A temporary support device for the roof of surrounding rock in roadway excavation and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a temporary support device for the roof of surrounding rock in roadway excavation and a use method thereof. The temporary support device comprises a roof beam frame, a plurality of support members are distributed on the top surface of the roof beam frame, and the roof of the roadway is supported through the support members; a plurality of groups of bionic walking mechanisms are arranged on the bottom surface of the roof beam frame at intervals, and the temporary support device is driven to move in the roadway through the bionic walking mechanisms; an auxiliary front beam is rotatably connected to the front end of the roof beam frame, a plurality of support members are also distributed on the auxiliary front beam, and the surrounding rock in front of the roadway is supported through the support members; at least one group of W steel belt arrangement mechanisms is arranged on the roof beam frame and the auxiliary front beam respectively, and W steel belts are arranged through the W steel belt arrangement mechanisms. The temporary support device is mainly suitable for the temporary support of the roof of surrounding rock in various situations in roadway excavation, assists the support workers in W steel belt installation work, and synchronously moves with the heading machine and temporarily supports the front roof.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a temporary support device for the roof of surrounding rock in roadway excavation and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A roadway is a kind of passageway between the ground and the ore body for realizing the functions of ore transportation, ventilation, drainage, and pedestrian passage. Roadway excavation is an indispensable process for forming a roadway. During the roadway excavation process, the spatial distribution of the excavated rock mass changes, the stress around the roadway gradually concentrates, and the roof and both sides of the roadway will deform.

[0003] For a roadway with poor rock mass stability, large mining influence, and weak support strength, roof fall and rib spalling are likely to occur, and in severe cases, collapse may even occur. It is crucial to enhance roadway support and maintain the stability of the roadway to protect the lives and health of workers and reduce economic losses of equipment.

[0004] With the rapid development of technology, especially the development of the excavator, the efficiency of roadway excavation has been greatly improved. In the past, the roadway excavation process adopted a mode of excavation first and support later. Due to the complexity of the permanent support process, slow speed, and high labor intensity, the permanent support seriously affected the efficiency of roadway excavation. To meet the current high energy consumption demand and efficient mining, it is of great significance to improve the overall excavation efficiency by temporarily supporting the surrounding rock before permanent support.

[0005] The traditional support device has the following defects:

[0006] 1. The existing roadway support mainly adopts anchor cable and anchor rod support, which has the characteristics of strong support ability, long duration, and stable surrounding rock support, but the support efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and it does not match the current rapid excavation rate;

[0007] 2. The previous temporary support of the roadway mainly adopts wood pile support and metal frame support, which has simple structure, weak support ability, and poor mobility, resulting in an increase in the unit cycle time of temporary support installation, disassembly, and relocation, and an increase in labor intensity;

[0008] 3. In the roadway, not only the stability of the surrounding rock needs to be maintained, but also there needs to be sufficient space for pedestrian passage and equipment transportation. In the existing temporary support scheme and support device, the device is large and the effective space is small, which is not conducive to the operation;

[0009] 4. During the excavation of the roadway, the integrity of the roof of the surrounding rock is destroyed. Due to the influence of geological conditions and mining, various convex, concave, broken surfaces, and soft surfaces are formed on the surface of the roof. The previous flat-roof roadway support device has a low effective contact area with the roof of the roadway, a large empty roof area, and cannot make effective support according to the changes in the terrain;

[0010] 5. In the process of tunneling machine, the newly excavated tunnel has poor stability, and the roof surrounding rock has loose rock mass which may fall and cause damage to the tunneling machine and the staff, reduce the service life of the equipment, and endanger the safety of life;

[0011] 6. The significance of the temporary support device is to support the surrounding rock of the tunnel for a limited time to ensure that the surrounding rock of the tunnel does not deform greatly before permanent support. In the existing temporary support equipment, some equipment is too small to effectively support the roof, and the equipment that can effectively support the roof is too large to facilitate the permanent support of the tunnel.

[0012] 7. Due to the influence of geological conditions and tunneling, the pressure of the surrounding rock roof is constantly changing, and the existing equipment cannot detect the pressure of the surrounding rock roof in real time. SUMMARY

[0013] The purpose of the present application is to provide a temporary support device for the roof of the surrounding rock in tunneling and a method for using the same to solve the defects of the existing support equipment.

[0014] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a temporary support device for the roof of the surrounding rock in tunneling, which comprises a roof beam frame, a plurality of support members are distributed on the top surface of the roof beam frame, and the roof of the tunnel is supported by the support members.

[0015] A plurality of bionic walking mechanisms are arranged on the bottom surface of the roof beam frame, and the temporary support device is driven to move in the tunnel by the bionic walking mechanisms.

[0016] The front end of the roof beam frame is rotatably connected to an auxiliary front beam, a plurality of support members are also distributed on the auxiliary front beam, and the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel is supported by the support members.

[0017] At least one W steel belt arrangement mechanism is arranged on the roof beam frame and the auxiliary front beam, respectively, and the W steel belt is arranged by the W steel belt arrangement mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of support members are arranged in groups on the top surface of the roof beam frame, and a plurality of groups of support members are arranged in groups.

[0019] Preferably, the support member comprises a top oil cylinder and a top head, a universal ball groove is fixed on the piston rod of the top oil cylinder, and a universal ball head adapted to the universal ball groove is fixed on the top head; the top oil cylinder of each support member is independently connected to an oil inlet pipe, and the independent hydraulic oil pipeline is used to realize the independent control of each support member.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of said bionic walking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of said roof beam frame, each of said bionic walking mechanisms comprising a transmission mechanism, a rotating base and a bionic leg assembly, said transmission mechanism being fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of said roof beam frame, one end of said rotating base being connected with said transmission mechanism, and the other end being connected with said bionic leg assembly, said rotating base and said bionic leg assembly being driven to rotate by said transmission mechanism.

[0021] Preferably, said bionic leg assembly comprises a floating oil cylinder and a leg column, said floating oil cylinder being rotatably connected with said rotating base via a pin shaft, and said oil cylinder handle being rotatably connected with said leg column via a pin shaft.

[0022] Preferably, a first push rod is further connected between said floating oil cylinder and said rotating base, one end of said first push rod being rotatably connected with said rotating base via a pin shaft, and the other end being rotatably connected with one end of the cylinder body of said floating oil cylinder which is away from said rotating base.

[0023] A second push rod is further connected between said floating oil cylinder and said leg column, one end of said second push rod being rotatably connected with one end of the cylinder body of said floating oil cylinder which is away from said rotating base, and the other end being rotatably connected with the end of said leg column.

[0024] Preferably, a disc base is connected with the end of said leg column which is away from said floating oil cylinder.

[0025] A buffer is connected between said leg column and said disc base.

[0026] A pressure gauge is installed on each of said leg columns to display the roof pressure state in real time.

[0027] Preferably, said W-steel belt arrangement mechanism comprises a belt stretching control mechanism, a belt storage groove and a W-steel belt arrangement groove, said belt storage groove being arranged perpendicularly to said roof beam frame, and said W-steel belt arrangement groove being arranged in parallel to said roof beam frame.

[0028] A through groove is formed in said roof beam frame at the position corresponding to said W-steel belt arrangement groove, so as to arrange the W-steel belt on the roof.

[0029] Preferably, said auxiliary front beam comprises a front probe plate, said front probe plate being rotatably connected with said roof beam frame via a hinge.

[0030] A telescopic jack is further connected between said front probe plate and said roof beam frame, said telescopic jack being fixedly arranged on said roof beam frame, and a telescopic rod being connected with said front probe plate, said front probe plate being pushed to rotate relative to said roof beam frame by the extension and contraction of said telescopic rod.

[0031] The application also provides a method for using the temporary roof support device in roadway excavation, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step (A): device movement;

[0033] Step (A1): first, the bionic walking mechanisms are sorted according to the left and right positions, and are sorted as left one bionic walking mechanism, left two bionic walking mechanism, left three bionic walking mechanism, left four bionic walking mechanism, and right one bionic walking mechanism, right two bionic walking mechanism, right three bionic walking mechanism, and right four bionic walking mechanism;

[0034] Step (A2): when moving, the left one bionic walking mechanism, the left three bionic walking mechanism, the right one bionic walking mechanism, and the right three bionic walking mechanism remain stationary, the left two bionic walking mechanism, the left four bionic walking mechanism, the right two bionic walking mechanism, and the right four bionic walking mechanism start to move forward, and the moving process comprises lifting, rotating, and landing in sequence;

[0035] Step (A3): lifting, the first pushing rod of the bionic walking mechanism is retracted, the floating oil cylinder is gradually lifted upward, and the floating oil cylinder and the second pushing rod start to be retracted, thereby dragging the oil cylinder handle and the supporting leg column connected therewith to be lifted upward;

[0036] Step (A4): rotation, after the disc base leaves the ground, the motor in the transmission mechanism starts to rotate, the rotating base rotates under the driving of the motor, so that the left two bionic walking mechanism, the left four bionic walking mechanism, the right two bionic walking mechanism, and the right four bionic walking mechanism move forward as a whole;

[0037] Step (A5): landing, the floating oil cylinder and the second pushing rod are extended outward, and the first pushing rod pushes the floating oil cylinder outward, so as to stably lower the supporting leg column downward; in the landing process, the pressure is buffered through the buffer, and the landing of the left two bionic walking mechanism, the left four bionic walking mechanism, the right two bionic walking mechanism, and the right four bionic walking mechanism is completed;

[0038] Step (A6): after the left two bionic walking mechanism, the left four bionic walking mechanism, the right two bionic walking mechanism, and the right four bionic walking mechanism complete the landing, they remain stationary; the left one bionic walking mechanism, the left three bionic walking mechanism, the right one bionic walking mechanism, and the right three bionic walking mechanism repeat the above movement steps to move forward;

[0039] Step (A7): when the above movement steps are completed, the temporary support device moves forward by one step, and the movement steps are repeated to realize the continuous forward movement of the temporary support device;

[0040] Step (B): temporary roof support;

[0041] Step (B1): the temporary support device is moved to the lower part of the roof of the roadway, and the roof is supported;

[0042] Step (B2): first, the top oil cylinder is injected with hydraulic oil through the oil inlet pipe, and under the action of the hydraulic oil, the piston rod of the top oil cylinder pushes the roof contact head to move upward

[0043] Step (B3): when the roof contact head contacts the protruding, recessed and broken roof, the roof contact head rotates or tilts around the universal ball groove under the action of the universal ball head, so that the top surface of the roof contact head can be in close contact with the roof, and after the roof contact head is in close contact with the roof, the piston rod of the top oil cylinder stops moving;

[0044] Step (B4): each support is injected with oil through an independent oil inlet pipe, and the hydraulic pressure in each support is ensured to be the same, so that the support force of each support on the roof is the same, and when all the supports are in contact with the roof and reach the set support force, the input of hydraulic oil to the oil inlet pipe is stopped, and the temporary support work is completed;

[0045] Step (C): W steel belt arrangement;

[0046] Step (C1): after the temporary support of the roof is completed, the W steel belt needs to be arranged on the roof; before the W steel belt arrangement mechanism operates, a specified number of W steel belts need to be prepared in advance and stored in the belt storage groove;

[0047] Step (C2): the support worker first performs the surrounding rock drilling, starts the W steel belt arrangement mechanism, operates the control belt telescopic mechanism to move a piece of W steel belt in the belt storage groove, and moves the W steel belt to the W steel belt arrangement groove;

[0048] Step (C3): the support worker adjusts the position of the W steel belt in the W steel belt arrangement groove, combines the W steel belt with the anchor rod, and installs it using the anchor rod drill;

[0049] Step (C4): repeat the above steps to complete the auxiliary arrangement of multiple W steel belts on the roof of the roadway;

[0050] Step (D): front roof support;

[0051] Step (D1): the temporary support device is moved to the upper part of the roadheader under the action of the bionic walking mechanism, protects the roadheader, and supports the front roof;

[0052] Step (D2): as the roadheader advances the surrounding rock in front, a roadway is formed, and the auxiliary front beam is opened;

[0053] Step (D3): the front probe plate is pushed up by the telescopic jack until the front probe plate is horizontal with the roof beam, and the telescopic jack stops moving;

[0054] Step (D4): At this time, the support on the front plate supports the front top plate by injecting hydraulic oil, and the W steel belt arrangement mechanism arranges the W steel belt on the front top plate;

[0055] Step (D5): Repeat the above steps, so that the temporary support device moves forward with the tunneling machine.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0057] 1. To realize the rapid support and movement of the temporary support device and ensure sufficient effective space in the roadway, the bionic walking mechanism of the device simulates the leg structure of a spider, refines the support components and improves the support capacity, thereby forming sufficient support space at the lower part of the support device;

[0058] 2. To enhance the support capacity of the temporary support device for different top plates such as convex, concave, broken and the like, the temporary support device increases the effective contact area between the support components and the top plate through unitized support assemblies, thereby improving the support capacity of the support components for different top plate shapes;

[0059] 3. To facilitate the subsequent permanent support work and reduce the interference of the temporary support on the permanent support work, a W steel belt arrangement mechanism is added to the temporary support device to assist the permanent support work, thereby improving the support efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of workers;

[0060] 4. To prevent unstable conditions in the newly excavated roadway from causing rockfall damage to the tunneling machine and reducing the service life of the tunneling machine, an auxiliary front beam is added in front of the temporary support device to support the newly excavated roadway and ensure the safety of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a first perspective of a temporary support device for the top part of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the present application;

[0062] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a second perspective of a temporary support device for the top part of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the present application;

[0063] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a third perspective of a temporary support device for the top part of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the present application;

[0064] Figure 4 is a top view of a temporary support device for the top part of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the present application;

[0065] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a support of a temporary support device for the top part of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the present application;

[0066] Figure 6It is a kind of bionic walking mechanism structure schematic diagram of temporary support equipment of roof of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the application;

[0067] Figure 7 It is a kind of bionic walking mechanism structure schematic diagram of temporary support equipment of roof of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the application;

[0068] Figure 8 It is a kind of bionic walking mechanism structure schematic diagram of temporary support equipment of roof of surrounding rock in roadway excavation provided by the application.

[0069] In the figure: 1, roof beam frame; 2, support; 3, bionic walking mechanism; 4, auxiliary front beam; 5, W steel belt arrangement mechanism; 201, top oil cylinder; 202, roof contact head; 203, universal ball groove; 204, universal ball head; 205, oil inlet pipe; 301, transmission mechanism; 302, rotary base; 303, bionic leg assembly; 3031, floating oil cylinder; 3032, leg column; 3033, oil cylinder handle; 3034, first push rod; 3035, second push rod; 3036, disc base; 3037, buffer; 3038, pressure gauge; 401, front probe plate; 402, link bearing; 403, telescopic jack; 501, belt control telescopic mechanism; 502, belt storage groove; 503, W steel belt arrangement groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the application will be more apparent according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are very simplified and all use non-precise proportions, only for the purpose of facilitating, clearly assisting the description of the embodiments of the application.

[0071] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more. In the description of the application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0072] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "linking" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal connection of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] Embodiment one

[0074] The present application provides a kind of temporary support equipment of surrounding rock top in roadway excavation, please refer to Figures 1-3 Including roof beam frame 1, multiple support pieces 2 are distributed on the top surface of the roof beam frame 1, and the roof of roadway is supported by the support piece 2;Multiple groups of bionic walking mechanisms 3 are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the roof beam frame 1, and the temporary support equipment is driven to travel in roadway by the bionic walking mechanism 3;Auxiliary front beam 4 is rotatably linked to the front end of the roof beam frame 1, and multiple support pieces 2 are also distributed on the auxiliary front beam 4, for supporting the surrounding rock in front of roadway;At least one group of W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5 is arranged on the roof beam frame 1 and the auxiliary front beam 4 respectively, and W steel belt is laid by the W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5.

[0075] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 Multiple support pieces 2 are arranged in groups on the top surface of the roof beam frame 1, and multiple groups of support pieces 2 are arranged at intervals with the W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the support piece 2 is divided into four groups, each group of support pieces 2 is composed of 3*13 evenly arranged support pieces 2, and the W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5 has three groups, which are arranged between adjacent two groups of support pieces 2.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 5The support 2 comprises a top oil cylinder 201 and a top head 202, a universal ball groove 203 is fixed on the piston rod of the top oil cylinder 201, and a universal ball head 204 adapted with the universal ball groove 203 is fixed on the top head 202; the top oil cylinder 201 of each support 2 is individually connected with an oil inlet pipe 205, and the independent control of each support 2 is realized through an independent hydraulic oil pipeline; during work, hydraulic oil is introduced into the top oil cylinder 201 through the oil inlet pipe 205, the piston rod drives the top head 202 to move towards the direction of the roof of the roadway, when the top head 202 contacts with different parts of the roof such as protrusions, depressions and fractures, the top head 202 and the universal ball head 204 rotate in the universal ball groove 203, so that the optimal support position of the top head 202 is found, and the optimal support force is provided.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 6 A plurality of groups of the bionic walking mechanisms 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roof beam frame 1, each group of the bionic walking mechanisms 3 comprises a transmission mechanism 301, a rotating base 302 and a bionic leg assembly 303, the transmission mechanism 301 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the roof beam frame 1, one end of the rotating base 302 is connected with the transmission mechanism 301, and the other end is connected with the bionic leg assembly 303, and the rotating base 302 and the bionic leg assembly 303 are driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism 301.

[0079] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism 301 is an electric motor, the main shaft of the electric motor is coaxially connected with the rotating base 302, so as to drive the rotating base 302 and the bionic leg assembly 303 to rotate.

[0080] Further, please refer to Figure 7 The bionic leg assembly 303 comprises a floating oil cylinder 3031 and a leg stand column 3032, the cylinder body of the floating oil cylinder 3031 is rotationally connected with the rotating base 302 through a pin shaft, and the oil cylinder handle 3033 is rotationally connected with the leg stand column 3032 through a pin shaft.

[0081] And, the floating oil cylinder 3031 is further connected with the rotating base 302 through a first pushing rod 3034, one end of the first pushing rod 3034 is rotatably connected with the rotating base 302 through a pin shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected with one end of the cylinder body of the floating oil cylinder 3031 away from the rotating base 302 through a pin shaft; the floating oil cylinder 3031 is further connected with the leg column 3032 through a second pushing rod 3035, one end of the second pushing rod 3035 is rotatably connected with one end of the cylinder body of the floating oil cylinder 3031 away from the rotating base 302 through a pin shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected with the end of the leg column 3032 through a pin shaft. Wherein, the first pushing rod 3034 and the second pushing rod 3035 are both hydraulic pushing rods, which are driven to extend or retract by hydraulic oil.

[0082] In some embodiments, one end of the leg column 3032 away from the floating oil cylinder 3031 is connected with a disc base 3036, the contact area between the temporary support device and the ground is increased through the disc base 3036, the pressure is reduced, and the stability of the support is improved; the leg column 3032 and the disc base 3036 are connected through a buffer 3037, when the disc base 3036 contacts with the ground, the buffer 3037 can play a buffering role. Wherein, the buffer 3037 can be a buffer spring or a buffer rubber pad, which can be flexibly buffered and protected when the temporary support device falls to the ground.

[0083] In some embodiments, a pressure gauge 3038 is installed on each of the leg columns 3032, the pressure state of the roof supported by the temporary support device can be displayed in real time through the pressure gauge 3038; the specific principle is as follows: after the temporary support device completes the support work, the pressure of the roof is transmitted to the bionic walking mechanism 3 through the support 2, at this time, the sensor of the pressure gauge 3038 is installed in the leg column 3032, the pressure received by the leg column 3032 is collected, the collected data is transmitted to the pressure gauge 3038 for noise reduction, processing, output, and finally the pressure state of the roof is displayed on the display of the pressure gauge 3038.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 8The W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5 comprises a belt control telescopic mechanism 501, a belt storage groove 502 and a W steel belt arrangement groove 503; the belt storage groove 502 is arranged vertically to the roof beam frame 1, the W steel belt arrangement groove 503 is connected to the belt storage groove 502 at one end and is arranged parallel to the roof beam frame 1; and a through groove is arranged at a position corresponding to the W steel belt arrangement groove 503 on the roof beam frame 1 to arrange the W steel belt on the roof; three groups of belt control telescopic mechanisms 501 are arranged at intervals for each group of W steel belt arrangement mechanisms 5 to prevent the W steel belt from tilting and falling into the W steel belt arrangement groove; when it is needed to move the W steel belt from the belt storage groove 502 to the W steel belt arrangement groove 503, the specific working principle of the belt control telescopic mechanism 501 is as follows: first, the belt control telescopic mechanism 501 moves outward as a whole by a small section, then two groups of belt control telescopic mechanisms 501 are raised, retracted and lowered to independently take out a piece of W steel belt from the outermost side, the third group of belt control telescopic mechanisms 501 releases the independent piece of W steel belt to slide into the W steel belt arrangement groove 503.

[0085] In the embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to Figure 8 The auxiliary front beam 4 comprises a front probe plate 401, which is rotationally connected to the roof beam frame 1 through a hinge 402; and a telescopic jack 403 is further connected between the front probe plate 401 and the roof beam frame 1, the telescopic jack 403 is fixedly arranged on the roof beam frame 1, a telescopic rod is connected to the front probe plate 401, and the front probe plate 401 is rotated relative to the roof beam frame 1 by the telescopic rod.

[0086] Embodiment two

[0087] The present application also provides a use method of the temporary support equipment for the roof of surrounding rock in the tunnel excavation, please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown in the figure, the method comprises the following steps:

[0088] Step (A): equipment movement;

[0089] Step (A1): first, the bionic walking mechanisms 3 are sorted according to the left and right positions, and are sorted as a left first bionic walking mechanism, a left second bionic walking mechanism, a left third bionic walking mechanism, a left fourth bionic walking mechanism, a right first bionic walking mechanism, a right second bionic walking mechanism, a right third bionic walking mechanism and a right fourth bionic walking mechanism;

[0090] Step (A2): when moving, the left first bionic walking mechanism, the left third bionic walking mechanism, the right first bionic walking mechanism and the right third bionic walking mechanism remain stationary, the left second bionic walking mechanism, the left fourth bionic walking mechanism, the right second bionic walking mechanism and the right fourth bionic walking mechanism start to move forward, and the moving process comprises lifting, rotating and landing in sequence;

[0091] Step (A3): lifting, the first push rod 3034 of the bionic walking mechanism 3 is retracted back, the floating oil cylinder 3031 is gradually lifted up, and the floating oil cylinder 3031 and the second push rod 3035 begin to retract back, the oil cylinder handle 3033 and the leg column 3032 connected with the second push rod 3035 are pulled up, and the angle between the column 407 and the ground is maintained unchanged during the lifting process, so that the width of the bottom space is ensured;

[0092] Step (A4): rotation, after the disc base 3036 leaves the ground, the motor in the transmission mechanism 301 starts to rotate, the rotating base 302 rotates under the driving of the motor, so that the left two bionic walking mechanisms, the left four bionic walking mechanisms, the right two bionic walking mechanisms and the right four bionic walking mechanisms move forward as a whole;

[0093] Step (A5): landing, the floating oil cylinder 3031 and the second push rod 3035 extend outward, and the first push rod 3034 pushes the floating oil cylinder 3031 outward, so that the leg column 3032 is stably landed downward; during the landing process, the pressure is buffered by the buffer 3037, and the landing of the left two bionic walking mechanisms, the left four bionic walking mechanisms, the right two bionic walking mechanisms and the right four bionic walking mechanisms is completed;

[0094] Step (A6): after the left two bionic walking mechanisms, the left four bionic walking mechanisms, the right two bionic walking mechanisms and the right four bionic walking mechanisms complete landing, they remain stationary; the left one bionic walking mechanism, the left three bionic walking mechanism, the right one bionic walking mechanism and the right three bionic walking mechanism repeat the above movement steps to move forward;

[0095] Step (A7): when the above movement steps are completed, the temporary support device moves one step forward, and the movement steps are repeated to realize the continuous forward movement of the temporary support device;

[0096] Step (B): temporary support of the roof;

[0097] Step (B1): moving the temporary support device to the lower part of the roof in the tunnel to support the roof;

[0098] Step (B2): first, the top oil cylinder 201 is injected with hydraulic oil through the oil inlet pipe 205, and under the action of the hydraulic oil, the piston rod of the top oil cylinder 201 pushes the roof contacting head 202 to move upward

[0099] Step (B3): when the roof contacting head 202 contacts the convex, concave and broken roof, the roof contacting head 202 rotates or tilts around the universal ball groove 203 under the action of the universal ball head 204, so that the top surface of the roof contacting head 202 can be in close contact with the roof, and the piston rod of the top oil cylinder 201 stops moving after the roof contacting head 202 is in close contact with the roof;

[0100] Step (B4): Each support 2 is supplied with oil through an independent oil inlet pipe 205, and the hydraulic pressure in each support 2 is ensured to be the same, so that the support force of each support 2 on the roof is the same. When all the supports 2 are in contact with the roof and reach the set support force, the input of hydraulic oil to the oil inlet pipe 205 is stopped, and the temporary support work is completed. When the height of the roadway roof is low, the support 2 that first contacts the roadway roof stops moving. When the height of the roadway roof is high, the support assembly 1 that does not contact the roadway roof continues to move until it finally contacts the roadway roof. However, the hydraulic pressure in each support 2 is the same, so that the support force of each support 2 on the roof is the same, thereby ensuring the stability of the temporary support of the roof by the temporary support device;

[0101] Step (C): W steel belt arrangement;

[0102] Step (C1): After the temporary support of the roof is completed, W steel belts need to be arranged on the roof. Before the W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5 operates, a specified number of W steel belts need to be prepared in advance and stored in the belt storage groove 502. The W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5 is installed in the temporary support device according to 1*3 groups, three sets per group. The space between each group of W steel belt arrangement mechanisms 5 is empty, which provides a protection space for the support workers to complete the support work and install the W steel belts in the lower part of the temporary support device;

[0103] Step (C2): The support worker first performs surrounding rock drilling, starts the W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5, and operates the control belt telescopic mechanism 501 to move a piece of W steel belt in the belt storage groove 502 to the W steel belt arrangement groove 503;

[0104] Step (C3): The support worker adjusts the position of the W steel belt in the W steel belt arrangement groove 503, combines the W steel belt with the anchor rod, and installs it using the anchor rod drill;

[0105] Step (C4): Repeat the above steps to complete the auxiliary arrangement of multiple W steel belts on the roadway roof;

[0106] Step (D): Front roof support;

[0107] Step (D1): The temporary support device is moved to the upper part of the roadheader under the driving of the bionic walking mechanism 3 to protect the roadheader and support the front roof;

[0108] Step (D2): After the roadway is formed by the roadheader advancing the surrounding rock in front, the auxiliary front beam (4) is opened;

[0109] Step (D3): The front probe plate 401 is lifted by the telescopic jack 403 until the front probe plate 401 is horizontal with the roof beam frame (1), and the telescopic jack 403 stops moving;

[0110] Step (D4): At this time, the support 2 on the front plate 401 supports the front roof by injecting hydraulic oil, and the W steel belt arrangement mechanism 5 arranges the W steel belt on the front roof, ensuring the stability of the front roof and realizing the forward support of the roadheader;

[0111] Step (D5): Repeat the above steps, so that the temporary support device moves forward with the roadheader.

[0112] The temporary support device has the following advantages: 1. To realize the rapid support and movement of the temporary support device and ensure sufficient effective space in the roadway, the bionic walking mechanism of the device simulates the leg structure of a spider, refines the support parts, and improves the support capacity, forming enough support space at the lower part of the support device;

[0113] 2. To enhance the support capacity of the temporary support device for different roof shapes such as convex, concave, and broken, the temporary support device increases the effective contact area between the support parts and the roof through unitized support assemblies, improving the support capacity of the support parts for different roof shapes;

[0114] 3. To facilitate the development of later permanent support work and reduce the interference of temporary support on permanent support work, the W steel belt arrangement mechanism is added to the temporary support device to assist the permanent support work, improve the support efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of workers;

[0115] 4. To prevent unstable conditions in newly excavated roadways from causing rockfall damage to the roadheader and reducing the service life of the roadheader, an auxiliary front beam is added in front of the temporary support device to support the newly excavated roadway and ensure the safety of the device.

[0116] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not any limitation on the scope of the present application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for using temporary support equipment for the top of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation, wherein, The support equipment includes a top beam frame (1), on which multiple support members (2) are distributed, supporting the roof of the roadway; multiple sets of bionic walking mechanisms (3) are spaced apart on the bottom surface of the top beam frame (1), driving the temporary support equipment to move within the roadway; multiple sets of bionic walking mechanisms (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top beam frame (1), and each set of bionic walking mechanisms (3) includes a transmission mechanism (301) and a rotating base (302). The structure includes a top beam frame (1) and a bionic support leg assembly (303). The transmission mechanism (301) is fixed to the bottom surface of the top beam frame (1). One end of the rotating base (302) is connected to the transmission mechanism (301), and the other end is connected to the bionic support leg assembly (303). The transmission mechanism (301) drives the rotating base (302) and the bionic support leg assembly (303) to rotate. The bionic support leg assembly (303) includes a floating cylinder (3031) and a support leg column (3032). The cylinder body of 031) is rotatably connected to the rotating base (302) via a pin, and the cylinder handle (3033) is rotatably connected to the support column (3032) via a pin; the front end of the top beam frame (1) is rotatably connected to an auxiliary front beam (4), and multiple support members (2) are also distributed on the auxiliary front beam (4) to support the surrounding rock in front of the roadway; at least one set of W steel strip arrangement mechanism (5) is respectively provided on the top beam frame (1) and the auxiliary front beam (4), and the W steel strip arrangement mechanism (5) is used to... The W-shaped steel strip is laid out; the W-shaped steel strip laying mechanism (5) includes a belt telescopic control mechanism (501), a belt storage trough (502), and a W-shaped steel strip laying trough (503); the belt storage trough (502) is set perpendicular to the top beam frame (1), and one end of the W-shaped steel strip laying trough (503) is connected to the belt storage trough (502) and set parallel to the top beam frame (1); a through groove is opened on the top beam frame (1) at the position corresponding to the W-shaped steel strip laying trough (503) for the laying of the W-shaped steel strip on the top plate; characterized in that it includes the following steps: Step (A): Equipment movement; Step (A1): First, arrange the bionic walking mechanism (3) according to its left and right positions as left-first bionic walking mechanism, left-second bionic walking mechanism, left-third bionic walking mechanism, left-fourth bionic walking mechanism and right-first bionic walking mechanism, right-second bionic walking mechanism, right-third bionic walking mechanism, right-fourth bionic walking mechanism. Step (A2): During the movement, the first left bionic walking mechanism, the third left bionic walking mechanism, the first right bionic walking mechanism, and the third right bionic walking mechanism remain stationary, while the second left bionic walking mechanism, the fourth left bionic walking mechanism, the second right bionic walking mechanism, and the fourth right bionic walking mechanism begin to move forward. The movement process includes lifting, rotating, and lowering in sequence. Step (A3): Lifting, the first push rod (3034) of the bionic walking mechanism (3) retracts back, driving the floating cylinder (3031) to gradually rise. At the same time, the floating cylinder (3031) and the second push rod (3035) begin to retract back, pulling the cylinder handle (3033) and the support column (3032) connected to it to lift upward. Step (A4): Rotation. After the disc base (3036) leaves the ground, the motor in the transmission mechanism (301) starts to rotate. The rotating base (302) rotates under the drive of the motor, so that the left second bionic walking mechanism, the left fourth bionic walking mechanism, the right second bionic walking mechanism and the right fourth bionic walking mechanism move forward as a whole. Step (A5): Descending, the floating cylinder (3031) and the second push rod (3035) extend outward, while the first push rod (3034) pushes the floating cylinder (3031) outward, thereby smoothly lowering the outrigger column (3032); during the descent, the pressure is buffered by the buffer (3037), completing the descent of the left second bionic walking mechanism, the left fourth bionic walking mechanism, the right second bionic walking mechanism and the right fourth bionic walking mechanism; Step (A6): After the second left bionic walking mechanism, the fourth left bionic walking mechanism, the second right bionic walking mechanism, and the fourth right bionic walking mechanism have completed their landing, they remain stationary; the first left bionic walking mechanism, the third left bionic walking mechanism, the first right bionic walking mechanism, and the third right bionic walking mechanism repeat the above movement steps and move forward. Step (A7): Once the above movement steps are completed, the temporary support device moves forward one step, and the movement steps are repeated to make the temporary support device move forward continuously; Step (B): Temporary support for the roof slab; Step (B1): Move the temporary support equipment to the area below the roof of the roadway and carry out roof support work; Step (B2): First, hydraulic oil is injected into the top cylinder (201) through the oil inlet pipe (205). Under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, the piston rod of the top cylinder (201) pushes the mandrel (202) upward. Step (B3): When the top end (202) contacts the protruding, recessed, or broken top plate, the top end (202) rotates or tilts around the universal ball groove (203) under the action of the universal ball head (204), so that the top surface of the top end (202) can fit and contact the top plate until the top end (202) is in close contact with the top plate, and then the piston rod of the top cylinder (201) stops moving. Step (B4): Each support member (2) is supplied with oil through an independent oil inlet pipe (205), and the hydraulic pressure in each support member (2) is the same, so that the supporting force of each support member (2) on the top plate is the same. When all the support members (2) are in contact with the top plate and reach the set supporting force, the hydraulic oil is stopped from being supplied to the oil inlet pipe (205), and the temporary support work is completed. Step (C): Arrange the W steel strip; Step (C1): After the temporary support of the roof is completed, W steel strips need to be laid on the roof; before the W steel strip laying mechanism (5) is operated, a specified number of W steel strips need to be prepared in advance and stored in the storage tank (502); Step (C2): The support workers first drill holes in the surrounding rock, start the W steel strip arrangement mechanism (5), run the control belt telescopic mechanism (501) to move a W steel strip in the storage groove (502), and move the W steel strip into the W steel strip arrangement groove (503); Step (C3): The support worker adjusts the position of the W steel strip in the W steel strip arrangement groove (503), combines the W steel strip with the anchor bolt, and installs it using an anchor bolt drilling machine; Step (C4): Repeat the above steps to complete the auxiliary arrangement of multiple W-shaped steel strips on the roof of the roadway; Step (D): Front roof support; Step (D1): The temporary support equipment moves to the top of the tunneling machine under the drive of the bionic walking mechanism (3), protects the tunneling machine, and supports the front roof plate; Step (D2): After the tunneling machine excavates the surrounding rock in front and forms a tunnel, the auxiliary front beam (4) is opened. Step (D3): The telescopic jack (403) pushes the front probe plate (401) up until the front probe plate (401) is horizontal with the top beam frame (1), then the telescopic jack (403) stops moving; Step (D4): At this time, the support member (2) on the front probe plate (401) supports the front top plate by injecting hydraulic oil, and at the same time, the W steel strip arrangement mechanism (5) arranges the W steel strip on the front top plate; Step (D5): Repeat the above steps to move the temporary support equipment forward together with the tunneling machine.

2. The method of using a temporary support device for the top of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple support members (2) are arranged in groups on the top surface of the top beam frame (1), and multiple groups of support members (2) are arranged at intervals with the W steel strip arrangement mechanism (5).

3. The method of using a temporary support device for the top of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The support member (2) includes a top cylinder (201) and a connecting head (202). A universal ball groove (203) is fixed on the piston rod of the top cylinder (201), and a universal ball head (204) adapted to the universal ball groove (203) is fixed on the connecting head (202). Each top cylinder (201) of the support member (2) is individually connected to an oil inlet pipe (205), and each support member (2) is individually controlled through an independent hydraulic oil pipeline.

4. The method of using a temporary support device for the top of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first push rod (3034) is also connected between the floating cylinder (3031) and the rotating base (302). One end of the first push rod (3034) is rotatably connected to the rotating base (302) via a pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the end of the floating cylinder (3031) away from the rotating base (302) via a pin. A second push rod (3035) is also connected between the floating cylinder (3031) and the support column (3032). One end of the second push rod (3035) is rotatably connected to the end of the floating cylinder (3031) away from the rotating base (302) by a pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the end of the support column (3032) by a pin.

5. The method of using a temporary support device for the top of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The support column (3032) is connected to a disc base (3036) at the end away from the floating cylinder (3031); the support column (3032) and the disc base (3036) are connected by a buffer (3037); A pressure gauge (3038) is installed on each of the support columns (3032) to display the pressure status of the roof plate that the temporary support equipment is subjected to in real time.

6. The method of using a temporary support device for the top of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary front beam (4) includes a front probe plate (401), which is rotatably connected to the top beam frame (1) via a hinge (402); Furthermore, a telescopic jack (403) is connected between the front probe plate (401) and the top beam frame (1). The telescopic jack (403) is fixed on the top beam frame (1), and the telescopic rod is connected to the front probe plate (401). Through the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod, the front probe plate (401) is pushed to rotate relative to the top beam frame (1).

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