One-way valve with flow detection and flow detection method

Abstract

The invention provides a one-way valve with flow detection and a one-way valve flow detection method. The one-way valve comprises a left valve body, a right valve body, a valve core and a distance measuring rod. The left valve body and the right valve body are connected to each other to form a valve body, a valve core mounting hole is opened on the central axis of the valve body, and after the valve core is installed in the valve core mounting hole, it is limited in the valve core mounting hole by a retaining ring. The distance measuring rod consists of two horizontal rods and a vertical rod connected between the two horizontal rods, one horizontal rod horizontally extends out of the valve body, and the other horizontal rod is connected to the valve core, and a mounting hole for mounting the ranging rod is provided in the valve body, the mounting holes comprise a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole. The first mounting hole is arranged on the left valve body, is parallel to the central axis of the left valve body, and is connected to the second mounting hole. The second mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the valve body, and intersects and is connected to the oil inlet passage. The oil flow through the one-way valve can be detected accurately and quickly in real time, thereby enhancing the overall control capability of the hydraulic system during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of one-way valves, and in particular to a one-way valve with flow detection function and a flow detection method. Background Art

[0002] Current one-way valves do not have automatic flow detection devices. If the flow through the one-way valve needs to be detected, a measuring cup and stopwatch or a turbine flow meter is usually used to roughly determine the flow through the one-way valve by detecting the overall flow in the system. The oil flow through the one-way valve cannot be accurately and quickly detected, and instead is determined based on empirical values. This can lead to large errors between the determined flow value and the actual value due to leakage of hydraulic components or pressure loss of the liquid in the pipeline.

[0003] However, in some specific hydraulic systems, we need to accurately know the liquid flow entering the hydraulic system through the one-way valve in order to improve the stability of the hydraulic system and prevent leakage due to excessive service life or damage of the one-way valve, which may cause insufficient or unstable pressure in the hydraulic system and lead to safety accidents. Therefore, there are great hidden dangers in the application of existing one-way valves to hydraulic systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of ordinary one-way valves and provide a one-way valve with flow detection, and a one-way valve flow detection method, which can accurately and quickly detect the oil flow through the one-way valve in real time, thereby enhancing the overall control ability of the hydraulic system during operation.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a one-way valve with flow detection, comprising a left valve body, a right valve body, a valve core and a distance measuring rod; the left valve body and the right valve body are connected to each other to form a valve body, and the central axis of the valve body is provided with an oil inlet passage, a valve core mounting hole, a retaining ring mounting hole, and an oil outlet passage that are interconnected, the oil inlet passage extends to the right valve body, the valve core mounting hole is stepped, and the valve core mounting hole comprises a conical hole surface, a cylindrical hole 1, and a cylindrical hole 2 that are sequentially connected to each other, the left end of the conical hole surface is connected to the oil inlet passage, and the inner diameter increases gradually from the left end to the right end, the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 2 matches the outer diameter of the valve core, the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 2, and the inner diameter of the left end of the conical hole surface is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 2. The diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the valve core. After the valve core is installed in the valve core mounting hole, it is limited in the valve core mounting hole by the retaining ring; the distance measuring rod is composed of two horizontal rods and a vertical rod connected between the two horizontal rods. One horizontal rod extends horizontally out of the valve body, and the other horizontal rod is connected to the valve core. A mounting hole for installing the distance measuring rod is provided in the valve body. The mounting holes include mounting hole one and mounting hole two. Mounting hole one is provided on the left valve body and is parallel to the center axis of the left valve body and is connected to mounting hole two. Mounting hole two is composed of two semi-cylindrical holes. The two semi-cylindrical holes are correspondingly provided on the opposite surfaces of the left valve body and the right valve body. Mounting hole two is perpendicular to the center axis of the valve body, intersects with and is connected to the oil inlet channel.

[0006] The mounting hole 1 has five mounting grooves evenly distributed from left to right, and the five grooves are respectively equipped with a dust ring, a step seal, a support ring 1, a Y-shaped sealing ring, and a support ring 2; the minimum distance between two adjacent mounting grooves is 5mm.

[0007] The distance measuring rod is chrome-plated; the horizontal rod extending out of the valve body is provided with scale lines, and when the valve core is fully closed, the zero scale line on the horizontal rod is flush with the outer side surface of the left valve body.

[0008] The oil inlet passage is stepped, and includes a tapered hole 1, a cylindrical hole 1, and a cylindrical hole 2, which are connected in sequence and have gradually decreasing apertures. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 1 is larger than the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole 1 and smaller than the aperture of the large end of the tapered hole. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 2 is smaller than the cylindrical hole 1 and smaller than or equal to the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole. The oil outlet passage is stepped, and includes a cylindrical hole 3 and a tapered hole 2 with gradually increasing apertures. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole 2 and smaller than the aperture of the large end of the tapered hole 2. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the retaining ring mounting hole.

[0009] The valve core comprises a valve core body with a hollow structure at one end and a spring. The spring is installed between the hollow structure and the retaining ring. The outer wall of the valve core body is provided with a plurality of through holes which penetrate the hollow structure.

[0010] The retaining ring is a stepped cylindrical surface, the outer diameter of one end of which matches the inner diameter of the spring, and the outer diameter of the other end matches the retaining ring mounting hole.

[0011] The left and right valve bodies are provided with convex rings at the opposite ends, with corresponding screw holes on the convex rings, and the left and right valve bodies are assembled together by bolts and nuts; an annular groove is provided on the end face of the convex ring of the right valve body, and an O-ring is installed in the annular groove.

[0012] The angle between the inclined surface of the conical surface and the horizontal plane is 45°.

[0013] The specific calculation formula for oil flow is as follows:

[0014] 1) When the one-way valve is closed and the reading on the ranging rod is m=0:

[0015] The valve core is tightly attached to the left end of the conical surface of the valve core mounting hole. The oil cannot flow from the oil inlet through the valve core mounting hole to the oil outlet. The measured oil flow rate q = 0;

[0016] 2) The one-way valve is partially open and the reading m on the rangefinder is between 0 and AD (AD is the depth of the cone hole, and AD = AC × sin45°);

[0017]

[0018] Where: q: instantaneous oil flow through the one-way valve;

[0019] EF: outer diameter of valve core 2;

[0020] AC: The length of the hole wall of the tapered hole

[0021] P1: oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet channel;

[0022] P2: oil pressure at the outlet of the oil channel;

[0023] μ: dynamic viscosity of the oil (usually 0.1 Pa·s);

[0024] 3) When the one-way valve is in the maximum open state and the reading on the ranging rod 5 is m≥AD:

[0025]

[0026] Where: q: instantaneous oil flow through the one-way valve;

[0027] GH: inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 1 of the valve core installation hole;

[0028] CD: The maximum clearance between the valve core and the conical hole wall of the valve core installation hole, CD = AD, AD = AC × sin45°;

[0029] CG: Depth of the cylindrical hole 1 of the valve core installation hole;

[0030] μ: dynamic viscosity of the oil, taken as 0.1 Pa·s;

[0031] P1: oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet channel;

[0032] P2: Oil pressure at the outlet of the oil channel.

[0033] A one-way valve flow detection method includes the one-way valve described in any one of the above technical solutions, and the flow detection method includes the following steps:

[0034] 1) Measure the outer diameter EF of the valve core, the length AC of the conical hole wall of the core mounting hole, the inner diameter GH of the cylindrical hole 1, and the hole depth CG of the cylindrical hole 1;

[0035] 2) According to the formula AD = AC × sin45°, the depth value AD of the cone hole is obtained;

[0036] 3) After fixing the distance measuring rod to the top of the valve core, install the whole into the right valve body first. The right end of the valve core is limited by the retaining ring. Then, pass the distance measuring rod through the mounting hole on the left valve body. It is best to connect and fix the left valve body with the right valve body to obtain a complete one-way valve.

[0037] 4) Install the one-way valve assembled in step 3) into the hydraulic system;

[0038] 5) During the normal use of the hydraulic system, the flow rate of the check valve is detected in real time:

[0039] When the reading on the ranging rod is 0 < m < AD, the oil flow rate of the check valve is calculated according to the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Where: q: the instantaneous oil flow rate through the check valve;

[0042] EF: the outer diameter of the valve core;

[0043] AC: the length of the hole wall of the tapered hole;

[0044] P1: the oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet passage;

[0045] P2: the oil pressure at the outlet of the oil outlet passage; P1 and P2 are measured by pressure gauges set at both ends of the check valve;

[0046] μ: the dynamic viscosity of the oil (generally taken as 0.1 Pa·s);

[0047] When the reading on the ranging rod is m ≥ AD, the check valve is fully open at this time, and the oil flow rate through the valve remains unchanged thereafter. The oil flow rate of the check valve is calculated according to the following formula.

[0048]

[0049] Where: q: the instantaneous oil flow rate through the check valve;

[0050] GH: the inner diameter of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core installation hole;

[0051] CD: the maximum gap between the valve core and the hole wall of the tapered hole of the valve core installation hole, CD = AD, AD = AC × sin45°;

[0052] CG: the depth of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core installation hole;

[0053] μ: the dynamic viscosity of the oil, taken as 0.1 Pa·s;

[0054] P1: the oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet passage;

[0055] P2: the oil pressure at the outlet of the oil outlet passage; P1 and P2 are measured by pressure gauges set at both ends of the check valve. [[ID=5)2]] [[ID=T53]]

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the function of automatically detecting the flow rate, and can accurately and quickly detect the oil flow rate through the check valve in real time, enhancing the overall control ability during the operation of the hydraulic system. Description of the Drawings

[0057] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is not working (in the closed state);

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when the valve port is opened to the maximum during operation;

[0059] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow direction of the oil of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve body of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 It is a partial enlargement of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0063] Figure 7 It is a partial enlargement of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0064] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the present invention applied to a hydraulic system;

[0065] In the figure: 1. Right valve body; 2. Valve core; 3. Spring; 4. Retaining ring; 5. Distance measuring rod; 6. Mounting slot 1; 7. Mounting slot 2; 8. Mounting slot 3; 9. Mounting slot 4; 10. Mounting slot 5; 13. Valve core mounting hole; 14. Oil inlet passage; 15. Oil outlet passage; 16. Left valve body; 17. O-ring; 18. Oil pump; 19. Solenoid valve; 20. Overflow valve; 21. Oil cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3The present invention includes a right valve body 1, a left valve body 16, a valve core 2, a ranging rod 5 connected to the valve core 2, a spring 3, and a retaining ring 4; the left valve body 16 and the right valve body 1 are connected to each other to form a valve body, and the central axis of the valve body is provided with an oil inlet channel 14, a valve core mounting hole 13, a retaining ring mounting hole, and an oil outlet channel 15 that are interconnected. The oil inlet channel 14 extends to the right valve body 1, and the valve core mounting hole 13 is stepped, including a conical hole, a cylindrical hole 1, and a cylindrical hole 2 that are sequentially connected to each other. The left end of the conical hole is connected to the oil inlet channel 14, and the inner diameter increases gradually from the left end to the right end. The inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 2 is the same as the outer diameter of the valve core 2. Matching, the inner diameter of cylindrical hole one is larger than the inner diameter of cylindrical hole two, the inner diameter of the left end of the conical hole is equal to the outer diameter of the valve core 2, and the valve core 2 is installed in the valve core mounting hole 13, and is limited in the valve core mounting hole 13 by the retaining ring 4; the distance measuring rod 5 is composed of two horizontal rods and a vertical rod connected between the two horizontal rods, one horizontal rod extends horizontally out of the valve body, and the other horizontal rod is connected to the valve core 2. A mounting hole for installing the distance measuring rod 5 is provided in the valve body, and the mounting holes include mounting hole one and mounting hole two. Mounting hole one is provided on the left valve body 16, and is parallel to the central axis of the left valve body 16, and is connected to mounting hole two, and mounting hole two is composed of two The left valve body 16 and the right valve body 1 are respectively provided with semi-cylindrical holes, and the two semi-cylindrical holes are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the left valve body 16 and the right valve body 1. The mounting hole 2 is perpendicular to the center axis of the valve body, intersects with and is connected to the oil inlet channel 14; the mounting hole 1 is evenly distributed with five mounting grooves (6 to 10) from right to left. In order to prevent the oil from being unloaded, the mounting groove 1 6 is used to place the supporting ring 2, which plays a supporting role to prevent the ranging rod 5 from bending due to its slenderness, causing the valve core to be stuck; the mounting groove 2 7 is used to place the Y-type sealing ring, which plays a sealing role to prevent oil leakage, and the groove of the Y-type sealing ring can resist a certain oil pressure to make the sealing effect better; the mounting groove 2 ... Y-type sealing ring can resist a certain oil pressure to make the sealing effect better; the mounting groove 2 is used to place the Y-type sealing ring, which plays a sealing role to prevent oil leakage, and the Y-type sealing ring can Groove three 8 is used to place support ring one, which has the same function as support ring two in mounting groove one 6, so that the supporting effect can be better under the action of two support rings; mounting groove four 9 is used to place step seal, which plays a sealing role to prevent oil leakage; mounting groove five 10 is used to place dust ring, which is used to prevent external dust from entering the valve core; the minimum spacing between two adjacent mounting grooves is 5mm. When the spacing is less than 5mm, if the oil pressure is too large, the mounting groove is easily deformed, thereby damaging the sealing element; but when the spacing is too large, materials and space are wasted, so a spacing of 5mm is selected, and the sealing effect is excellent.

[0067] The valve core 2 includes a valve core body with a hollow structure at one end and a spring 3. The outer wall of the valve core body is provided with multiple through holes that pass through the hollow structure; the retaining ring 4 is a stepped cylindrical surface, the outer diameter of one end matches the inner diameter of the spring 3, and the outer diameter of the other end matches the retaining ring mounting hole. The retaining ring 4 is fixed to the retaining ring mounting hole in the valve body by threads, one end of the spring 3 is sleeved on the retaining ring 4, and the other end is against the bottom surface of the inner hole of the valve core 2, so that when it is not working, the spring is in a compressed state.

[0068] The ranging rod 5 and the valve core 2 are welded together. In order to prevent rust and to increase the service life of the ranging rod 5 so that it can move freely in the mounting hole, the surface of the ranging rod 5 is chrome-plated; a scale line is provided on the horizontal rod extending out of the valve body. When the valve core 2 is fully closed, the zero scale line on the horizontal rod is flush with the outer side of the left valve body 16.

[0069] When not working normally, due to the action of the spring 3, the valve core 2 is pressed tightly against the left end of the conical surface of the valve core mounting hole 13, so that the oil cannot flow from the oil inlet channel 14 through the gap between the valve core mounting hole 13 and the valve core 2 to the oil outlet channel 15, so that the one-way valve is in a closed state; when the oil enters the oil inlet channel 14 and is gradually pressurized, the oil pressure at the oil inlet channel 14 reaches the starting pressure of the one-way valve (that is, the oil pressure is greater than the elastic force of the spring), under the action of the oil pressure, the valve core 2 is pushed open, so that the valve core 2 is separated from the left end of the conical surface of the valve core mounting hole 13, and the oil then flows from the oil inlet channel 14 through the gap between the valve core 2 and the valve body port 13 to the oil outlet channel 15; then the reading on the ranging rod 5 is read to read the oil flow and pressure passing through the valve.

[0070] Figure 4 In the figure, the oil inlet passage 14 is stepped, and the oil inlet passage 14 includes a tapered hole 1, a cylindrical hole 1, and a cylindrical hole 2 with gradually decreasing apertures connected in sequence. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 1 is larger than the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole 1 and smaller than the aperture of the large end of the tapered hole. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 2 is smaller than the cylindrical hole 1 and less than or equal to the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole. The oil outlet passage 15 is stepped, and the oil outlet passage 15 includes a cylindrical hole 3 and a tapered hole 2 with gradually increasing apertures. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole 2 and smaller than the aperture of the large end of the tapered hole 2. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the retaining ring mounting hole. The left valve body 16 and the right valve body 1 are provided with convex rings at opposite ends, and corresponding screw holes are provided on the convex rings, and the left valve body 16 and the right valve body 1 are assembled together by bolts and nuts. An annular groove is provided on the end face of the convex ring of the right valve body 1, and an O-ring 17 is installed in the annular groove.

[0071] Figure 5 In the figure, the angle between the inclined surface of the conical surface and the horizontal plane is 45°.

[0072] The oil flow through the valve is calculated using the reading m of the distance measuring rod 5. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0073] 1) When the one-way valve is in the closed state (m=0), the opening of the valve core 2 is 0, and the oil cannot flow from the oil inlet passage 14 through the valve core mounting hole 13 to the oil outlet passage 15. The measured oil flow rate q=0;

[0074] 2) When the oil pressure increases and the one-way valve is in the open state, that is, when m is between 0 and AD (AD is the depth of the conical surface, and AD = AC × sin45°):

[0075] As the valve core moves to the right, m ​​gradually increases, and the oil flow q through the one-way valve gradually increases.

[0076] According to the formula:

[0077] Where: q: instantaneous oil flow through the one-way valve;

[0078] B: gap width perpendicular to the drawing plane;

[0079] h1: The minimum clearance between the valve core 2 and the conical hole of the valve core mounting hole 13;

[0080] h2: Maximum clearance between the valve core 2 and the conical hole of the valve core mounting hole 13;

[0081] P1: oil pressure at the inlet of oil inlet channel 14;

[0082] P2: oil pressure at the outlet of oil channel 15;

[0083] L: length of the cone gap;

[0084] μ: dynamic viscosity of the oil (usually 0.1 Pa·s);

[0085] When the valve core 2 is opened to the point E, the conversion process is as follows:

[0086] Points A, E, and D are collinear, h1 = BE; h2 = CD;

[0087] AE is the current movement distance of the valve core 2, that is, the reading on the distance measuring rod in m. Therefore, L = AD-AE = AD-m; ∠CAD = 45°, AD = CD = AC × sin45°, L = AC × sin45°-m, h1 = BE = AE = m, h2 = CD = AD = AC × sin45°; B = π × EF;

[0088] The oil flow through the valve is obtained by conversion:

[0089]

[0090] 3) The oil pressure continues to increase and the valve core continues to move to the right. At this time, the one-way valve is in the maximum open state. When the reading on the ranging rod 5 is m≥AD:

[0091] At this time, regardless of whether the oil pressure in the oil inlet channel increases or whether the valve core continues to move to the right, the oil flow rate q through the one-way valve remains unchanged, and its value is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Where: q is the instantaneous oil flow rate through the one-way valve; GH is the inner diameter of the second cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole 13; CD is the maximum clearance between the valve core 2 and the hole wall of the tapered hole of the valve core mounting hole 13, CD = AD, and AD = AC × sin45°; CG is the depth of the second cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole 13; μ is the dynamic viscosity of the oil, taking 0.1 Pa·s; P1 is the oil pressure at the oil inlet 14; P2 is the oil pressure at the oil outlet 15.

[0094] Figure 6 、 Figure 7 In it, the Y-shaped groove of the Y-shaped sealing ring faces the side of the valve core 2. When oil flows through, under the action of the oil pressure, the Y-shaped groove is split, thereby blocking the oil flow and playing a sealing role.

[0095] Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the one-way valve of the present invention applied to a hydraulic system. The oil pipe at the oil outlet of the fuel tank is successively transported to the two oil inlets of the oil cylinder 21 through the oil pump 18, the one-way valve designed by the present invention, and the solenoid valve 19. The branch pipe led out from the oil pipe between the one-way valve and the solenoid valve 19 is connected to the oil return port of the fuel tank through the overflow valve 20; pressure gauges are respectively arranged on the two ports of the one-way valve.

[0096] The flow rate detection method of the one-way valve of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0097] 1) Measure the outer diameter value EF of the valve core 2; and the length value AC of the hole wall of the tapered hole of the valve core mounting hole 13, the inner diameter GH of the first cylindrical hole, and the depth value CG of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole;

[0098] 2) According to the formula AD = AC × sin45°, obtain the depth value AD of the tapered hole;

[0099] 3) After fixing the ranging rod 5 on the top of the valve core 2, the whole is first installed into the right valve body 1. The right end of the valve core 2 is limited by the retaining ring 4, and then the ranging rod 5 is passed through the mounting hole on the left valve body 16. It is best to connect and fix the left valve body 16 and the right valve body 1 to obtain a complete one-way valve;

[0100] 4) Install the one-way valve assembled in step 3) into the hydraulic system;

[0101] 5) During the normal use of the hydraulic system, perform real-time detection of the flow rate of the one-way valve:

[0102] When the reading m on the ranging rod 5 < AD, calculate the oil flow rate of the one-way valve according to the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] Where: q: the instantaneous oil flow rate through the one-way valve;

[0105] EF: the outer diameter of the valve core 2;

[0106] AC: length of the hole wall of the tapered hole;

[0107] P1: oil pressure at the inlet of oil inlet channel 14;

[0108] P2: Oil pressure at the outlet of oil outlet channel 15; P1 and P2 are measured by pressure gauges installed at the two ports of the one-way valve;

[0109] μ: dynamic viscosity of the oil (usually 0.1 Pa·s);

[0110] When the reading on the ranging rod 5 is m≥AD, the one-way valve is fully opened. After that, the oil flow through the valve remains unchanged. The oil flow of the single-phase valve is calculated according to the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] Where: q: instantaneous oil flow through the one-way valve;

[0113] GH: inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 1 of the valve core mounting hole 13;

[0114] CD: The maximum clearance between the valve core 2 and the conical hole wall of the valve core mounting hole 13, CD = AD, AD = AC × sin45°;

[0115] CG: Depth of the cylindrical hole 1 of the valve core mounting hole 13;

[0116] μ: dynamic viscosity of the oil, taken as 0.1 Pa·s;

[0117] P1: oil pressure at the inlet of oil inlet channel 14;

[0118] P2: Oil pressure at the outlet of oil outlet channel 15; P1 and P2 are measured by pressure gauges installed at the two ports of the one-way valve.

[0119] The one-way valve of the present invention can be used to monitor the oil flow rate of the oil cylinder at any time. According to the formula: v0 = q / A, q is the instantaneous oil flow rate of the one-way valve, which is equal to the instantaneous oil flow rate of the oil cylinder 21, and A is the effective working area of ​​the piston of the oil cylinder 21. In this way, the instantaneous speed of the piston at any position can be accurately obtained.

[0120] When the general Figure 8 When the one-way valve in the hydraulic system is replaced with an ordinary one-way valve without flow detection, it is necessary to calculate the buffer speed of the cylinder (that is, the buffer time of the cylinder piston) when testing the hydraulic system cylinder, especially when testing the cylinder with buffer. According to the formula t c =v0 / a m , a m =v0 2 / 2se , we get v0 = 2s e / t c ;

[0121] Where: t c : Buffer time (obtained by counting with a stopwatch during the test);

[0122] v0: The speed of the piston at the beginning of buffering;

[0123] s e : Buffer stroke of the piston;

[0124] a m : average deceleration of the piston;

[0125] The speed obtained by this calculation method is the average speed, not the instantaneous speed, because in actual working conditions, the piston has an acceleration stage and a deceleration stage at both ends of the buffer stroke; therefore, the buffer speed obtained by this calculation method has errors.

Claims

1. A one-way valve with flow detection, characterized in that: The invention comprises a left valve body (16), a right valve body (1), a valve core (2) and a distance measuring rod (5); the left valve body (16) and the right valve body (1) are connected to each other to form a valve body, and the central axis of the valve body is provided with an oil inlet passage (14), a valve core mounting hole (13), a retaining ring mounting hole, and an oil outlet passage (15) which are mutually connected. The oil inlet passage (14) extends to the right valve body (1), and the valve core mounting hole (13) is stepped. The valve core mounting hole (13) comprises a conical hole, a cylindrical hole 1, and a cylindrical hole 2 which are sequentially connected to each other. The left end of the conical hole is connected to the oil inlet passage (14), and the inner diameter increases gradually from the left end to the right end. The inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 2 matches the outer diameter of the valve core (2), the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole 2, and the inner diameter of the left end of the conical hole is equal to the inner diameter of the valve core ( 2), after the valve core (2) is installed in the valve core mounting hole (13), it is limited in the valve core mounting hole (13) by the retaining ring (4); the distance measuring rod (5) is composed of two horizontal rods and a vertical rod connected between the two horizontal rods, one horizontal rod horizontally extends out of the valve body, and the other horizontal rod is connected to the valve core (2), and the valve body is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the distance measuring rod (5), the mounting holes include mounting hole 1 and mounting hole 2, the mounting hole 1 is provided on the left valve body (16), and is parallel to the center axis of the left valve body (16) and is connected to the mounting hole 2, the mounting hole 2 is composed of two semi-cylindrical holes, the two semi-cylindrical holes are correspondingly provided on the opposite surfaces of the left valve body (16) and the right valve body (1), the mounting hole 2 is perpendicular to the center axis of the valve body, and intersects and is connected with the oil inlet passage (14); The first mounting hole has five mounting grooves evenly distributed from left to right, and the five grooves are respectively equipped with a dust ring, a step seal, a support ring 1, a Y-shaped sealing ring, and a support ring 2; the minimum spacing between two adjacent mounting grooves is 5mm; The distance measuring rod (5) is chrome-plated on the outside; a scale line is provided on the horizontal rod extending outside the valve body, and when the valve core (2) is fully closed, the zero scale line on the horizontal rod is flush with the outer side surface of the left valve body (16).

2. A one-way valve with flow detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet passage (14) is stepped, and the oil inlet passage (14) includes a tapered hole 1, a cylindrical hole 1, and a cylindrical hole 2, which are connected in sequence and have gradually decreasing apertures. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 1 is larger than the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole 1 and smaller than the aperture of the large end of the tapered hole. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 2 is smaller than the cylindrical hole 1 and smaller than or equal to the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole. The oil outlet passage (15) is stepped, and the oil outlet passage (15) includes a cylindrical hole 3 and a tapered hole 2 with gradually increasing apertures. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the small end of the tapered hole 2 and smaller than the aperture of the large end of the tapered hole 2. The aperture of the cylindrical hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the retaining ring mounting hole.

3. A one-way valve with flow detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve core (2) comprises a valve core body with a hollow structure at one end, and a spring (3). The spring (3) is installed between the hollow structure and the retaining ring (4). The outer wall of the valve core body is provided with a plurality of through holes that penetrate the hollow structure.

4. A one-way valve with flow detection according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The retaining ring (4) is a stepped cylindrical surface, the outer diameter of one end of which matches the inner diameter of the spring (3), and the outer diameter of the other end of which matches the retaining ring mounting hole.

5. A one-way valve with flow detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opposite ends of the left valve body (16) and the right valve body (1) are provided with convex rings, and corresponding screw holes are provided on the convex rings. The left valve body (16) and the right valve body (1) are assembled together through bolts and nuts; an annular groove is provided on the end face of the convex ring of the right valve body (1), and an O-ring seal (17) is installed in the annular groove.

6. A one-way valve with flow detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the inclined surface of the tapered hole and the horizontal plane is 45°.

7. A one-way valve with flow detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific calculation formula for the oil flow rate is as follows: 1) When the one-way valve is in the closed state and the reading m on the distance measuring rod (5) is 0: The valve core (2) is closely attached to the left port of the tapered hole of the valve core mounting hole (13), and the oil cannot flow from the oil inlet passage (14) through the valve core mounting hole (13) to the oil outlet passage (15). The measured oil flow rate q = 0; 2) When the one-way valve is in a partially open state and the reading m on the distance measuring rod (5) is between 0 and AD: ； Where: q: The instantaneous oil flow rate passing through the one-way valve; EF: The outer diameter of the valve core (2); AC: The length of the hole wall of the tapered hole : Oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet channel (14); : Oil pressure at the outlet of the oil outlet channel (15); : Dynamic viscosity of oil; AD is the depth of the cone surface, and AD=AC sin45°; 3) When the one-way valve is in the fully open state and the reading m on the distance measuring rod (5) is m≥AD: ； In the formula: q: The instantaneous oil flow rate passing through the one-way valve; GH: The inner diameter of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole (13); CD: The maximum clearance between the valve core (2) and the conical hole wall of the valve core mounting hole (13), CD=AD, AD=AC sin45°; CG: The depth of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole (13); : dynamic viscosity of the oil, taken as 0.1 Pa·s; : Oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet channel (14); : Oil pressure at the outlet of the oil outlet channel (15).

8. A method for detecting flow rate of a one-way valve, characterized by: Including the one-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the flow rate detection method includes the following steps: 1) Measure the outer diameter value EF of the valve core (2); and the length value AC of the hole wall of the tapered hole of the valve core mounting hole (13), the inner diameter GH of the first cylindrical hole, and the hole depth value CG of the first cylindrical hole; 2) According to the formula AD=AC sin45°, get the depth value AD of the cone hole; 3) After fixing the distance measuring rod (5) on the top of the valve core (2), the whole is first installed into the right valve body (1), and the right end of the valve core (2) is limited by the retaining ring (4). Then, the distance measuring rod (5) is passed through the mounting hole on the left valve body (16), and finally the left valve body (16) and the right valve body (1) are connected and fixed to obtain a complete one-way valve; 4) Install the one-way valve assembled in step 3) into the hydraulic system; 5) During the normal use of the hydraulic system, the flow rate of the one-way valve is detected in real time: When the reading 0 < m < AD on the distance measuring rod (5), calculate the oil flow rate of the one-way valve according to the following formula: ； Where: q: The instantaneous oil flow rate passing through the one-way valve; EF: The outer diameter of the valve core (2); AC: The length of the hole wall of the tapered hole; : Oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet channel (14); : Oil pressure at the outlet of the oil outlet channel (15); 、 Measured by pressure gauges set at the two ports of the one-way valve; : dynamic viscosity of oil; When the reading m≥AD on the distance measuring rod (5), at this time the one-way valve is already fully open, and the oil flow rate passing through the valve remains unchanged thereafter. Calculate the oil flow rate of the one-way valve according to the following formula, ； Where: q: The instantaneous oil flow rate passing through the one-way valve; GH: The inner diameter of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole (13); CD: The maximum clearance between the valve core (2) and the conical hole wall of the valve core mounting hole (13), CD=AD, AD=AC sin45°; CG: The depth of the first cylindrical hole of the valve core mounting hole (13); : dynamic viscosity of the oil, taken as 0.1 Pa·s; : Oil pressure at the inlet of the oil inlet channel (14); : Oil pressure at the outlet of the oil outlet channel (15); 、 It is measured by pressure gauges installed at the two ports of the one-way valve.

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