the mass of powder required for the experiment, weigh the required mass and place it in the injector (1-26); S6. Close the bomb body, calculate the partial pressures of the reducing agent, oxidizing agent, inert gas and fluidizing gas according to the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure environmental conditions of the gas required for the experiment, and prepare to start the experiment; S7. Turn on the vacuum pump (2-18) of the gas distribution table, open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) and the bomb container stop valve (2-6), evacuate the gas in the bomb container body to a vacuum, open the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-24), observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the reading drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S8. Slowly open the inert gas stop valve (2-4) to allow the inert gas to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber (2-1) and then enter the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indicator (2-22), and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the inert gas stop valve (2-4) in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) to evacuate the residual inert gas in the gas distribution table, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the indication drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S9. Slowly open the oxidant stop valve (2-3) to allow the oxidant to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber (2-1) and then enter the bomb 1. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure indicator (2-22). After reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb stop valve (2-6) and the oxidant stop valve (2-3) in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table. Observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22). When the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5). S10. Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve (2-2) to allow the reducing agent to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber (2-1) and then enter the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication number (2-22), and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the reducing agent stop valve (2-2) in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the indication drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S11. Slowly open the fluidizing agent stop valve (2-7) to allow the fluidizing agent to slowly pass through the ten-way volume chamber (2-1) and then enter the storage tank (2-20), close the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-24), open the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-23), observe the large-range absolute pressure indication reading (2-21), and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S6, quickly close the storage tank stop valve (2-11) and the fluidizing agent stop valve (2-7) in sequence, open the ambient air stop valve (2-8), allow the gas distribution platform volume chamber to be balanced with the atmospheric environment, then close the ambient air stop valve (2-8), and then open the small-range absolute pressure indication gauge stop valve (2-24), open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5), evacuate the residual fluidizing agent in the gas distribution platform to vacuum, observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge, and when the indication drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) and the large-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-23); S12. The solenoid valve (2-19) is opened, and the fluidizing gas is injected into the bomb body from the storage tank (2-20) through the injector (1-26). After a preset delay time, the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system is turned on to realize single ignition, multiple ignition or interval ignition at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave is formed at the outlet of the pre-detonation tube (1-16). After the deflagration wave or the detonation wave sweeps through the mixture of the oxidant, the reducing agent, the fluidizing agent and the inert gas in the bomb body, it may be strengthened or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measuring rod in the bomb body; S13. Open the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) in sequence to evacuate the combustion products in the bomb container body to a vacuum state, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the reading drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5), open the ambient air stop valve (2-8), allow the atmosphere to enter the gas distribution table and the bomb container body, achieve pressure balance, open the bomb container body, remove the smoke film or lead foil, and record the cell mark or cell pattern; S14. In different comparative experiments, different initial total pressures, equivalence ratios and back pressures are changed and / or powders with different physical and chemical properties and / or different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions are replaced, so as to study the influence of powders with different physical and chemical properties and different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions on the formation and propagation process of combustion wave and detonation wave and the combustion and detonation characteristics under different environmental conditions. In different comparative experiments, the experiments are repeated according to the steps described in S1-S13 to verify the consistency and reliability of the laws, including the formation and propagation process of combustion wave and detonation wave, failure laws and combustion and detonation characteristics.

8. A method for studying the combustion, detonation formation and propagation process of gaseous fuels using the device for studying the combustion and detonation mechanism of powder and gaseous fuels as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Open the bomb container body, separate the upper end cover (1-1) and the lower end cover (1-2), and place the smoked smoke film or lead foil at different positions in the bomb container body to record the cellular image of the detonation wave formation and propagation process; S2. Arrange three measuring rods at different positions, each measuring rod is provided with a pressure sensor (3-1) and an ion flame probe (3-2); S3. A proper amount of a mixed gas consisting of an oxidizing gas and a reducing gas or a single oxidizing gas or a reducing agent gas is added through the intake pipe (1-14) on the pre-detonation pipe intake joint (1-15) to adjust the ignition energy in the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system, thereby changing the intensity of the detonation wave out of the pipe outlet. 9.S4. Close the bomb body, calculate the partial pressures of the reducing agent, oxidizing agent and inert gas according to the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure of the gas required for the experiment, and prepare to start the experiment; S5. Turn on the vacuum pump (2-18) of the gas distribution table, open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) and the bomb container stop valve (2-6), evacuate the gas in the bomb container body to a vacuum, open the small-range absolute pressure gauge stop valve (2-24), observe the small-range absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the reading drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S6. Slowly open the inert gas stop valve (2-4) to allow the inert gas to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber (2-1) and then enter the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indicator (2-22), and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the inert gas stop valve (2-4) in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) to evacuate the residual inert gas in the gas distribution table to vacuum, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the indication drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S7. Slowly open the oxidant stop valve (2-3) to allow the oxidant to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber (2-1) and then enter the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication number (2-22), and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the oxidant stop valve (2-3) in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) to evacuate the residual oxidant in the gas distribution table to vacuum, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the indication drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S8. Slowly open the reducing agent stop valve (2-2) to allow the reducing agent to slowly pass through the ten-way chamber (2-1) and then enter the bomb container body, observe the small-scale absolute pressure indication (2-22), and after reaching the specified partial pressure calculated in step S4, quickly close the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the reducing agent stop valve (2-2) in sequence, and then open the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) to evacuate the residual reducing agent in the gas distribution table, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the indication drops to within 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5); S9. Turn on the adjustable energy high-energy ignition system to realize single ignition, multiple ignition or ignition at different positions. After ignition, a deflagration wave or a detonation wave will be formed at the outlet of the pre-detonation tube (1-16). After sweeping through the mixture of oxidant, reductant, fluidizing agent and inert gas in the bomb, the deflagration wave or the detonation wave may be strengthened or attenuated, thereby reflecting different detonation wave formation, propagation process and detonation characteristics. The above process and characteristics are collected by the measuring rod arranged in the bomb body; S10. Open the bomb container stop valve (2-6) and the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5) in sequence to evacuate the combustion products in the bomb container body to a vacuum state, observe the small-scale absolute pressure gauge (2-22), and when the reading drops to less than 1 kPa, close the vacuum pump stop valve (2-5), open the ambient air stop valve (2-8), allow the atmosphere to enter the gas distribution table and the bomb container body, achieve pressure balance, open the bomb container body, remove the smoke film or lead foil in the combustion chamber, and record the cell mark or cell pattern; S11. In different comparative experiments, the initial total pressure, equivalence ratio and back pressure of different gases are changed, gases with different physical and chemical properties and / or different ignition devices, ignition energies and different ignition positions are replaced, so as to study the influence of gases with different physical and chemical properties, different ignition positions and different high-energy ignition energies on the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves and the combustion and detonation characteristics under different environmental conditions. In different comparative experiments, the steps described in S1-S10 are repeated to verify the consistency and reliability of the laws, including the formation and propagation process of combustion waves and detonation waves, the failure law and the combustion and detonation characteristics.

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