Granular sleepers used to reduce the number of track tamping operations

Abstract

The present invention provides a granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations, belonging to the technical field of railway engineering track maintenance operations. By arranging a first ballast box and a second ballast box at the lower part of the sleeper body and arranging a signal control device on the sleeper body, a customized operation process of line tamping-free operation under small track lifting volume is realized, thereby improving the efficiency of line maintenance and repair operations and ensuring the stability of the line. The granular sleeper uses a power storage device to provide power to the granular sleeper system. The first ballast box and the second ballast box are used to control the number of ballast particles filling the gap under the sleeper bottom under different effective track lifting volumes, thereby solving the problem of reducing the number of tamping operations on the ballasted track bed of a high-speed railway under small track lifting volume. The wireless transmission device is used to realize the process of remotely controlling the granular sleeper to adjust the line geometry, which is conducive to reducing the workload of high-speed railway ballasted track maintenance and repair and saving a lot of costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway engineering line maintenance operations, and in particular to a granular sleeper for reducing the number of line tamping operations. Background Art

[0002] High-speed railway ballast tracks are susceptible to degradation due to high-frequency train loads, complex external environments, and special substructures. This degradation can cause ballast wear and contamination, altering track geometry and impacting safe train operations and passenger comfort. To ensure safe and stable line operation, regular maintenance and repairs are required, including track raising, tamping, and stabilization.

[0003] High-speed railway maintenance and repair operations have a short window, demand high smoothness, and require a large workload. Frequent tamping operations can severely break up ballast particles, impacting the long-term stability of the line and even leading to the strange phenomenon of "the more tamping, the worse the condition." Furthermore, high-speed railways have high geometric control standards and require frequent maintenance operations involving small track lifts. Therefore, during maintenance, the frequency of tamping operations along the entire line should be minimized to save maintenance and repair costs.

[0004] In order to ensure efficient and high-quality operation of high-speed railway lines, the number of large-scale tamping operations should be appropriately reduced, and a maintenance method for small-scale track lifting operations is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations, so as to solve at least one technical problem existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations, comprising:

[0008] Sleeper body, power storage device, signal control device, effective track lifting amount setting switch, wireless transmission device, sleeper end anchoring device, sleeper bottom anchoring device, first ballast box, second ballast box;

[0009] The signal control device is located at the top of the sleeper body and at the end of the sleeper; the power storage device is located at the top of the sleeper body and at one side of the signal control device, and is connected to the signal control device, the first ballast box, and the second ballast box; the effective track lifting amount setting switch is located at the top of the sleeper body and at one side of the signal control device; the wireless transmission device is located at the top of the sleeper body and at one side of the signal control device; the first ballast box is located at the bottom of the sleeper body and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper; the second ballast box is located at the bottom of the sleeper body and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper.

[0010] Preferably, the power storage device is used to supply power to the signal control device, the effective track lifting amount setting switch, the wireless transmission device, the first ballast box, and the second ballast box, and can be connected to an external power supply to regularly charge the power storage device; the effective track lifting amount setting switch is used to set the effective track lifting amount level; the wireless transmission device is used to connect to external electronic equipment to remotely control the effective track lifting amount setting switch and the signal control device; the signal control device is used to control the working switch status of the first ballast box and the second ballast box.

[0011] Preferably, the sleeper end anchoring device includes: a sleeper end anchoring bolt, a sleeper end anchoring nut, and a sleeper end anchoring ring handle; the sleeper end anchoring ring handle is located on both sides of the first ballast box and the second ballast box, and is connected to the sleeper end anchoring bolt and the sleeper end anchoring nut, and is used to fix the first ballast box and the second ballast box to the sleeper body.

[0012] Preferably, the sleeper bottom anchoring device includes: a sleeper bottom anchoring bolt, a sleeper bottom anchoring nut, and a sleeper bottom anchoring ring handle; the sleeper end anchoring ring handle is located on both sides of the first ballast box and the second ballast box, and is connected to the sleeper bottom anchoring bolt and the sleeper bottom anchoring nut, and is used to fix the first ballast box and the second ballast box to the sleeper body.

[0013] Preferably, the first ballast box and the second ballast box both include: a ballast storage box, a ballast storage box opening, a first ballast conveying hole, a second ballast conveying hole, a third ballast conveying hole, a fourth ballast conveying hole, a fifth ballast conveying hole, a sixth ballast conveying hole, a seventh ballast conveying hole, an eighth ballast conveying hole, a first crawler conveyor device, a second crawler conveyor device, a third crawler conveyor device, a fourth crawler conveyor device, a fifth crawler conveyor device, a sixth crawler conveyor device, a seventh crawler conveyor device, and an eighth crawler conveyor device.

[0014] Preferably, the ballast storage box is located on the top of the first and second ballast boxes, and the opening of the ballast storage box is located at the bottom of the ballast storage box; the first crawler conveyor device, the second crawler conveyor device, the third crawler conveyor device, the fourth crawler conveyor device, the fifth crawler conveyor device, the sixth crawler conveyor device, the seventh crawler conveyor device, and the eighth crawler conveyor device are located directly below the opening of the ballast storage box; the infrared laser detector is located on both sides of the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole.

[0015] Preferably, the first ballast box and the second ballast box also include: an infrared laser detector and a ballast conveying hole controller; the infrared laser detector is located on both sides of the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole.

[0016] Preferably, the ballast conveying hole controller is located below the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole, and is used to control the switching status of each ballast conveying hole.

[0017] Preferably, the infrared laser detector includes an infrared laser transmitter and an infrared laser receiver;

[0018] The infrared laser emitter emits infrared light to the infrared laser receiver. When the particles fall from the crawler conveyor device into the ballast conveying hole, the infrared laser is blocked. At this time, the infrared laser receiver cannot receive the laser signal. When the particles completely fall from the ballast conveying hole, the infrared laser receiver receives the laser signal again and counts to 1. The counting is repeated and the signal is transmitted to the signal control device. When the set number of ballast particles is reached, the corresponding crawler conveyor device is controlled by the signal control device to stop running, and the ballast conveying hole controller closes the corresponding ballast conveying hole.

[0019] Preferably, the first ballast box and the second ballast box are connected to the sleeper body through the sleeper end anchoring device and the sleeper bottom anchoring device. After the track lifting operation, the granular sleeper is powered by the power storage device, the effective track lifting height is set by the effective track lifting amount setting switch or the wireless transmission device, and the first ballast box and the second ballast box are controlled by the signal control device to output the corresponding number of ballast particles.

[0020] The invention has the beneficial effect of eliminating the need for tamping operations after track raising, allowing direct operation after track raising. This solves the problem of reducing the number of tamping operations on high-speed railway ballasted track beds when track raising is small, thus reducing the workload of high-speed railway ballasted track maintenance.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description, will become apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A side view of a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A side view of a sleeper end anchoring device for a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations for high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A side view of a granular sleeper bottom anchoring device for reducing the number of high-speed railway ballasted track maintenance and repair operations according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a side view of a first ballast box of a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations for high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A top view of a first ballast box of a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on high-speed railway ballasted tracks provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an infrared laser detector for a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of calculating the maximum number of particles filled in a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on a high-speed railway ballasted track according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8Schematic diagram of a discrete element model for calculating the effective track lift of a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a fitting function curve for calculating the number of particles in a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations for high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a flow chart for calculating the maximum number of granular fillers for granular sleepers for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations for high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a flow chart for calculating the minimum number of granular fillers for granular sleepers for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations for high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 The present invention is a flowchart of the working process of the granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on high-speed railway ballasted tracks according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Among them: 1-sleeper body; 2-power storage device; 3-signal control device; 4-effective track lifting amount setting switch; 5-wireless transmission device; 6-sleeper end anchoring device; 7-sleeper bottom anchoring device; 8-first ballast box; 9-second ballast box; 10-sleeper end anchoring bolt; 11-sleeper end anchoring nut; 12-sleeper end anchoring ring handle; 13-sleeper bottom anchoring bolt; 14-sleeper bottom anchoring nut; 15-sleeper bottom anchoring ring handle; 16-ballast storage box; 17-ballast storage box opening; 18-infrared laser detector; 20-ballast delivery hole controller; 21-first ballast delivery hole; 22-second ballast delivery hole; 23-third ballast delivery hole; 24 -Fourth ballast conveying hole; 25-Fifth ballast conveying hole; 26-Sixth ballast conveying hole; 27-Seventh ballast conveying hole; 28-Eighth ballast conveying hole; 31-First crawler conveying device; 32-Second crawler conveying device; 33-Third crawler conveying device; 34-Fourth crawler conveying device; 35-Fifth crawler conveying device; 36-Sixth crawler conveying device; 37-Seventh crawler conveying device; 38-Eighth crawler conveying device; 101-Infrared laser transmitter; 102-Infrared laser receiver; 201-Trackbed model; 202-Vertical downforce for stable operation; 203-Horizontal exciting force for stable operation; 204-Sleeper model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0038] It should also be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be understood to have a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless as defined herein.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a," "an," "said," and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or groups thereof.

[0040] In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and integrate different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as features of different embodiments or examples, unless otherwise inconsistent.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present technology and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present technology.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "disposed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection or disposition, detachable connection or disposition, or integral connection or disposition. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this technology based on specific circumstances.

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings are merely schematic diagrams of embodiments, and the components in the drawings are not necessarily necessary for implementing the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] In this embodiment 1, a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repairs on high-speed railway ballasted tracks is provided, characterized in that it includes a sleeper body, a power storage device, a signal control device, an effective track lift setting switch, a wireless transmission device, a sleeper end anchoring device, a sleeper bottom anchoring device, a first ballast box, and a second ballast box;

[0048] The signal control device is located on the top of the sleeper body and at the end of the sleeper; the power storage device is located on the top of the sleeper body and next to the signal control device, and is connected to the signal control device, the first ballast box, and the second ballast box; the effective track lifting amount setting switch is located on the top of the sleeper body and next to the signal control device; the wireless transmission device is located on the top of the sleeper body and next to the signal control device; the first ballast box is located at the bottom of the sleeper body and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper; the second ballast box is located at the bottom of the sleeper body and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper;

[0049] The power storage device is used to supply power to the signal control device, the effective track lifting amount setting switch, the wireless transmission device, the first ballast box, and the second ballast box, and can be connected to an external power supply to regularly charge the power storage device; the effective track lifting amount setting switch is used to set the effective track lifting amount level; the wireless transmission device is used to connect to external electronic equipment to remotely control the effective track lifting amount setting switch and the signal control device; the controller device is used to control the working switch status of the first ballast box and the second ballast box.

[0050] The sleeper end anchoring device includes: sleeper end anchor bolts, sleeper end anchor nuts, and sleeper end anchor ring handles. The sleeper end anchor ring handles are located on both sides of the first and second ballast boxes. They are ring handle structures and are connected to the sleeper end anchor bolts and sleeper end anchor nuts to secure the first and second ballast boxes to the sleeper body.

[0051] The sleeper bottom anchoring device includes: sleeper bottom anchor bolts, sleeper bottom anchor nuts, and sleeper bottom anchor ring handles. The sleeper end anchor ring handles are located on both sides of the first and second ballast boxes. They are ring handle structures and are connected to the sleeper bottom anchor bolts and sleeper bottom anchor nuts to secure the first and second ballast boxes to the sleeper body.

[0052] The first ballast box includes a ballast storage box, a ballast storage box opening, an infrared laser detector, a first ballast conveying hole, a second ballast conveying hole, a third ballast conveying hole, a fourth ballast conveying hole, a fifth ballast conveying hole, a sixth ballast conveying hole, a seventh ballast conveying hole, an eighth ballast conveying hole, a first crawler conveyor device, a second crawler conveyor device, a third crawler conveyor device, a fourth crawler conveyor device, a fifth crawler conveyor device, a sixth crawler conveyor device, a seventh crawler conveyor device, an eighth crawler conveyor device, and a ballast conveying hole controller. The ballast storage box is located on the top of the first ballast box and is used to store ballast particles. The opening of the ballast storage box is located at the bottom of the ballast storage box. The ballast particles in the ballast storage box slide downward through the opening of the ballast storage box under the action of gravity. The particles in the ballast box device are ballast particles with a fixed particle size D of 16 mm; the first crawler conveyor device, the second crawler conveyor device, the third crawler conveyor device, the fourth crawler conveyor device, the fifth crawler conveyor device, the sixth crawler conveyor device, the seventh crawler conveyor device, and the eighth crawler conveyor device are located just below the opening of the ballast storage box to each ballast conveying hole, and are used to accurately convey the ballast particles to the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole; ballast particles fall into the gap under the pillow through the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole; infrared laser detectors are located on both sides of the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole, and are used to control the number of particles falling in each ballast conveying hole;

[0053] The second ballast box includes a ballast storage box, a ballast storage box opening, an infrared laser detector, a first ballast conveying hole, a second ballast conveying hole, a third ballast conveying hole, a fourth ballast conveying hole, a fifth ballast conveying hole, a sixth ballast conveying hole, a seventh ballast conveying hole, an eighth ballast conveying hole, a first crawler conveyor device, a second crawler conveyor device, a third crawler conveyor device, a fourth crawler conveyor device, a fifth crawler conveyor device, a sixth crawler conveyor device, a seventh crawler conveyor device, an eighth crawler conveyor device, and a ballast conveying hole controller. The ballast storage box is located on the top of the second ballast box and is used to store ballast particles. The ballast storage box opening is located at the bottom of the ballast storage box. The ballast particles in the ballast storage box slide down through the ballast storage box opening under the action of gravity. The particles in the ballast box device are ballast particles with a fixed particle size D of 16 mm. The first crawler conveyor device, the second crawler conveyor device, the third crawler conveyor device, the fourth crawler conveyor device, the fifth crawler conveyor device, the sixth crawler conveyor device, the seventh crawler conveyor device, and the eighth crawler conveyor device are located below the ballast storage box and are used to accurately convey the ballast particles to the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, and the eighth crawler conveyor device. hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole; ballast particles fall into the gap under the pillow through the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole; infrared laser detectors are located on both sides of the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole, and are used to control the number of particles falling in each ballast conveying hole;

[0054] The ballast hole controller is located below the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth ballast holes and is used to control the on / off status of each ballast hole. The infrared laser detector consists of an infrared laser transmitter and an infrared laser receiver. The infrared laser transmitter emits infrared light to the infrared laser receiver. When particles fall from the tracked conveyor into the ballast hole, the infrared laser is blocked, preventing the infrared laser receiver from receiving the laser signal. When the particles have completely fallen from the ballast hole, the infrared laser receiver receives the laser signal again, and the count is set to 1. This count is repeated and the signal is transmitted to the signal control device. When the set number of ballast particles is reached, the signal control device stops the corresponding tracked conveyor and the ballast hole controller closes the corresponding ballast hole.

[0055] The maximum number of ballast particles n that can be output by the ballast delivery hole device under a specific effective track lifting amount maxCalculated by the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] Where i is 1, 2, 3, 4, which are the corresponding levels of each ballast delivery hole device under the corresponding effective track lifting amount (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm). imax The number of particles delivered by each ballast delivery hole device at the corresponding effective track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); N imax M is the number of particles delivered by the ballast delivery box device at the corresponding track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); i is the total mass of particles transported by the ballast transport box device at the corresponding track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); V0 is the volume of a single ballast particle in the ballast transport box device; ρ B is the optimal density of the roadbed under long-term train load, which is 70%; ρ0 is the ballast particle density, which is 2700 kg / m 3 ; V i is the spatial volume of the effective area at the bottom of the sleeper under the corresponding track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); e is the effective contact area of ​​the particles at the bottom of the sleeper on one side, which is 0.34m 2 ;h i It is the starting height (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm).

[0058] The minimum number of ballast particles output by the ballast delivery hole device n min Calculated as follows:

[0059] The discrete element software was used to build a proportional trackbed model and a stabilization operation model to simulate track lifting and stabilization operations. First, the track lifting operation was simulated by lifting the sleeper 40mm. Then, the number of particles N was generated at each ballast delivery hole position. i Then, the stabilization operation simulation is carried out in the numerical model, and the roadbed settlement value C after the stabilization operation is recorded. i , and calculate the difference H between the sleeper height after stabilization operation and the sleeper height before starting i Reset the model and repeat the calculation, i=1,2,3,4,5. Based on N1-N5 and H1-H5, draw a scatter plot between the number of particles N and the final effective lifting height H of the sleeper, and perform curve fitting. The number of particles N generated when the sleeper lifting height is 2mm, 5mm, 8mm, and 10mm is obtained through the fitting function. 1min 、N 2min 、N 3min 、N 4min , round up and calculate n 1min =[N 1min ]、n2min =[N 2min ]、n 3min =[N 3min ]、n 4min =[N 4min ], and obtain the minimum number n of particles output from a single ballast hole 1min 、n 2min 、n 3min 、n 4min .

[0060] The number of ballast particles output by each ballast delivery hole device in the ballast delivery box device is calculated using the following formula:

[0061] n imin ≤n i ≤n imax (2)

[0062] In the formula, i is taken as 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are the corresponding levels of each ballast conveying hole device under the corresponding effective track lifting amount (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm).

[0063] The first ballast box and the second ballast box are connected to the sleeper body through the sleeper end anchoring device and the sleeper bottom anchoring device. After the track lifting operation, the granular sleeper is powered by the power storage device, the effective track lifting height is set by the effective track lifting amount setting switch or the wireless transmission device, and the signal control device is used to control the first ballast box and the second ballast box to output the corresponding number of ballast particles, thereby effectively improving the line geometry and ensuring the safe operation of the train.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] See also Figure 1-6 In this embodiment 2, a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repairs on high-speed railway ballasted tracks is provided, comprising a sleeper body 1, a power storage device 2, a signal control device 3, an effective track lift setting switch 4, a wireless transmission device 5, a sleeper end anchoring device 6, a sleeper bottom anchoring device 7, a first ballast box 8, and a second ballast box 9;

[0066] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the signal control device 3 is located at the top of the sleeper body 1 and at the end of the sleeper; the power storage device 2 is located at the top of the sleeper body 1 and next to the signal control device 3, and is connected to the signal control device 3, the first ballast box 8, and the second ballast box 9; the effective track lifting amount setting switch 4 is located at the top of the sleeper body 1 and next to the signal control device 3; the wireless transmission device 5 is located at the top of the sleeper body 1 and next to the signal control device 3, the first ballast box 8 is located at the bottom of the sleeper body 1 and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper; the second ballast box 9 is located at the bottom of the sleeper body 1 and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper;

[0067] In the embodiment, the power storage device 2 is used to supply power to the signal control device 3, the effective track lifting amount setting switch 4, the wireless transmission device 5, the first ballast box 8, and the second ballast box 9, and can be connected to an external power supply for regular charging; the effective track lifting amount setting switch 4 is used to set the effective track lifting amount level; the wireless transmission device 5 is used to connect to external electronic equipment to remotely control the effective track lifting amount setting switch 4 and the signal control device 3; the signal control device 3 is used to control the working switch status of the first ballast box 8 and the second ballast box 9.

[0068] In an embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the sleeper end anchoring device 6 includes: a sleeper end anchor bolt 10, a sleeper end anchor nut 11, and a sleeper end anchor ring handle 12. The sleeper end anchor ring handle 12 is located on both sides of the first ballast box 8 and the second ballast box 9. It is a ring handle structure and is connected to the sleeper end anchor bolt 10 and the sleeper end anchor nut 11 to fix the first ballast box 8 and the second ballast box 9 to the sleeper body 1.

[0069] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the sleeper bottom anchoring device 7 includes: a sleeper bottom anchoring bolt 13, a sleeper bottom anchoring nut 14, and a sleeper bottom anchoring ring handle 15. The sleeper end anchoring ring handle 12 is located on both sides of the first ballast box 8 and the second ballast box 9. It is a ring handle structure and is connected to the sleeper bottom anchoring bolt 13 and the sleeper bottom anchoring nut 14 to fix the first ballast box 8 and the second ballast box 9 to the sleeper body 1.

[0070] In this embodiment, if Figure 4-6 As shown, the first ballast box 8 and the second ballast box 9 include a ballast storage box 16, a ballast storage box opening 17, an infrared laser detector 18, a first ballast conveying hole 21, a second ballast conveying hole 22, a third ballast conveying hole 23, a fourth ballast conveying hole 24, a fifth ballast conveying hole 25, a sixth ballast conveying hole 26, a seventh ballast conveying hole 27, an eighth ballast conveying hole 28, a first crawler conveyor device 31, a second crawler conveyor device 32, a third crawler conveyor device 33, a fourth crawler conveyor device 34, a fifth crawler conveyor device 35, a sixth crawler conveyor device 36, a seventh crawler conveyor device 37, an eighth crawler conveyor device 38, and a ballast conveying hole controller 20.

[0071] In this embodiment, the ballast storage box 16 is located on the top of the first ballast box 8 and is used to store ballast particles. A ballast storage box opening 17 is provided at the bottom of the ballast storage box 16. The ballast particles inside the ballast storage box 16 slide downward through the ballast storage box opening 17 under the action of gravity. The particles in the ballast storage box 16 are ballast particles with a fixed particle size D of 16 mm; the first crawler conveyor 31, the second crawler conveyor 32, the third crawler conveyor 33, the fourth crawler conveyor 34, the fifth crawler conveyor 35, the sixth crawler conveyor 36, the seventh crawler conveyor 37, and the eighth crawler conveyor 38 are located directly below the ballast storage box opening 17 and are used to accurately convey the ballast particles to the first ballast conveying hole 21, the second ballast conveying hole 22, and the third ballast conveying hole 23, the fourth ballast conveying hole 24, the fifth ballast conveying hole 25, the sixth ballast conveying hole 26, the seventh ballast conveying hole 27, and the eighth ballast conveying hole 28; ballast particles pass through the first ballast conveying hole 21, the second ballast conveying hole 22, the third ballast conveying hole 23, the fourth ballast conveying hole 24, the fifth ballast conveying hole 25, the sixth ballast conveying hole 26, and the seventh ballast conveying hole 27 , the eighth ballast delivery hole 28 falls into the gap under the pillow; the infrared laser detector 18 is located on both sides of the first ballast delivery hole 21, the second ballast delivery hole 22, the third ballast delivery hole 23, the fourth ballast delivery hole 24, the fifth ballast delivery hole 25, the sixth ballast delivery hole 26, the seventh ballast delivery hole 27, and the eighth ballast delivery hole 28, and is used to count the number of particles falling in each ballast delivery hole;

[0072] In this embodiment, if Figure 4-6 As shown, the second ballast box 9 includes a ballast storage box 16, a ballast storage box opening 17, an infrared laser detector 18, a first ballast conveying hole 21, a second ballast conveying hole 22, a third ballast conveying hole 23, a fourth ballast conveying hole 24, a fifth ballast conveying hole 25, a sixth ballast conveying hole 26, a seventh ballast conveying hole 27, an eighth ballast conveying hole 28, a first crawler conveyor device 31, a second crawler conveyor device 32, a third crawler conveyor device 33, a fourth crawler conveyor device 34, a fifth crawler conveyor device 35, a sixth crawler conveyor device 36, a seventh crawler conveyor device 37, an eighth crawler conveyor device 38, and a ballast conveying hole controller 20.

[0073] In this embodiment, the ballast storage box 16 is located at the top of the second ballast box 9 and is used to store ballast particles. The ballast storage box opening 17 is located at the bottom of the ballast storage box 16. The ballast particles in the ballast storage box 16 slide downward through the ballast storage box opening 17 under the action of gravity. The particles in the ballast box device are ballast particles with a fixed particle size D of 16 mm; the first crawler conveyor 31, the second crawler conveyor 32, the third crawler conveyor 33, the fourth crawler conveyor 34, the fifth crawler conveyor 35, the sixth crawler conveyor 36, the seventh crawler conveyor 37, and the eighth crawler conveyor 38 are located below the ballast storage box opening 17 and are used to accurately convey the ballast particles to the first ballast conveying hole 21, the second ballast conveying hole 22, and the third ballast conveying hole 23, the fourth ballast conveying hole 24, the fifth ballast conveying hole 25, the sixth ballast conveying hole 26, the seventh ballast conveying hole 27, and the eighth ballast conveying hole 28; ballast particles pass through the first ballast conveying hole 21, the second ballast conveying hole 22, the third ballast conveying hole 23, the fourth ballast conveying hole 24, the fifth ballast conveying hole 25, the sixth ballast conveying hole 26, and the seventh ballast conveying hole 27 , the eighth ballast delivery hole 28 falls into the gap under the pillow; the infrared laser detector 18 is located on both sides of the first ballast delivery hole 21, the second ballast delivery hole 22, the third ballast delivery hole 23, the fourth ballast delivery hole 24, the fifth ballast delivery hole 25, the sixth ballast delivery hole 26, the seventh ballast delivery hole 27, and the eighth ballast delivery hole 28, and is used to control the number of particles falling in each ballast delivery hole;

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the ballast conveying hole controller 20 is located below the first ballast conveying hole 21, the second ballast conveying hole 22, the third ballast conveying hole 23, the fourth ballast conveying hole 24, the fifth ballast conveying hole 25, the sixth ballast conveying hole 26, the seventh ballast conveying hole 27, and the eighth ballast conveying hole 28, and is used to control the switching status of each ballast conveying hole.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the infrared laser detector 18 includes an infrared laser transmitter 101 and an infrared laser receiver 102 .

[0076] In this embodiment, the infrared laser emitter 101 emits infrared light to the infrared laser receiver 102. When particles fall from the crawler conveyor into the ballast conveying hole, the infrared laser is blocked, and the infrared laser receiver 102 cannot receive the laser signal. When the particles have completely fallen from the ballast conveying hole, the infrared laser receiver 102 receives the laser signal again, and the count is 1. The count is repeated and the signal is transmitted to the signal control device 3. When the set number of ballast particles is reached, the signal control device 3 controls the corresponding crawler conveyor to stop operation, and the ballast conveying hole controller 20 closes the corresponding ballast conveying hole.

[0077] In this embodiment, if Figure 9-11 As shown, under a specific effective track lift, the maximum number of ballast particles output by the first ballast delivery hole 21, the second ballast delivery hole 22, the third ballast delivery hole 23, the fourth ballast delivery hole 24, the fifth ballast delivery hole 25, the sixth ballast delivery hole 26, the seventh ballast delivery hole 27, and the eighth ballast delivery hole 28 is n. max Calculated by the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] Where i is 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are the corresponding levels of each ballast conveying hole device under the corresponding effective track lifting amount (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, and 10mm). imax The number of particles delivered by each ballast delivery hole device at the corresponding effective track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); N imax M is the number of particles delivered by the ballast delivery box device at the corresponding track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); i is the total mass of particles transported by the ballast transport box device at the corresponding track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); V0 is the volume of a single ballast particle in the ballast transport box device; ρ B is the optimal density of the roadbed under long-term train load, which is 70%; ρ0 is the ballast particle density, which is 2700 kg / m 3 ; V i is the spatial volume of the effective area at the bottom of the sleeper under the corresponding track lift (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm); e is the effective contact area of ​​the particles at the bottom of the sleeper on one side, which is 0.34m 2 ;h i It is the starting height (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm).

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7-11 As shown, the minimum number of ballast particles output by the first ballast delivery hole 21, the second ballast delivery hole 22, the third ballast delivery hole 23, the fourth ballast delivery hole 24, the fifth ballast delivery hole 25, the sixth ballast delivery hole 26, the seventh ballast delivery hole 27, and the eighth ballast delivery hole 28 is n min Calculated as follows:

[0081] Discrete element software was used to create a scaled trackbed model and a stabilization operation model to simulate track lifting and stabilization operations. The discrete element model includes the trackbed model 201, the vertical downward force 202 for stabilization operations, the horizontal excitation force 203 for stabilization operations, and the sleeper model 204.

[0082] In this embodiment, the track lifting operation is first simulated, and the sleeper model 204 is lifted 40 mm. Then, the number of particles N is generated at each ballast conveying hole position. i Then, the stabilization operation simulation is carried out in the numerical model, and the roadbed settlement value C after the stabilization operation is recorded. i , and calculate the difference H between the sleeper height after stabilization operation and the sleeper height before starting i . Reset the model and loop the calculation, i=1,2,3,4,5.

[0083] In this embodiment, if Figure 8 As described above, based on N1-N5 and H1-H5, a scatter plot is drawn between the number of particles N and the final effective lifting height H of the sleeper, and a curve fitting is performed. The number of particles N generated when the sleeper lifting height is 2mm, 5mm, 8mm, and 10mm is obtained through the fitting function. 1min 、N 2min 、N 3min 、N 4min , round up and calculate n 1min =[N 1min ]、n 2min =[N 2min ]、n 3min =[N 3min ]、n 4min =[N 4min ], and obtain the minimum number n of particles output from a single ballast hole 1min 、n 2min 、n 3min 、n 4min .

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of ballast particles output by each ballast delivery hole device in the ballast delivery box device is calculated by the following formula:

[0085] n imin ≤n i ≤n imax (2)

[0086] In the formula, i is taken as 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are the corresponding levels of each ballast conveying hole device under the corresponding effective track lifting amount (2mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm).

[0087] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a granular sleeper for reducing the number of maintenance and repair operations on high-speed railway ballasted tracks. By arranging a first ballast box and a second ballast box at the lower part of the sleeper body and arranging a signal control device on the sleeper body, a customized operation process of tamping-free line operation under small track lifting volume is realized, thereby improving the efficiency of line maintenance and repair operations and ensuring the stability of the line. The granular sleeper adopts a power storage device to provide electric energy to the granular sleeper system, and controls the number of ballast particles filling the gaps at the bottom of the sleeper under different track lifting volumes through the first ballast box and the second ballast box, thereby solving the problem of reducing the number of tamping operations on the ballasted track bed of the high-speed railway under small track lifting volume. By using a wireless transmission device, the process of remotely controlling the granular sleeper to adjust the line geometry is realized, which is conducive to reducing the workload of high-speed railway ballasted track maintenance and repair and saving a lot of costs.

[0088] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention without the need for creative work should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations, characterized in that: include: Sleeper body, power storage device, signal control device, effective track lifting amount setting switch, wireless transmission device, sleeper end anchoring device, sleeper bottom anchoring device, first ballast box, second ballast box; The signal control device is located at the top of the sleeper body and at the end of the sleeper; the power storage device is located at the top of the sleeper body and at one side of the signal control device, and is connected to the signal control device, the first ballast box, and the second ballast box; the effective track lifting amount setting switch is located at the top of the sleeper body and at one side of the signal control device; the wireless transmission device is located at the top of the sleeper body and at one side of the signal control device; the first ballast box is located at the bottom of the sleeper body and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper; The second ballast box is located at the bottom of the sleeper body and directly below the effective support area of ​​the sleeper; The first ballast box and the second ballast box each include: a ballast storage box, a ballast storage box opening, a first ballast conveying hole, a second ballast conveying hole, a third ballast conveying hole, a fourth ballast conveying hole, a fifth ballast conveying hole, a sixth ballast conveying hole, a seventh ballast conveying hole, an eighth ballast conveying hole, a first crawler conveyor device, a second crawler conveyor device, a third crawler conveyor device, a fourth crawler conveyor device, a fifth crawler conveyor device, a sixth crawler conveyor device, a seventh crawler conveyor device, and an eighth crawler conveyor device; The ballast storage box is located at the top of the first ballast box, and the opening of the ballast storage box is located at the bottom of the ballast storage box; the first crawler conveyor device, the second crawler conveyor device, the third crawler conveyor device, the fourth crawler conveyor device, the fifth crawler conveyor device, the sixth crawler conveyor device, the seventh crawler conveyor device, and the eighth crawler conveyor device are located directly below the opening of the ballast storage box; the first ballast box and the second ballast box also include: an infrared laser detector and a ballast conveying hole controller; the infrared laser detector is located on both sides of the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole.

2. The granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power storage device is used to supply power to the signal control device, the effective track lifting amount setting switch, the wireless transmission device, the first ballast box, and the second ballast box, and can be connected to an external power supply to regularly charge the power storage device; the effective track lifting amount setting switch is used to set the effective track lifting amount level; the wireless transmission device is used to connect to external electronic equipment to remotely control the effective track lifting amount setting switch and the signal control device; the signal control device is used to control the working switch status of the first ballast box and the second ballast box.

3. The granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeper end anchoring device includes: a sleeper end anchor bolt, a sleeper end anchor nut, and a sleeper end anchor ring handle; the sleeper end anchor ring handle is located on both sides of the first ballast box and the second ballast box, and is connected to the sleeper end anchor bolt and the sleeper end anchor nut, and is used to fix the first ballast box and the second ballast box to the sleeper body.

4. The granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeper bottom anchoring device includes: a sleeper bottom anchoring bolt, a sleeper bottom anchoring nut, and a sleeper bottom anchoring ring handle; the sleeper bottom anchoring ring handle is located on both sides of the first ballast box and the second ballast box, and is connected to the sleeper bottom anchoring bolt and the sleeper bottom anchoring nut, and is used to fix the first ballast box and the second ballast box to the sleeper body.

5. The granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast conveying hole controller is located below the first ballast conveying hole, the second ballast conveying hole, the third ballast conveying hole, the fourth ballast conveying hole, the fifth ballast conveying hole, the sixth ballast conveying hole, the seventh ballast conveying hole, and the eighth ballast conveying hole, and is used to control the switch status of each ballast conveying hole.

6. The granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The infrared laser detector includes an infrared laser transmitter and an infrared laser receiver; The infrared laser emitter emits infrared light to the infrared laser receiver. When the particles fall from the crawler conveyor device into the ballast conveying hole, the infrared laser is blocked. At this time, the infrared laser receiver cannot receive the laser signal. When the particles completely fall from the ballast conveying hole, the infrared laser receiver receives the laser signal again and counts to 1. The counting is repeated and the signal is transmitted to the signal control device. When the set number of ballast particles is reached, the corresponding crawler conveyor device is controlled by the signal control device to stop running, and the ballast conveying hole controller closes the corresponding ballast conveying hole.

7. The granular sleeper for reducing the number of track tamping operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ballast box and the second ballast box are connected to the sleeper body through the sleeper end anchoring device and the sleeper bottom anchoring device. After the track lifting operation, the granular sleeper is powered by the power storage device, the effective track lifting height is set by the effective track lifting amount setting switch or the wireless transmission device, and the first ballast box and the second ballast box are controlled by the signal control device to output the corresponding number of ballast particles.

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