A pipeline crossing the outer wall structure and method on an airtight heat-insulating masonry wall

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and relates to a structure and method for a pipeline to cross through an exterior wall on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall, including: a wall, an opening, and a pipeline. The wall is an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall. Heat-insulating materials are filled between the pipeline and the steel casing to seal the gap between the pipeline and the opening. A waterproof and air-barrier film and a waterproof and breathable film are respectively pasted on the inner and outer walls of the wall to further seal the gap. At the outdoor pipe opening, sealant and pre-compressed expansion sealing tape are used to reduce the influence of the low temperature outside in cold regions on the heat insulation and sealing performance of the gap at the outdoor pipe opening. An airtight layer is also provided on the inner wall surface of the wall, thereby ensuring high airtightness, no thermal bridge, and good heat insulation and energy-saving characteristics for the pipeline to cross through the exterior wall on the airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and relates to a structure and method for a pipeline to penetrate through an external wall on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall. Background Art

[0002] In the existing pipeline wall-penetrating heat-insulating and sealing technology, the wall-penetrating pipe and the casing are two separate devices, and there is a situation where the construction process is not continuous. The sealing performance is poor. After the external wall construction is completed, the pipeline openings in the heat-insulating layer and the protective layer need to be re-drilled, which destroys the waterproof and airtight performance between the pipeline and the protective layer, easily leads to cracking and water seepage, and the airtight and heat-insulating effect is not good.

[0003] For example, the main methods for the wire casing to penetrate through the external wall heat insulation and sealing are to block the pipe orifice with a mixture of waterproof agent added to cement, grout cement in the casing, tamp with a wooden mallet, and block with traditional methods to fix the cable firmly. The method of blocking the pipe orifice with a mixture of waterproof agent added to cement belongs to rigid blocking. Affected by thermal expansion and contraction, the airtight and heat-insulating effect is not good. The method of grouting cement in the casing and tamping with a wooden mallet has a potential leakage hazard, and the casing walls made of materials such as cement, plastic, and steel cannot achieve complete waterproof and airtight sealing. At the same time, the method of blocking and fixing the cable firmly is not conducive to later maintenance and the development of subsequent projects.

[0004] Therefore, in cold regions or in venue projects with high requirements for heat insulation and sealing, the existing structures and methods for pipelines to penetrate through external walls cannot meet the requirements of airtightness and heat insulation. How to provide a pipeline structure for penetrating through an external wall to meet the requirements of an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall has always been a technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: A structure for a pipeline to penetrate through an external wall on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall, including: a wall, a hole, and a pipeline. The wall is an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall. The hole is a cylindrical hole reserved or drilled on the wall for the pipeline to penetrate through the external wall. A cylindrical steel casing is fixed in the hole. The two ends of the steel casing are flush with the two ends of the hole. The pipeline is a cylindrical pipe. After the pipeline passes through the inner pipe of the steel casing, there is an annular filling gap between the outer wall of the pipeline and the inner wall of the steel casing. The filling gap is densely filled with heat-insulating materials. The heat-insulating materials are flush with the wall surfaces on both sides of the hole opening. Since the steel casing is pre-fixed in the hole, and the diameter difference between the steel casing and the pipeline is more than 100 mm, it ensures the density and thickness of the heat-insulating materials in the filling gap, and thus ensures the sealing and heat-insulating performance of the pipeline in the wall after passing through the wall;

[0006] An annular waterproof and air-isolating membrane is pasted on the inner opening of the wall, the inner hole diameter of the waterproof and air-isolating membrane is not larger than the outer diameter of the pipe, and the outer diameter of the waterproof and air-isolating membrane is larger than the outer diameter of the opening; an annular waterproof and breathable membrane is pasted on the outer opening of the wall, the inner hole diameter of the waterproof and breathable membrane is not larger than the outer diameter of the pipe, and the outer diameter of the waterproof and breathable membrane is larger than the outer diameter of the opening; by setting a waterproof and air-isolating membrane on the inner wall of the wall to block the gaps between the pipe, the steel sleeve and the opening, and by setting a waterproof and breathable membrane on the outer wall of the wall to block the gaps between the pipe, the steel sleeve and the opening, the air tightness and thermal insulation of both ends of the pipe after passing through the wall are further guaranteed;

[0007] The end face of the pipe extending out of the wall is provided with sealant, and the cylindrical surface of the pipe extending out of the wall is provided with a pre-compression expansion sealing tape around the pipe. By using sealant and pre-compression expansion sealing tape on the outside of the wall, the outdoor pipe, steel sleeve and opening are sealed and insulated again to prevent the low outside temperature in the cold region from affecting the thermal insulation and sealing of the gap at the outdoor pipe opening, and once again improve the air tightness and thermal insulation of the pipe and the wall.

[0008] The pipes include electrical conduits, refrigerant pipes, and ventilation pipes.

[0009] Preferably, the thermal insulation material is fireproof rock wool, which not only has good thermal insulation properties but also can prevent the spread of fire. Therefore, the thermal insulation material can meet the requirements of thermal insulation and fire protection at the same time.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall surface of the wall is leveled with cement mortar to form an airtight layer.

[0011] Preferably, when the pipe is a wire sleeve, elastic sealants are provided at both inner and outer ends to seal the gap between the wire and the inner wall of the pipe after the wire passes through the pipe, thereby ensuring that the external airflow is blocked from the air in the pipe to provide better air tightness and thermal insulation.

[0012] More preferably, the sealing depth of the elastic sealant is not less than 100 mm.

[0013] Preferably, when the duct is a ventilation duct, a heat-insulating and sealed electric air valve is provided at the inner opening of the duct, and an external rainproof shutter is provided at the outer opening of the duct.

[0014] More preferably, an insect-proof net is provided inside the external rainproof louver.

[0015] More preferably, the outer circumference of the inner opening of the pipe is wrapped with a rubber insulation layer.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a method for a pipe on an airtight heat-insulating masonry wall to cross an outer wall, which is used for the construction of the pipe crossing an outer wall structure, and comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Drill a hole at the wall area where the pipeline penetrates the wall according to the design requirements;

[0018] Step 2: After drilling the hole, fix a steel casing in the hole of the wall;

[0019] Step 3: Horizontally penetrate the pipeline through the steel casing, and densely fill the insulation material in the filling gap between the pipeline and the steel casing;

[0020] Step 4: After the pipeline is in place horizontally, paste a waterproof and airtight film on the indoor side of the wall where the pipeline is located, so that the waterproof and airtight film is pasted on the pipeline and the wall respectively;

[0021] Step 5: Paste a waterproof and breathable film on the outdoor side of the wall where the pipeline is located, so that the waterproof and breathable film is pasted on the pipeline and the wall respectively;

[0022] Step 6: On the outdoor side of the wall where the pipeline is located, use a pre-compressed expansion sealing tape to surround the pipeline for more than one week to seal the inner gap of the hole at the opening of the pipeline and the wall;

[0023] Step 7: On the outdoor side of the wall where the pipeline is located, use sealant to seal the wall gap at the opening of the pipeline and the wall.

[0024] Preferably, when drilling a hole in Step 1, enough insulation gap for the pipeline should be reserved. The diameter of the reserved hole should be more than 100 mm larger than the pipe diameter. The distance between adjacent reserved holes should be avoided being too close. When filling the insulation material in Step 3, both ends should be blocked and then foamed and filled to ensure the filling compactness. After the filled foam is completely dry, it should be leveled and tightly blocked with a crack-resistant mesh and crack-resistant mortar.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] In the present invention, the gap between the pipeline and the opening is sealed by filling the insulation material between the pipeline and the steel casing. The waterproof and airtight film and the waterproof and breathable film are respectively pasted on the inner and outer walls of the wall to further seal the gap. At the outdoor pipe opening, sealant and pre-compressed expansion sealing tape are used to reduce the influence of the low temperature outside in cold regions on the insulation and sealing performance of the gap at the outdoor pipe opening. An airtight layer is also provided on the inner wall surface of the wall, so as to ensure the high airtightness, no thermal bridge, good insulation and energy-saving characteristics of the pipeline passing through the outer wall of the airtight insulation masonry wall. Therefore, the present invention improves the project quality, effectively solves the waterproof and leakage problems of wire conduits, refrigerant pipes and ventilation pipes, improves the sealing and insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building, saves the construction period, reduces the generation of construction waste, reduces the energy consumption of the building, and obtains good social and economic benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of an electric wire casing for a structure and method of a pipeline passing through an external wall on an airtight thermal insulation masonry wall;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a ventilation pipeline;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant pipeline.

[0030] In the figure, 1 is the wall; 2 is the opening; 3 is the pipeline; 4 is the steel casing; 5 is the filling gap; 6 is the thermal insulation material; 7 is the waterproof and airtight film; 8 is the waterproof and breathable film; 9 is the sealant; 10 is the pre-pressurized expansion sealing tape; 11 is the airtight layer; 12 is the electric wire; 13 is the elastic sealant; 14 is the thermal insulation and sealed electric air valve; 15 is the external rain-proof louver; 16 is the insect-proof net; 17 is the rubber thermal insulation layer. Specific implementation manners

[0031] Next, the related technologies in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a structure for a pipeline passing through an external wall on an airtight thermal insulation masonry wall, comprising: a wall 1, an opening 2, and a pipeline 3. The wall 1 is an airtight thermal insulation masonry wall, the opening 2 is a cylindrical hole reserved or drilled on the wall 1 for the pipeline 3 to penetrate the external wall, a cylindrical steel casing 4 is fixed in the opening 2, both ends of the steel casing 4 are flush with both ends of the opening 2, the pipeline 3 is a cylindrical pipe, after the pipeline 3 passes through the inner pipe of the steel casing 4, an annular filling gap 5 is left between the outer wall of the pipeline 3 and the inner wall of the steel casing 4, and the filling gap 5 is densely filled with a thermal insulation material 6, and the thermal insulation material 6 is flush with the wall surfaces on both sides of the opening of the opening 2; since the steel casing 4 is pre-fixed in the opening 2 and the diameter difference between the steel casing 4 and the pipeline 3 is more than 100 mm, the density and thickness of the thermal insulation material 6 in the filling gap 5 are ensured, thereby ensuring the sealing and heat preservation of the pipeline 3 in the wall after passing through the wall;

[0033] An annular waterproof and air-isolating membrane 7 is pasted at the inner hole of the wall 1, and the inner hole diameter of the waterproof and air-isolating membrane 7 is not larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 3, and the outer diameter of the waterproof and air-isolating membrane 7 is larger than the outer diameter of the hole 2; an annular waterproof and breathable membrane 8 is pasted at the outer hole of the wall 1, and the inner hole diameter of the waterproof and breathable membrane 8 is not larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 3, and the outer diameter of the waterproof and breathable membrane 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the hole 2; by arranging the waterproof and air-isolating membrane 7 on the inner wall of the wall 1 to block the gap between the pipe 3, the steel sleeve 4 and the hole 2, and by arranging the waterproof and breathable membrane 8 on the outer wall of the wall 1 to block the gap between the pipe 3, the steel sleeve 4 and the hole 2, the air tightness and thermal insulation of the two ends of the pipe 3 after passing through the wall are further ensured;

[0034] The end surface of the pipe 3 extending out of the wall 1 is provided with a sealant 9, and the cylindrical surface of the pipe 3 extending out of the wall 1 is provided with a pre-compression expansion sealing tape 10 that wraps around the pipe. By using the sealant 9 and the pre-compression expansion sealing tape 10 on the outside of the wall 1, the outdoor pipe 3, the steel sleeve 4 and the opening 2 are sealed and insulated again to prevent the low external temperature in the cold region from affecting the thermal insulation and sealing of the gap at the outdoor pipe opening, and once again improve the air tightness and thermal insulation of the pipe 3 and the wall 1.

[0035] The pipeline 3 includes a wire casing, a refrigerant pipeline, and a ventilation pipeline.

[0036] Furthermore, the thermal insulation material 6 is fireproof rock wool, which not only has good thermal insulation properties but also can prevent the spread of fire. Therefore, the thermal insulation material 6 can meet the requirements of thermal insulation and fire protection at the same time.

[0037] Furthermore, an airtight layer 11 is formed on the inner wall surface of the wall body 1 by leveling with cement mortar.

[0038] Furthermore, when the pipe 3 is a wire sleeve, after the wire 12 passes through the pipe 3, elastic sealants 13 are provided at both ends to seal the gap between the wire 12 and the inner wall of the pipe 3, ensuring that the external airflow is blocked from the air in the pipe 3 to provide better air tightness and thermal insulation.

[0039] Furthermore, the sealing depth of the elastic sealant 13 is not less than 100 mm.

[0040] Furthermore, when the duct 3 is a ventilation duct, a heat-insulating and sealed electric air valve 14 is provided at the inner opening of the duct 3 , and an external rainproof shutter 15 is provided at the outer opening of the duct 3 .

[0041] Furthermore, an insect-proof net 16 is provided inside the external rainproof louver 15 .

[0042] Furthermore, the outer circumference of the inner opening of the pipe 3 is wrapped with a rubber insulation layer 17 .

[0043] The present invention also discloses a method for a pipeline to cross through an external wall of an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall, which is used for the construction of the above-mentioned pipeline crossing through the external wall structure, and includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Open a hole at the wall surface part where the pipeline 3 penetrates the wall 1 according to the design requirements;

[0045] Step 2: After opening the hole, fix a steel casing 4 in the hole of the wall 1;

[0046] Step 3: Horizontally penetrate the pipeline 3 through the steel casing 4, and densely fill the heat-insulating material 6 in the filling gap 5 between the pipeline 3 and the steel casing 4;

[0047] Step 4: After the pipeline 3 is in place for crossing, paste a waterproof and airtight film 7 on the indoor side of the wall 1 where the pipeline 3 is located, so that the waterproof and airtight film 7 is respectively pasted on the pipeline 3 and the wall 1;

[0048] Step 5: Paste a waterproof and breathable film 8 on the outdoor side of the wall 1 where the pipeline 3 is located, so that the waterproof and breathable film 8 is respectively pasted on the pipeline 3 and the wall 1;

[0049] Step 6: Use a pre-compressed expansion sealing tape 10 to surround the pipeline 3 more than one week on the outdoor side of the wall 1 where the pipeline 3 is located to seal the gap in the hole at the opening of the pipeline 3 and the wall 1;

[0050] Step 7: Use a sealant 9 to seal the wall gap at the opening of the pipeline 3 and the wall 1 on the outdoor side of the wall 1 where the pipeline 3 is located.

[0051] Furthermore, when opening the hole in Step 1, enough heat-insulating gaps for the pipeline 3 should be reserved. The diameter of the reserved hole should be more than 100 mm larger than the pipe diameter. The distance between adjacent reserved holes should be avoided being too close. When filling the heat-insulating material 6 in Step 3, both ends should be blocked and then foamed and filled to ensure the filling compactness. After the filled foam is completely dry, it should be leveled and tightly blocked with a crack-resistant net and crack-resistant mortar.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] This embodiment is a museum project building in a scenic area in a severe cold region, and it is required that the heat-insulating and sealing performance of the electric wire casing passing through the external wall of the basement meets the requirements for the outdoor pipe orifice when the external temperature is relatively low in the cold region.

[0054] When the wire casing passes through the basement exterior wall, when the pipe 3 passes through the wall body 1 of the basement exterior wall, sufficient filling gaps 5 for the thermal insulation material 6 shall be reserved when opening the hole 2 and reserving the steel casing 4. A waterproof and airtight film 7 shall be pasted on the indoor side wall body 1 for sealing treatment, and the filling gap 5 between the reserved steel casing 4 and the pipe 3 shall be reliably sealed. When using foaming agent for filling, both ends shall be sealed before foaming to ensure the foaming compactness. After the foaming is completely dry, a leveling treatment shall be carried out, and it shall be tightly sealed with a crack-resistant mesh and crack-resistant mortar. In addition, waterproof treatment shall be carried out on the outdoor side of the exterior wall, and the construction process of the waterproof shall be kept dry. The penetrations of the pipe 3, the wire 12, etc. can be reliably sealed with a pre-pressurized expansion sealing tape 10 and a sealant 9. The pre-pressurized expansion sealing tape 10 shall be flexible and elastic, and still ensure airtightness when there is slight deformation.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] Embodiment 2 is also the museum project building in Embodiment 1, and it is required that the thermal insulation and sealing performance of the ventilation pipe passing through the basement exterior wall meet the requirements for the outdoor pipe orifice in a cold region with a relatively low outside air temperature.

[0057] When the ventilation pipe passes through the exterior wall, sufficient thermal insulation gaps shall be reserved when opening the hole for the ventilation pipe. The diameter of the reserved hole shall be preferably more than 100 mm larger than the pipe diameter of the pipe 3. The distance between adjacent reserved holes shall be avoided being too close, and the pasting space for the waterproof and airtight film 7, the waterproof and breathable film 8 and the wall body 1 shall be reserved. The filling gap 5 between the reserved steel casing 4 and the pipe 3 shall be reliably sealed. The waterproof and airtight film 7 and the waterproof and breathable film 8 shall be respectively pasted on the inner and outer side walls of the wall body 1 to further seal the gap. At the outdoor pipe orifice, the sealant 9 and the pre-pressurized expansion sealing tape 10 are used to reduce the influence of the low outside temperature in a severe cold region on the thermal insulation and airtightness of the gap at the outdoor pipe orifice. When the pipe 3 penetrates the thermal insulation layer, sealing treatment must be carried out, and the pre-pressurized expansion sealing tape 10 is used to fill and solidify the gap.

[0058] In summary, the present invention provides a structure for a pipe to cross through an exterior wall on an airtight thermal insulation masonry wall. By filling a thermal insulation material between the pipe and the steel casing to seal the gap between the pipe and the opening, the waterproof and airtight film and the waterproof and breathable film are respectively pasted on the inner and outer side walls of the wall body to further seal the gap. At the outdoor pipe orifice, the sealant and the pre-pressurized expansion sealing tape are used to reduce the influence of the low outside temperature in a severe cold region on the thermal insulation and airtightness of the gap at the outdoor pipe orifice, and an airtight layer is also provided on the inner side wall surface of the wall body, thereby ensuring high airtightness, no thermal bridge, good thermal insulation and energy-saving characteristics for the pipe to cross through the exterior wall on the airtight thermal insulation masonry wall. Therefore, the present invention has a wide application prospect.

[0059] It should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and there is no restriction on the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for a pipeline to cross through an external wall on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall, characterized in that, Including: A wall (1), an opening (2), and a pipe (3). The wall (1) is an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall. The opening (2) is a cylindrical hole reserved or drilled in the wall (1) for the pipe (3) to penetrate the outer wall. A cylindrical steel casing (4) is fixed in the opening (2). The two ends of the steel casing (4) are flush with the two ends of the opening (2). The pipe (3) is a cylindrical pipe. After the pipe (3) passes through the inner pipe of the steel casing (4), an annular filling gap (5) is left between the outer wall of the pipe (3) and the inner wall of the steel casing (4). The filling gap (5) is densely filled with a heat-insulating material (6), and the heat-insulating material (6) is flush with the wall surfaces on both sides of the opening of the opening (2); A circular waterproof and airtight film (7) is pasted at the inner side opening of the wall (1). The inner hole diameter of the waterproof and airtight film (7) is not greater than the outer diameter of the pipe (3), and the outer diameter of the waterproof and airtight film (7) is greater than the outer diameter of the opening of the opening (2); A circular waterproof and breathable film (8) is pasted at the outer side opening of the wall (1). The inner hole diameter of the waterproof and breathable film (8) is not greater than the outer diameter of the pipe (3), and the outer diameter of the waterproof and breathable film (8) is greater than the outer diameter of the opening of the opening (2); A sealant (9) is provided at the end face of the pipe (3) extending out of the outer side of the wall (1), and a pre-pressed expansion sealing band (10) surrounding the pipe for one week is provided on the cylindrical surface of the pipe (3) extending out of the outer side of the wall (1); The pipe (3) includes an electrical wire casing, a refrigerant pipe, and a ventilation pipe; The heat-insulating material (6) is fireproof rock wool; An airtight layer (11) is leveled with cement mortar on the inner wall surface of the wall (1).

2. The pipeline crossing the outer wall structure on the airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the pipe (3) is an electrical wire casing, when an electrical wire (12) passes through the pipe (3), elastic sealants (13) are provided at both the inner and outer ends to seal the gap between the electrical wire (12) and the inner wall of the pipe (3).

3. The pipeline crossing the outer wall structure on the airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing depth of the elastic sealant (13) is not less than 100 mm.

4. A pipeline crossing the outer wall structure on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the pipe (3) is a ventilation pipe, a heat-insulating and sealing electric air valve (14) is provided at the inner opening of the pipe (3), and an external rain-proof louver (15) is provided at the outer opening of the pipe (3).

5. The structure of a pipeline passing through an external wall on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, An insect-proof net (16) is provided inside the external rain-proof louver (15).

6. The pipeline cross - outer - wall structure on an airtight and heat - insulating masonry wall according to claim 4, wherein, A rubber heat-insulating layer (17) is wrapped around the outer circumference of the inner opening of the pipe (3).

7. A method for a pipeline to cross a building exterior wall on an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall, the method being used for the construction of the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Open a hole at the wall surface of the pipe (3) penetrating the wall (1) according to the design requirements; Step 2: After opening the hole, fix the steel casing (4) in the hole of the wall (1); Step 3: Horizontally penetrate the pipe (3) through the steel casing (4), and densely fill the heat-insulating material (6) in the filling gap (5) between the pipe (3) and the steel casing (4); Step 4: After the pipe (3) is in place horizontally, paste the waterproof and airtight film (7) on the indoor side of the wall (1) where the pipe (3) is located, so that the waterproof and airtight film (7) is pasted on the pipe (3) and the wall (1) respectively; Step Five: Paste a waterproof and breathable membrane (8) on the outdoor side of the wall (1) where the pipeline (3) is located, so that the waterproof and breathable membrane (8) is pasted on the pipeline (3) and the wall (1) respectively; Step Six: Use a pre-expanded sealing tape (10) to surround the pipeline (3) more than once on the outdoor side of the wall (1) where the pipeline (3) is located to seal the inner gap of the hole at the opening of the pipeline (3) and the wall (1); Step Seven: Use a sealant (9) to seal the wall gap at the opening of the pipeline (3) and the wall (1) on the outdoor side of the wall (1) where the pipeline (3) is located.

8. A method for a pipeline to cross the outer wall of an airtight and heat-insulating masonry wall according to claim 7, characterized in that When making an opening in Step One, sufficient insulation clearance for the pipeline (3) should be reserved. When filling the thermal insulation material (6) in Step Three, both ends should be blocked and then foamed and filled to ensure the filling compactness.

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