A drive system and method for a bale cotton harvester module forming system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power driving devices, in particular to a driving system and method for a cotton module forming system in a baled cotton harvester, which comprises a permanent magnet motor, is provided with a first clutch and a second clutch, is connected with an engine through the first clutch and is connected with a cotton module forming system through the second clutch; a battery pack is used for storing electric energy generated by the permanent magnet motor; a controller is used for detecting the running state of the cotton module forming system and controlling the opening and closing of the first clutch and the second clutch; the application can reasonably distribute engine kinetic energy, stably start the cotton module forming system, does not cause impact on the engine, and eliminates the problems of other system efficiency reduction and unstable work caused by the sharp change of engine load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power drive device technology, and in particular to a drive system and method for a cotton mold forming system in a cotton baling harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Regarding cotton harvesting methods, the market currently recommends using baling cotton harvesters, which can harvest and bale cotton, reducing the labor intensity for cotton farmers and improving harvesting efficiency.

[0003] The cotton die forming system is the system in a cotton baling harvester that bale cotton. During the operation of the cotton baling harvester, the cotton die forming mechanism consumes a lot of power and operates intermittently. In order to cooperate with the operation of the forming mechanism, the engine of the cotton harvester must always be in a state of high power output. As a result, the intermittent operation of the cotton die forming system will impact the engine operation, causing the engine to work unstablely, which in turn causes other systems that rely on it for power to work unstablely as well. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drive system and method for the cotton die forming system in a cotton baling harvester, to solve the problem of the impact on engine operation caused by the intermittent operation of the cotton die forming system in the prior art. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drive system for a cotton die forming system in a cotton baling harvester, comprising:

[0006] The permanent magnet motor is equipped with a first clutch and a second clutch. It is connected to the engine through the first clutch and to the cotton mold forming system through the second clutch.

[0007] A battery pack for storing the electrical energy generated by the permanent magnet motor;

[0008] The controller is used to detect the operating status of the cotton mold forming system and control the opening and closing of the first clutch and the second clutch.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for the drive system according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0010] When the cotton harvester starts working, if the controller detects that the cotton die forming system is not working, the engine will use part of its power to drive the permanent magnet motor to generate electricity through the first clutch, and the generated electrical energy will be transferred to the battery pack for storage. When the battery pack is fully charged, the first clutch will be disengaged. When the cotton die forming system is ready to work, the permanent magnet motor will drive the cotton die forming system to work through the second clutch. After the baling work is completed, the second clutch will be disengaged. After one work cycle is completed, the engine will continue to charge the battery pack until the cotton die forming system needs to work again, and this cycle will continue.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the controller determines whether to start the cotton molding system by receiving signals from the photoelectric sensors set in the cotton molding system, and determines whether the cotton molding system is working by receiving signals from the speed sensors set in the cotton molding system.

[0012] As a further technical solution, after the second clutch is disengaged, when the first clutch is about to engage, the output shaft speed n1 connected to it on the engine is determined, and the stator magnetic field speed n2 in the permanent magnet motor is adjusted to 85% of n1. Then, the first clutch is immediately engaged, and in the following time t1, the stator magnetic field speed is reduced to 0 with a speed change rate of 85%n1 / t1, so that the permanent magnet motor and the battery pack enter a normal charging state.

[0013] As a further technical solution, if the rotational speed n1=0 is detected, the stator magnetic field rotational speed n2=0 is maintained to charge the battery pack. When charging the battery pack, n2 no longer changes.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the battery pack is equipped with a battery management system. When the system detects that the battery is fully charged, the controller sends a signal to disengage the first clutch. The charging process can be restarted once the cotton mold forming system has completed its operation.

[0015] As a further technical solution, when the cotton mold forming system receives a controller signal indicating that it needs to work, it confirms that the first clutch is in the disengaged state and monitors the permanent magnet motor speed to drop to n3. At this time, the controller controls the second clutch to engage. The battery pack starts to supply power to the permanent magnet motor, and the controller controls and monitors the output to enable the cotton mold forming system to work normally, with torque p1 and speed n4.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the rotational speed n3 is the minimum speed at which the permanent magnet motor can provide the starting torque for the cotton mold forming system.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the torque p1 and speed n4 of the cotton mold forming system during normal operation are controlled by the controller using the PID method to control the torque p2 and speed n5 of the permanent magnet motor to achieve the desired values.

[0018] As a further technical solution, to obtain torque p1 and speed n4, the transmission ratio between the cotton mold forming system and the permanent magnet motor is first converted into the torque p2 and speed n5 that the permanent magnet motor is expected to achieve. Then, according to the torque-current-speed relationship diagram of the permanent magnet motor that has been calibrated, the adjustment coefficient is called to output the current expected by the permanent magnet motor. Then, the controller provides the voltage to the permanent magnet motor according to the expected current to meet the requirements. The actual current of the permanent magnet motor at this time is detected and compared with the expected current to obtain the current deviation. Then, after PID adjustment, the adjusted control voltage is output. This process is repeated until the detected current reaches the expected current.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) The kinetic energy provided by the engine of the cotton harvester of the present invention is converted into electrical energy by a permanent magnet motor and then stored in a battery pack. When the cotton mold forming system is ready to work, the permanent magnet motor disconnects from the engine and converts the electrical energy stored in the battery pack into mechanical energy to drive the cotton mold forming system. This allows for a more rational distribution of engine kinetic energy, a smooth start-up of the cotton mold forming system, and avoids impacting the engine. It also eliminates the problem of reduced efficiency and unstable operation of other systems due to drastic changes in engine load. For example, it can effectively ensure the power requirements of the harvesting system, the pneumatic conveying system, and the walking system, preventing their efficiency from decreasing.

[0021] (2) After the cotton mold forming system of the present invention is disconnected from the permanent magnet motor, when the engine and the permanent magnet motor are about to be combined, the engine speed needs to be determined first, so as to control the speed and magnetic field change of the permanent magnet motor. By controlling the speed and magnetic field change of the permanent magnet motor, the load of the engine can be changed smoothly, and the charging efficiency of the permanent magnet motor can be maintained at a high level. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. It should also be understood that these drawings are for simplicity and clarity and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The invention will now be described and explained with additional features and details using the drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cotton mold forming system in a cotton baling harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 This invention illustrates a flowchart showing the controller's control over the cotton mold forming system and the permanent magnet motor's operating status in an embodiment of the invention.

[0025] Figure 3A flowchart illustrating the control of the speed and torque of a permanent magnet motor in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Controller; 2. Speed ​​sensor; 3. First clutch; 4. Engine; 5. Permanent magnet motor; 6. Rectifier; 7. Battery pack; 8. Battery management system; 9. Cotton mold forming system; 10. Second clutch; 11. Photoelectric sensor; 12. Engine ECU; 13. Motor controller. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in typical embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a drive system for the cotton die forming system in a cotton baling harvester, including:

[0030] The permanent magnet motor 5 is equipped with a first clutch 3 and a second clutch 10. It is connected to the engine 4 through the first clutch 3 and to the cotton mold forming system 9 through the second clutch 10. The engine 4 is the engine that comes with the cotton baling harvester itself.

[0031] Battery pack 7 is used to store the electrical energy generated by permanent magnet motor 5;

[0032] The controller 1 is used to detect the operating status of the cotton mold forming system 9 and control the opening and closing of the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 10.

[0033] In this embodiment, the controller 1 is a programmable controller that communicates via a CAN bus. The cotton molding system 9 is equipped with a speed sensor 2, which can detect whether the cotton molding system 9 is working. The cotton molding system 9 is also equipped with a photoelectric sensor 11, which can detect whether the cotton molding system 9 is ready to work. The photoelectric sensor 11 mainly detects the packaging film used to pack cotton. When the cotton molding system 9 is ready to start working, the packaging film will move first. By detecting the packaging film, it is possible to detect whether the cotton molding system 9 is ready to work. Those skilled in the art are familiar with and understand this. Therefore, the specific working principle of how the photoelectric sensor detects the packaging film will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Furthermore, when the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 10 are working, they rotate in the same direction, which is also the same as the direction of rotation of the permanent magnet motor 5. The permanent magnet motor 5 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor. If its rated power is p1=m1kW, then the rated capacity of the battery pack 7 is w=m1 / 3kWh, matching the permanent magnet motor 5. Here, m1 represents the actual rated power value of the permanent magnet motor 5, and it is equipped with a battery management system 8. The battery management system 8 can detect whether the battery pack 7 is fully charged. A battery management system using existing technology is sufficient. A rectifier 6 is also provided between the permanent magnet motor 5 and the battery pack 7. The permanent magnet motor 5 is also equipped with a motor controller 13. It is understood that the engine 4 should be equipped with an engine ECU 12.

[0035] The kinetic energy provided by the engine 4 of the cotton harvester is converted into electrical energy by the permanent magnet motor 5 and then stored in the battery pack 7. When the cotton molding system 9 is ready to work, the permanent magnet motor 5 disconnects from the engine 4 and converts the electrical energy stored in the battery pack 7 into mechanical energy to drive the cotton molding system 9. This allows for a more rational distribution of the engine 4's kinetic energy, a smooth start-up of the cotton molding system 9 without impacting the engine, and eliminates the problem of reduced efficiency and unstable operation of other systems due to drastic changes in engine load. For example, it effectively ensures the power requirements of the harvesting system, the pneumatic conveying system, and the walking system, preventing any reduction in their efficiency.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] This embodiment provides a control method for the drive system according to Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, when the cotton harvester starts working, the controller 1 first detects whether the cotton mold forming system 9 is working through the speed sensor 2. If the cotton mold forming system 9 is not working, the first clutch 3 is engaged, and the engine 4 drives the permanent magnet motor 5 as an AC generator through the first clutch 3 to generate electricity. The generated electrical energy is then transmitted to the battery pack 7 for storage through the rectifier 6 and wiring harness. When the battery management system 8 detects that the battery is fully charged, it disconnects the first clutch 3 between the engine 4 and the permanent magnet motor 5. When the cotton mold forming system 9 is ready to start working, the controller 1 ensures that the first clutch 3 between the permanent magnet motor 5 and the engine 4 is engaged. With clutch 3 disconnected, the permanent magnet motor 5, acting as a motor, connects to the cotton molding system 9 via the second clutch 10, driving the cotton molding system 9 to work and converting electrical energy into mechanical energy for the cotton molding system 9. When the controller detects the end of one working cycle of the cotton molding system 9, the controller 1 stops the operation of the permanent magnet motor 5, and the cotton molding system 9 stops operating. Then, the controller 1 disconnects the permanent magnet motor 5 from the second clutch 10 of the cotton molding system 9 and connects the permanent magnet motor 5 to the engine 4 via the first clutch 3 to charge the battery pack 7 until the cotton molding system 9 needs to work again, and so on in a cycle.

[0039] The kinetic energy provided by the engine 4 of the cotton harvester is converted into electrical energy by the permanent magnet motor 5 and then stored in the battery pack 7. When the cotton molding system 9 is ready to work, the permanent magnet motor 5 disconnects from the engine 4 and converts the electrical energy stored in the battery pack 7 into mechanical energy to drive the cotton molding system 9. This allows for a more rational distribution of the kinetic energy of the engine 4, a smooth start-up of the cotton molding system 9 without impacting the engine, and also eliminates the problem of reduced efficiency and unstable operation of other systems due to drastic changes in engine load.

[0040] The controller 1 determines whether to start the cotton molding system 9 by receiving signals from the photoelectric sensor installed in the cotton molding system 9, and determines whether the cotton molding system 9 is working by receiving signals from the speed sensor 2 installed in the cotton molding system 9. The above content has been described in Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0041] Controller 1 is a programmable controller that communicates via a CAN bus. It receives signals from photoelectric sensor 11 to determine whether the cotton mold forming system 9 has started operating. If so, it controls the first electromagnetic switch to disengage the first clutch 3 and receives the status of the first electromagnetic switch at this time, which is the disengaged charging state. Then, it controls the second electromagnetic switch to engage the second clutch 10 and receives the status of the second electromagnetic switch at this time, which is the operating state of the cotton mold forming system 9. When the signal received by the photoelectric sensor 11 indicates that the cotton mold forming system 9 is in a stopped state, it controls the second electromagnetic switch to disengage the second clutch 10 and receives the status of the second electromagnetic switch at this time, which is the disengaged cotton mold forming system 9 state. Then, it controls the first electromagnetic switch to engage the first clutch 3 and receives the status of the first electromagnetic switch at this time, which is the charging state.

[0042] After the second clutch 10 is disengaged, when the first clutch 3 is about to engage, the controller 1 needs to first read the engine ECU 12 information to determine the output shaft speed n1 connected to the engine 4, and then communicate with the motor controller 13 to adjust the stator magnetic field speed n2 in the permanent magnet motor 5 to 85% of n1, and make it consistent with the direction of n1. Then, the first clutch 3 is engaged immediately, and in the following time t1, the stator magnetic field speed is reduced to 0 with a speed change rate of 85% n1 / t1. The permanent magnet motor 5 and the battery pack 7 enter a normal charging state, where the value of t1 ranges from 5s to 10s.

[0043] After the cotton molding system 9 is disconnected from the permanent magnet motor 5, when the engine 4 and the permanent magnet motor 5 are about to reconnect, the engine speed of the engine 4 needs to be determined first, so as to control the speed and magnetic field changes of the permanent magnet motor 5. By controlling the speed and magnetic field changes of the permanent magnet motor 5, the load of the engine 4 can be changed smoothly, and the charging efficiency of the permanent magnet motor 5 can be maintained at a high level.

[0044] If the detected rotational speed n1=0 (the harvester is in the ready-to-start state, at which point its rotational speed is 0), the stator magnetic field rotational speed n2=0 is maintained to charge the battery pack. During this time, the load on engine 4 changes smoothly. When charging battery pack 7, n2 no longer changes.

[0045] The battery pack 7 is equipped with a battery management system 8. When it detects that the battery is fully charged, the controller 1 sends a signal to disconnect the first clutch 3. The charging process of the battery pack 7 can be restarted after the cotton mold forming system 9 has completed its work.

[0046] When the cotton molding system 9 receives a signal from the controller 1 that it needs to work, it confirms that the first clutch 3 is in the disengaged state and monitors the speed of the permanent magnet motor 5 when it drops to n3. At this time, the controller 1 controls the second clutch 10 to engage. The battery pack 7 starts to supply power to the permanent magnet motor 5 and is controlled and monitored by the controller 1 to output the torque p1 and speed n4 that enable the cotton molding system 9 to work normally.

[0047] Among them, the rotational speed n3 is the minimum speed at which the permanent magnet motor 5 can provide the starting torque for the cotton mold forming system 9. When the cotton mold forming system 9 is started at this speed, the starting process is smooth and the impact on the permanent magnet motor 5 can be significantly reduced, thus reducing the heat generation of the permanent magnet motor 5.

[0048] The torque p1 and speed n4 of the cotton molding system 9 are controlled by the controller 1 using the PID method to control the torque p2 and speed n5 of the permanent magnet motor 5 to achieve the desired values.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, to obtain torque p1 and speed n4, the transmission ratio between the cotton mold forming system 9 and the permanent magnet motor 5 is first converted into the torque p2 and speed n5 that the permanent magnet motor 5 is expected to achieve. Then, according to the torque-current-speed relationship diagram of the permanent magnet motor 5 that has been calibrated, the adjustment coefficient is called to output the current expected by the permanent magnet motor 5. Then, the controller 1 provides the voltage to the permanent magnet motor 5 according to the expected current to meet the requirements. The actual current of the permanent magnet motor 5 at this time is detected and compared with the expected current to obtain the current deviation. Then, after PID adjustment, the adjusted control voltage is output. This process is repeated until the detected current reaches the expected current.

[0050] However, given the complexity of permanent magnet motor operation, if the actual output torque and speed cannot meet the expectations, the speed of the permanent magnet motor 5 detected at this time is fed back to the torque-current-speed relationship diagram, the adjustment coefficient is re-obtained, and a new expected current is obtained. This process is repeated until the actual torque and speed of the permanent magnet motor 5 meet the requirements.

[0051] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive system for a cotton die forming system in a cotton baling harvester, characterized in that, The application relates to a cotton module forming system, comprising: a permanent magnet motor, which is provided with a first clutch and a second clutch, is connected with an engine through the first clutch and is connected with the cotton module forming system through the second clutch; a battery pack used for storing electric energy generated by the permanent magnet motor; a controller used for detecting the running state of the cotton module forming system and controlling the opening and closing of the first clutch and the second clutch; the controller judges whether to start running the cotton module forming system by receiving the signal of a photoelectric sensor arranged in the cotton module forming system and judges whether the cotton module forming system is working by receiving the signal of a rotating speed sensor arranged in the cotton module forming system; after the second clutch is disconnected, the first clutch is combined, the rotating speed n1 of an output shaft connected with the first clutch on the engine is determined, the rotating speed n2 of a stator magnetic field in the permanent magnet motor is adjusted to 85%n1, then the first clutch is immediately combined, the rotating speed of the stator magnetic field is reduced to 0 at a rotating speed change rate of 85%n1 / t1 in the following time t1, and the permanent magnet motor and the battery pack enter a normal charging state; when the cotton module forming system receives the signal of the controller and needs to work, the first clutch is confirmed to be in a disconnected state, the rotating speed of the permanent magnet motor is monitored to be reduced to n3, the second clutch is combined by the controller, at this moment, the battery pack starts to supply power to the permanent magnet motor, and the controller controls and monitors the output of the torque p1 and the rotating speed n4 which can make the cotton module forming system work normally.

2. The control method of the drive system according to claim 1, characterized by, The application further relates to a cotton module forming system, comprising the following steps: when the cotton harvester starts to work, if the controller detects that the cotton module forming system does not work, the engine drives the permanent magnet motor to generate electricity through the first clutch, and the generated electric energy is transmitted into the battery pack for storage; when the battery pack is fully charged, the first clutch is disconnected; when the cotton module forming system is ready to work, the permanent magnet motor drives the cotton module forming system to work through the second clutch, the second clutch is disconnected after the packaging work is completed; after one working cycle is completed, the battery pack is continuously charged by the engine until the next time when the cotton module forming system needs to work, and the cycle is repeated; the controller judges whether to start running the cotton module forming system by receiving the signal of a photoelectric sensor arranged in the cotton module forming system and judges whether the cotton module forming system is working by receiving the signal of a rotating speed sensor arranged in the cotton module forming system; after the second clutch is disconnected, the first clutch is combined, the rotating speed n1 of an output shaft connected with the first clutch on the engine is determined, the rotating speed n2 of a stator magnetic field in the permanent magnet motor is adjusted to 85%n1, then the first clutch is immediately combined, the rotating speed of the stator magnetic field is reduced to 0 at a rotating speed change rate of 85%n1 / t1 in the following time t1, and the permanent magnet motor and the battery pack enter a normal charging state; when the cotton module forming system receives the signal of the controller and needs to work, the first clutch is confirmed to be in a disconnected state, the rotating speed of the permanent magnet motor is monitored to be reduced to n3, the second clutch is combined by the controller, at this moment, the battery pack starts to supply power to the permanent magnet motor, and the controller controls and monitors the output of the torque p1 and the rotating speed n4 which can make the cotton module forming system work normally.

3. The control method of the drive system according to claim 2, characterized by, If the rotating speed n1=0 is detected, the rotating speed n2=0 of the stator magnetic field is maintained, and the battery pack is charged. When the battery pack is charged, n2 no longer changes.

4. The control method of the drive system according to claim 2, characterized by, The battery pack is provided with a battery management system. When the battery management system finds that the battery is fully charged, the controller sends a signal to disconnect the first clutch until the cotton molding system completes a work cycle. The charging of the battery pack can be restarted.

5. The control method of the drive system according to claim 2, characterized by, The rotating speed n3 is the minimum rotating speed of the permanent magnet motor that can provide the initial torque for the cotton molding system.

6. The control method of the drive system according to claim 2, characterized by, The torque p1 and the rotating speed n4 of the normal operation of the cotton molding system are controlled by the controller using the PID method to control the torque p2 and the rotating speed n5 of the permanent magnet motor to achieve the desired values.

7. The control method of the drive system according to claim 6, characterized by, To obtain the torque p1 and the rotating speed n4, the torque p2 and the rotating speed n5 that the permanent magnet motor needs to achieve are first converted through the transmission ratio between the cotton molding system and the permanent magnet motor. Then, according to the torque-current-speed relationship map of the permanent magnet motor that has been calibrated, the adjustment coefficient is called, and the current that the permanent magnet motor needs is output. Then, the controller provides the voltage to the permanent magnet motor to meet the needs. The actual current of the permanent magnet motor is detected, compared with the expected current, and the current deviation is obtained. Then, through PID adjustment, the adjusted control voltage is output. The process is repeated until the detected current reaches the expected current.

Images