A liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system and its operation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system and an operation method thereof, wherein the coupling system comprises a deep-cold ice-making subsystem, a liquefied air energy storage subsystem and a seawater desalination subsystem which are connected in sequence; the liquefied air energy storage subsystem comprises a compression module, a cold storage module, a power generation module and a heat storage module; the seawater desalination subsystem comprises a first heat exchange module and a multi-effect evaporation module; the deep-cold ice-making subsystem is connected to the liquefied air energy storage subsystem through the cold storage module; the heat storage module and the power generation module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem are respectively and independently connected to the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem; the coupling system recovers low-temperature waste heat in the energy release stage of the liquefied air energy storage system, provides energy for the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination technology, and efficiently and economically utilizes the excess cold of the liquefied air energy storage system, and has good prospects for industrial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and in particular relates to a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seawater desalination is an important way to comprehensively utilize seawater resources. After decades of development, there are currently two main directions for seawater desalination technology, namely thermal method and membrane method. Thermal method mainly includes low-temperature multi-effect (MED), multi-stage flash evaporation (MSF) and compressed steam distillation desalination processes. Membrane method includes reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) desalination processes. At present, the low-temperature multi-effect technology of thermal method is widely used.

[0003] Low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination technology refers to a distillation desalination technology with a maximum evaporation temperature of brine below 70°C. It is characterized by connecting a series of horizontal tube spray falling film evaporators in series, inputting a certain amount of steam into the first effect, and the evaporation temperature of the subsequent effect is lower than that of the previous effect. Then, through multiple evaporations and condensations, a desalination process of distilled water with a volume multiple of steam is obtained. Low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination technology has the advantages of long service life, simple operation, reliable operation, and high purity of product water, and has developed rapidly. However, there are problems such as large initial investment and high operating costs (mainly energy). Therefore, it is of great significance to design a reasonable and efficient seawater desalination system.

[0004] Based on the consideration of the above problems, CN215233217U discloses a coupling device for flue gas desulfurization and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination in a thermal power plant, including: a raw seawater feed pipeline, a discharge main pipe and a flue gas desulfurization device, the two ends of the raw seawater feed pipeline are respectively connected to the discharge port of the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device and the flue gas desulfurization device, and the two ends of the discharge main pipe are respectively connected to the feed port of the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device and the flue gas desulfurization device, which solves the problem that scaling is easily generated in the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device in a place containing both a coal-fired boiler and a thermal low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device, the descaling and desulfurization work are carried out separately and cannot be effectively combined, and the desulfurization device consumes a large amount of desulfurization raw materials, the cost is high, and the acidic waste generated cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in a large amount of resource waste. The device has the effect of saving resources and saving costs. However, the device depends on the setting of a thermal power plant and is restricted by geographical conditions, so it cannot be widely used.

[0005] As a new large-scale energy storage technology, liquefied air energy storage is characterized by the introduction of a low-temperature liquefaction process on the basis of traditional compressed air energy storage, which liquefies high-pressure air and stores it at normal or low pressure. During peak electricity demand, liquid air is released from the tank and the pressure and temperature are increased to drive the turbine unit to generate electricity, thereby achieving valley peak demand. Liquid air energy storage has the outstanding advantages of large-scale long-term energy storage, clean and low-carbon, safe, long life, and is not restricted by geographical conditions. It has a wide range of application scenarios and can independently output cold, heat, and electrical energy storage systems.

[0006] In summary, how to recover the low-temperature waste heat in the energy release stage of the liquefied air energy storage system to provide cheap, high-quality, directly usable high-temperature, low-pressure steam for the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination technology, and how to efficiently and economically utilize the excess cooling capacity of the liquefied air energy storage system have become urgent problems to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system and an operation method thereof. The coupling system recovers the low-temperature waste heat in the energy release stage of the liquefied air energy storage system, provides energy for the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination technology, and efficiently and economically utilizes the excess cooling capacity of the liquefied air energy storage system, and has good prospects for industrial application.

[0008] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system, wherein the coupling system comprises a cryogenic ice making subsystem, a liquefied air energy storage subsystem and a seawater desalination subsystem connected in sequence;

[0010] The liquefied air energy storage subsystem comprises a compression module, a cold storage module and a power generation module which are connected in sequence, and the liquefied air energy storage subsystem further comprises a heat storage module; the compression module is connected to the power generation module via the heat storage module;

[0011] The seawater desalination subsystem includes a first heat exchange module and a multi-effect evaporation module;

[0012] The cryogenic ice-making subsystem is connected to the liquefied air energy storage subsystem via the cold storage module;

[0013] The heat storage module and the power generation module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem are independently connected to the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem.

[0014] The following are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but are not intended to be limitations of the technical solutions provided by the present invention. Through the following technical solutions, the technical objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention can be better achieved and realized.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the compression module includes an air purification device and a compressor unit connected in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, the cold storage module comprises a first cooling device, a liquid-air storage tank, a cryogenic pump, a vaporizing device and a deep-cold storage device which are sequentially connected in a cycle.

[0017] Preferably, the cryogenic storage device comprises a packed bed.

[0018] Preferably, the packing material of the packed bed comprises basalt.

[0019] Preferably, the power generation module comprises a turbine unit.

[0020] Preferably, the turbine unit includes at least 2 turbines, such as 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable and are arranged in series.

[0021] Preferably, the heat storage module comprises a second cooling device, a heat storage device and a heating device which are connected in sequence.

[0022] Preferably, the compressor unit is independently connected to the first cooling device and the second cooling device, and the vaporization device and the heating device are independently connected to the turbine unit.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the compressor unit includes at least 2 compressors, such as 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 compressors, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable and are arranged in series.

[0024] Preferably, the second cooling device comprises an interstage cooling device.

[0025] Preferably, the heating device comprises an interstage heating device.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first heat exchange module includes a steam purification device, a booster, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger which are connected in sequence.

[0027] Preferably, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger independently comprise shell and tube heat exchangers.

[0028] Preferably, the liquefied air energy storage subsystem is connected to the first heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem through a heat storage device of a heat storage module.

[0029] Preferably, the liquefied air energy storage subsystem is connected to the second heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem through the turbine unit of the power generation module.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the multi-effect evaporation module includes an evaporator, a third heat exchanger, a condensate pump, a fresh water pump, a brine pump and a seawater pump.

[0031] Preferably, the number of the evaporators is not less than 4, for example 4, 5, 6 or 7, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable and are arranged in series.

[0032] Preferably, the condensate pump is connected to the first evaporator.

[0033] Preferably, the brine pump is connected to the nth evaporator, wherein n is the number of evaporators.

[0034] In the present invention, the evaporator connected to the first heat exchange module is the first evaporator, and the subsequent evaporators are named "second evaporator", "third evaporator" to "nth evaporator" in sequence.

[0035] Preferably, the fresh water pump is connected to the third heat exchanger.

[0036] Preferably, the seawater pump is connected to each evaporator respectively after passing through the third heat exchanger.

[0037] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the nth evaporator is also connected to the steam purification device.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an operating method of the coupling system according to the first aspect, wherein the operating method includes two operating modes:

[0039] a. Low power consumption mode:

[0040] On the one hand, air at normal temperature and pressure enters the compression module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem for compression, and stores the compression heat in the heat storage module; part of the cold energy in the cold storage module is used to liquefy the high-pressure air into liquid air for storage, and the other part is used to make ice;

[0041] On the other hand, the normal temperature and pressure steam enters the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem, absorbs the heat in the heat storage module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to realize seawater desalination;

[0042] b. Peak power consumption mode:

[0043] On the one hand, the stored liquid air is used for power generation after being vaporized, and at the same time, the heat of the heat storage module is absorbed to increase the inlet temperature of the power generation module (i.e., the turbine unit therein) to improve the output power of the power generation module; and the cold energy generated by the cold storage module (i.e., the deep cold storage device therein) is used for ice making;

[0044] On the other hand, the normal temperature and pressure steam enters the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem to absorb the heat of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem power generation module (i.e., the normal pressure air at the outlet of the turbine unit), and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to realize seawater desalination.

[0045] In fact, the present invention's low power consumption period is the energy storage stage, and the peak power consumption period is the energy release stage.

[0046] The operation method more specifically includes:

[0047] a. Low power consumption mode:

[0048] On the one hand, air at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1atm) enters the compression module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem for compression after purification, and the compression heat is stored in the heat storage device through the second cooling device; the compressed high-pressure (6-7MPa) air passes through the first cooling device, absorbs the cold energy in the deep cold storage device, and is cooled to liquid for storage; the stored liquid air enters the vaporization device after being pressurized by a cryogenic pump, vaporizes after storing the cold energy, and enters the turbine unit to perform work; and part of the cold energy stored in the deep cold storage device is used to cool the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure air, liquefy it into liquid air for storage, and the other part is used to make ice;

[0049] On the other hand, the steam at normal temperature and pressure merges with the steam recovered from the nth evaporator, and after being purified and pressurized (pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa), it enters the first heat exchanger of the seawater desalination subsystem to absorb heat in the heat storage device of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem, making the steam temperature ≥70℃, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to realize seawater desalination.

[0050] b. Peak power consumption mode:

[0051] On the one hand, the stored liquid air is pressurized by a cryogenic pump and then enters the vaporization device, where the cold energy is stored and then vaporized and enters the turbine unit to perform work. At the same time, the turbine unit absorbs the compression heat in the heat storage device for interstage heating to increase the output work and obtain normal pressure air with a temperature not lower than 80°C. The cold energy stored in the deep cold storage device is used to make ice.

[0052] On the other hand, the steam at normal temperature and pressure merges with the steam recovered from the nth evaporator, and after being purified and pressurized (pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa), it enters the second heat exchanger of the seawater desalination subsystem to absorb the heat in the air after the turbine unit of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem generates electricity, making the steam temperature ≥70℃, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to realize seawater desalination.

[0053] In the present invention, "low temperature", "high temperature", "low pressure" and "high pressure" do not refer to temperatures and pressures at specific values, but only to relative conditions. The feasible ranges are exemplarily listed in the above specific operation process.

[0054] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, when the operating mode is the low-power consumption mode, the temperature of the normal temperature and pressure steam of the seawater desalination subsystem is not lower than 70°C after absorbing heat through the first heat exchange module, for example, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C or 95°C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0055] Preferably, when the operation mode is the off-peak mode, heat is absorbed by the first heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module, and the heat source medium includes heat transfer oil, and the heat transfer oil enters the shell side.

[0056] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, when the operating mode is the peak power consumption mode, the temperature of the normal temperature and pressure steam of the seawater desalination subsystem is not lower than 70°C after absorbing heat through the first heat exchange module, for example, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C or 95°C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0057] Preferably, when the operation mode is the peak power consumption mode, heat is absorbed by the second heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module, and the heat source medium includes air, and the air enters the shell side.

[0058] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, part of the steam obtained after the last stage of evaporation in the multi-effect evaporation module is returned to the first heat exchange module for circulation.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] (1) The coupling system of the present invention uses the excess compression heat during the low-peak period of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem or the high-temperature air at the air turbine outlet during the peak period of electricity consumption to heat the normal temperature and pressure of the first effect inlet of the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination subsystem; the cryogenic ice making subsystem absorbs the excess cold in the cryogenic storage device to produce ice cubes, thereby achieving efficient use of energy. The coupling system can be arranged around the dock and sold to passing ships. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for seawater desalination plants along the coast and islands;

[0061] (2) The system of the present invention has two operating modes, which can be operated flexibly during peak and valley periods of electricity consumption, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, thus having certain economic benefits and great promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system provided in Example 1 of the present invention during the low electricity consumption stage.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system provided in Example 1 of the present invention during the peak power consumption stage.

[0064] Among them, 1-liquefied air energy storage subsystem, 11-air purification device, 12-compressor unit, 13-first cooling device, 14-liquid air storage tank, 15-low temperature pump, 16-vaporization device, 17-deep cold storage device, 18-turbine unit, 19-second cooling device, 110-heat storage device, 111-heating device, 2-seawater desalination subsystem, 21-steam purification device, 22-booster, 23-first heat exchanger, 24-second heat exchanger, 251-first evaporator, 252-second evaporator, 253-third evaporator, 254-fourth evaporator, 26-condensate pump, 27-third heat exchanger, 28-fresh water pump, 29-brine pump, 210-seawater pump, 3-deep cold ice making subsystem,

[0065] The direction of the arrow represents the direction of material flow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following embodiments are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0067] The following are typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention:

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] This embodiment provides a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system and an operation method thereof, wherein the coupling system comprises a cryogenic ice-making subsystem 3, a liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 and a seawater desalination subsystem 2 connected in sequence;

[0070] The liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 comprises a compression module, a cold storage module and a power generation module connected in sequence, and the liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 further comprises a heat storage module; the compression module is connected to the power generation module via the heat storage module;

[0071] The compression module includes an air purification device 11 and a compressor unit 12 connected in sequence; the cold storage module includes a first cooling device 13, a liquid air storage tank 14, a cryogenic pump 15, a vaporization device 16 and a deep cold storage device 17 which are connected in a cycle in sequence; the deep cold storage device 17 includes a packed bed; the filling material of the packed bed includes basalt; the power generation module includes a turbine unit 18; the heat storage module includes a second cooling device 19, a heat storage device 110 and a heating device 111 which are connected in sequence; the compressor unit 12 is independently connected to the first cooling device 13 and the second cooling device 19, and the vaporization device 16 and the heating device 111 are independently connected to the turbine unit 18; the second cooling device 19 is an interstage cooling device; the heating device 111 is an interstage heating device.

[0072] The seawater desalination subsystem 2 includes a first heat exchange module and a multi-effect evaporation module;

[0073] The first heat exchange module includes a steam purification device 21, a booster 22, a first heat exchanger 23 and a second heat exchanger 24 which are connected in sequence; the first heat exchanger 23 and the second heat exchanger 24 independently include shell and tube heat exchangers; the heat source medium of the first heat exchanger 23 is heat transfer oil, and the heat transfer oil flows through the shell side; the heat source medium of the second heat exchanger 24 is air, and the air flows through the shell side.

[0074] The liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 is connected to the first heat exchanger 23 of the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem 2 through the heat storage device 110 of the heat storage module; the liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 is connected to the second heat exchanger 24 of the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem 2 through the turbine unit 18 of the power generation module.

[0075] The multi-effect evaporation module includes an evaporator, a third heat exchanger 27, a condensate pump 26, a fresh water pump 28, a brine pump 29 and a seawater pump 210; there are four evaporators, which are arranged in series; the condensate pump 26 is connected to the first evaporator 251; the brine pump 29 is connected to the fourth evaporator 254; the fresh water pump 28 is connected to the third heat exchanger 27; the seawater pump 210 is connected to each evaporator after passing through the third heat exchanger 27; the fourth evaporator 254 is also connected to the steam purification device 21.

[0076] The cryogenic ice-making subsystem 3 is connected to the liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 through the cold storage module.

[0077] The operation method of the above coupling system includes:

[0078] a. Low power consumption mode:

[0079] On the one hand, the air at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1atm) enters the compression module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 for compression after purification, and the compression heat is stored in the heat storage device 110 through the second cooling device 19; the compressed high-pressure (6.5MPa) air passes through the first cooling device 13, absorbs the cold energy in the deep cold storage device 17, and is cooled to liquid for storage; the stored liquid air enters the vaporization device 16 after being pressurized by the cryogenic pump 15 (-127°C, 12MPa), vaporizes after storing the cold energy, and enters the turbine unit 18 to perform work; and part of the cold energy stored in the deep cold storage device 17 is used to cool the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure air, liquefy it into liquid air for storage, and the other part is used to make ice;

[0080] On the other hand, the steam at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 0.101MPa) merges with the steam recovered from the fourth evaporator 254 and is purified and pressurized (pressure is 0.4MPa) in sequence before entering the first heat exchanger 23 of the seawater desalination subsystem 2 to absorb heat in the heat storage device 110 of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1, making the steam reach 70°C, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to achieve seawater desalination.

[0081] The operation flow diagram of the low power consumption phase is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0082] b. Peak power consumption mode:

[0083] On the one hand, the stored liquid air is pressurized by the cryogenic pump 15 (-127°C, 12MPa) and enters the vaporization device 16, where the cold energy is stored and then vaporized and enters the turbine unit 18 to perform work. At the same time, the turbine unit 18 absorbs the compression heat in the heat storage device 110 for interstage heating to increase the output work and obtain normal pressure (1atm) air with a temperature of 85°C. The cold energy stored in the deep cold storage device 17 is used for ice making.

[0084] On the other hand, the steam at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 0.101MPa) merges with the steam recovered from the fourth evaporator 254 and is purified and pressurized (pressure is 0.4MPa) in sequence before entering the second heat exchanger 24 of the seawater desalination subsystem 2 to absorb heat from the air (85°C, normal pressure) after the turbine unit 18 of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem 1 generates electricity, making the steam reach 74°C, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to achieve seawater desalination.

[0085] The operation flow diagram of the peak power consumption period is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0086] In order to clearly and directly express the operation process of the two stages, Figure 1 The second heat exchanger 24 is not shown. Figure 2 The first heat exchanger 23 is not shown.

[0087] The present invention illustrates the system and detailed method of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above systems and detailed methods, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above systems and detailed methods to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the operation of the present invention, addition of auxiliary operations, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operating method of a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system, characterized in that: The operation method is carried out by using a liquefied air energy storage and low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination coupling system; The coupling system comprises a cryogenic ice-making subsystem, a liquefied air energy storage subsystem and a seawater desalination subsystem connected in sequence; The liquefied air energy storage subsystem comprises a compression module, a cold storage module and a power generation module connected in sequence, and the liquefied air energy storage subsystem also comprises a heat storage module; the compression module is connected to the power generation module through the heat storage module; the cold storage module comprises a first cooling device, a liquid air storage tank, a cryogenic pump, a vaporization device and a deep cold storage device which are sequentially connected in a cycle; The heat storage module comprises a second cooling device, a heat storage device and a heating device connected in sequence; The compression module includes an air purification device and a compressor unit connected in sequence; The power generation module includes a turbine unit; The compressor unit is independently connected to the first cooling device and the second cooling device, and the vaporizing device and the heating device are independently connected to the turbine unit; The seawater desalination subsystem includes a first heat exchange module and a multi-effect evaporation module; the first heat exchange module includes a steam purification device, a booster, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence; The cryogenic ice-making subsystem is connected to the liquefied air energy storage subsystem via the cold storage module; The liquefied air energy storage subsystem is connected to the first heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem through the heat storage device of the heat storage module; The liquefied air energy storage subsystem is connected to the second heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem through the turbine unit of the power generation module; The operation method of the coupling system includes two operation modes: a. Low power consumption mode: On the one hand, air at normal temperature and pressure enters the compression module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem for compression, and stores the compression heat in the heat storage module; part of the cold energy in the cold storage module is used to liquefy the high-pressure air into liquid air for storage, and the other part is used to make ice; On the other hand, the normal temperature and pressure steam enters the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem, absorbs the heat in the heat storage module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to realize seawater desalination; b. Peak power consumption mode: On the one hand, the stored liquid air is used for power generation after being vaporized, while at the same time absorbing the heat of the heat storage module to increase the inlet temperature of the power generation module, so as to improve the output power of the power generation module; and the cold energy generated by the cold storage module is used for ice making; On the other hand, the normal temperature and pressure steam enters the first heat exchange module of the seawater desalination subsystem to absorb the heat from the outlet of the power generation module of the liquefied air energy storage subsystem, and then enters the multi-effect evaporation module to realize seawater desalination.

2. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cryogenic storage device includes a packed bed.

3. The operating method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The packing material of the packed bed includes basalt.

4. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cooling device includes an interstage cooling device.

5. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device comprises an interstage heating device.

6. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger independently include shell and tube heat exchangers.

7. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-effect evaporation module comprises an evaporator, a third heat exchanger, a condensate pump, a fresh water pump, a salt water pump and a sea water pump.

8. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the evaporators is no less than 4 and they are arranged in series.

9. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensate pump is connected to the first evaporator.

10. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The brine pump is connected to the nth evaporator, wherein n is the number of evaporators.

11. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fresh water pump is connected to the third heat exchanger.

12. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seawater pump is connected to each evaporator respectively after passing through the third heat exchanger.

13. The operating method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The nth evaporator is also connected to the steam purification device.

14. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the operation mode is the low-power consumption mode, the temperature of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure steam of the seawater desalination subsystem is not lower than 70°C after absorbing heat through the first heat exchange module.

15. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the operation mode is the off-peak mode, heat is absorbed by the first heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module, and the heat source medium includes heat transfer oil, which enters the shell side.

16. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the operation mode is the peak power consumption mode, the temperature of the normal temperature and pressure steam of the seawater desalination subsystem is not lower than 80°C after absorbing heat through the first heat exchange module.

17. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the operation mode is the peak power consumption mode, heat is absorbed by the second heat exchanger of the first heat exchange module, and the heat source medium includes air, and the air enters the shell side.

18. The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A portion of the steam obtained after the last stage of evaporation in the multi-effect evaporation module is returned to the first heat exchange module for circulation.

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