Water-soluble silicone-based mold release agent

Abstract

The mold release agent comprises a water-soluble silicone polymer, and a method of lubricating a die casting mold includes applying the mold release agent to the inner surface of the mold and injecting molten metal into the mold, wherein the mold release agent comprises a water-soluble silicone polymer.

Description

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 024,737, filed on May 14, 2020, entitled “Water - Soluble Silicone - Based Release Agent,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Background of the Invention

[0003] The present invention generally relates to die lubrication used in die casting and molding operations, and more particularly, to water - soluble silicone - based release agents used in high - pressure die casting.

[0004] High - pressure die casting (“HPDC”) is a well - known process in which molten metal is forced into the cavities of a die casting mold under high pressure and high heat. The molten metal solidifies while in the mold cavity, forming a casting part having the shape of the mold cavity. After the casting part is formed, it is then ejected from the mold cavity.

[0005] When solidifying in the mold cavity, the molten metal can adhere to the surface of the mold cavity. This can cause damage to the casting part or the mold part. To help avoid these problems, die casting release agents have been used to help ensure the proper removal of the casting part from the mold cavity.

[0006] The HPDC market primarily uses silicone - in - water emulsions as the main component of die casting release agents. These materials are most efficient in producing high - quality castings with the least adverse impact on the process. However, secondary processes such as chrome plating, painting, powder coating, and adhesives are all affected by spray - able silicone oil. Spray - able silicone oil, if left on the surface of the casting part, will cause problems for all of the above - mentioned secondary processes. In addition, traditional silicone - in - water emulsions utilize hydrophobic silicone and surfactants or emulsifiers to emulsify the silicone in water. The use of such low - molecular - weight surfactants or emulsifiers results in an increase in porosity during the casting operation, where the release agent is trapped in the molten metal during the casting process. There is a need for a release agent that is more friendly to secondary processing of casting parts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In some embodiments, the release agent comprises a water-soluble polymer, the water-soluble polymer comprising a silicone polymer and a hydrophilic substituent. The hydrophilic substituent may include a hydrophilic polymer. In some embodiments, the hydrophilic polymer may include a polyalkylene glycol, such as polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol. In some embodiments, the silicone polymer is linear, while in other embodiments the silicone polymer is branched. In some embodiments, the water-soluble polymer has a molecular weight of from about 2,500 Da to about 500,000 Da. In some embodiments, the release agent is surfactant-free. In some embodiments, the release agent further comprises a polar solvent, such as water. In some embodiments, the release agent is a microemulsion. In some embodiments, water and the water-soluble polymer are present in a ratio of water to water-soluble polymer by volume of from about 40:1 to about 200:1. In some embodiments, the release agent comprises a water-soluble polymer and water, wherein the water-soluble polymer comprises a linear silicone polymer having a hydrophilic substituent and a molecular weight of from about 2,500 Da to about 500,000 Da.

[0008] In some embodiments, a method of preventing a die-cast part from adhering to a mold comprises applying a release agent comprising a water-soluble silicone polymer to the inner surface of the mold before injecting the molten material into the mold. In some embodiments, the applying comprises spraying or painting. The method of preventing a die-cast part from adhering to a mold may further comprise diluting the release agent. In other embodiments, the method of preventing a die-cast part from adhering to a mold comprises applying the release agent neat, i.e., substantially without adding a solvent. The method of preventing a die-cast part from adhering to a mold may further comprise allowing the molten material to cool to form a solid part.

[0009] In some embodiments, a method of casting a component includes applying a release agent comprising a water-soluble silicone polymer to an inner surface of a mold; and injecting molten metal into the mold. The water-soluble silicone polymer is a polydimethylsiloxane copolymer, such as polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polydimethylsiloxane copolymer is branched, while in other embodiments the polydimethylsiloxane copolymer is linear. The molten metal can be injected at a pressure of from about 150 to about 6,500 tons. In some embodiments, the method can further include diluting the release agent with a solvent such as water. The method can further include cooling the molten metal to form a casting. In some embodiments, the method further includes releasing the casting from the mold. In some embodiments of the method, the polydimethylsiloxane copolymer is selected from polydimethylsiloxane PEG-8 adipate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-8 benzoate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-7 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-10 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-20 / 23 benzoate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-7 / 4 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-12 / 4 phosphate, PEG-3 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-7 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-8 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-9 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-10 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-12 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-14 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-17 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-3 / 10 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-4 / 12 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-6 / 11 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-8 / 14 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-14 / 4 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-15 / 15 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-16 / 2 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-17 / 18 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-18 / 18 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-19 / 19 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 6 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 15 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 20 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 23 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 29 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-22 / 23 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-22 / 24 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-23 / 6 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-25 / 25 polydimethylsiloxane, and PEG / PPG-27 / 27 polydimethylsiloxane and combinations thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention provides a release agent that can be used in die casting, and in particular, in high-pressure die casting operations. In some embodiments, the release agent comprises a water-soluble silicone. In some embodiments, the release agent further comprises a solvent. In some embodiments, the release agent does not contain a surfactant.

[0011] Compared with traditional release agents, the release agent of the present invention containing water-soluble silicone is easier to clean from the surface of the cast part after casting, and is therefore more suitable for secondary processing (e.g., chrome plating, painting, powder coating, adhesive coating, etc.). Traditional release agents require surfactants or other emulsifiers to formulate silicone oil with water and there are concerns about the stability of the resulting emulsion. In addition, the use of surfactants can lead to an increase in porosity in the casting operation, where the release agent is trapped in the molten material during casting. The release agent of the present invention containing water-soluble silicone is water-soluble and therefore provides an additional benefit of not requiring a surfactant to formulate with water. The use of water-soluble silicone polymers in the release agent of the present invention also enhances the ability to recycle the release agent because the unused material will be soluble in water and can be reapplied.

[0012] In some embodiments, the release agent has sufficient thermal stability to withstand the melting alloy temperature of magnesium, aluminum, zinc, and / or lead castings.

[0013] Water-soluble silicone

[0014] The release agent of the present invention may comprise a water-soluble silicone. Any silicone polymer modified with one or more hydrophilic substituents to render the material water-soluble is included within the scope of the present invention. In the present invention, a "water-soluble" silicone compound means that the silicone compound has a solubility in water at 25 °C of at least 0.01 g / 100 g of water, at least 0.05 g / 100 g of water, at least 0.1 g / 100 g of water, or at least 0.2 g / 100 g of water. Examples of water-soluble silicones include polydimethylsiloxane copolyols, amine-terminated polydimethylsiloxane copolyols, and quaternized silicones.

[0015] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic substituent is a polyalkylene glycol, preferably polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol.

[0016] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a linear copolymer of silicone and ethylene oxide / propylene oxide. In other embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a branched silicone polymer having branches of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.

[0017] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a linear polydimethylsiloxane copolyol, as shown in Formula I:

[0018] Formula I: (SiR 1 3 )-O-(SiR 2 2 -O-)x -(SiR 2 PE-O-) y -(SiR 1 3 )。

[0019] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a linear polydimethylsiloxane copolyol, as shown in Formula II:

[0020] Formula II: PE-(SiR 1 2 )-O-(SiR 2 2 -O-) x -(SiR 1 2 )-PE.

[0021] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a branched polydimethylsiloxane copolyol, as shown in Formula III:

[0022] Formula III:

[0023]

[0024] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a branched polydimethylsiloxane copolyol, as shown in Formula IV:

[0025] Formula IV:

[0026] In Formulas I-IV, the residue R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, a methyl residue, a C 2 -C 30 linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue and / or aryl residue. Non-limiting examples of the residues represented by R 1 and R 2 include alkyl residues such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, amyl, isoamyl, hexyl, isohexyl, lauryl, stearyl, behenyl, etc.; alkenyl residues such as vinyl, halo-vinyl, alkyl-vinyl, allyl, halo-allyl, alkyl-allyl; cycloalkyl residues such as cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, etc.; aryl residues such as phenyl residues and benzyl residues. Any of the foregoing examples may optionally be substituted by one or more O, S, and N.

[0027] In Formulas I-IV, PE represents a polyoxyalkylene residue, preferably a polyethylene ether or a polypropylene ether.

[0028] In Formulas I-IV, the numbers x, y, and z are independently operating integers, where x is from about 18 to about 180, y is from about 18 to about 180, and z is from about 5 to about 20.

[0029] Generally, silicones named with "PEG" or "PPG" at the beginning of their INCI names are suitable for the release agents of the present invention. Examples of suitable water-soluble polydimethylsiloxane copolyols include, but are not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-8 adipate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-8 benzoate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-7 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-10 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-20 / 23 benzoate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-7 / 4 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-12 / 4 phosphate, PEG-3 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-7 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-8 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-9 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-10 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-12 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-14 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-17 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-3 / 10 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-4 / 12 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-6 / 11 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-8 / 14 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-14 / 4 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-15 / 15 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-16 / 2 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-17 / 18 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-18 / 18 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-19 / 19 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 6 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 15 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 20 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 23 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 29 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-22 / 23 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-22 / 24 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-23 / 6 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-25 / 25 polydimethylsiloxane, and PEG / PPG-27 / 27 polydimethylsiloxane.

[0030] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone polymer has sufficient thermal stability to withstand the molten alloy temperature, such as the molten alloy temperature of magnesium, aluminum, zinc, and / or lead castings.

[0031] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is an amine-functionalized silicone ("amine-terminated polydimethylsiloxane") copolyol. An example of an amine-terminated polydimethylsiloxane copolyol is PEG-7 amine-terminated polydimethylsiloxane.

[0032] In some embodiments, the water-soluble silicone is a quaternized silicone.

[0033] Solvent

[0034] The release agent of the present invention may comprise a solvent. In some embodiments, the release agent comprises water. In some embodiments, the release agent comprises a polar solvent. Polar solvents useful in the release agents of the present invention include, but are not limited to, water, acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, and dimethylformamide. In some embodiments, the release agent comprises a hydrocarbon solvent. Hydrocarbon solvents include, but are not limited to, light petroleum, kerosene, and other low-viscosity hydrocarbons. The release agent may be in the form of a solution, microemulsion, emulsion, or other mixture.

[0035] The release agent may be provided as a concentrate, wherein the water-soluble silicone is from about 50% to about 99%, from about 60% to about 99%, from about 70% to about 99%, from about 75% to about 95%, from about 80% to about 95%, from about 85% to about 95%, from about 90% to about 95%, from about 90% to about 99%, or from about 95% to about 99% by weight of the release agent composition.

[0036] In some embodiments, the concentrate may be diluted such that the release agent composition comprises the water-soluble silicone in an amount from about 0.2 to about 100% by weight of the release agent composition. The release agent concentrate may be diluted with water or other hydrophilic solvents, or in some embodiments, with a hydrocarbon solvent. Typically, the release agent concentrate will be diluted with a solvent, for example, upon application, in amounts such as about 1:100, about 1:90, about 1:80, about 1:70, about 1:60, about 1:50, about 1:40, about 1:30, about 1:20, about 1:10, about 1:1, about 10:1, about 20:1, about 30:1, about 40:1, about 50:1, about 60:1, about 70:1, about 75:1, about 80:1, about 90:1, or about 100:1 parts of solvent to the amount of release agent concentrate.

[0037] In some embodiments, the viscosity of the release agent composition is from about 0.5 cps to about 1000 cps, from about 0.9 cps to about 1000 cps, from about 100 cps to about 1000 cps, or from about 300 to 900 cps. In some embodiments, the release agent composition is a concentrate that may be diluted prior to use to a composition having a viscosity from about 0.9 to about 900 cps, from about 0.9 to about 700 cps, from about 0.9 to about 500 cps, from about 0.9 to about 300 cps, from about 0.9 to about 100 cps, from about 0.9 to about 50 cps, from about 0.9 to about 25 cps, from about 0.9 to about 10 cps, or from about 0.9 to about 5 cps.

[0038] Other components

[0039] In some embodiments, the release agent composition comprises a water-soluble silicone. In some embodiments, the release agent composition comprises a water-soluble silicone and a solvent. In some embodiments, the release agent composition consists essentially of a water-soluble silicone and a solvent. In some embodiments, the release agent composition does not contain a surfactant. In some embodiments, the release agent composition does not contain an emulsifier. In some embodiments, the release agent composition does not contain a surfactant and an emulsifier.

[0040] The release agent composition of the present invention may comprise one or more additives, but the inclusion of any additives is optional. In some embodiments, the release agent composition comprises one or more antiwear additives, antioxidants, antifoam additives, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, and extreme pressure additives. In some embodiments, the additives in total account for about 0.1 to about 3% by weight of the release agent composition. In some embodiments, each additive is present in the release agent composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 3% by weight. In some embodiments, the release agent composition does not contain additives and consists essentially of a water-soluble silicone polymer and a solvent.

[0041] Method

[0042] The present invention provides a method for releasing a component from a mold or a casting mold, which includes applying the release agent described herein to the inner surface of the mold or the casting mold, and injecting a fluid material into the mold or the casting mold. The method may further include applying a gas to the fluid material in the mold or the casting mold under pressure. The method may further include allowing the fluid material to solidify into a solid form and releasing the solid form from the mold or the casting mold.

[0043] Any type of mold or casting mold for forming a component can be used in the method of the present invention. In particular, foam injection molds, plastic molds, die-casting molds, and high-pressure die-casting molds are suitable for this method. This method is particularly suitable for high-pressure die-casting molds.

[0044] The mold release agent may comprise a water-soluble silicone as disclosed herein. In particular, the mold release agent may comprise a branched or linear polydimethylsiloxane copolyol that comprises (i.e., is substituted with) a polyalkylene glycol, such as polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol. For example, the mold release agent may comprise polydimethylsiloxane PEG-8 adipate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-8 benzoate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-7 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG-10 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-20 / 23 benzoate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-7 / 4 phosphate, polydimethylsiloxane PEG / PPG-12 / 4 phosphate, PEG-3 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-7 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-8 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-9 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-10 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-12 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-14 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG-17 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-3 / 10 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-4 / 12 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-6 / 11 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-8 / 14 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-14 / 4 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-15 / 15 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-16 / 2 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-17 / 18 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-18 / 18 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-19 / 19 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 6 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 15 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 20 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 23 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-20 / 29 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-22 / 23 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-22 / 24 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-23 / 6 polydimethylsiloxane, PEG / PPG-25 / 25 polydimethylsiloxane, and PEG / PPG-27 / 27 polydimethylsiloxane and combinations thereof.

[0045] The mold release agent may be applied to the mold or casting by any conventional method, including electrostatic spraying application, pulsed application, brushing application, roll application, pouring, or spraying. Preferably, the mold release agent may be applied to the mold or casting by spraying. In some embodiments, the mold release agent is applied at high pressure, e.g., about 60 to about 80 psi, about 60 to about 100 psi, about 60 to about 150 psi, about 60 psi to about 200 psi, about 100 psi to about 750 psi, about 200 to about 600 psi, about 300 to 500 psi, or about 400 to about 600 psi. In some embodiments, the mold release agent is applied at low pressure, e.g., about 10 psi.

[0046] In some embodiments, the release agent composition is combined with an antisolder paste or a starting lubricant. In some embodiments, the release agent can be used as a plunger lubricant.

[0047] In some embodiments, the release agent is sprayed with a solvent to dilute the release agent from a concentrate to a final composition. The solvent can be a polar solvent and is preferably water. In some embodiments, the release agent is diluted with a solvent (such as water), and when applied, the solvent and the release agent are in the range of about 10:1 to about 400:1 parts by volume, about 10:1 to about 200:1 parts by volume, the solvent and the release agent are about 25:1 to about 150:1 parts by volume, or the solvent and the release agent are about 50:1 to about 100:1 parts by volume.

[0048] The fluid material is typically a molten metal or a metal alloy. For example, but not limited to, the fluid material can be aluminum, magnesium, zinc, lead, or brass.

[0049] In some embodiments, the fluid material is injected under high pressure. This high pressure can be in the range of about 150 tons to about 6500 tons. In some embodiments, a gas is applied to the fluid material under high pressure to push the fluid material into the mold. In some embodiments, a gas is applied to the fluid material to eject the fluid material (such as a metal). This gas can be, for example, nitrogen.

[0050] In some embodiments, the mold or die is opened to expose the solid form or part. The solid form or part can be released from the mold or die.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments shown and described above without departing from their broad inventive concept. Accordingly, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. For example, a particular feature of an exemplary embodiment may or may not be part of the claimed invention, and various features of the disclosed embodiments can be combined. Unless specifically set forth herein, the terms "a", "an", and "the" are not limited to one element, but should be construed to mean "at least one".

[0052] Furthermore, where the methods of the present invention do not depend on a particular order of the steps set forth herein, the particular order of the steps should not be construed as a limitation on the claims. Any claim directed to a method of the present invention should not be limited to performing its steps in the order written, and those skilled in the art can readily understand that these steps can vary and still remain within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-soluble silicone-based mold release agent used in high-pressure die casting, comprising 0.2 - 100% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, wherein: the mold release agent does not contain a surfactant, and the water-soluble polymer has a molecular weight of 2,500 Da to 500,000 Da and contains at least one of Formula I, Formula II, Formula III or Formula IV: Formula I: (SiR 1 3 )-O-(SiR 2 2 -O-) x -(SiR 2 PE-O-) y -(SiR 1 3 ) Formula II: PE-(SiR 1 2 )-O-(SiR 2 2 -O-) x -(SiR 1 2 )-PE Formula III: Formula IV: Wherein: R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, a methyl residue, a C 2 -C 30 linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue, and an aryl residue PE represents a polyoxyalkylene residue, x and y independently represent integers selected from 18 to 180, and z is an integer from 5 to 20.

2. The mold release agent of claim 1, wherein the polyoxyalkylene residue comprises a polyethylene ether.

3. The mold release agent of claim 1, wherein the polyoxyalkylene residue comprises a polypropylene ether.

4. The mold release agent of claim 1, further comprising a polar solvent.

5. The mold release agent of claim 4, wherein the polar solvent is water.

6. The mold release agent of claim 5, wherein water and the water-soluble polymer are present in a ratio of water to water-soluble polymer by volume of 40:1 to 200:

1.

7. A method for preventing a die-cast part from adhering to a mold, comprising: applying the mold release agent of claim 1 to the inner surface of the mold before injecting the molten material into the mold.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the application comprises spraying or painting.

9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising diluting the mold release agent.

10. The method according to claim 7, further comprising allowing the molten material to cool to form a solid part.

11. A method for casting a part, comprising: applying the mold release agent of claim 1 to the inner surface of the mold; and injecting molten metal into the mold, wherein the molten metal is injected under a pressure of 150 to 6500 tons.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising diluting the mold release agent with a solvent.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the solvent is water.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising cooling the molten metal to form a casting.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising releasing the casting from the mold.

16. A water-soluble silicone-based mold release agent used in high-pressure die casting, comprising 0.2 - 100% by weight of a water-soluble polymer and water, wherein: water and the water-soluble polymer are present in a ratio of water to water-soluble polymer by volume of 40:1 to 200:1, the mold release agent does not contain a surfactant, and the water-soluble polymer has a molecular weight of 2,500 Da to 500,000 Da and contains at least one of Formula I, Formula II, Formula III or Formula IV: Formula I: (SiR 1 3 )-O-(SiR 2 2 -O-) x -(SiR 2 PE-O-) y -(SiR 1 3 ) Formula II: PE-(SiR 1 2 )-O-(SiR 2 2 -O-) x -(SiR 1 2 )-PE Formula III: Formula IV: Wherein: R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, a methyl residue, a C 2 -C 30 linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue, and an aryl residue, PE represents a polyoxyalkylene residue, x and y independently represent integers selected from 18 to 180, and z is an integer from 5 to 20.

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