A high power divider / combiner based on transmission line transformer and system

Abstract

The application provides a high-power distribution / synthesizer and system based on a transmission line transformer, the distribution / synthesizer comprising a transmission line transformer TL1, a transmission line transformer TL2, a transmission line transformer TL3, a transmission line transformer TL4, a transmission line transformer TL5, an isolation resistor R12 and a matching capacitor C1; the transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 constitute an impedance transformer of the distribution / synthesizer; the isolation resistor R12 is used for isolating a port P1 and a port P2. The matching capacitor C1 is used for offsetting a residual reactance of the isolation resistor R12 and a lead inductance. The whole distribution / synthesizer synthesizes or divides 2-way power, and has an isolation resistor between the ports, thereby avoiding mutual influence between channels, and all port characteristic impedances are 50, which is convenient for use of a radio frequency system. The distribution / synthesizer can be not segmented in a full frequency band and is flexible in number expansion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of distribution / synthesizer, in particular to a high-power distribution / synthesizer and system based on a transmission line transformer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Common radio, software radio system works in 20MHz-1GHz frequency band range, and for military long-distance scene, such as spread spectrum secure communication, a wideband high-power communication system is required. Limited by the bandwidth-power limit of transistor amplifier device, the power of instantaneous full-band output is in the order of tens of watts, and the current means to obtain greater power output is to divide the working frequency into multiple segments, such as 20MHz-512MHz, 512MHz-1000MHz, but it will bring problems such as increase of device quantity, need of switching, increase of cost, etc. Another method is to use a power distribution / synthesizer. The distribution / synthesizer composed of a transmission line transformer is particularly suitable for applications below 1GHz. Common transmission line transformer forms include twisted pair, coaxial line, and strip line types, each with its applicable scenario. Coaxial line is widely used because of its convenient material selection and wide applicable working frequency. However, due to its complex interconnection topology and limited characteristic impedance options, there is currently no flexible solution.

[0003] The distribution / synthesizer composed of a transmission line transformer is mainly limited by the number of synthesis channels and the working frequency band.

[0004] The number of synthesis channels is limited for many reasons. The fundamental reason is that the transmission line relies on 1:1 basic circuit for expansion, and the impedance transformation ratio is the square of the number of turns. Since the distribution / synthesizer composed of a transmission line transformer is realized by adding and subtracting the port current and voltage to be synthesized in a certain proportion through various topologies, the power is synthesized. The multiple of addition and subtraction depends on the topology, and through single or multi-stage impedance transformation circuit, the synthesized port impedance is transformed to 50Ω, realizing impedance matching with the system circuit to prevent power reflection due to mismatch. Commonly used impedance transformation circuits are 4:1(2 2 ), 9:1(3 2 ), and so on. Among them, 4:1 is the most commonly used, which can convert 12.5Ω to 50Ω within a wide bandwidth. Because 12.5Ω corresponds to 4 channels of synthesis, the common transmission line transformer distribution / synthesizer is usually one-to-four or four-to-one, greatly limiting the design flexibility of the system architecture.

[0005] The working frequency band is mainly limited by the conflict between the leakage current, parasitic parameters, and characteristic impedance. At low frequencies, current will directly leak from the surface of the coaxial line to the ground, and cannot form an effective transmission line coupled current pair, so a large inductance is required at low frequencies to suppress the leakage current on the surface.

[0006] But the inductance after increasing will form resonance with the coaxial line parasitic capacitance at high frequency, limiting the use of high frequency. In the actual winding of the transformer, the turns will form capacitive coupling between each other, and the inter-wire coupling capacitance value is shown in the following formula:

[0007]

[0008] In the formula, l is the wire length, d is the wire spacing, and a is the wire diameter. Therefore, the longer the wire length, the thicker the wire diameter, and the more densely the winding, the greater the inter-wire capacitance. When the working frequency is low, the inter-wire capacitance has little effect, but when the frequency exceeds 10MHz, this phenomenon will become the dominant factor, resulting in a decrease in port impedance or the formation of a resonance circuit with the inductance of the coil itself, causing the insertion loss of some frequency points to deteriorate rapidly. This phenomenon is more pronounced when the combined power increases. High power leads to thicker cables and magnetic cores, increasing the size of the entire circuit. At higher frequencies, the large size will introduce undesirable distributed parameters, such as larger inter-wire coupling capacitance and capacitance to ground.

[0009] In addition, the characteristic impedance of the coaxial transmission line is discrete and limited, but it must satisfy the square root relationship of the impedance at both ends of the transformation, so the available transformation method is limited. If the impedance has some deviation, it will affect the performance of the transformation.

[0010] The impedance mismatch of the port will cause the synthesized radio frequency power amplifier to be mismatched, affecting its normal working state, causing the operating point to change, the output power to decrease, or self-oscillation and damage.

[0011] In summary, for the power distribution / synthesis in the frequency band of 20MHz-1GHz, the segmented implementation method involves additional equipment, higher cost and complex control, so the problem of full-band non-segmented synthesis and flexible number of paths needs to be solved. SUMMARY

[0012] The present application aims to provide a large power distribution / synthesizer and system based on a transmission line transformer to solve the problem of full-band non-segmented synthesis and flexible number of paths.

[0013] The present application provides a large power distribution / synthesizer based on a transmission line transformer, comprising a transmission line transformer TL1, a transmission line transformer TL2, a transmission line transformer TL3, a transmission line transformer TL4, a transmission line transformer TL5, an isolation resistor R12 and a matching capacitor C1.

[0014] Port P1 connects port 1 of isolation resistor R12 and port 3 of transmission line transformer TL1; port P2 connects port 2 of isolation resistor R12 and port 3 of transmission line transformer TL2; matching capacitor C1 is connected in parallel across isolation resistor R12; port 4 of transmission line transformer TL1 is connected to port 2 of transmission line transformer TL2, and port 4 of transmission line transformer TL2 is connected to port 2 of transmission line transformer TL1; port 1 of transmission line transformer TL1 and port 1 of transmission line transformer TL2 are connected, and the connection is marked as point A;

[0015] Port 1 of transmission line transformer TL3 and port 1 of transmission line transformer TL5 are connected, and the connection is marked as point B; point A and point B are connected; port 2 of transmission line transformer TL3, port 2 of transmission line transformer TL4 and port 4 of transmission line transformer TL5 are connected; port 3 of transmission line transformer TL3 and port 1 of transmission line transformer TL4 are connected; port 4 of transmission line transformer TL3, port 3 and port 4 of transmission line transformer TL4 and port 3 of transmission line transformer TL4 are all grounded; port 2 of transmission line transformer TL5 is connected to port P3.

[0016] Optionally, the transmission line transformers TL1 and TL2 and the transmission line transformers TL3, TL4 and TL5 are composed of coaxial lines.

[0017] Optionally, the coaxial lines of the transmission line transformers TL1 and TL2 have a length of L1, the coaxial lines of the transmission line transformers TL3, TL4 and TL5 have a length of L2, and L1≠L2; the core and the shell of each coaxial line form a 1:1 transmission line transformer, the core of the coaxial line has port 1 and port 2 at two ends respectively, and the shell has port 3 and port 4 at two ends respectively.

[0018] Optionally, the transmission line transformers TL1 and TL2 are wound on different magnetic cores or the same magnetic core.

[0019] Optionally, the transmission line transformers TL3, TL4 and TL5 are all wound on a magnetic core.

[0020] Optionally, the transmission line transformers TL3 and TL5 are both wound on a magnetic core, and the transmission line transformer TL4 is not wound on a magnetic core.

[0021] Optionally, the isolation resistor is a high-power resistor capable of working at a radio frequency, has a self-cooling flange and is installed on a metal carrier plate.

[0022] The application further provides a high-power distribution / synthesis system based on a transmission line transformer, comprising one high-power distributor based on a transmission line transformer and one high-power synthesizer based on a transmission line transformer; two output ports of the high-power distributor based on a transmission line transformer are connected to input ports of the high-power synthesizer based on a transmission line transformer through radio frequency power amplifiers; and the high-power distributor based on a transmission line transformer and the high-power synthesizer based on a transmission line transformer are the high-power distribution / synthesis device based on a transmission line transformer as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

[0023] The application further provides a high-power distribution / synthesis system based on a transmission line transformer, comprising three high-power distributors based on a transmission line transformer and three high-power synthesizers based on a transmission line transformer; two output ports of one high-power distributor based on a transmission line transformer are connected to input ports of two high-power distributors based on a transmission line transformer; two output ports of the two high-power distributors based on a transmission line transformer are connected to input ports of two high-power synthesizers based on a transmission line transformer through radio frequency power amplifiers; and output ports of the two high-power synthesizers based on a transmission line transformer are connected to two input ports of one high-power synthesizer based on a transmission line transformer.

[0024] In summary, the application has the following advantages:

[0025] The application provides a high-power distribution / synthesis device capable of covering a 20MHz-1GHz frequency band and having a distribution / synthesis power greater than 300W. The same circuit is used to cover the 20MHz-1GHz frequency band, and the entire frequency band is matched with a 50Ω system and handles radio frequency power exceeding 300W. The distribution / synthesis device can be expanded to form a 2-way, 4-way or 8-way distribution / synthesis system. Therefore, the distribution / synthesis device can be used to synthesize the entire frequency band without segmentation and the number of ways can be flexibly expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation on the scope. Other related drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the high-power distribution / synthesis device based on a transmission line transformer in the embodiments of the application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a high-power splitter / combiner based on a transmission line transformer implemented using a coaxial line in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the isolation resistor and the matching capacitor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the coaxial line in the transmission line transformer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a simulation diagram of a high-power divider / combiner in the 20 MHz to 1 GHz frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-power distribution / combination system based on two transmission line transformers according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-power distribution / combination system based on four transmission line transformers in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a high-power splitter / combiner based on a transmission line transformer, including a transmission line transformer TL1, a transmission line transformer TL2, a transmission line transformer TL3, a transmission line transformer TL4, a transmission line transformer TL5, an isolation resistor R12 and a matching capacitor C1;

[0038] Port P1 connects port 1 of isolation resistor R12 and port 3 of transmission line transformer TL1; port P2 connects port 2 of isolation resistor R12 and port 3 of transmission line transformer TL2; matching capacitor C1 is connected in parallel across isolation resistor R12; port 4 of transmission line transformer TL1 is connected to port 2 of transmission line transformer TL2, and port 4 of transmission line transformer TL2 is connected to port 2 of transmission line transformer TL1; port 1 of transmission line transformer TL1 and port 1 of transmission line transformer TL2 are connected, and the connection is marked as point A;

[0039] Port 1 of transmission line transformer TL3 and port 1 of transmission line transformer TL5 are connected, and the connection is marked as point B; point A and point B are connected; port 2 of transmission line transformer TL3, port 2 of transmission line transformer TL4 and port 4 of transmission line transformer TL5 are connected; port 3 of transmission line transformer TL3 and port 1 of transmission line transformer TL4 are connected; port 4 of transmission line transformer TL3, port 3 and port 4 of transmission line transformer TL4 and port 3 of transmission line transformer TL4 are all grounded; port 2 of transmission line transformer TL5 is connected to port P3.

[0040] The transmission line transformer-based high-power divider / combiner is a three-port device, when used as a combiner, port P1 and port P2 are input ports of the combiner, and port P3 is an output port of the combiner; when used as a divider, port P1 and port P2 are output ports of the divider, and port P3 is an input port of the divider; transmission line transformer TL3, transmission line transformer TL4 and transmission line transformer TL5 constitute an impedance transformer of the divider / combiner; isolation resistor R12 is used to isolate port P1 and port P2. Matching capacitor C1 is used to offset the residual reactance of isolation resistor R12 and the lead inductance. The entire divider / combiner combines or divides 2-way power, and the ports have isolation resistors to avoid mutual influence between channels, and all port characteristic impedances are 50, which is convenient for use in radio frequency systems.

[0041] Transmission line transformers can have many forms, and different frequency bands can select different transformers. The present embodiment is for the frequency band range of 20MHz-1GHz, and the most suitable way is coaxial line. Therefore, the transmission line transformer TL1, the transmission line transformer TL2, the transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 are composed of coaxial lines. Figure 2As shown, the coaxial line length of the transmission line transformer TL1 and the transmission line transformer TL2 is L1, the coaxial line length of the transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 is L2, L1≠L2; the core and the shell of each coaxial line form a 1:1 transmission line transformer, the core of the coaxial line has the port 1 and the port 2 at two ends respectively, and the shell has the port 3 and the port 4 at two ends respectively.

[0042] For the output power P of a single transmission line transformer out :

[0043]

[0044] Wherein, E is the source voltage, R L is the load resistance, i.e. the characteristic impedance of the load, R g is the source resistance, i.e. the characteristic impedance of the source, l is the line length of the transmission line, β is the phase constant, Z is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line transformer, and the maximum transmission condition of the power is:

[0045]

[0046] Therefore, according to the above formula, the characteristic impedance of each stage transmission line transformer of the synthesizer is selected according to the impedance to be transformed at both ends of the transmission line transformer.

[0047] When used as a synthesizer, the working principle of the above-mentioned high-power distribution / synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer is as follows:

[0048] When the input signal flows through the port 1 of the isolation resistor R12, the same signal is input to the port P2, and the same voltage is formed at the port 2 of the isolation resistor R12, so no current flows through the isolation resistor R12. The signal flows into the port 3 of the transmission line transformer TL1 and flows out from the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL1 and enters the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL2.

[0049] When the input signal flows through the port 2 of the isolation resistor R12, the same voltage as the port 1 is formed at the port 2 of the isolation resistor R12, so no current flows through the isolation resistor R12. The signal flows into the port 3 of the transmission line transformer TL2 and flows out from the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL2 and enters the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL1.

[0050] The current flowing from the port 2 to the port 1 in the transmission line transformer TL1 and the transmission line transformer TL2 is synthesized at point A, the current becomes 2 times, and the corresponding impedance is reduced to 25Ω. The transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 between the point B and the port P3 form an impedance transformer with a transformation ratio of 1:2, which raises the reduced impedance to 50Ω and then outputs.

[0051] Transmission line transformer TL1 and transmission line transformer TL2 can be wound on different magnetic cores, or wound on the same magnetic core. Figure 2 In the case of transmission line transformer TL1 and transmission line transformer TL2 wound on the same magnetic core (Fer1), the magnetic flux of the same direction in the magnetic core can enhance the magnetic inductance of the main and auxiliary coils of the transmission line transformer, reduce the number of turns, and reduce the coupling capacitance, thereby expanding the highest working frequency.

[0052] Transmission line transformer TL3 and transmission line transformer TL5 play a main impedance transformation role and must be wound on the magnetic core (Fer2, Fer3), while transmission line transformer TL4 functions as phase compensation and has no corresponding voltage drop thereon. In the case of ensuring that transmission line transformer TL3, transmission line transformer TL4 and transmission line transformer TL5 are equal in length, transmission line transformer TL4 can not be wound on the magnetic core, so as to save cost.

[0053] When the power of port P1 is consistent with the power of port P2, the voltages generated by port P1 and port P2 are the same, and no power is consumed on isolation resistor R12. At this time, isolation resistor R12 is equivalent to nonexistence, and does not affect the working of the circuit. When the power of port P1 and port P2 is inconsistent, the difference in power is dissipated on isolation resistor R12, avoiding the mutual interference of power between the two ports and achieving the effect of isolation. Since the input power of port P1 and port P2 is about 200W each, the unbalanced power between the ports needs to be dissipated on the isolation resistor, and therefore the isolation resistor needs to be selected as a high-power resistor capable of working at a radio frequency, with a built-in heat dissipation flange and installed on a metal carrier plate. In an extreme case, for example, one port has no input and only one port has a 200W power input. At this time, more than 100W of power is dissipated on isolation resistor R12, and therefore the withstand power of isolation resistor 12 must be sufficient.

[0054] Matching capacitor C1 is a capacitor for compensating the parasitic parameters of isolation resistor R12. Generally, when the working frequency is low, compensation is not required, but when the frequency rises to about 1GHz, the synthetic loss caused by the parasitic parameters increases, and the equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 3 . Figure 3 In the case, Ls is the lead inductance of isolation resistor 12, and Cp is the capacitance to ground, and their values increase with the increase of frequency, affecting the series impedance and the impedance to ground. Increasing matching capacitor C1 compensates the parasitic parameters of the two parts, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the high end of the frequency.

[0055] Transmission line transformer made of coaxial line will face leakage current at low frequency, and will face parasitic capacitance, joint discontinuity and other influences at high frequency. When the working frequency is reduced to the equivalent electric length of the coaxial line compared with its physical length, the shell current of the coaxial line is directly shunted to the ground by the skin; when the frequency gradually increases, the impedance generated by the distributed capacitance between the shell of the coaxial line and the ground gradually decreases, and will also shunt the signal of the outer conductor to the ground. Therefore, special attention should be paid to verifying its usability at both high and low frequencies. In actual design, the model of the coaxial line in the transmission line should use the model as shown in Figure 4 . Figure 4 In the formula, L p is the equivalent parallel inductance. C p is the equivalent parallel capacitance, Z sc is the equivalent impedance generated by the core characteristics. This equivalent impedance needs to consider the complex permeability, so its value will change with the frequency, which can be calculated by the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, ω is the angular frequency, which is related to the working frequency, L0 is the inductance of the coaxial line itself, μ is the real part of the equivalent complex permeability, and μ' is the imaginary part of the equivalent complex permeability.

[0058] When this model is applied to the design and simulation of the transmission line transformer, special attention should be paid to the performance change trend at high and low frequencies, and the parameters of L p and Z sc are adjusted by adjusting the length of the coaxial line, the permeability and shape of the core, so as to achieve the required working frequency. Figure 5 The simulation results of the distribution / synthesizer are shown in the table. From the simulation results, it can be seen that the insertion loss of the entire 20MHz-1GHz frequency band is less than 0.4dB, and the isolation and return loss are both less than-20dB.

[0059] As can be seen, the present application fully considers the high-frequency parasitic parameters of the coaxial line and the isolation resistor, and establishes a wideband model for simulation, so that the distribution / synthesizer realized thereby can work in the 20MHz-1GHz frequency band. By designing a suitable transformer topology, a two-in-one distribution / synthesizer is realized, each path has a power greater than 200W, and the synthesized output is greater than 300W. It can be connected in series with a four-in-one circuit to form a flexible synthesis path configuration. The isolation between the synthesis ports makes the synthesized radio frequency amplifier work stably. The synthesis impedance is transformed into 50Ω by using a 2:1 transmission line transformer, one of which is a coaxial line as a phase compensation, avoiding additional loss caused by phase delay in the high frequency band. The entire frequency band is well matched with the 50Ω system, and the synthesized output power is more than 300W.

[0060] The above-mentioned high-power distribution / synthesis system based on the transmission line transformer can realize 2-way, 4-way, 8-way, …, 2 N way distribution / synthesis system:

[0061] The high-power distribution / synthesis system based on the transmission line transformer of 2-way includes one high-power distributor based on the transmission line transformer and one high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer; two output ports of the high-power distributor based on the transmission line transformer are connected to the input ports of the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer through radio frequency power amplifiers. As shown in the figure, specifically: Figure 6

[0062] The port P1 of the high-power distributor based on the transmission line transformer is connected to the port P1 of the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer through the radio frequency power amplifier A1; the port P2 of the high-power distributor based on the transmission line transformer is connected to the port P2 of the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer through the radio frequency power amplifier A2; the port P3 of the high-power distributor based on the transmission line transformer is the input port of the system, and the port P3 of the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer is the output port of the system.

[0063] The high-power distribution / synthesis system based on the transmission line transformer of 4-way includes three high-power distributors based on the transmission line transformer and three high-power synthesizers based on the transmission line transformer; two output ports of one high-power distributor based on the transmission line transformer are connected to the input ports of two high-power distributors based on the transmission line transformer; two output ports of two high-power distributors based on the transmission line transformer are connected to the input ports of two high-power synthesizers based on the transmission line transformer through radio frequency power amplifiers; the output ports of two high-power synthesizers based on the transmission line transformer are connected to the input ports of one high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer. As shown in the figure, specifically: Figure 7

[0064] The port P1 of the distributor Divider1 is connected to the port P3 of the distributor Divider2, the port P1 of the distributor Divider2 is connected to the port P1 of the synthesizer Combiner2 through the radio frequency power amplifier A1, the port P2 of the distributor Divider2 is connected to the port P2 of the synthesizer Combiner2 through the radio frequency power amplifier A2; the port P3 of the synthesizer Combiner2 is connected to the port P1 of the synthesizer Combiner1;

[0065] ​​The port P2 of the divider Divider 1 is connected to the port P3 of the divider Divider 3, the port P1 of the divider Divider 3 is connected to the port P1 of the combiner Combiner 3 through the radio frequency power amplifier A3, and the port P2 of the divider Divider 3 is connected to the port P2 of the combiner Combiner 3 through the radio frequency power amplifier A4; the port P3 of the combiner Combiner 3 is connected to the port P2 of the combiner Combiner 1.

[0066] The port P3 of the divider Divider 1 is the input port of the system, and the port P3 of the combiner Combiner 1 is the output port of the system.

[0067] By analogy, an 8-way, …, 2 N way distribution / combination system can be realized.

[0068] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art based on the spirit and principles of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner, characterized in that, The transmission line transformer TL1, the transmission line transformer TL2, the transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4, the transmission line transformer TL5, the isolation resistor R12 and the matching capacitor C1 are included. The port P1 is connected with the port 1 of the isolation resistor R12 and the port 3 of the transmission line transformer TL1; the port P2 is connected with the port 2 of the isolation resistor R12 and the port 3 of the transmission line transformer TL2; the matching capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the two ends of the isolation resistor R12; the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL1 is connected with the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL2, and the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL2 is connected with the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL1; the port 1 of the transmission line transformer TL1 is connected with the port 1 of the transmission line transformer TL2, and the connection is marked as point A; The port 1 of the transmission line transformer TL3 is connected with the port 1 of the transmission line transformer TL5, and the connection is marked as point B; the point A is connected with the point B; the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL3, the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL4 and the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL5 are connected; the port 3 of the transmission line transformer TL3 is connected with the port 1 of the transmission line transformer TL4; the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL3, the port 3 and the port 4 of the transmission line transformer TL4 and the port 3 of the transmission line transformer TL4 are all grounded; the port 2 of the transmission line transformer TL5 is connected with the port P3.

2. The transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner of claim 1, wherein, The transmission line transformer TL1, the transmission line transformer TL2, the transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 are composed of coaxial lines.

3. The transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner of claim 2, wherein, The length of the coaxial line of the transmission line transformer TL1 and the transmission line transformer TL2 is L1, the length of the coaxial line of the transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 is L2, and L1≠L2; the core and the shell of each coaxial line form a 1:1 transmission line transformer, the two ends of the core of the coaxial line are the port 1 and the port 2 of the transmission line transformer respectively, and the two ends of the shell are the port 3 and the port 4 of the transmission line transformer respectively.

4. The transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner of claim 3, wherein, The transmission line transformer TL1 and the transmission line transformer TL2 are wound on different magnetic cores or the same magnetic core.

5. The transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner of claim 3, wherein, The transmission line transformer TL3, the transmission line transformer TL4 and the transmission line transformer TL5 are all wound on magnetic cores.

6. The transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner of claim 3, wherein, The transmission line transformer TL3 and the transmission line transformer TL5 are both wound on magnetic cores, and the transmission line transformer TL4 is not wound on a magnetic core.

7. The transmission line transformer based high power divider / combiner of claim 1, wherein, The isolation resistor is a high-power resistor capable of working at a radio frequency, has a self-cooling flange and is installed on a metal carrier plate.

8. A high power distribution / composition system based on a transmission line transformer, characterized in that, The high-power divider based on the transmission line transformer and the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer are included; the two output ports of the high-power divider based on the transmission line transformer are connected with the input port of the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer through radio frequency power amplifiers; the high-power divider based on the transmission line transformer and the high-power synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer are both the high-power divider / synthesizer based on the transmission line transformer as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A high power distribution / composition system based on a transmission line transformer, characterized in that, The power divider based on the transmission line transformer and the power combiner based on the transmission line transformer are as claimed in any one of claims 1-7. The power divider based on the transmission line transformer and the power combiner based on the transmission line transformer are as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

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