A wide spectrum microwave generation system based on magnetic switch

Abstract

The application discloses a wide-spectrum microwave generating system based on a magnetic switch, and aims at solving the problems of the existing wide-spectrum microwave generating system, such as difficulty in realizing high repetition frequency, long service life, stable operation and miniaturization. The application is composed of a primary power supply U0, an energy storage capacitor CC, a magnetic switch and a load antenna R. The switching of the magnetic core working state between the forward saturation point and the reverse saturation point is used to complete the current diversion on the winding of the magnetic switch, so as to generate wide-spectrum pulse oscillation on the load antenna, realize the miniaturization and compactness of the wide-spectrum microwave generating system, and effectively improve the repetition frequency operation ability and long service life working ability of the wide-spectrum microwave system by relying on the characteristics of high repetition frequency and long service life of the magnetic switch. The application does not need to use a pulse forming line to generate wide-spectrum oscillation, and is beneficial to realize the solidification and compactness of the wide-spectrum microwave system. The application uses the magnetic switch as a main switch, and greatly improves the service life of the wide-spectrum microwave system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of broadband high-power microwave technology, and in particular to a broadband microwave generation system based on magnetic switches. Background Technology

[0002] High-power microwave technology is an emerging discipline derived from nuclear technology, combining pulsed power technology, relativistic vacuum electronic devices, antenna technology, and other disciplines. Based on the instantaneous spectral width, high-power microwaves can be classified into three categories: narrow-spectrum high-power microwaves (NS-HPM), wide-spectrum high-power microwaves (WS-HPM), and ultra-wide-spectrum high-power microwaves (UWS-HPM). Ultra-wide-spectrum microwaves and narrow-spectrum microwaves are two typical technical types of high-power microwaves. Ultra-wide-spectrum microwaves have a wide bandwidth but low power spectral density; narrow-spectrum microwaves have a narrow bandwidth but high power spectral density. Wide-spectrum microwaves combine the wide spectral coverage of ultra-wide-spectrum microwaves with the high spectral power density of narrow-spectrum microwaves, exhibiting relatively high back-door coupling efficiency in common electronic devices and electronic information systems. They show promising application prospects in electromagnetic pulse simulators, strong electromagnetic compatibility testing, and bomb disposal. However, these application requirements also place higher demands on the operating life, repetition frequency, structural compactness, output power, and operational stability of wide-spectrum microwave radiation sources.

[0003] Currently, methods for generating broadband microwaves mainly include switched-excited coaxial resonators, nonlinear transmission line methods, broadband oscillations generated by unmatched Blumlein lines, dispersive antennas, and frozen wave generators. Their research status and technical implementation approaches differ, but in principle, they all utilize switching technology, combining different generating lines or combinations of generating lines and antennas, to generate damped oscillations on the load antenna or directly generate broadband radiation through a dispersive antenna. In practical engineering applications, traditional gas switches are often used as oscillation initiation or steepening devices, featuring simple structure, fast conduction, and strong current carrying capacity. However, they suffer from severe electrode erosion and short service life (generally less than 10 years). 5 However, it suffers from drawbacks such as requiring frequent maintenance and difficulty in achieving high repetition rate operation. The frozen wave generator uses photoconductive switches as inter-line switches to generate broadband oscillations, but it also faces the current challenge of the photoconductive switches' lifespan. The pulse forming line, as the main energy storage component, directly participates in electromagnetic oscillation formation using the transmission line wave process. By adjusting its structural parameters, broadband pulses with different time-domain waveforms and spectral parameters can be obtained. However, improving the output power and power capacity of the forming line while maintaining structural compactness remains a pressing issue for achieving good engineering applications of broadband systems. For dispersive antenna technology, the antenna type is relatively fixed, offering limited selection options, and is constrained by antenna bandwidth, making practical applications quite difficult.

[0004] Researchers at the China Academy of Engineering Physics reported a miniaturized and compact broadband source (hereinafter referred to as Background Technology 1) in their academic paper "Miniaturized and Compact High-Power Broadband Source" [Zhang Jinqi et al. Miniaturized and Compact High-Power Broadband Source [J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, Vol. 26, No. 4, 2014]. This broadband source includes: a primary power supply, a Marx generator, a switch, a resonator, a coupler, and a patch antenna. The Marx generator is a fully inductively isolated Marx generator, the switch is a gas switch, the resonator is a low-impedance transmission line with a length l = λ / 4 (λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the broadband microwave generated by the system), and the patch antenna is a broadband patch antenna, such as... Figure 1 As shown. Its basic working principle is as follows: the primary power supply generates a constant current output of ±50kV to charge the Marx generator; after the multi-stage series gas switches in the Marx generator undergo successive overvoltage breakdown, a high-voltage pulse with a fast rising edge is generated at the output of the Marx generator and charges the resonator. After the gas switch located at the front end of the resonator is turned on, a high-frequency resonance with a center frequency corresponding to a wavelength of 41 is excited on the resonator. This high-frequency resonance is radiated by a patch antenna through a coupler to generate broadband microwaves. In this background technology, the generation of broadband microwaves depends on the transmission line wave process generated on the resonator after the gas switch breaks down. The system's operating life and repetition frequency are limited by the lifespan and repetition frequency of the gas switches (only tens of Hz), and the use of the resonator restricts the miniaturization of the system.

[0005] American scholars reported a frozen wave generator based on a photoconductor switch (hereinafter referred to as Background Technology II) in their academic paper "High-Power Microwave Generation With Photoconductors" [OSFZucker, "High-Power Microwave Generation With Photoconductors," vol. 26, no. 15, pp. 2430–2440, 2008]. This frozen wave generator consists of N segments of transmission lines with alternating positive and negative charges (+V, -V), all with impedance Z and electrical length l, and an inter-line switch SW (photoconductor switch). Figure 2 As shown. Before the inter-line switch SW is closed and turned on, each segment of the transmission line is alternately charged with positive and negative charges; after the inter-line switch SW is closed and turned on simultaneously, an electromagnetic oscillation with a period equal to the number of transmission line segments N and a time period of 2l is obtained on the load Z at the rightmost end of the system. This background technology can generate broadband pulse oscillations on the load Z, forming broadband microwave radiation, but the system depends on the wave process formed on the transmission line after the photoconductive switch is turned off, which is limited by the service life of the photoconductive switch (<10).6 The complexity of the laser triggering system and the transmission line structure make it difficult for the system to achieve long-term operation and for the structure to be compact.

[0006] Based on the aforementioned background technology, a novel broadband microwave generation system with a compact structure and capable of high repetition rate, long lifespan, and stable operation is needed to overcome the limitations of existing broadband microwave generation systems in terms of system structure and operational capabilities. A magnetic switch is a high-power solid-state switch with high repetition rate and long lifespan that utilizes the transition of a magnetic core from an unsaturated to a saturated state to create a sudden change in inductance, thereby controlling the on / off state of a circuit. Driven by breakthroughs in magnetic materials technology and the demand for high-performance pulse power devices, magnetic switches are widely used not only in pulse compression networks to shape electrical pulse signals but also as the main switch in pulse power devices to discharge loads and achieve the system's main pulse output. It is considered one of the important ways to solve the shortcomings of traditional gas switches, such as severe electrode ablation and limited repetition rate capability. However, the design of using a magnetic switch as the main switch in a broadband microwave generation system and generating broadband oscillations through it has not yet been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is the shortcomings of existing broadband microwave generation systems, such as difficulty in achieving high repetition rate, long lifespan, stable operation, and miniaturization. This invention provides a broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch. By utilizing the switching of the magnetic core's operating state between the forward and reverse saturation points, the current in the magnetic switch winding is redirected, directly generating broadband pulse oscillations on the load antenna. This achieves miniaturization and compactness of the broadband microwave generation system, while relying on the high repetition rate (>1kHz) and long lifespan (>10kbps) of the magnetic switch... 9 The characteristics of (multiple) operation effectively improve the high-repetition-rate operation capability and long-life operation capability of broadband microwave systems.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0009] A broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch includes a primary power supply U0, an energy storage capacitor CC, a magnetic switch MS, and a load antenna R. The high-voltage terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, and the ground terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to charge it. The upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC is connected to the upper plate of the load antenna R, and the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC is also connected to the lower plate of the load antenna R. The magnetic switch MS consists of a magnetic core and a winding. The winding is constructed by continuously winding a wire around the magnetic core. One end of the winding is connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, and the other end is connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC. The voltage between the upper and lower plates of the energy storage capacitor CC is simultaneously applied to the magnetic switch MS. Under the influence of the voltage between the upper and lower plates of the energy storage capacitor CC, the operating state of the magnetic core of the magnetic switch MS switches back and forth between the forward saturation point and the reverse saturation point, completing the current redirection on the winding and generating broadband pulse oscillations on the load antenna R.

[0010] The magnetic switch MS is required to have an unsaturated inductance L0 greater than 1μH when the magnetic core is in an unsaturated state, which is equivalent to putting the magnetic switch MS in an open state; the magnetic switch MS has a saturated inductance L0 when the magnetic core is in a saturated state. s A value less than 5nH is equivalent to turning on the magnetic switch MS.

[0011] The magnetic core material of the magnetic switch MS can be any one of ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel sheet, iron-based amorphous magnetic material or iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic material.

[0012] After the core material of the magnetic switch MS is determined, the number of turns N of the magnetic switch MS winding is given by the formula.

[0013]

[0014] The calculation yields U(t), where U(t) is the charging voltage across the energy storage capacitor CC, in volts (V); τ is the saturation time of the magnetic switch MS, in seconds (s); A c This refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic core 3 in the magnetic switch MS, expressed in square meters (m²). 2 ΔB is the change in magnetic flux density of magnetic core 3 in magnetic switch MS from the initial state to the saturation state, and its unit is Tesla (T).

[0015] The implementation of the energy storage capacitor CC has no special requirements, but the capacitance value C of the energy storage capacitor CC must be less than 50pF. The parasitic inductance between the energy storage capacitor CC and the magnetic switch MS must be less than 1nH, and the parasitic resistance must be less than 2Ω.

[0016] The center frequency f of broadband pulse oscillation approximately satisfies the formula,

[0017]

[0018] Therefore, by adjusting the capacitance C of the energy storage capacitor CC, the center frequency f of the broadband pulse oscillation can be changed. In the above formula, L s It is the saturation inductance of the magnetic switch.

[0019] The load antenna R is a broadband antenna, with a bandwidth covering the center frequency f of the broadband oscillation and a standing wave ratio of less than 3.

[0020] The working process of this invention is as follows: Initially, the magnetic core of the magnetic switch MS operates in a non-saturated state, and the primary power supply U0 begins charging the energy storage capacitor CC. As charging progresses, the voltage difference across the winding of the magnetic switch MS gradually increases. When the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS reaches NΔBA... c When the magnetic flux inside the magnetic core reaches saturation, the winding inductance decreases rapidly, causing a sharp drop in voltage across the magnetic switch MS. The branch containing the magnetic switch MS becomes conductive, and current flows through the winding (from the end connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to the other end). The electrical pulse energy charges the energy storage capacitor CC in reverse through the winding of the magnetic switch MS, reducing the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS. When the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS becomes 0, the magnetic core reverse saturates, and a reverse current flows through the winding (from the end connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to the other end). This cycle repeats continuously, creating a broadband pulse oscillation on the load antenna R. This pulse oscillation, when applied to the antenna, generates broadband radiation until all the energy in the circuit is consumed.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following effects:

[0022] (1) This invention does not require the generation of broadband oscillations through a pulse forming line, thus avoiding the use of a pulse forming line, reducing energy transfer links, and the entire system does not use energy storage or insulating media such as deionized water or transformer oil, which is conducive to realizing the solid-state and compact design of broadband microwave systems.

[0023] (2) This invention uses a magnetic switch as the main switch, replacing the gas switch in traditional broadband microwave generation systems. This effectively avoids the problems of electrode erosion, frequent maintenance, and short service life associated with gas switches. Furthermore, relying on the long service life, stable structure, and stable performance of the magnetic switch, the operating life of the broadband microwave system is greatly improved (>10 years). 9 Second-rate).

[0024] (3) The present invention can adjust the center frequency of the generated broadband microwave by directly changing the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor, so that the center frequency of the broadband microwave generated by the broadband microwave generation system can be continuously adjusted in the range of several MHz to several GHz, which significantly reduces the complexity of the current broadband microwave system and expands the working frequency band of a single broadband microwave system.

[0025] (4) The present invention uses a magnetic field switch MS as the main switch to control the discharge and charging process of the energy storage capacitor CC. The operating point of the magnetic switch MS switches back and forth between the forward saturation state and the reverse saturation state under the action of the energy storage capacitor CC, forming a broadband pulse on the load. At the same time, since the magnetic hysteresis loop of the magnetic switch has good central symmetry, the broadband pulse waveform formed has good quality and can meet the application requirements of broadband microwave systems.

[0026] (5) This invention can operate at a high repetition rate, relying on the significant advantages of magnetic switches in terms of high average power carrying capacity and high repetition frequency compared to other switches, with a repetition frequency greater than 1kHz. In addition, this invention has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, operates stably, and is convenient for array integration. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a miniaturized and compact broadband source reported by Zhang Jinqi et al. of China Academy of Engineering Physics in their academic paper "Miniaturized and Compact High-Power Broadband Source" [Zhang Jinqi et al. Miniaturized and Compact High-Power Broadband Source [J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, Vol. 26, No. 4, 2014].

[0028] Figure 2 Background Technology 2: A schematic diagram of a frozen wave generator based on a photoconductor switch reported by American scholars in the academic paper "High-Power Microwave Generation With Photoconductors" [OSFZucker, "High-Power Microwave Generation With Photoconductors," vol. 26, no. 15, pp. 2430–2440, 2008. (High-Power Microwave Generation Technology Based on Photoconductor Devices, Journal of Optical Wave Technology, Vol. 26, pp. 2430-2440, 2008)].

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a logic structure diagram of an embodiment of a broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Typical analog waveform diagram of the embodiment shown;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The spectrum of a typical analog waveform. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, a broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch consists of a primary power supply U0, an energy storage capacitor CC, a magnetic switch MS, and a load antenna R. The high-voltage terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, and the ground terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, charging the energy storage capacitor CC. The upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC is connected to the upper plate 1 of the load antenna R, and the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC is connected to the lower plate 2 of the load antenna R. The magnetic switch MS consists of a magnetic core 3 and a winding 4. The winding 4 is formed by continuously winding a magnetic core with wire. One end of the winding 4 is connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, and the other end is connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, so that the voltage across the energy storage capacitor CC is simultaneously applied to the magnetic switch MS. Under the influence of the voltage between the upper and lower plates of the energy storage capacitor CC, the operating state of the magnetic core 3 of the magnetic switch MS switches back and forth between the forward saturation point and the reverse saturation point, completing the current redirection on the winding 4 and forming a broadband pulse oscillation on the load antenna R.

[0035] When the magnetic core 3 is in an unsaturated state, the unsaturated inductance L0 of the magnetic switch MS is greater than 1μH, which means the magnetic switch MS is essentially in an open state; when the magnetic core 3 is in a saturated state, the saturated inductance L0 of the magnetic switch MS is greater than 1μH. s When the current is less than 5nH, the magnetic switch MS is equivalent to being turned on.

[0036] The magnetic core material of the magnetic switch MS can be any one of ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel sheet, iron-based amorphous magnetic material, or iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic material.

[0037] The number of turns N of the magnetic switch MS winding is given by the formula

[0038]

[0039] The calculation yields U(t), where U(t) is the charging voltage across the energy storage capacitor C, in volts (V); τ is the saturation time of the magnetic switch MS, in seconds (s); and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic core in the magnetic switch MS, in square meters (m²). 2 ΔB is the change in magnetic flux density of the magnetic core in the magnetic switch MS from the initial state to the saturation state, and its unit is Tesla (T).

[0040] The capacitance C of the energy storage capacitor CC must be less than 50pF. The parasitic inductance between the energy storage capacitor CC and the magnetic switch MS must be less than 1nH, and the parasitic resistance must be less than 2Ω.

[0041] The center frequency f of the broadband pulse oscillation can be changed by adjusting the capacitance C of the energy storage capacitor CC. f is calculated using the formula...

[0042]

[0043] An estimate is made. Where L... s It is the saturation inductance of the magnetic switch.

[0044] The load antenna R is a broadband antenna, requiring its bandwidth to cover the center frequency f of the broadband oscillation and its VSWR to be less than 3.

[0045] The working process of this invention is as follows: Initially, the magnetic core 3 of the magnetic switch MS operates in a non-saturated state, and the primary power supply U0 begins to charge the energy storage capacitor CC. As charging proceeds, the voltage difference across the winding 4 of the magnetic switch MS gradually increases. When the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS reaches NΔBA... c Subsequently, the magnetic flux inside the magnetic core 3 enters a saturated state, the inductance of winding 4 decreases rapidly, causing a sharp drop in voltage across the magnetic switch MS. The branch containing the magnetic switch MS becomes conductive, and current flows through winding 4 (from the end of winding 4 connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to the other end of winding 4). The electrical pulse energy charges the energy storage capacitor CC in reverse through winding 4 of the magnetic switch MS, causing the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS to decrease. When the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS becomes 0, the magnetic core 3 becomes reverse saturated, and reverse current flows through winding 4 (from the end of winding 4 connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to the other end of winding 4). This cycle repeats continuously, forming a broadband pulse oscillation on the load antenna R. After the pulse oscillation is applied to the antenna, it generates broadband radiation until all the energy in the circuit is consumed.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a logic structure diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, consisting of a primary power supply U0, an energy storage capacitor CC, a magnetic switch MS, and a load antenna R. Both the energy storage capacitor CC and the load antenna R are integrated on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dielectric substrate, with the upper plates of both the energy storage capacitor CC and the load antenna R located on the front side of the substrate and the lower plates on the back side. The load antenna R is a TEM horn patch antenna with a bandwidth of 1GHz-3GHz and a VSWR of less than 1.3. The antenna input impedance is 50Ω, and the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor CC is 0.01nF. The high-voltage terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the upper plate of the capacitor CC, and the ground terminal is connected to the lower plate of the capacitor CC. The magnetic core 3 of the magnetic switch MS is made of an iron-based amorphous magnetic material with high magnetic flux density variation, low coercivity, and high rectangularity ratio. The two ends of the winding 4 are connected to the upper and lower plates of the capacitor, respectively. The saturated inductance of the magnetic switch MS is 1nH, and the unsaturated inductance is 2μH. The saturated volt-second product of the magnetic core 3 is 0.569 × 10⁻⁶. -9 V·s, initial volt-second product is 0.455 × 10 -9V·s. This implementation is compact, easy to integrate and array, and can be used to build broadband high-power microwave systems.

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The illustrated embodiment shows a typical simulated waveform. This simulated waveform was obtained using circuit simulation software (OrcadPspice 9.2), where the parasitic inductance between the magnetic switch MS and the energy storage capacitor CC was set to 0.1 nH, the parasitic resistance to 0.01 Ω, and the initial voltage of the energy storage capacitor CC to 50 V. The horizontal axis of the simulated waveform represents time in nanoseconds (ns), and the vertical axis represents the voltage on the load antenna R in volts (V). This simulated waveform is a damped oscillation with a period of approximately 0.75 ns. The normalized spectrum of this typical simulated waveform was obtained through Fourier transform, as shown below. Figure 6 (yes Figure 5 As shown in the spectrum of a typical analog waveform, the center frequency f of the oscillating pulse is approximately 1.3 GHz, with a percentage bandwidth of 19%, which is typical of broadband pulse oscillation.

[0048] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Without departing from the spirit and essence of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to this invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch, comprising a primary power supply U0; ​​characterized in that... The broadband microwave generation system based on a magnetic switch also includes an energy storage capacitor CC, a magnetic switch MS, and a load antenna R; the high-voltage terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, and the ground terminal of the primary power supply U0 is connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to charge the energy storage capacitor CC; the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC is connected to the upper plate (1) of the load antenna R, and the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC is connected to the lower plate (2) of the load antenna R; the magnetic switch MS consists of a magnetic core (3) and a winding (4), and the winding... Group (4) is composed of a magnetic core wound with continuous wire. One end of the winding (4) is connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC, and the other end is connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC. The voltage between the upper and lower plates of the energy storage capacitor CC is simultaneously applied to the magnetic switch MS. Under the action of the voltage between the upper and lower plates of the energy storage capacitor CC, the working state of the magnetic core (3) of the magnetic switch MS switches back and forth between the forward saturation point and the reverse saturation point to complete the current direction of the winding (4) and form a broadband pulse oscillation on the load antenna R. The magnetic switch MS is required to be in the open state when the magnetic core (3) is in the unsaturated state, the unsaturated inductance L0 is greater than 1μH; and the magnetic switch MS is in the open state when the magnetic core (3) is in the saturated state, the saturated inductance L0 is greater than 1μH. s When the current is less than 5nH, the magnetic switch MS is turned on; The center frequency f of the broadband pulse oscillation satisfies the formula. By adjusting the capacitance C of the energy storage capacitor CC, f and L can be changed. s The saturation inductance of the magnetic switch; The load antenna R is a broadband antenna.

2. The broadband microwave generation system based on magnetic switches as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The magnetic core material of the magnetic switch MS is any one of ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel sheet, iron-based amorphous magnetic material, or iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic material.

3. The broadband microwave generation system based on magnetic switches as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The number of turns N in the winding of the magnetic switch MS is given by the formula The calculation yields U(t), where U(t) is the charging voltage across the energy storage capacitor CC, in volts; τ is the saturation time of the magnetic switch MS, in seconds; A c ΔB is the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic core (3) in the magnetic switch MS, in square meters; ΔB is the change in magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the magnetic core (3) in the magnetic switch MS changing from the initial state to the saturation state, in Tesla.

4. The broadband microwave generation system based on magnetic switches as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The capacitance value C of the energy storage capacitor CC is less than 50pF; the parasitic inductance between the energy storage capacitor CC and the magnetic switch MS is less than 1nH, and the parasitic resistance is less than 2Ω.

5. The broadband microwave generation system based on magnetic switches as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The bandwidth of the load antenna R covers the center frequency f of the broadband oscillation, and the standing wave ratio is less than 3.

6. The broadband microwave generation system based on magnetic switches as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The process of the magnetic switch MS core (3) switching back and forth between the forward saturation point and the reverse saturation point to complete the current redirection on the winding (4) and form a broadband pulse oscillation on the load antenna R is as follows: Initially, the magnetic switch MS core (3) is in a non-saturated state, and the primary energy begins to charge the energy storage capacitor CC; as charging proceeds, the voltage difference across the winding (4) of the magnetic switch MS gradually increases, and when the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS reaches NΔBA... c When the magnetic flux inside the magnetic core (3) enters a saturated state, the inductance of the winding (4) drops rapidly, causing a sharp drop in voltage on the magnetic switch MS. The branch where the magnetic switch MS is located is turned on, and current appears in the winding (4). The current flows from the end of the winding (4) connected to the upper plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to the other end of the winding (4). The electrical pulse energy charges the energy storage capacitor CC in reverse through the winding (4) of the magnetic switch MS, making the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS smaller. When the volt-second product of the magnetic switch MS becomes 0, the magnetic core (3) is reverse saturated, and a reverse current appears in the winding (4). The current flows from the end of the winding (4) connected to the lower plate of the energy storage capacitor CC to the other end of the winding (4). This cycle repeats, forming a broadband pulse oscillation on the load antenna R. After the pulse oscillation is loaded onto the load antenna R, it generates broadband radiation until all the energy in the circuit is consumed.

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