Forging die heating method and forging system having die heating function

Abstract

The application discloses a forging die heating method and a forging system with a die heating function, relates to the forging technical field, and can play a role in heating the die by additionally arranging a heating plate between the die and the die holder or directly arranging an electric heating pipe in the die and arranging an electric heating pipe in the die holder, especially the first electric heating pipe in the heating plate is distributed along the die cavity profile, which is favorable for precisely heating the die cavity, and the temperature of the forging die is detected, the heating range of the electric heating pipe in the heating plate and the die holder can be adjusted, the die can be heated to a reasonable forging temperature and kept constant during the forging process, and the forging quality is improved. A plurality of thermocouples are distributed along the cavity profile in the forging die, and accurate temperature measurement can still be realized for some special-shaped cavities. A heat insulation component is arranged between the die holder and the forging equipment to reduce or block the heat conduction of the die and the die holder to the forging equipment, so that the temperature does not affect the forging equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging technology, and in particular to a forging die heating method and a forging system with die heating function. Background Technology

[0002] The forging process window for traditional aluminum alloys is relatively narrow. Forging temperatures that are too high or too low can lead to defects in the forgings. The actual forging temperature is affected by the combined heating temperature of the billet and the temperature of the forging die. Generally speaking, when forging complex aluminum alloy parts, it is necessary to accurately heat and control the temperature of the forging die to reduce the influence of the forging die temperature on the forging process. The main factors affecting the temperature of the forging die during aluminum alloy forging are: (1) The number and distribution of electric heating tubes, internal and external heat transfer, etc., will affect the temperature of the forging die cavity. For complex aluminum alloy forgings, the die cavity is complex and it is difficult to ensure uniform heating everywhere; (2) Thermocouples are usually used to measure the temperature of the forging die. However, it is difficult to measure the temperature inside the complex die cavity, and it cannot reflect the true die temperature. It is difficult to achieve accurate heating and temperature control, resulting in a large difference between the actual temperature of the forging die and the preset temperature during production. The die temperature directly affects the forging temperature. Large fluctuations in the forging die temperature will cause product defects or poor product quality consistency. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new mold heating scheme to overcome the problem of product defects caused by large temperature variations in the mold. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a forging die heating method and a forging system with die heating function to solve the problem of product defects caused by large temperature variations in the die.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method for heating a forging die, comprising:

[0006] The forging die is heated by the first electric heating tube;

[0007] The mold base is heated by a second electric heating tube embedded in the mold base;

[0008] The temperatures of the first and second electric heating tubes are adjusted based on the measured temperatures of the forging die and the die holder, so as to raise or maintain a constant temperature of the forging die.

[0009] Optionally, a heating plate is provided between the forging die and the corresponding die base, the first electric heating tube is embedded in the heating plate, and the first electric heating tube is distributed along the contour of the die cavity to heat the forging die.

[0010] Optionally, the first electric heating tube is disposed on the mold to directly heat the forging mold.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature of the forging die is detected by thermocouples installed in the die, and the thermocouples in the die are distributed at multiple points along the contour of the die cavity;

[0012] The temperature of the mold base is detected by thermocouples installed on the mold base, and the thermocouples on the mold base are distributed at multiple points along the contour of the mold cavity.

[0013] Optionally, the shape and size of the first electric heating tube can be obtained by finite element numerical simulation of the thermal field distribution of the mold.

[0014] Optionally, a heat insulation component is also provided between the die holder and the forging equipment to reduce heat conduction from the forging die and / or the die holder to the forging equipment, so that the temperature of the forging equipment does not exceed 50°C.

[0015] Optionally, the heat insulation assembly includes a stainless steel heat insulation plate and a cooling plate arranged in sequence, wherein the stainless steel heat insulation plate is located between the mold base and the cooling plate, and the cooling plate includes a plate and a cooling channel disposed on the plate, wherein the cooling channel is used for cooling water circulation.

[0016] This invention also proposes a forging system with a mold heating function, including an upper mold base, a lower mold base, an upper mold, a lower mold, and forging equipment, and further comprising:

[0017] A first electric heating tube is disposed on the upper mold and the lower mold; or, a heating plate is disposed between the upper mold and the upper mold base and between the lower mold and the lower mold base, the first electric heating tube is embedded inside the heating plate, and the first electric heating tube is distributed along the contour of the mold cavity to heat the upper mold and the lower mold.

[0018] The second electric heating tube is embedded in the upper mold base and the lower mold base to heat and keep the upper mold and the lower mold warm;

[0019] A temperature measuring device is used to detect the temperature of the upper mold, the lower mold, the upper mold base, and the lower mold base;

[0020] The control system is communicatively connected to the temperature measuring device, the first electric heating tube, and the second electric heating tube. The control system can adjust the heating temperature of the first electric heating tube and the second electric heating tube according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device, so as to raise or keep the temperature of the upper mold, the lower mold, the upper mold base, and the lower mold base constant.

[0021] Optionally, the temperature measuring device is a thermocouple; multiple thermocouples are embedded in both the upper mold base and the lower mold base, and the thermocouples are distributed at multiple points along the contour of the mold cavity; multiple thermocouples are inserted on the upper mold and the lower mold, and the thermocouples are distributed at multiple points along the contour of the mold cavity.

[0022] Optionally, a heat insulation component is also included. The heat insulation component is provided between the upper die holder and the forging equipment, and between the lower die holder and the forging equipment. The heat insulation component is used to reduce the heat conduction of the upper die, the lower die, the upper die holder and the lower die holder to the forging equipment, so that the temperature of the forging equipment does not exceed 50°C.

[0023] Optionally, the heat insulation component includes a stainless steel heat insulation plate and a cooling plate arranged in sequence, wherein the stainless steel heat insulation plate is located between the cooling plate and the corresponding mold base, the cooling plate includes a plate and a cooling channel disposed on the plate, the cooling channel is used for cooling water circulation, the plate is provided with a cooling plate temperature measuring device, and the cooling plate temperature measuring device is communicatively connected to the control system.

[0024] Optionally, the temperature measuring device for the cooling plate is a thermocouple.

[0025] Optionally, it also includes a cooling water tank, which is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel via an inlet pipe and to the outlet of the cooling channel via a return pipe; a water pump, a valve and a flow meter are provided on the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe, and the water pump, the valve and the flow meter are all communicatively connected to the control system.

[0026] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0027] The forging die heating method proposed in this invention heats the forging die using a first electric heating tube. A second electric heating tube embedded in the die base provides indirect heating and insulation. The first electric heating tube is distributed along the die cavity contour, facilitating precise heating of the die cavity. Simultaneously, by monitoring the forging die temperature, the heating amplitude of the first and second electric heating tubes can be adjusted. This allows the die to be heated to a reasonable forging temperature and maintained at a constant temperature during forging, improving forging quality and preventing product defects caused by large temperature fluctuations in the die.

[0028] In some of the technical solutions disclosed in this invention, thermocouples are used to measure the temperature of the forging die. Multiple thermocouples are set on the forging die and the die base, which can realize multi-point temperature measurement and make the temperature measurement more accurate. In particular, the thermocouples inside the forging die are distributed at multiple points along the contour of the die cavity, which can still achieve accurate temperature measurement for some irregular cavities. This is beneficial to control the electric heating tube to accurately heat and control the die, so that the actual temperature of the forging die is basically consistent with the preset temperature, which is conducive to improving the quality of the forging.

[0029] The present invention also proposes a forging system with a mold heating function. By setting up a control system, the heating temperature of the first electric heating tube and the second electric heating tube can be adjusted according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device, so as to raise or keep the temperature of the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower mold bases constant. This is beneficial to improving the quality of forgings and avoiding product defects caused by large temperature fluctuations in the mold.

[0030] Considering the high strength and precision requirements of forging equipment, inadequate temperature insulation measures during operation can affect equipment clearance, leading to oil leaks, poor guiding accuracy, and even irreversible damage to the forging equipment. Therefore, this invention, in addition to equipping the die holder with an electric heating element, also incorporates a heat insulation component between the die holder and the forging equipment. This reduces or blocks heat conduction from the die and die holder to the forging equipment, ensuring the temperature of the forging equipment does not exceed 50°C. Furthermore, the heat insulation component possesses sufficient compressive strength to guarantee the precision requirements of the die and die holder, thus reducing heat dissipation, lowering energy consumption, and effectively preventing temperature-related impacts on the forging equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a forging system with mold heating function disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower mold heating and temperature measurement state disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0036] 1. Upper cooling plate, 2. Upper stainless steel heat insulation plate, 3. Upper mold base, 4. Upper heating plate, 5. Upper mold, 6. Lower mold, 7. Lower heating plate, 8. Lower mold base, 9. Second electric heating tube, 10. Lower stainless steel heat insulation plate, 11. Lower cooling plate, 11-1 lower cooling channel, 12. Thermocouple, 13. Control system, 14. First electric heating tube, 15. Data cable, 16. Forging equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a heating method for forging dies to solve the problem that product defects are easily caused by large temperature variations in the dies during the forging process.

[0039] Another objective of this invention is to provide a forging system with a mold heating function to solve the problem that product defects are easily caused by large temperature variations in the mold during the forging process.

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for heating a forging die, comprising: setting a heating plate with a first electric heating tube 14 embedded inside between the forging die and the corresponding die base, wherein the first electric heating tube 14 is distributed along the contour of the die cavity to heat the forging die; embedding a second electric heating tube 9 in the die base to heat and maintain the temperature of the forging die; detecting the temperature of the forging die, and adjusting the heating temperature of the first electric heating tube 14 and / or the second electric heating tube 9 according to the measured temperature to raise the temperature of the forging die or keep the temperature constant. In actual operation, the forging die generally includes an upper die 5 and a lower die 6, the upper die 5 is connected to an upper die base 3, and the lower die 6 is connected to a lower die base 8, and the die cavity is formed between the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 when the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 are closed; based on this, when implementing the above-mentioned forging die heating method, the heating plate is set between the upper die 5 and the upper die base 3 and between the lower die 6 and the lower die base 8, and the second electric heating tube 9 is embedded in both the upper die base 3 and the lower die base 8. To ensure accurate temperature measurement, it is preferable to simultaneously install temperature measuring devices on the upper mold base 3, the lower mold base 8, and inside the mold. Specifically, the temperature measuring devices inside the mold are installed on the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6. In this embodiment, by adding a heating plate and installing electric heating tubes in the upper and lower mold bases, the upper and lower molds can be heated. In particular, the first electric heating tube is distributed along the contour of the mold cavity, which is conducive to precise heating of the mold cavity. At the same time, in conjunction with detecting the temperature of the forging mold, the heating amplitude of the heating plate and the electric heating tubes in the mold base can be adjusted. This allows the mold to be heated to a reasonable forging temperature and kept constant during the forging process, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the forgings and avoiding product defects caused by large temperature fluctuations in the mold.

[0043] In this embodiment, when detecting the temperature of the forging die, the temperature measuring device is preferably a thermocouple. The thermocouple can be inserted into the lower die 6 within the forging die, with multiple thermocouples distributed at multiple points along the die cavity contour. Similarly, multiple thermocouples are also set on the upper and lower die bases, all distributed at multiple points along the die cavity contour. Using thermocouples to measure the temperature of the forging die, and with multiple thermocouples both inside the forging die and on the die base, multi-point temperature measurement can be achieved, making the temperature measurement more accurate. In particular, the thermocouples inside the forging die are distributed at multiple points along the die cavity contour, enabling accurate temperature measurement even for irregularly shaped cavities, avoiding temperature measurement blind spots, and facilitating precise heating and temperature control of the electric heating element on the die. This ensures that the actual temperature of the forging die is basically consistent with the preset temperature, thereby improving the quality of the forgings. Generally, the thermocouples inside the forging die are embedded around the cavity of the forging die, such as in the side of the die cavity.

[0044] In this embodiment, the thermal field distribution inside the mold cavity can be obtained by finite element numerical simulation to obtain the specific shape and size of the first electric heating tube 14, so that the first electric heating tube 14 can match the mold cavity contour as closely as possible.

[0045] In this embodiment, considering the high strength and precision requirements of the forging equipment, inadequate temperature insulation measures during operation can affect the equipment's fit clearance, leading to oil leaks, poor guiding accuracy, and even irreversible damage to the forging equipment. Therefore, this embodiment also includes a heat insulation component between the upper and lower die holders and the forging equipment to reduce or block heat conduction from the upper and lower dies and die holders to the forging equipment, ensuring that the temperature of the forging equipment does not exceed 50°C. This reduces heat dissipation and energy consumption while effectively preventing temperature-related impacts on the forging equipment.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the heat insulation component described above includes a stainless steel heat insulation plate and a cooling plate arranged sequentially. For distinction, the heat insulation component disposed between the upper die base 3 and the forging equipment 16 includes an upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 and an upper cooling plate 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 is disposed between the upper die base 3 and the upper cooling plate 1, with the upper cooling plate 1 positioned close to the forging equipment 16; similarly, the heat insulation assembly disposed between the lower die base 8 and the forging equipment 16 includes a lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 and a lower cooling plate 11, as shown. Figure 1 As shown, the lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 is disposed between the lower die base 8 and the lower cooling plate 11, with the lower cooling plate 11 positioned close to the forging equipment 16. The structure of the lower cooling plate 11 is identical to that of the upper cooling plate 1. Taking the lower cooling plate 11 as an example, it includes a lower plate and a lower cooling channel 11-1 disposed on the lower plate. The lower cooling channel 11-1 is used for cooling water circulation. At the same time, a cooling plate temperature measuring device is disposed on the lower plate, and the cooling plate temperature measuring device is communicatively connected to the control system.

[0047] In this embodiment, both the upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 and the lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 are preferably made of 304 stainless steel, with a thermal conductivity of less than 22 W / (mK) and a yield strength of more than 200 MPa.

[0048] In this embodiment, the upper cooling plate 1 and the lower cooling plate 11 are preferably metal plates with a thickness of not less than 100 mm. The cooling channels on the upper cooling plate 1 and the lower cooling plate 11 are preferably circular channels with a hole diameter of 15-25 mm.

[0049] In this embodiment, the aforementioned cooling plate temperature measuring device is preferably a thermocouple 12, which is inserted into the lower plate and positioned to avoid the lower cooling channel 11-1. The lower plate is preferably a metal plate, and the lower cooling channels 11-1 on it are all U-shaped channels. One end of the U-shaped channel serves as a cooling water inlet, and the other end serves as a cooling water outlet. Multiple sets of the aforementioned U-shaped lower cooling channels 11-1 can be simultaneously provided on the lower plate. Taking the simultaneous provision of two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 on the lower plate as an example... Figure 3As shown, the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 are arranged symmetrically, with the cooling water inlets of the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 adjacent to each other, while the cooling water outlets of the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 are far apart. This symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 ensures uniform distribution of cooling water circulation within the plate, which is beneficial for rapidly cooling the stainless steel heat insulation plate and the forging equipment 16, achieving the effect of heat insulation.

[0050] In this embodiment, both the aforementioned temperature measuring device and the cooling plate temperature measuring device are preferably thermocouples 12, and their temperature measurement range can be 0 to 600°C.

[0051] In this embodiment, a cooling water tank is also included. The cooling water tank is connected to the cooling water inlet of each cooling channel via an inlet pipe and to the cooling water outlet of each cooling channel via a return pipe. A water pump, valve, and flow meter are installed on both the inlet and outlet pipes. All the water pumps, valves, and flow meters are communicatively connected to the control system. The water pumps provide power for pressurizing and circulating the cooling water. The valves control the opening and closing of the inlet and return pipes. If a proportional valve is used, it can receive analog electrical signals and control the liquid flow rate. The flow meter assists in monitoring the cooling water flow rate. The control system can adjust the cooling water flow rate based on the temperature readings from the cooling plate temperature measuring device. In the actual forging process, the flow rate of cooling water pumped by the water pump can be set to no less than 0.5 L / s through the control system 13. During operation, the upper and lower cooling plates control the cooling water circulation flow rate separately to ensure the cooling effect. Thermocouples on the upper and lower cooling plates monitor the temperature of the cooling plates. The control system 13 reads the temperature signal. When the temperature of the upper and lower cooling plates is higher than 50°C, the control system 13 automatically adjusts the current or voltage signal sent to the proportional valve through PID control to increase the flow rate of the proportional valve (i.e., the aforementioned valve). When the temperature of the upper and lower cooling plates is lower than 50°C, the flow rate of the proportional valve (i.e., the aforementioned valve) is reduced accordingly, thereby controlling the temperature within the set temperature range.

[0052] Therefore, the forging die heating method proposed in this embodiment can enable the forging system to have both die seat heating and die seat heat insulation functions. It can be used for forging aluminum alloy parts and prevent the heat generated by the heating tube from being conducted to the forging equipment, so as to achieve precise and stable temperature control of the die during the forging process, meet the forging temperature requirements of the billet, and achieve the purpose of isolating heat to avoid affecting the forging equipment.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment provides a heating method for forging dies. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment does not include a heating plate between the forging die and the corresponding die base. Instead, the first electric heating tube 14 is directly mounted on the die, for example, inserted into the upper and lower dies. Apart from this, the remaining structural configuration, working principle, and technical effects are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment proposes a forging system with a mold heating function, which includes an upper mold base 3, a lower mold base 8, an upper mold 5, a lower mold 6, and a forging device 16. During normal operation, the upper mold 5 is connected to the upper mold base 3, and the lower mold 6 is connected to the lower mold base 8. The mold cavity is formed between the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 when they are closed. The upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8 are connected to the forging device 16, which is existing technology. The drive system configured on the device can drive the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 to move closer or further apart, thereby achieving forging. The specific configuration of the forging device 16 will not be described further here. In addition to the components that realize the basic forging function, the forging system with mold heating function in this embodiment also includes a mold heating system. The mold heating system specifically includes a heating plate, a second electric heating tube 9, a temperature measuring device, and a control system. The heating plate is embedded with a first electric heating tube 14, and the first electric heating tube 14 is distributed at multiple points along the mold cavity contour. In this embodiment, a heating plate is provided between the upper mold 5 and the upper mold base 3 and between the lower mold 6 and the lower mold base 8 to directly heat the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6. For easy distinction, the heating plate between the upper mold 5 and the upper mold base 3 is called the "upper heating plate 4", and the heating plate between the lower mold 6 and the lower mold base 8 is called the "lower heating plate 7". The first electric heating tube 14 on the upper heating plate 4 is distributed along the cavity contour of the upper mold 5, and the first electric heating tube 14 on the upper heating plate 7 is distributed along the cavity contour of the lower mold 6. Generally, the cavity contours of the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 are the same, but there are also cases where they are different. The second electric heating element 9 is embedded in the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8 to indirectly heat and maintain the temperature of the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6. Preferably, the second electric heating element 9 can be distributed along the outer contour of the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6. More preferably, the second electric heating element 9 can be distributed along the contour of the mold cavity, just like the first electric heating element 14. The temperature measuring device is used to detect the temperature of the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6, and can be simultaneously installed on the upper mold 5, the lower mold 6, the upper mold base 3, and the lower mold base 8. The control system is communicatively connected to the temperature measuring device, the first electric heating element 14, and the second electric heating element 9. The control system can adjust the heating temperature of the first electric heating element 14 and the second electric heating element 9 according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device, so that the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 are heated or kept at a constant temperature.By adding an upper heating plate 4 and a lower heating plate 7, and installing a second electric heating tube 9 inside the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8, the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 can be heated. In particular, the first electric heating tube 14 is designed with a shape that matches the contour of the mold cavity, which is conducive to precise heating of the mold cavity. At the same time, in conjunction with a temperature measuring device to detect the temperature of the forging mold, the heating amplitude of the heating plate and the electric heating tube inside the mold base can be adjusted. During the forging process, the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 can be heated to a reasonable forging temperature and kept at a constant temperature, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the forgings and avoiding product defects caused by large temperature fluctuations in the mold.

[0057] In this embodiment, the second electric heating tube 9 and the first electric heating tube 14 are preferably electric heating tubes with a circular cross-section, and their diameter is preferably 15mm to 22mm.

[0058] In this embodiment, the aforementioned temperature measuring device is preferably a thermocouple 12. Multiple thermocouples 12 are inserted into the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6, and the thermocouples 12 in the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6 are distributed at multiple points along the mold cavity contour. The multiple thermocouples 12 directly measure the temperature at multiple points around the mold cavity, further achieving precise temperature control of the mold. Using the above-mentioned multi-point temperature measurement method, accurate temperature measurement can still be achieved for some irregularly shaped cavities, avoiding temperature measurement blind spots. This is beneficial for controlling the electric heating tube to accurately heat and control the mold, ensuring that the actual temperature of the forging mold is basically consistent with the preset temperature, thereby improving the quality of the forgings. Simultaneously, multiple thermocouples 12 can be embedded in the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8, and the thermocouples 12 in the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8 are preferably distributed at multiple points along the mold cavity contour. The multiple thermocouples 12 indirectly measure the temperature at multiple points around the mold cavity, which can assist in precise temperature control of the mold and help achieve a constant mold temperature. Figure 2 The diagram shows an irregular cavity with an asymmetrical structure and multiple irregular convex corners. By arranging multiple thermocouples 12 along the cavity contour as described above, thermocouples 12 can be placed at any position on the irregular cavity contour, avoiding temperature measurement blind spots and improving the temperature measurement accuracy of the mold cavity.

[0059] During operation, the control system 13 reads the temperature data of the upper and lower molds and the thermocouples 12 on the upper and lower mold bases. Based on a PID algorithm, it controls the heating power of the first electric heating element 14 and the second electric heating element 9. When the actual mold temperature is much lower than the set temperature, the first electric heating element 14 and the second electric heating element 9 output full power. When the temperature rises to near the set temperature, the output power of the first electric heating element 14 and the second electric heating element 9 decreases non-linearly. In special cases such as switching process parameters, if the actual mold temperature is much higher than the set temperature, the first electric heating element 14 and the second electric heating element 9 stop heating; when the temperature drops to near the set temperature, the output power of the first electric heating element 14 and the second electric heating element 9 gradually increases non-linearly. The actual temperature control accuracy is within ±5℃.

[0060] In this embodiment, a heat insulation component is also provided. Since both the upper die holder 3 and the lower die holder 8 need to be connected to the forging equipment 16, and the forging equipment 16 itself has high strength and precision requirements, if the temperature insulation measures during operation are inadequate, it will affect the equipment's fit clearance, leading to oil leakage, poor guiding accuracy, and may even cause irreversible damage to the forging equipment 16. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a heat insulation component between the upper die holder 3 and the lower die holder 8 and the forging equipment 16 to reduce or block heat conduction from the upper and lower dies and die holders to the forging equipment 16, ensuring that the temperature of the forging equipment 16 does not exceed 50°C. This reduces heat dissipation and energy consumption, while effectively preventing the temperature of the dies and die holders from affecting the forging equipment 16. As a preferred embodiment, the heat insulation component in this embodiment includes a stainless steel heat insulation plate and a cooling plate arranged sequentially. For distinction, the heat insulation component between the upper die holder 3 and the forging equipment 16 includes an upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 and an upper cooling plate 1. Figure 1 As shown, the upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 is disposed between the upper die base 3 and the upper cooling plate 1, with the upper cooling plate 1 positioned close to the forging equipment 16; similarly, the heat insulation assembly disposed between the lower die base 8 and the forging equipment 16 includes a lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 and a lower cooling plate 11, as shown. Figure 1 As shown, the lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 is disposed between the lower die base 8 and the lower cooling plate 11, with the lower cooling plate 11 positioned close to the forging equipment 16. The structure of the lower cooling plate 11 is identical to that of the upper cooling plate 1. Taking the lower cooling plate 11 as an example, it includes a lower plate and a lower cooling channel 11-1 disposed on the lower plate. The lower cooling channel 11-1 is used for cooling water circulation. At the same time, a cooling plate temperature measuring device is disposed on the lower plate, and the cooling plate temperature measuring device is communicatively connected to the control system.

[0061] In this embodiment, both the upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 and the lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 are preferably made of 304 stainless steel, with a thermal conductivity of less than 22 W / (mK) and a yield strength of more than 200 MPa.

[0062] In this embodiment, the upper cooling plate 1 and the lower cooling plate 11 are preferably metal plates with a thickness of not less than 100 mm. The cooling channels on the upper cooling plate 1 and the lower cooling plate 11 are preferably circular channels with a hole diameter of 15-25 mm.

[0063] In this embodiment, the aforementioned cooling plate temperature measuring device is preferably a thermocouple 12, which is inserted into the lower plate and positioned to avoid the lower cooling channel 11-1. The lower plate is preferably a metal plate, and the lower cooling channels 11-1 on it are all U-shaped channels. One end of the U-shaped channel serves as a cooling water inlet, and the other end serves as a cooling water outlet. Multiple sets of the aforementioned U-shaped lower cooling channels 11-1 can be simultaneously provided on the lower plate. Taking the simultaneous provision of two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 on the lower plate as an example... Figure 3 As shown, the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 are arranged symmetrically, with the cooling water inlets of the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 adjacent to each other, while the cooling water outlets of the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 are far apart. This symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of lower cooling channels 11-1 ensures uniform distribution of cooling water circulation within the plate, which is beneficial for rapidly cooling the stainless steel heat insulation plate and the forging equipment 16, achieving the effect of heat insulation.

[0064] In this embodiment, both the temperature measuring device and the cooling plate temperature measuring device are preferably thermocouples 12, and their temperature measurement range can be 0 to 600°C.

[0065] In this embodiment, a cooling water tank is also included. The cooling water tank is connected to the cooling water inlet of each cooling channel via an inlet pipe and to the cooling water outlet of each cooling channel via a return pipe. A water pump, valve, and flow meter are installed on both the inlet and outlet pipes. All the water pumps, valves, and flow meters are communicatively connected to the control system. The water pumps provide power for pressurizing and circulating the cooling water. The valves control the opening and closing of the inlet and return pipes. If a proportional valve is used, it can receive analog electrical signals and control the liquid flow rate. The flow meter assists in monitoring the cooling water flow rate. The control system can adjust the cooling water flow rate based on the temperature readings from the cooling plate temperature measuring device. In the actual forging process, the flow rate of cooling water pumped by the water pump can be set to no less than 0.5 L / s through the control system 13. During operation, the upper and lower cooling plates control the cooling water circulation flow rate separately to ensure the cooling effect. Thermocouples on the upper and lower cooling plates monitor the temperature of the cooling plates. The control system 13 reads the temperature signal. When the temperature of the upper and lower cooling plates is higher than 50°C, the control system 13 automatically adjusts the current or voltage signal sent to the proportional valve through PID control to increase the flow rate of the proportional valve (i.e., the aforementioned valve). When the temperature of the upper and lower cooling plates is lower than 50°C, the flow rate of the proportional valve (i.e., the aforementioned valve) is reduced accordingly, thereby controlling the temperature within the set temperature range.

[0066] The forging system with mold heating function proposed in this technical solution also has mold base heating and mold base insulation functions. It can be used for forging aluminum alloy parts and prevents the heat generated by the heating tube from being conducted to the forging equipment, so as to achieve precise and stable temperature control of the mold during the forging process, meet the forging temperature requirements of the billet, and isolate heat to avoid affecting the forging equipment. The installation and working principle of the above forging system are explained in detail below:

[0067] (I) The installation steps are as follows:

[0068] (1) The upper cooling plate 1, the lower cooling plate 11, the upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 and the lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 are installed on the forging equipment 16 in sequence by means of threaded connection.

[0069] (2) The upper die holder 3 and the lower die holder 8 are positioned by positioning keys or positioning pins and installed on the forging equipment 16 by hydraulic clamping. The hydraulic clamping method has a large clamping force and is easy to disassemble and assemble. The upper die 5 and the lower die 6 are installed on the upper die holder 3 and the lower die holder 8 by wedges, pressure plates or screws, respectively, which facilitates disassembly and assembly.

[0070] (3) A second electric heating element 9 and a thermocouple 12 are installed at the midpoint between the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8. During operation, the control system 13 reads the temperature data of the thermocouple and controls the heating power of the heating element according to the PID algorithm. When the actual temperature is much lower than the set temperature, the heating element outputs full power; when the temperature rises to near the set temperature, the output power of the heating element decreases non-linearly. In special cases such as switching process parameters, if the actual temperature is much higher than the set temperature, the heating element stops heating; when the temperature drops to near the set temperature, the output power of the heating element gradually increases non-linearly. The actual temperature control accuracy is within ±5℃.

[0071] (4) An upper heating plate 4 and a lower heating plate 7 are installed on the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8, respectively. A special-shaped heating tube, namely the first electric heating tube 14, is pre-embedded between the upper heating plate 4 and the lower heating plate 7. The thermal field distribution between the forging and the mold is calculated by numerical simulation, and the shape and specifications of the first electric heating tube 14 along the cavity contour are designed. Thermocouples 12 are set at multiple points around the mold cavity to ensure precise temperature control.

[0072] (II) The working steps and principles are as follows:

[0073] Step S1: Thermocouple 12 monitors the temperature of the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6;

[0074] Step S2: The control system 13 uses a PID algorithm to control the first electric heating tube 14, which is embedded in the upper heating plate 4 and the lower heating plate 7, to heat the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6. When the actual measured temperature of the mold is much lower than the set 300°C, the first electric heating tube 14 outputs full power; when the mold temperature rises to close to the set 300°C, the output power of the first electric heating tube 14 decreases nonlinearly.

[0075] Step S3: Thermocouple 12 monitors the temperature of the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8;

[0076] Step S4: Control system 13 uses a PID algorithm to control the second electric heating tube 9 to heat the upper mold base 3 and the lower mold base 8. When the actual measured temperature of the mold base is much lower than the set 200℃, the second electric heating tube 9 outputs full power. When the temperature of the mold base rises to close to the set 200℃, the output power of the second heating tube 9 decreases non-linearly. The actual temperature control accuracy is within ±5℃.

[0077] Step S5: The upper stainless steel heat insulation plate 2 and the lower stainless steel heat insulation plate 10 isolate the heat from the upper die holder 3 and the lower die holder 8 from being transferred to the forging equipment 16.

[0078] Step S6: Start the cooling water circulation on the upper cooling plate 1 and the lower cooling plate 11 respectively.

[0079] Step S7: Thermocouple 12 is used to measure the temperature of the upper cooling plate 1 and the lower cooling plate 11 respectively. When the temperature of the cooling plate is higher than 50°C, the control system 13 adjusts the proportional valve to increase the cooling water flow rate. When the temperature of the cooling plate is lower than 50°C, the control system 13 adjusts the proportional valve to reduce the cooling water flow rate.

[0080] As described above, this technical solution can heat the mold by pre-embedded electric heating tubes in the heating plate, and accurately measure the temperature at key locations in the mold cavity through multi-point measurement; the electric heating tubes heat the mold base to provide auxiliary heating and heat preservation for the mold, keeping the mold temperature constant, ensuring that the billet temperature is within the forging temperature range, improving the quality of aluminum alloy forging products, and achieving good product consistency; the use of stainless steel heat insulation plates and cooling plates to isolate heat achieves the effect of avoiding heat affecting the forging equipment.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] This embodiment provides a forging system with a mold heating function. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that this embodiment does not have a heating plate between the forging mold and the corresponding mold base. Instead, the first electric heating tube 14 is directly installed inside the mold, for example, by inserting the first electric heating tube 14 into the side walls of the upper and lower molds. Apart from this, the remaining structural configuration, working principle, and technical effects are the same as in Embodiment 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0084] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A forging die heating method characterized by, The forging system with the mold heating function is implemented, and the forging system with the mold heating function comprises an upper die holder, a lower die holder, an upper die, a lower die, a forging equipment, a first electric heating pipe, a second electric heating pipe, a temperature measuring device and a control system, the first electric heating pipe is arranged on the upper die and the lower die; or, a heating plate is arranged between the upper die and the upper die holder and between the lower die and the lower die holder, the first electric heating pipe is embedded in the heating plate, and the first electric heating pipe is distributed along the profile of the mold cavity to heat the upper die and the lower die; the second electric heating pipe is embedded in the upper die holder and the lower die holder to heat and keep warm the upper die and the lower die; The temperature measuring device is used to detect the temperature of the upper die, the lower die, the upper die holder and the lower die holder; the control system is in communication connection with the temperature measuring device, the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe, and the control system can adjust the heating temperature of the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe according to the measured temperature of the temperature measuring device, so that the upper die, the lower die, the upper die holder and the lower die holder are heated or kept at a constant temperature; The forging mold heating method comprises: The first electric heating pipe is used to heat the forging mold; The second electric heating pipe embedded in the die holder is used to heat the die holder; The temperature of the forging mold is detected by the thermocouple arranged in the mold, and the thermocouple in the mold is distributed at multiple points along the profile of the mold cavity; the temperature of the die holder is detected by the thermocouple arranged on the die holder, and the thermocouple on the die holder is distributed at multiple points along the profile of the mold cavity; The control system reads the temperature data of the temperature measuring device on the upper and lower dies and the upper and lower die holders, controls the heating power of the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe according to the PID algorithm, and when the actual temperature of the mold is far lower than the set temperature, the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe output at full power; when the mold temperature rises close to the set temperature, the output power of the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe is nonlinearly reduced.

2. The forging die heating method according to claim 1, characterized by, A heating plate is arranged between the forging mold and the corresponding die holder, the first electric heating pipe is embedded in the heating plate, and the first electric heating pipe is distributed along the profile of the mold cavity to heat the forging mold.

3. The forging die heating method according to claim 1, characterized by, The first electric heating pipe is arranged on the mold to directly heat the forging mold.

4. A forging system having a die heating function, comprising an upper die holder, a lower die holder, an upper die, a lower die, and a forging apparatus, characterized by, Further comprising: The first electric heating pipe is arranged in the upper die and the lower die; Or, a heating plate is arranged between the upper die and the upper die holder and between the lower die and the lower die holder, the first electric heating pipe is embedded in the heating plate, and the first electric heating pipe is distributed along the profile of the mold cavity to heat the upper die and the lower die; The second electric heating pipe is embedded in the upper die holder and the lower die holder to heat and keep warm the upper die and the lower die; The second electric heating pipe is embedded in the upper die holder and the lower die holder to heat and keep warm the upper die and the lower die; A temperature measuring device is arranged for detecting the temperature of the upper die, the lower die, the upper die holder and the lower die holder; the temperature measuring device is a thermocouple; a plurality of thermocouples are embedded in the upper die holder and the lower die holder, and the thermocouples are distributed at multiple points along the profile of the die cavity; a plurality of thermocouples are inserted into the upper die and the lower die, and the thermocouples are distributed at multiple points along the profile of the die cavity; A control system is in communication with the temperature measuring device, the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe; the control system reads the temperature data of the temperature measuring device on the upper and lower dies and the upper and lower die holders, and controls the heating power of the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe according to the PID algorithm; when the actual temperature of the die is much lower than the set temperature, the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe output at full power; When the temperature of the die rises close to the set temperature, the output power of the first electric heating pipe and the second electric heating pipe is nonlinearly reduced, so that the temperature of the upper die, the lower die, the upper die holder and the lower die holder is raised or kept constant; A heat insulation assembly is arranged between the upper die holder and the forging equipment and between the lower die holder and the forging equipment; the heat insulation assembly is used to reduce the heat conduction of the upper die, the lower die, the upper die holder and the lower die holder to the forging equipment, so that the temperature of the forging equipment does not exceed 50℃; the heat insulation assembly comprises a stainless steel heat insulation plate and a cooling plate arranged in sequence, wherein the stainless steel heat insulation plate is located between the cooling plate and the corresponding die holder, the cooling plate comprises a plate block and a cooling channel arranged on the plate block, the cooling channel is used for circulating cooling water, and a cooling plate temperature measuring device is arranged on the plate block and in communication with the control system.

5. The forging system having a die heating function according to claim 4, characterized by, A cooling water tank is also included, which is connected to the water inlet of the cooling channel through a water inlet pipe and connected to the water outlet of the cooling channel through a water return pipe; a water pump, a valve and a flow meter are arranged on the water inlet pipe and / or the water return pipe, and the water pump, the valve and the flow meter are in communication with the control system.

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