A three-directional stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-way stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine, which relates to the field of stiffness testing experimental equipment. It solves the problem that the existing testing machines can only perform single stiffness testing of vibration isolation elements, meets the market demand, and further liberates the labor force. The testing device includes a workbench, a vibration isolation element clamping mechanism fixed on the workbench, an upper cover plate connected to the upper working cylinder fixture of the testing machine, and a vertical action mechanism and a horizontal action mechanism connected under the upper cover plate; the vertical action mechanism includes a vertically movable vertical pressure plate connected under the upper cover plate; there are two horizontal action mechanisms; the horizontal action mechanism includes a support frame, a lead screw groove, a vertical slider, a horizontal slider, a link reversing mechanism, and a transverse pressure head. It can simultaneously test the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical stiffness of vibration isolation elements without changing the overall clamping, and has the advantages of convenient installation, simple operation, and high versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of stiffness test experimental equipment, and more specifically to a three-directional stiffness test device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the application of gas turbine generator sets in the ship integrated electric propulsion system, the vibration isolation elements of the isolation system play an important role in protecting the gas turbine generator sets. To better design the isolation elements and master their characteristics, it is urgent to carry out the three-directional stiffness test of the vibration isolation elements of the isolation system.

[0003] Common hydraulic servo fatigue testing machines and electronic universal testing machines are both uniaxial axial loading, which increases the difficulty of testing the transverse and longitudinal stiffness of vibration isolation elements. Generally, the test piece is placed horizontally to change the loading direction. To ensure the centering of the test, two identical vibration isolation elements are connected by a connecting block, and the stiffness values of the two vibration isolation elements are calculated through test data to estimate the stiffness of a single vibration isolation element. This makes there be a certain error between the actual stiffness and the test stiffness of the vibration isolation element; moreover, when the test piece is heavy, turning over the test piece requires a large amount of human resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems, the present invention provides a three-directional stiffness test device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine. Taking the three-directional stiffness test of the vibration isolation element as the main design purpose and using the connecting rod slider mechanism as a link, it can be applied to a uniaxial loading testing machine such as a hydraulic servo fatigue testing machine or an electronic universal testing machine with uniaxial axial loading, solves the problem that the existing testing machines can only perform single stiffness test of the vibration isolation element, meets the market demand, and further liberates the labor force.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the test device includes a workbench 13, a vibration isolation element clamping mechanism fixed on the workbench 13, an upper cover plate 2 connected to the upper actuator cylinder fixture 1 of the testing machine, and a vertical action mechanism and a horizontal action mechanism connected under the upper cover plate 2;

[0006] The testing machine is usually a electro-hydraulic servo fatigue testing machine, and the loading method is uniaxial axial loading, which can generate a linear power source.

[0007] The vertical action mechanism includes a vertically movable vertical pressure plate 20 connected under the upper cover plate 2, and the vertical pressure plate 20 is located above the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism;

[0008] There are two horizontal actuating mechanisms, and the two horizontal actuating mechanisms are located on both sides of the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism; the horizontal actuating mechanism includes a support frame 9, a lead screw groove 5, a vertical slider 4, a horizontal slider 8, a connecting rod reversing mechanism, and a transverse pressure head 10. The support frame 9 is connected to the workbench 13. The lead screw groove 5 is connected to the support frame 9 in a liftable manner. The vertical slider 4 is detachably connected to the upper cover plate 2. The horizontal slider 8 is slidably connected to the side arm of the lead screw groove 5. The connecting rod reversing mechanism connected between the vertical slider 4 and the horizontal slider 8 converts the lifting motion of the vertical slider 4 into the reciprocating sliding of the horizontal slider 8, and the transverse pressure head 10 is installed on the horizontal slider 8.

[0009] Regarding the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism

[0010] The vibration isolation element clamping mechanism includes a vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11 and a vibration isolation element upper cover plate 16;

[0011] The vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11 is installed on the workbench 13, and the vibration isolation element 12 is fixedly installed on the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11. The vibration isolation element upper cover plate 16 is installed above the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11 and presses the vibration isolation element 12. Thus, in the subsequent process, the three-way stiffness test is carried out by applying vertical, transverse or longitudinal forces to the vibration isolation element upper cover plate 16, and the overall preload of the vibration isolation element can be adjusted by changing the distance between the upper and lower cover plates.

[0012] Regarding the specific installation structure of the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism

[0013] Specifically, the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11 is installed on the connecting shaft at the upper part of the workbench 13, and the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11 is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft installed on the workbench 13. A workbench radial locking nut 23 threadedly connected thereto is also provided on the connecting shaft of the workbench 13; in this way, when the workbench radial locking nut 23 fits against the bottom surface of the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11, it can be used to lock the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11.

[0014] A coaxial vibration isolation element positioning hole is provided on the metal plate on the lower surface of the vibration isolation element 12 and on the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11. A vibration isolation element lower cover plate connecting bolt 24 is inserted into the vibration isolation element positioning hole, and a vibration isolation element lower cover plate connecting nut 25 threadedly connected thereto is provided on the vibration isolation element lower cover plate connecting bolt 24. Thus, the vibration isolation element 12 is fixedly installed on the vibration isolation element lower cover plate 11 through the vibration isolation element lower cover plate connecting bolt 24 and the vibration isolation element lower cover plate connecting nut 25;

[0015] On the upper cover plate 16 of the vibration isolation element and the lower cover plate 11 of the vibration isolation element, coaxial cover plate positioning holes are provided. A pre-tightening bolt 14 is inserted into the cover plate positioning holes, and a pre-tightening nut 15 threadedly connected to the pre-tightening bolt 14 is arranged on the pre-tightening bolt 14. Thus, the upper cover plate 16 of the vibration isolation element is installed above the lower cover plate 11 of the vibration isolation element through the pre-tightening bolt 14 and the pre-tightening nut 15, and the vibration isolation element 12 is pressed.

[0016] Liftable connection of the vertical actuating mechanism

[0017] The connecting shaft of the upper actuating cylinder clamp 1 penetrates through the upper cover plate 2 and is threadedly connected to the upper cover plate 2. The vertical pressing plate 20 includes a vertical sleeve and a pressing plate body. The vertical sleeve is sleeved on the bottom end of the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1 and is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1. The pressing plate body is horizontally arranged and is integrally connected to the bottom end of the vertical sleeve. Thus, the initial height and the initial direction of the pressing plate body relative to the upper cover plate 2 are adjustable. When the initial height of the pressing plate body is close to the target to be measured, the vertical stiffness test can be carried out during the up and down movement of the pressing plate body along with the upper cover plate 2;

[0018] When the initial height of the pressing plate body is much higher than the target to be measured, it is possible to avoid the adverse influence caused by the alignment of the vertical pressing plate during the transverse and longitudinal stiffness tests.

[0019] An upper clamp radial locking nut 21 threadedly connected to the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1 is further arranged on the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1. The upper clamp radial locking nut 21 is located between the upper cover plate 2 and the vertical pressing plate 20. In this way, when the upper clamp radial locking nut 21 fits against the top surface of the vertical sleeve, it can be used to lock the vertical sleeve.

[0020] Liftable connection of the lead screw groove

[0021] The upper part of the support frame 9 has a connecting shaft, and the lead screw groove 5 is sleeved on the top end of the connecting shaft of the support frame 9; thus, the initial height and the initial orientation of the lead screw groove 5 relative to the workbench are adjustable, making it easier for the transverse indenter to align with the height where the target to be measured is located;

[0022] During the vertical stiffness test, the orientation of the lead screw groove 5 can be changed to make it away from the target to be measured, avoiding the interference of the horizontal actuating mechanism on the vertical stiffness test. During the transverse and longitudinal stiffness tests, the orientation of the lead screw groove 5 can also be changed so that the transverse indenter is arranged towards the target to be measured.

[0023] When the support frame radial locking nut 26 fits against the bottom surface of the lead screw groove 5, it can be used to lock the lead screw groove 5.

[0024] A support frame radial locking nut 26 threadedly connected to the connecting shaft of the support frame 9 is further arranged on the connecting shaft of the support frame 9. The support frame radial locking nut 26 abuts against the lower part of the lead screw groove 5.

[0025] Regarding the connecting rod reversing mechanism

[0026] A vertically arranged vertical guide groove 501 is provided at the upper part of the lead guide groove 5, and a horizontally arranged horizontal guide groove 502 is provided on the side arm of the lead guide groove 5. The vertical slider 4 is slidably connected in the vertical guide groove 501, and the horizontal slider 8 is slidably connected in the horizontal guide groove 502; thereby restricting the linear lifting movement of the vertical slider 4 and the horizontal reciprocating sliding of the horizontal slider 8;

[0027] The connecting rod reversing mechanism includes a short connecting rod 6 and a long connecting rod 7. The two ends of the long connecting rod 7 are respectively hinged to the vertical slider 4 and the horizontal slider 8. One end of the short connecting rod 6 is hinged to the middle of the long connecting rod 7, and the other end is hinged to the surface of the lead guide groove 5. In this way, while the vertical guide groove 501 moves up and down with the upper cover plate 2, through the transmission and reversing of the connecting rod reversing mechanism, it drives the horizontal slider 8 to perform horizontal reciprocating sliding synchronously, and then drives the transverse indenter to perform a transverse stiffness test. And for the re-test after rotating the test target by 90°, the longitudinal stiffness test can also be realized.

[0028] Regarding the initial transverse position of the transverse indenter

[0029] Sliding grooves are provided on the surface of the workbench 13 on both sides of the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism. The support frame 9 is slidably connected to the sliding grooves, and a sliding groove locking handle 17 is provided at the bottom of the support frame 9. The sliding groove locking handle 17 passes through the support frame 9 and abuts against the sliding groove, and the sliding groove locking handle 17 is threadedly connected to the support frame 9; thereby limiting and locking the support frame when the sliding groove locking handle 17 is tightened, and unlocking when it is loosened;

[0030] On both sides of the upper cover plate 2, upper cover plate sliding grooves 202 parallel to the sliding grooves are provided. The upper part of the vertical slider 4 has a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft of the vertical slider 4 passes through the upper cover plate sliding groove 202, and a locking nut 3 and a vertical slider connecting shaft locking nut 22 threadedly connected to it are provided on the connecting shaft of the vertical slider 4. The locking nut 3 and the vertical slider connecting shaft locking nut 22 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper cover plate 2. In this way, when the locking nut 3 and the vertical slider connecting shaft locking nut 22 are tightly attached to the upper and lower sides of the upper cover plate 2, the vertical slider can be locked. When the locking nut 3 and the vertical slider connecting shaft locking nut 22 are away from the upper cover plate 2, it can be unlocked, so that the horizontal motion mechanism can be integrally translated on the workbench 13, thereby changing the initial transverse position of the transverse indenter.

[0031] A vertical slider connecting shaft protrusion 401 is also fixedly connected to the connecting shaft of the vertical slider 4. A plurality of holes are evenly formed in the upper cover plate chute 202. The holes on the upper cover plate chute 202 cooperate with the vertical slider connecting shaft protrusion 401. During the horizontal and vertical tests, the protrusion of the vertical slider is completely attached to the hole wall; during the vertical test, the protrusion of the vertical slider is separated from the hole wall. It is possible to determine whether the steering is 90° by whether the protrusion of the connecting shaft is completely attached to the hole diameter, and to limit the vertical slider to a certain extent.

[0032] Regarding the installation of the horizontal indenter

[0033] The horizontal indenter 10 is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft on the side of the horizontal slider 8, and a wedge-locking washer 19 and a horizontal indenter locking nut 18 are sleeved on the connecting shaft of the horizontal slider 8. The wedge-locking washer 19 is locked by the horizontal indenter locking nut 18. The radial sawteeth on the outer surface of the wedge-locking washer 19 bite with the workpiece surface it contacts and are locked by the nut 18. In this way, when the horizontal indenter encounters dynamic loads, displacement can only occur on the inner surface of the washer 19, ensuring the axial accuracy of the system.

[0034] In addition, a force sensor is installed on the workbench to detect the force received by the vibration isolation element in real time. A displacement sensor is installed on the actuator cylinder to detect the vertical displacement of the actuator cylinder in real time. During the vertical test, the vertical displacement received by the vibration isolation element can be directly obtained; during the horizontal and vertical tests, the horizontal and vertical displacements received by the vibration isolation element can be calculated through the functional relationship between the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement of the connecting rod slider mechanism.

[0035] Compared with the existing three-way stiffness test device for vibration isolation elements, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The three-way stiffness test device for vibration isolation elements of the present invention can convert the vertical movement of the actuator cylinder into the horizontal movement of the horizontal indenter through the connecting rod commutation mechanism, and can simultaneously test the horizontal, vertical and vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation element without changing the overall clamping, and has the advantages of convenient installation, simple operation and high versatility. It is suitable to be used as a three-way stiffness test device and installation method for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal and vertical stiffness test of the present invention

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical stiffness test structure of the present invention

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lead screw groove structure of the present invention

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the vibration isolation element installation structure of the present invention

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the upper cover plate structure of the present invention

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the vertical slider structure of the present invention

[0042] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connecting rod slider mechanism structure of the present invention

[0043] Figure 8 Equivalent motion schematic diagram of the connecting rod slider mechanism of the present invention

[0044] In the figure: 1 - Actuating cylinder fixture; 2 - Upper cover plate; 3 - Locking nut; 4 - Vertical slider; 5 - Lead groove; 6 - Short connecting rod; 7 - Long connecting rod; 8 - Horizontal slider; 9 - Support frame; 10 - Transverse pressure head; 11 - Lower cover plate of vibration isolation element; 12 - Vibration isolation element; 13 - Workbench; 14 - Pre-tightening bolt; 15 - Pre-tightening nut; 16 - Upper cover plate of vibration isolation element; 17 - Slideway locking handle; 18 - Transverse pressure head locking nut; 19 - Wedge-in locking washer; 20 - Vertical pressure plate; 21 - Radial locking nut for upper fixture; 22 - Locking nut for vertical slider connecting shaft; 23 - Radial locking nut for workbench; 24 - Connecting bolt for lower cover plate of vibration isolation element; 25 - Connecting nut for lower cover plate of vibration isolation element; 26 - Radial locking nut for support frame; 501 - Vertical guide groove; 502 - Horizontal guide groove; 201 - Threaded through hole for upper pressure plate; 202 - Slide groove of upper cover plate; 401 - Protrusion of vertical slider connecting shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this patent, the following will elaborate on this patent in detail through specific implementation manners and in conjunction with its accompanying drawings.

[0046] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, a vibration isolation element three-way stiffness testing device applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine includes a vibration isolation element clamping mechanism fixed on the workbench 13; an upper cover plate 2 connected to the actuating cylinder fixture 1 on the testing machine, a vertical pressure plate 20 connected to the upper cover plate 2, and a connecting rod slider mechanism that converts the vertical movement of the upper cover plate 2 into the horizontal movement of the transverse pressure head 10.

[0047] Among them, the vibration isolation element 12 is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate 11 of the vibration isolation element. The vibration isolation element 12 is connected to the upper and lower connecting plates through the pre-tightening bolt 14, and the entire vibration isolation element 12 is clamped on the workbench 13. The actuating cylinder fixture 1 is successively connected to the upper cover plate 2 and the vertical pressure plate 20. The connecting shaft of the upper cover plate 2 and the vertical slider 4 is connected through the locking nut 3 and the locking nut 22 for the vertical slider connecting shaft. Moreover, the upper cover plate 2 has a set of symmetric slide grooves 202 in the transverse direction, which can adjust the distance between the two vertical sliders. Furthermore, the initial position of the transverse pressure head 10 can be adjusted according to the sizes of different vibration isolation elements 12.

[0048] The short connecting rod 6, the long connecting rod 7, the vertical slider 4 and the horizontal slider 8 are connected through the lead screw groove 5 to form a connecting rod slider mechanism. As Figure 7 shown, the connecting shaft of the transverse indenter 10 and the horizontal slider 8 is connected through a wedge-locked and anti-loosening double stack washer 19. The lead screw groove 5 is sleeved on the connecting shaft of the support frame 9, and a radially locking nut 26 of the support frame is also provided on the connecting shaft of the support frame 9 and is threadedly connected thereto. The radially locking nut 26 of the support frame abuts against the bottom surface of the lead screw groove 5.

[0049] Specifically, the external thread of the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1 is matched with the threaded hole of the upper cover plate 2, and the actuating cylinder clamp 1 is threadedly connected to the upper cover plate 2. There are symmetric sliding grooves 202 on the upper cover plate 2 in the transverse direction. The aperture of the hole on the sliding groove 202 is matched with the protrusion 401 of the connecting shaft of the vertical slider. During the horizontal and vertical tests, the hole surface is completely in contact with the protrusion of the vertical slider; during the vertical test, the hole surface is separated from the protrusion of the vertical slider. The connecting shaft of the vertical slider 4 passes through the sliding groove of the upper cover plate 2 and is threadedly connected to the upper nut 3 and the lower nut 22 located on the upper and lower sides of the upper cover plate 2 respectively, realizing the assembly of the vertical slider 4 and the upper cover plate 2. The vertical pressing plate 20 includes a vertical sleeve and a pressing plate body. The vertical sleeve is sleeved on the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1 and is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1. The pressing plate body is horizontally arranged and is integrally connected to the bottom end of the vertical sleeve, and the pressing plate body is placed below the upper cover plate 2. An upper clamp radial locking nut 21 is also installed on the connecting shaft of the actuating cylinder clamp 1. By adjusting the upper clamp radial locking nut 21, the vertical distance between the vertical pressing plate 20 and the upper pressing plate 16 of the vibration isolation element can be changed and the direction of the vertical pressing plate can be adjusted.

[0050] One end of the short connecting rod 6 in the connecting rod reversing mechanism is rotatably connected to the lead screw groove 5, and the other end is connected to the long connecting rod 7 through a rotating pin. Both ends of the long connecting rod 7 are respectively connected to the vertical slider 4 and the horizontal slider 8 through rotating pins. The vertical movement of the vertical slider 4 is converted into the horizontal movement of the horizontal slider 8 through the connecting rod reversing mechanism. The lead screw groove 5 is provided with a vertical guide groove 501 and a horizontal guide groove 502 that are perpendicular to each other. The side surface of the vertical slider 4 can slide along the vertical guide groove 501 of the lead screw groove, and the side surface of the horizontal slider 8 can slide along the horizontal guide groove 502 of the lead screw groove. The lead screw groove 5 can be sleeved on the connecting shaft of the support frame 9, and the hole of the lead screw groove is matched with the connecting shaft. After the height and direction of the lead screw groove are adjusted, they can be fixed by the frictional force between the radially locking nut 26 of the support frame and its bottom surface.

[0051] As Figure 7As shown, the transverse indenter 10 is threadedly connected to the horizontal slider 8. The radial sawteeth on the outer surface of the wedge-locking washer 19 engage with the workpiece surface it contacts and are locked by the transverse indenter locking nut 18. When the anti-loosening system encounters dynamic loads, displacement can only occur on the inner surface of the washer 19, ensuring the axial accuracy of the system.

[0052] The hole of the lead screw groove 5 cooperates with the connecting shaft of the support frame 9. A support frame radial locking nut 26 is installed on the connecting shaft of the support frame 9. By adjusting the radial locking nut 26, the assembly direction and height of the connecting rod slider mechanism relative to the support frame 9 can be changed. The sliding bottom plate of the support frame 9 can slide along the chute of the workbench 13, facilitating the adjustment of the position of the transverse indenter 10 according to the sizes of different vibration isolation elements. After determining the position of the sliding bottom plate 13, the device is locked by the chute locking handle 17.

[0053] Before testing the vibration isolation element, the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical directions of the vibration isolation element are first defined and marked. Taking the axial direction of the vibration isolation element as the vertical direction, and the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical directions are perpendicular to each other. The metal plate on the lower surface of the vibration isolation element 12 and the lower cover plate 11 of the vibration isolation element are provided with threaded through holes, and their axes coincide, which are used to install the connecting bolts 24 and connecting nuts 25 for the lower cover plate of the vibration isolation element. Then, the upper cover plate 16 of the vibration isolation element is placed on the upper surface of the vibration isolation element 12 and fixedly connected by four pre-tightening bolts 14 and pre-tightening nuts 15. The preloading of the vibration isolation element can be satisfied by tightening the pre-tightening nuts.

[0054] The pre-tightened vibration isolation element is vertically installed on the workbench 13. The connecting shaft of the workbench 13 is provided with threads, which can cooperate with the threaded holes of the lower cover plate 11 of the vibration isolation element. The workbench radial locking nut 23 threadedly connected to the connecting shaft is also provided on the connecting shaft. By adjusting the workbench radial locking nut 23 installed on the workbench 13, the height and rotation direction of the vibration isolation element 12 can be changed. Then, according to the height of the vibration isolation element, the height and direction of the transverse indenter 10 are changed by adjusting the support frame radial locking nut 26.

[0055] When performing the transverse stiffness test, as Figure 1As shown, by adjusting the radial locking nut 26 of the support frame, the loading surface of the transverse pressure head 10 is made flush with the loaded surface of the vibration isolation element. The movement direction of the transverse pressure head 10 is the same as the test direction. Then, by adjusting the radial locking nut 21 of the actuator cylinder and rotating the vertical pressing plate 20 along the connecting shaft of the actuator cylinder fixture 1 and raising it to the highest position, and then locking the nut 21. When the test officially starts, since the vertical pressing plate 20 has been raised to the highest position, no load will be applied to the vibration isolation element during the horizontal and vertical tests. At this time, the actuator cylinder drives the upper cover plate 2 to move vertically. At this time, the vertical slider 4 slides along the vertical surface 501 of the lead screw groove 5. The vertical slider 4 applies a vertical displacement to one end of the long connecting rod 7, causing the short connecting rod 6 to rotate around the fixed end and pushing the other end of the long connecting rod 7 to be converted into a horizontal movement of the horizontal slider 8 along the horizontal plane 502 of the lead screw groove 5. The horizontal slider 8 is connected to the transverse pressure head 10. According to the above principle, the vertical displacement of the actuator cylinder fixture 1 can be converted into the horizontal displacement of the transverse pressure head 10. When conducting the longitudinal test, adjust the radial locking nut 23 on the workbench 13 to rotate the vibration isolation element 90° around the connecting shaft of the workbench, and then re-tighten the radial locking nut, and repeat the steps of the horizontal test to conduct the longitudinal test.

[0056] When conducting the vertical stiffness test, as Figure 2 shown, first raise the actuator cylinder 1, and drive the transverse chuck 10 to disengage from the vibration isolation element 10 through the connecting rod slider mechanism. Then loosen the connecting nut 3 and nut 22 between the vertical slider 4 and the upper cover plate 2, and adjust the radial locking nut 26 of the support frame to rotate the lead screw groove 5 and its connecting rod slider mechanism 90° around the connecting shaft of the support frame 9. At this time, the protrusion of the connecting shaft of the vertical slider 4 is parallel to the chute of the upper cover plate 2. Then, adjust the radial locking nut 21 of the actuator cylinder to lower the vertical pressing plate 20 to the lowest position and make the loading surface of the vertical pressing plate 20 flush with the loaded surface of the vibration isolation element 12, so that the working stroke direction of the vertical pressing plate 20 is the same as the test direction. When the vertical test officially starts, due to the rotation of the lead screw groove, the transverse pressure head 10 no longer contacts the vibration isolation element 12. At this time, the vibration isolation element 12 is only subjected to the vertical load provided by the vertical pressing plate 20.

[0057] After the equipment is installed, it is pre-pressed once to determine whether the installation of the vibration isolation elements and the software settings of the testing machine are correct. After the debugging is completed, the testing machine is used to control the actuator cylinder to load slowly. Using closed-loop control, the loading is carried out until the indenter just touches the test piece of the vibration isolation element. Then, the test plan is set, and parameters such as the loading method (force control / displacement control), loading speed, and holding time are selected. Each direction is pre-loaded three times, and then the test officially starts. A force sensor is installed on the workbench 13, which can detect the force received by the vibration isolation element in real time. A displacement sensor is installed on the actuator cylinder 1, which can detect the vertical displacement of the actuator cylinder in real time. During the vertical test, the vertical displacement received by the vibration isolation element can be directly obtained; during the transverse and longitudinal tests, the transverse and longitudinal displacements received by the vibration isolation element can be calculated through the connecting rod slider mechanism. After obtaining the real-time force and real-time displacement received by the vibration isolation element, the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical stiffness are calculated according to the national standard.

[0058] During the transverse and longitudinal tests, the conversion process of the vertical displacement and the transverse displacement is as follows. It is known that the length of the long rod 7 is twice the length of the short rod. According to Figure 7 and Figure 8 it can be obtained that when the short rod moves from OC’ to OC, the long rod moves from A’B’ to AB. The values of B’B and OB’ can be directly obtained by the displacement sensor. Let the length of OB’ be m and the length of OC be l, then the length of AB is 2l. Since both ∠AOB and ∠A’OB’ are 90°, the following equation can be obtained at this time:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Therefore, the relationship between the vertical displacement and the transverse displacement is:

[0064]

[0065] According to the above formula, the corresponding x values for different y values can be solved, and the transverse and longitudinal displacements received by the vibration isolation element 12 can be solved according to the vertical displacement of the vertical slider 4. Thus, the true displacement value and true force value of the vibration isolation element during the test are obtained.

[0066] There are many specific implementation ways of the present invention. The above description is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements can still be made, and these improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine, characterized in that, The test device includes a workbench (13), a vibration isolation element clamping mechanism fixed on the workbench (13), an upper cover plate (2) connected to the upper working cylinder clamp (1) of the testing machine, and a vertical motion mechanism and a horizontal motion mechanism connected below the upper cover plate (2); The vertical motion mechanism includes a vertically movable vertical pressure plate (20) connected below the upper cover plate (2), and the vertical pressure plate (20) is located above the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism; There are two horizontal motion mechanisms, and the two horizontal motion mechanisms are located on both sides of the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism; the horizontal motion mechanism includes a support frame (9), a lead screw groove (5), a vertical slider (4), a horizontal slider (8), a link commutation mechanism, and a transverse pressure head (10). The support frame (9) is connected to the workbench (13), the lead screw groove (5) is vertically movably connected to the support frame (9), the vertical slider (4) is detachably connected to the upper cover plate (2), the horizontal slider (8) is slidably connected to the side arm of the lead screw groove (5), and the vertical movement of the vertical slider (4) is converted into the reciprocating sliding of the horizontal slider (8) through the link commutation mechanism connected between the vertical slider (4) and the horizontal slider (8), and the transverse pressure head (10) is installed on the horizontal slider (8).

2. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration isolation element clamping mechanism includes a vibration isolation element lower cover plate (11) and a vibration isolation element upper cover plate (16); The vibration isolation element lower cover plate (11) is installed on the workbench (13); the vibration isolation element (12) is fixedly installed on the vibration isolation element lower cover plate (11), the vibration isolation element upper cover plate (16) is installed above the vibration isolation element lower cover plate (11), and presses the vibration isolation element (12).

3. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting shaft of the upper working cylinder clamp (1) penetrates the upper cover plate (2) and is threadedly connected to the upper cover plate (2). The vertical pressure plate (20) includes a vertical sleeve and a pressure plate body. The vertical sleeve is sleeved on the bottom end of the connecting shaft of the working cylinder clamp (1) and is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft of the working cylinder clamp (1). The pressure plate body is horizontally arranged and is integrated with the bottom end of the vertical sleeve.

4. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the support frame (9) has a connecting shaft, and the lead screw groove (5) is sleeved on the top end of the connecting shaft of the support frame (9); A radially locking nut (26) of the support frame is also provided on the connecting shaft of the support frame (9) and is threadedly connected thereto. The radially locking nut (26) of the support frame abuts below the lead screw groove (5).

5. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertically arranged vertical guide groove (501) is provided on the upper part of the lead screw groove (5), and a horizontally arranged horizontal guide groove (502) is provided on the side arm of the lead screw groove (5). The vertical slider (4) is slidably connected in the vertical guide groove (501), and the horizontal slider (8) is slidably connected in the horizontal guide groove (502); The link commutation mechanism includes a short link (6) and a long link (7). The two ends of the long link (7) are respectively hinged to the vertical slider (4) and the horizontal slider (8), and one end of the short link (6) is hinged to the middle of the long link (7) and the other end is hinged to the surface of the lead screw groove (5).

6. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Slides are provided on the surface of the workbench (13) on both sides of the vibration isolation element clamping mechanism. The support frame (9) is slidably connected to the slides, and a slide locking handle (17) is provided at the bottom of the support frame (9). After the slide locking handle (17) penetrates the support frame (9), it abuts against the slide, and the slide locking handle (17) is threadedly connected to the support frame (9). Upper cover plate chutes (202) parallel to the slides are provided on both sides of the upper cover plate (2). The upper part of the vertical slider (4) has a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft of the vertical slider (4) penetrates through the upper cover plate chute (202), and a locking nut (3) and a vertical slider connecting shaft locking nut (22) threadedly connected thereto are provided on the connecting shaft of the vertical slider (4). The locking nut (3) and the vertical slider connecting shaft locking nut (22) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper cover plate (2).

7. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, A vertical slider connecting shaft protrusion (401) is also fixedly connected to the connecting shaft of the vertical slider (4). A plurality of holes are evenly provided in the upper cover plate chute (202). The holes in the upper cover plate chute (202) cooperate with the vertical slider connecting shaft protrusion (401). During horizontal and vertical tests, the protrusion of the vertical slider fits perfectly against the hole wall; during vertical tests, the protrusion of the vertical slider separates from the hole wall.

8. The three - direction stiffness testing device for vibration isolation elements applicable to a unidirectional loading testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral pressure head (10) is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft on the side of the horizontal slider (8), and a wedge-locking washer (19) and a lateral pressure head locking nut (18) are sleeved on the connecting shaft of the horizontal slider (8). The wedge-locking washer (19) is locked by the lateral pressure head locking nut (18).

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