Quantitative decomposition equipment for lithium battery recycling

Abstract

This invention discloses a quantitative decomposition device for lithium battery recycling, comprising a fixedly installed main body with a cavity inside. A feed inlet is located at the top of the main body, and a central shaft is installed inside the main body, connected to a power component. A horizontal support rod is fixedly installed on the side of the central shaft, and a guide plate is fixedly installed at the end of the horizontal support rod away from the central shaft, with the guide plate inclined. A spiral plate is also installed on the outer side of the central shaft, fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod. A perforated separation baffle is detachably installed at the lower end of the cavity inside the main body, and a lower end cover is installed below the separation baffle to seal the lower end of the main body. Lithium battery materials are directly extracted within the main body, and the horizontal support rod keeps the materials in dynamic condition, promoting the mixing of electrolyte and solvent, preventing residual electrolyte in the solid lithium battery material from failing to contact the solvent, and improving the completeness of the extraction reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery dismantling and recycling technology, specifically to a quantitative decomposition device for lithium battery recycling. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are batteries that contain lithium (including metallic lithium, lithium alloys, lithium ions, and lithium polymers) in their electrochemical system. Lithium-ion batteries can be broadly classified into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium metal batteries are typically non-rechargeable and contain metallic lithium. Lithium-ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and are rechargeable.

[0003] Lithium metal batteries are primary batteries that use a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, unlike rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries. In addition to some recyclable metals and electrolytes, lithium metal batteries also contain some hazardous substances, making their recycling crucial. For lithium batteries containing liquid electrolytes, the electrolyte needs to be decomposed and recycled. Common methods include extraction and precipitation. However, during extraction, existing methods are static, and some liquid electrolyte remains in the gaps of the solid parts of the broken lithium battery, making it difficult to contact the solvent and thus hindering effective decomposition. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a quantitative decomposition device for lithium battery recycling.

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is: how to avoid the difficulty in effectively treating the liquid electrolyte of lithium batteries that remains in certain gaps in the solid part of the lithium battery.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A quantitative decomposition device for lithium battery recycling includes a fixedly installed main body with a cavity inside. A feed inlet is located at the top of the main body. A central shaft is installed inside the main body, running along its axial direction and connected to a power assembly for driving its rotation. A horizontal support rod is fixedly installed on the side of the central shaft, with a guide plate fixedly installed at the end of the support rod away from the central shaft. The guide plate is inclined. A spiral plate is also installed on the outer side of the central shaft, fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod. A perforated separation baffle is detachably installed at the lower end of the cavity inside the main body. A lower end cover is installed below the separation baffle to close the lower end of the main body.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the main body of the equipment is installed and fixed by a support frame, one end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the main body of the equipment, and the other end is fixedly connected to the installation position.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: a ridge is fixedly provided on the outer side of the horizontal support rod, and the ridge is arranged along the radial direction of the horizontal support rod.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the edge is located at the position where it collides with the material when the horizontal support rod rotates, and the edge is provided with piercing protrusions.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the power assembly includes a power source and a transmission box. The power source is fixedly mounted on a support, and the support is fixedly connected to the main body of the equipment. The power source drives the transmission box, and the output end of the transmission box is connected to the central shaft.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: a swing plate is provided at the upper end of the main body of the equipment. The middle part of the swing plate is a connecting part sleeved on the outside of the central shaft. Rotating shafts are fixedly provided at both ends of the swing plate. The rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the side wall of the main body of the equipment. A swing block is fixedly provided on the side of the rotating shaft. A driving component is fixedly provided on the main body of the equipment. A driving block is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the driving component. The swing block is located on the trajectory of the driving block when it rotates.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: an upper cover is provided at the upper end of the main body of the device, and the upper cover includes two half-covers.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: a hollowed-out discharge hopper is provided at the lower end of the main body of the equipment. The discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the separation baffle, and the diameter of the lower end of the discharge hopper is smaller than the diameter of its upper end. A matching spiral blade is provided inside the discharge hopper, and the spiral blade is fixedly mounted on the central shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: lithium battery materials are directly extracted within the main body of the equipment, and a horizontal support rod is provided to keep the materials in motion, promoting the mixing of electrolyte and solvent, avoiding the presence of residual electrolyte in the solid lithium battery materials that cannot come into contact with the solvent, and improving the sufficiency of the extraction reaction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the horizontal support rod of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral blade of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the equipment; 2. Central shaft; 3. Power assembly; 4. Horizontal support rod; 5. Guide plate; 6. Spiral plate; 7. Separation baffle; 8. Lower end cover; 9. Swing plate; 10. Swing block; 11. Drive block; 12. Upper end cover; 13. Spiral blade. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention is a quantitative decomposition device for lithium battery recycling, including a fixedly installed device body 1. The device body 1 is installed and fixed by a support frame, that is, one end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the device body 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the installation position. Alternatively, a support leg can be provided at the lower end of the support frame, the support leg is placed on the ground, and a screw structure is provided between the support leg and the support frame to facilitate the adjustment of the level of the device body 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the device body 1 during use. The main body 1 of the equipment has a cavity inside, which serves as a space for the decomposition of lithium battery electrolyte. A feed inlet is provided at the upper end of the main body 1 to feed materials into the cavity inside the main body 1. A central shaft 2 is provided inside the main body 1, which is arranged along the axis of the main body 1 and is connected to a power assembly 3, which drives the central shaft 2 to rotate. A horizontal support rod 4 is fixedly provided on the side of the central shaft 2, and a guide plate 5 is fixedly provided at the end of the horizontal support rod 4 away from the central shaft 2. The guide plate 5 is inclined. A spiral plate 6 is also provided on the outer side of the central shaft 2 and is fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod 4. A hollow separation baffle 7 is detachably installed at the lower end of the cavity inside the main body 1. A lower end cover 8 is provided below the separation baffle 7 to close the lower end of the main body 1.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-4In one embodiment of the present invention, the lithium battery recycling process requires the lithium battery to be crushed as a whole. The existing technology uses a method of solid-liquid separation after crushing, and then the solid material and liquid electrolyte are processed and recycled separately. However, due to the gaps or spaces generated in the lithium battery itself and during its crushing process, the liquid electrolyte will remain in the gaps or spaces. In addition, some electrolyte will adhere to the solid lithium battery material. Thus, this part of the liquid material cannot be processed. Therefore, in this device, the electrolyte solution is decomposed by extraction, and the complete lithium battery material is directly transported to this device for processing after crushing. During use, a measured amount of crushed solid-liquid mixed lithium battery material is fed into the main body 1 of the equipment. Simultaneously, other necessary materials, such as solvents for extraction, are added to the main body 1. The power unit 3 is activated to drive the central shaft 2 to rotate. The central shaft 2 drives the horizontal support rod 4, the spiral plate 6, and the guide plate 5 to rotate. During rotation, the horizontal support rod 4 impacts the solid lithium battery material, causing it to vibrate and preventing electrolyte solution from remaining inside and failing to contact the solvent. The spiral plate 6 and guide plate 5, during rotation, have a driving force on the material, promoting faster mixing and contact between the material and the solvent, thus accelerating the reaction. Specifically, the preferred arrangement of the spiral direction of the spiral plate 6 and the tilt direction of the guide plate 5 is such that both drive the material upwards during rotation, thus creating upward-moving structures at the positions of the spiral plate 6 and guide plate 5. The material flow is not continuous, so the two upward material flows will inevitably interfere with each other and collide, forming complex turbulence to accelerate the reaction. At the same time, the horizontal support rod 4 will impact the two upward material flows, further enhancing the formation of turbulence and improving the sufficiency of the extraction reaction. After extraction, the lower end cover 8 is opened, and the liquid material is discharged through the separation baffle 7. Meanwhile, the horizontal support rod 4 and other structures continue to rotate, keeping the remaining material in a dynamic state. This prevents the separation baffle 7 from being blocked and keeps the solid material constantly agitated, avoiding the presence of liquid residue. After the liquid material is completely discharged, the separation baffle 7 is removed, and the solid material is discharged for subsequent processing. In this way, there will be no situation where liquid electrolyte adheres to the solid part of the lithium battery and cannot be processed.

[0026] Please see Figure 1-4In one embodiment of the present invention, a ridge is fixedly provided on the outer side of the crossbar 4. The ridge is arranged along the radial direction of the crossbar 4. By providing the ridge, the contact area when the crossbar 4 collides with the lithium battery material is reduced, thereby increasing the impact on the material. Specifically, the number of ridges can be one, two, three, or four, etc. When the number of ridges is one, preferably, the ridge is located at the position where the crossbar 4 collides with the material when it rotates; when the number of ridges is four, the four ridges are distributed in a "+" shape, which can also simultaneously strengthen the crossbar 4. Bending resistance; furthermore, when the crossbar 4 rotates, piercing protrusions are provided on the edge of the contact position with the material. By providing piercing protrusions, when the crossbar 4 rotates, the piercing protrusions can pierce the lithium battery material, forming small holes, preventing the formation of closed spaces in the solid lithium battery material and the presence of residual electrolyte solution in them. In this case, in order to prevent the material from adhering to the piercing protrusions, the power component 3 can drive the central shaft 2 to rotate back and forth. This helps the material on the piercing protrusions to detach after colliding with other materials when rotating in the opposite direction.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the power assembly 3 includes a power source and a transmission box. The power source is fixedly mounted on a support, and the support is fixedly connected to the main body 1 of the equipment. The power source drives the transmission box, and the output end of the transmission box is connected to the central shaft 2. In use, the power from the power source is transmitted through the transmission box to drive the central shaft 2 to rotate.

[0028] Please see Figure 1-4 In one embodiment of the present invention, to prevent the material being conveyed into the main body 1 from clumping, a swing plate 9 is provided at the upper end of the main body 1. The middle part of the swing plate 9 is a connecting part sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 2. The connecting part serves as a connection without affecting the rotation of the central shaft 2. Rotating shafts are fixedly provided at both ends of the swing plate 9, and the rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the side wall of the main body 1. A swing block 10 is fixedly provided on the side of the rotating shaft. A driving member is fixedly provided on the main body 1, and a driving block 11 is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the driving member. The swing block 10 is located on the trajectory of the driving block 11 when it rotates. In use, the driving member drives the driving block 11 to rotate. During the rotation of the driving block 11, it intermittently impacts the swing block 10, thereby causing the swing plate 9 to swing continuously inside the main body 1, which serves to initially disperse the material.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-4In one embodiment of the present invention, an upper cover 12 is provided at the upper end of the device body 1, and the upper cover 12 includes two half-covers. In use, the two half-covers are respectively inserted from both sides of the device body 1 toward the center position, the central axis 2 is located at the center position of the upper cover 12, and the two half-covers are joined together to form a complete upper cover 12. Then the two half-covers are fixed respectively, and the upper cover 12 plays a shielding role at the upper end of the device body 1.

[0030] Please see Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, a hollowed-out discharge hopper is provided at the lower end of the main body 1 of the device. The discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the separation baffle 7, and the diameter of the lower end of the discharge hopper is smaller than the diameter of its upper end. A matching spiral blade 13 is provided inside the discharge hopper. The spiral blade 13 is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 2. The discharge hopper increases the area available for solid-liquid separation during discharge and accelerates the discharge. When the discharge is performed, the spiral blade 13 drives the solid material upward to avoid material accumulation and blockage at the lower end. When the solid material is discharged, the spiral blade 13 can be driven to reverse to accelerate the discharge of the material.

[0031] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A quantitative decomposition device for lithium battery recycling, comprising a fixedly installed device body (1), the device body (1) having a cavity inside, characterized in that, The upper end of the main body (1) of the equipment has a feed port. The main body (1) of the equipment has a central shaft (2) inside. The central shaft (2) is set along the axis of the main body (1) and is connected to the power component (3). The power component (3) is used to drive the central shaft (2) to rotate. A horizontal support rod (4) is fixedly set on the side of the central shaft (2). A guide plate (5) is fixedly set on the end of the horizontal support rod (4) away from the central shaft (2). The guide plate (5) is inclined. A spiral plate (6) is also set on the outside of the central shaft (2). The spiral plate (6) is fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod (4). A hollow structure separation baffle (7) is detachably installed at the lower end of the cavity inside the main body (1). A lower end cover (8) is set below the separation baffle (7). The lower end cover (8) is used to close the lower end of the main body (1).

2. The quantitative decomposition apparatus for lithium battery recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the equipment (1) is installed and fixed by a support frame. One end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the main body of the equipment (1), and the other end is fixedly connected to the installation position.

3. The quantitative decomposition equipment for lithium battery recycling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the horizontal support rod (4) is fixedly provided with a ridge edge, which is set along the radial direction of the horizontal support rod (4).

4. The quantitative decomposition apparatus for lithium battery recycling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The edge is set at the position where it collides with the material when the horizontal support rod (4) rotates, and the edge is provided with piercing protrusions.

5. The quantitative decomposition apparatus for lithium battery recycling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power assembly (3) includes a power source and a transmission box. The power source is fixedly mounted on a support, which is fixedly connected to the main body (1) of the equipment. The power source drives the transmission box, and the output end of the transmission box is connected to the central shaft (2).

6. The quantitative decomposition apparatus for lithium battery recycling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the main body (1) of the equipment is also provided with a swing plate (9). The middle part of the swing plate (9) is a connecting part sleeved on the outside of the central shaft (2). Rotating shafts are fixedly provided at both ends of the swing plate (9). The rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the side wall of the main body (1). A swing block (10) is fixedly provided on the side of the rotating shaft. A driving component is fixedly provided on the main body (1). A driving block (11) is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the driving component. The swing block (10) is located on the trajectory of the driving block (11) when it rotates.

7. The quantitative decomposition apparatus for lithium battery recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the main body (1) of the equipment is provided with an upper cover (12), and the upper cover (12) includes two half-covers.

8. The quantitative decomposition apparatus for lithium battery recycling according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The lower end of the main body of the equipment (1) is provided with a hollow structure discharge hopper. The discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the separation baffle (7), and the diameter of the lower end of the discharge hopper is smaller than the diameter of the upper end. Matching spiral blades (13) are provided inside the discharge hopper, and the spiral blades (13) are fixedly set on the central shaft (2).

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