Heavy oil engine

Abstract

The application discloses a heavy oil engine, which comprises a cylinder body and a gas-jetted valve body, the cylinder body is provided with a starting pressure reduction hole; the gas-jetted valve body comprises a gas jetting assembly and a mixed gas recovery cavity, the gas jetting assembly comprises a mixing cavity and a gas jetting valve, the mixing cavity is used for mixing fuel and heated gas to form high-tumble mixed gas, the gas jetting valve sprays the high-tumble mixed gas formed in the mixing cavity into the cylinder body through a throttle valve, and the mixed gas recovery cavity is connected between the starting pressure reduction hole and the mixing cavity and is used for recovering the mixed gas discharged from the pressure reduction hole. The application can solve the problems of low fuel temperature and poor atomization during the cold start of the heavy oil engine, the starting pressure reduction hole of the cylinder body is designed, the structure of the whole fuel injection system is improved and designed in a targeted mode, the fuel mixed gas discharged from the starting pressure reduction hole of the cylinder body is recycled, the fuel is fully mixed by being gas-jetted, and the cold start performance of the heavy oil engine is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engine, in particular to a heavy oil engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The piston type heavy oil (aviation kerosene) engine has the problem of difficult start due to low fuel temperature, poor atomization and difficulty in forming a fire core during the cold start process because of the characteristics of the fuel. In order to improve the atomization quality of the mixture, quickly raise the temperature of the combustion chamber, and accelerate the formation of the fire core, the current common way to optimize the starting performance is to increase the starting speed, fuel temperature and ignition energy.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a heavy oil engine is needed, which can solve the problems of low fuel temperature and poor atomization during the cold start of the heavy oil engine. The design of the cylinder block start decompression hole is combined to improve the design of the whole fuel injection system structure. The fuel mixture gas discharged from the engine cylinder block start decompression hole is recycled and utilized. The fuel is fully mixed with the air injection, which improves the cold start performance of the heavy oil engine. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a heavy oil engine is needed, which can solve the problems of low fuel temperature and poor atomization during the cold start of the heavy oil engine. The design of the cylinder block start decompression hole is combined to improve the design of the whole fuel injection system structure. The fuel mixture gas discharged from the engine cylinder block start decompression hole is recycled and utilized. The fuel is fully mixed with the air injection, which improves the cold start performance of the heavy oil engine.

[0005] The heavy oil engine of the present application comprises a cylinder body and a gas injection valve body, the cylinder body is provided with a starting pressure relief hole; the gas injection valve body comprises a gas injection assembly and a mixed gas recovery cavity, the gas injection assembly comprises a mixing cavity and a gas injection valve, the mixing cavity is used for mixing fuel and heated gas to form high-tumble mixed gas, the gas injection valve sprays the high-tumble mixed gas formed in the mixing cavity into the cylinder body through the throttle valve, the gas injection valve is arranged between the mixing cavity and the throttle valve and is used for spraying the fuel mixed gas into the cylinder body, ensuring that the mixed gas formed by the fuel injection can be completely discharged when the gas injection valve is opened, and the mixed gas recovery cavity is connected between the starting pressure relief hole and the mixing cavity and is used for recovering the mixed gas discharged from the pressure relief hole. The engine cylinder body is provided with a starting pressure relief hole, which reduces the compression resistance of the starting gas; when the engine starts, the engine crankshaft rotates at a low speed, and the piston moves up and down at a slow speed, in the compression stroke, the piston moves to the top dead center, the gas in the cylinder is compressed, and part of the gas can be discharged through the starting pressure relief hole, thereby greatly reducing the resistance in the compression stroke, so that the engine can start at a smaller starting torque; when the engine works normally, the engine crankshaft rotates at a high speed, and the piston moves up and down at a very high speed, only a small amount of compressed gas will be discharged from the starting pressure relief hole to the cylinder, which has little effect on the working performance of the engine under normal working conditions; the piston type heavy oil (aviation kerosene) engine has the problems of low fuel temperature, poor atomization and difficulty in forming a fire core during cold start, which leads to difficult engine starting. The fuel mixed gas discharged from the starting pressure relief hole of the cylinder body is recovered, the recovered gas enters the mixed gas recovery cavity through the one-way valve for heating, then is mixed and atomized with fuel, and then is sprayed into the throttle valve by the gas injection valve. The fuel mixed gas is mixed with air and then enters the engine through the reed valve, and finally enters the combustion chamber for ignition and combustion; before the engine starts, the fuel pump starts to work, fuel enters the fuel injector for heating, and when the temperature reaches the required starting temperature, the engine is ignited and started, and the fuel injector works; the fuel enters the throttle valve through the mixing cavity and the gas injection valve, and finally enters the cylinder body, and the mixed gas recovery cavity is connected with the starting pressure relief hole of the cylinder body through the communication pipeline and the one-way valve; when the engine starts, a small amount of fuel mixed gas discharged from the starting pressure relief hole enters the mixed gas recovery cavity, and the second heating plug heats the gas in the mixed gas recovery cavity according to the signal feedback collected by the intake temperature and pressure sensor; the heated gas enters the mixing cavity through the cavity connection channel, the structure of the mixing cavity is utilized to make the fuel sprayed by the fuel injector and the heated gas fully mixed and atomized in the mixing cavity, then the fuel injection valve sprays the fuel into the throttle valve, and finally the fuel enters the combustion chamber for ignition and combustion; when the engine works normally, the second heating plug will not work.

[0006] Further, the air injection valve body further comprises a first heating plug for heating the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle, the first heating plug sufficiently heats the fuel flowing into the fuel injection nozzle, and the high-temperature fuel gas formed by the fuel injection nozzle enters the mixing chamber, and then the high-temperature fuel gas is sufficiently mixed with the high-temperature gas input from the mixed gas recovery chamber to form high-tumble flow mixed gas, and the temperature sensor is used to read the temperature of the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle in real time.

[0007] Further, the air injection valve body further comprises a first heating plug for heating the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle, the first heating plug sufficiently heats the fuel flowing into the fuel injection nozzle, and the high-temperature fuel gas formed by the fuel injection nozzle enters the mixing chamber, and then the high-temperature fuel gas is sufficiently mixed with the high-temperature gas input from the mixed gas recovery chamber to form high-tumble flow mixed gas, and the temperature sensor is used to read the temperature of the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle in real time.

[0008] Further, the mixed gas recovery chamber is in communication with the starting pressure reduction hole and is provided with a one-way valve with a communication direction from the starting pressure reduction hole to the mixed gas recovery chamber, the mixed gas recovery chamber is arranged close to the mixing chamber, and the mixed gas recovery chamber and the mixing chamber are in communication through a chamber connecting channel, and the one-way valve can ensure that the gas can only be recovered from the starting pressure reduction hole of the cylinder body to the mixed gas recovery chamber and cannot be recovered from the mixed gas recovery chamber to the starting pressure reduction hole of the cylinder body.

[0009] Further, the mixed gas recovery chamber is in communication with the starting pressure reduction hole and is provided with a one-way valve with a communication direction from the starting pressure reduction hole to the mixed gas recovery chamber, the mixed gas recovery chamber is arranged close to the mixing chamber, and the mixed gas recovery chamber and the mixing chamber are in communication through a chamber connecting channel, and the one-way valve can ensure that the gas can only be recovered from the starting pressure reduction hole of the cylinder body to the mixed gas recovery chamber and cannot be recovered from the mixed gas recovery chamber to the starting pressure reduction hole of the cylinder body.

[0010] Further, the second heating plug is arranged away from the mixing chamber to avoid contact between the second heating plug and the mixed gas in the mixing chamber to cause misfire.

[0011] Further, the mixing chamber and the mixed gas recovery chamber are in communication through at least one chamber connecting channel, the chamber connecting channel is arranged to give way to surrounding parts, and the mixing chamber and the mixed gas recovery chamber are in communication through the chamber connecting channel to ensure the relative independence between the two chambers and to achieve the purpose of delivering gas from the mixed gas recovery chamber to the mixing chamber, to ensure that the fuel sprayed by the fuel injection nozzle is tumbled with the heated gas in the mixing chamber to be sufficiently mixed and atomized, and to avoid overflow of the mixed gas.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the heavy oil engine disclosed by the present application can solve the problems of low fuel temperature and poor atomization of the heavy oil engine during cold start through the improvement of the overall air injection scheme of the engine, the design of the cylinder body starting pressure relief hole is combined with the targeted improvement design of the structure of the whole fuel injection system, the fuel gas discharged from the engine cylinder body starting pressure relief hole is recycled and utilized, the fuel is fully mixed with the air injection, and the cold start performance of the heavy oil engine is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments:

[0014] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the cylinder body of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the air injection valve body of the present application;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the air injection airway of the present application;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the subassembly connection structure of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the cylinder body of the present application, Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the air injection valve body of the present application, Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the air injection airway of the present application, Figure 4As shown in the schematic diagram of the subassembly connecting structure of the present application, the heavy oil engine in the embodiment comprises a cylinder body 1 and a gas injection valve body 2, the cylinder body 1 is provided with a starting pressure relief hole 1a; the gas injection valve body 2 comprises a gas injection assembly and a mixed gas recovery cavity 22a, the gas injection assembly comprises a mixing cavity 21a and a gas injection valve 21b, the mixing cavity 21a is used for mixing fuel and heated gas to form high-rolling flow mixed gas, the gas injection valve 21b sprays the high-rolling flow mixed gas formed in the mixing cavity 21a into the cylinder body 1 through a throttle valve 25, the gas injection valve 21b is arranged between the mixing cavity 21a and the throttle valve 25 and is used for spraying the fuel mixed gas into the cylinder body 1, and it is ensured that the mixed gas formed by the oil injection can be completely discharged when the gas injection valve 21b is opened, and the mixed gas recovery cavity 22a is connected between the starting pressure relief hole 1a and the mixing cavity 21a and is used for recovering the mixed gas discharged from the pressure relief hole.The engine cylinder block 1 is equipped with a starting pressure relief port 1a to reduce the compression resistance of the starting gas. When the engine starts, the crankshaft speed is low and the piston moves up and down slowly. During the compression stroke, the piston moves to the top dead center, and the gas in the cylinder is compressed. Some of the gas can be discharged through the starting pressure relief port 1a, which greatly reduces the resistance during the compression stroke, allowing the engine to start with a small starting torque. When the engine is running normally, the crankshaft speed is high and the piston moves up and down very quickly. Only a small amount of compressed gas will be discharged from the cylinder through the starting pressure relief port 1a, which has little impact on the engine's performance under normal operating conditions. During the cold start process of the piston-type heavy oil (aviation kerosene) engine, due to the characteristics of the fuel itself, the fuel temperature is low, atomization is poor, and it is difficult to form a ignition core, making it difficult to start the engine. The fuel-air mixture that should be discharged from the starting pressure relief port 1a of the cylinder block 1 is recovered and reused. The recovered gas enters the mixture recovery chamber 22a through the one-way valve 24b for heating, then mixes and atomizes with the fuel. The fuel-air mixture is then injected into the throttle valve 25 by the jet valve 21b, where the fuel-air mixture mixes with air. The fuel then enters the engine through reed valve 26 and finally enters the combustion chamber for ignition and combustion. Before the engine starts, the fuel pump starts working first, and the fuel enters the injector cap 23a for heating. When the temperature reaches the required starting temperature, the engine ignites and starts, and the injector 23b works. The fuel passes through the mixing chamber 21a and the injection valve 21b into the throttle valve 25, and finally enters the cylinder block 1. The mixture recovery chamber 22a is connected to the starting decompression port 1a of the cylinder block 1 through the connecting pipe 24a and the one-way valve 24b. When the engine starts, a small amount of fuel-gas mixture is discharged from the starting decompression port 1a. The gas enters the mixture recovery chamber 22a. Based on the signal feedback collected by the intake air temperature and pressure sensor 222a, the second heated plug 221a heats the gas in the mixture recovery chamber 22a. The heated gas enters the mixing chamber 21a through the chamber connection channel 27. Utilizing the structure of the mixing chamber 21a, the fuel injected by the injector 23b and the heated gas form a tumble flow in the mixing chamber 21a and are fully mixed and atomized. Then, the gas is injected into the throttle valve 25 by the jet valve 21b and finally enters the combustion chamber for ignition and combustion. When the engine is working normally, the second heated plug 221a will no longer work.

[0019] In this embodiment, a fuel injection assembly is also included. The fuel injection assembly includes a fuel pump, a fuel injector cap 23a, and a fuel injector 23b. The fuel injector cap 23a is connected to the fuel injector 23b and is used to hold and heat the fuel to be injected in the fuel injector 23b. The fuel injector cap 23a is provided with a fuel inlet 231a connected to the fuel pump in the fuel tank and a fuel return port 232a connected to the fuel tank. The fuel pump pumps the fuel in the fuel tank into the fuel injector cap 23a. The function of the fuel return port 232a is mainly to recover the excess fuel in the fuel injector cap 23a back to the fuel tank. The fuel injector 23b atomizes the fuel flowing into the fuel injector cap 23a and sprays it into the mixing chamber 21a.

[0020] In this embodiment, the air entraining injection valve body 2 further comprises a first heating plug 233a for heating the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle 23a and a temperature sensor 234a for measuring the temperature of the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle 23a, the fuel flowing into the fuel injection nozzle 23a is heated sufficiently by the first heating plug 233a and then forms high-temperature fuel gas through the fuel injector 23b into the mixing chamber 21a, and then the high-temperature fuel gas is mixed with the high-temperature gas input from the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a to form high-tumble flow mixed gas, and the temperature sensor 234a is used to read the temperature of the fuel in the fuel injection nozzle 23a in real time.

[0021] In this embodiment, the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a is in communication with the starting pressure reduction hole 1a and is provided with a one-way valve 24b in a communication direction from the starting pressure reduction hole 1a to the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a, the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a is arranged close to the mixing chamber 21a, and the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a and the mixing chamber 21a are in communication through a chamber connecting channel 27, the one-way valve 24b can ensure that the gas can only be recovered from the starting pressure reduction hole 1a of the cylinder block 1 into the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a and cannot be from the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a to the starting pressure reduction hole 1a of the cylinder block 1.

[0022] In this embodiment, the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a is provided with a second heating plug 221a for heating the gas therein, and the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor 222a for monitoring the temperature and pressure of the gas in real time, and the temperature and pressure sensor 222a is used to read the temperature and pressure of the gas in the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a in real time.

[0023] In this embodiment, the second heating plug 221a is arranged away from the mixing chamber 21a to avoid contact between the second heating plug 221a and the mixed gas in the mixing chamber 21a and cause misfire.

[0024] In this embodiment, the mixing chamber 21a and the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a are in communication through at least one chamber connecting channel 27, the chamber connecting channel 27 is arranged to accommodate surrounding parts, and the mixing chamber 21a and the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a are in communication through the chamber connecting channel 27, which not only ensures the relative independence between the two chambers but also realizes the purpose of the mixed gas recovery chamber 22a delivering gas into the mixing chamber 21a, ensures that the fuel sprayed by the fuel injector 23b and the heated gas form a tumble flow in the mixing chamber 21a to fully mix and atomize, and avoids overflow of the mixed gas.

[0025] The disclosed heavy oil engine can solve the problems of low fuel temperature and poor atomization of the heavy oil engine during cold start by improving the overall air injection scheme of the engine, and the cold start performance of the heavy oil engine is improved by recycling the fuel gas discharged from the start decompression hole 1a of the engine cylinder block 1, air injection of the fuel and full mixing of the fuel.

[0026] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A heavy oil engine characterized by: The cylinder body is provided with a starting pressure relief hole, and the starting pressure relief hole is communicated with the air injection valve through a mixed gas recovery cavity provided on the air injection valve body. The air injection valve body further comprises an air injection assembly, which comprises a mixing cavity and an air injection valve. The mixing cavity is used for mixing fuel and heated gas to form high-turbulence mixed gas, and the air injection valve sprays the high-turbulence mixed gas formed in the mixing cavity into the cylinder body through the throttle valve. The air injection valve body further comprises an oil injection assembly, which comprises a fuel pump, an oil injection nozzle and an oil injector.

2. The heavy oil engine according to claim 1, characterized by: The oil injection nozzle and the oil injector are communicated to hold and heat the fuel to be injected in the oil injector.

3. The heavy oil engine according to claim 1, characterized by: The oil injection nozzle is provided with an oil inlet communicated with the fuel pump in the oil tank and an oil return port communicated with the oil tank.

4. The heavy oil engine according to claim 1, characterized by: Further comprising a first heating plug for heating the fuel in the oil injection nozzle and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fuel in the oil injection nozzle.

5. The heavy oil engine according to claim 4, characterized by: The mixed gas recovery cavity is provided with a second heating plug for heating the gas in the mixed gas recovery cavity.

6. The heavy oil engine according to claim 5, characterized by: The mixed gas recovery cavity is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure of the inlet gas. The second heating plug is arranged away from the mixing cavity. The mixing cavity and the mixed gas recovery cavity are communicated through at least one cavity connecting channel, and the cavity connecting channel is arranged to be spaced apart from the surrounding parts.

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