A power control system for indoor equipment based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention discloses an indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things, including a communication module, a collection module, a control module and a cloud platform. The collection module collects the power consumption behavior data of the indoor equipment and transmits it to the communication module through the serial port. The communication module adopts the development method of OpenCPU, and realizes the data processing and communication functions at the same time. Based on the Bayesian prediction model algorithm, the cloud platform calculates the best power saving plan for the indoor equipment on the day according to the power consumption behavior data of the indoor equipment sent in real time by the communication module, past experience, and power saving strategies stored in the model library, and sends the power saving plan according to the network status of the communication module. The communication module executes the power saving plan through the control module according to the received instructions. While reducing manual management and statistical energy consumption, this system can ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data and realize the integration of power monitoring and digital management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of Internet of Things, relates to energy-saving control of indoor equipment, and specifically to an indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] The contradiction between rapid economic growth and decreasing resources is becoming increasingly acute, and one of the most prominent issues is the use of electricity. Telecom indoor equipment is one of the equipment that is included in the control, and the energy saving of indoor equipment has attracted much attention.

[0003] For the indoor distributed equipment that has been put into use, if you want to realize its intelligent energy-saving function, you usually need to make major circuit changes, which will inevitably cost a lot of time and money. At the same time, the energy-saving circuits between the indoor distributed equipment are independent of each other and cannot form a complete system to reflect the specific energy-saving indicators. Replacing new indoor distributed equipment will bring greater installation costs, especially in the context of chip shortages. The market is in short supply and most chips have risen in price due to shortages. Many electronic industries have stopped production or reduced production. It is obviously unrealistic to replace and upgrade a large number of indoor distributed equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes an indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things, which uses OpenCPU technology to process the power collected by the metering chip, and sends the collected information to the Internet of Things cloud platform through the Internet of Things communication technology. According to the real-time monitored power consumption behavior data, the corresponding energy-saving strategy is selected, and instructions are sent to the terminal to execute the corresponding actions. While reducing manual management and statistical power consumption, it ensures the real-time and accuracy of the data, and realizes the integration of power monitoring and digital management.

[0005] An indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things includes a communication module, a collection module, a control module and a cloud platform.

[0006] The communication module adopts the NB-IOT full-network Internet of Things module MN316, uses the OpenCPU development method, and is connected to the control module and the acquisition module through the IO port and the serial port respectively, and realizes data receiving and sending and control functions at the same time.

[0007] The acquisition module acquires the power consumption behavior data of the indoor equipment and transmits the acquired data to the communication module through the serial port.

[0008] The control module receives the control signal sent by the communication module and controls the power on and off of the room equipment through the magnetic holding relay.

[0009] The cloud platform realizes remote information transmission through narrowband Internet of Things communication technology, receives data uploaded by the communication module, displays the online status of the communication module, the installation point and the switch status of the indoor equipment, and the energy saving after statistical analysis, and provides a historical data query function. The power saving plan of the indoor equipment is obtained through the Bayesian prediction model algorithm and sent to the communication module. The design of the power saving plan includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Collect electricity consumption data for multiple days, and record the constant mean discount model for each moment t as DLM{1,1,V,δ}, where V represents the error amount and δ represents the discount factor. A model library is established based on the different electricity consumption characteristics of special holidays and ordinary working days.

[0011] Step 2: At time t-1, the cloud platform receives the data μ uploaded by the communication module. t-1 , first according to the state error ω t ~N[0,W t ], using the observation equation: μ t =μ t-1 +ω t Get the state μ at the next moment t , which is the predicted value of the power usage at the next time point. Then, according to the signal value sent by the communication module, it is judged whether the signal state of the communication module is stable.

[0012] Step 3: By observing the error or noise term v t ~N[0,V], using the state equation: y t =μ t +v t Predict the power usage y that is closest to the actual value at the next moment t .

[0013] Step 4. According to the calculation results of step 3, the electricity consumption curve model of the indoor equipment on that day is fitted, and combined with the real-time electricity consumption behavior data sent by the communication module, the electricity consumption behavior model that best suits the indoor equipment on that day is matched from the model library according to the Euclidean distance algorithm. For the electricity consumption behavior model, the method of inflection point calculation, prediction or judgment of function trend changes is used to infer the time when the electricity consumption trough of the indoor equipment on that day appears, so as to obtain the best power saving time.

[0014] Step 5: The cloud platform sends the calculated optimal power saving time to the communication module to control the relay switch. When the signal state of the communication module is unstable, the cloud platform sends the optimal power saving plan for the day every 20 minutes. When the signal is stable, the cloud platform sends the optimal power saving time for the day every 2 hours, so as to avoid the communication module being offline due to unstable signal state and unable to perform power saving tasks.

[0015] Step 6: After a natural day ends, the cloud platform selects the closest model from the model library based on the electricity consumption behavior data received that day, performs nonlinear regression with the electricity consumption behavior data of that day, and updates and trains the model.

[0016] As a preference, the power usage y of the fitted real value t The Satopaa algorithm is used to process discrete data. When calculating the inflection point of the electricity consumption behavior model, the Angle_based algorithm is used based on the idea of ​​curvature to solve the problem that the inflection point algorithm of discrete data is difficult to calculate.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. It adopts the domestically developed OpenCPU technology and uses the communication module as the main processor. It does not require an additional CPU chip, simplifies the development process of the communication terminal, and effectively reduces board space, product power consumption and system cost.

[0019] 2. Using magnetic latching relay as control circuit has the advantages of stable performance, low power consumption, small size, energy saving and environmental protection, large carrying capacity, etc. The state switching can be realized by pulse signal, and the transient current at the moment of action is very low, which can control high-power circuits with very low power consumption.

[0020] 3. It reduces a lot of time and energy. There is no need to manually open and close the device and record and calculate the power consumption of the device every day, thus realizing the integration of power monitoring and digital management.

[0021] 4. There is no need for manual switching of equipment in different areas based on work experience. Each device can autonomously learn and optimize the model in the model library based on the power consumption information collected by different devices on that day to obtain the best power-saving time for this indoor device, thus improving the disadvantage of large manual prediction errors.

[0022] 5. Adopt a cloud computing power-saving solution based on the Internet of Things cloud platform, using inflection point detection algorithm, Euclidean distance algorithm and Bayesian prediction model algorithm, using the power consumption behavior data obtained from the operator's experience, the Bayesian power saving strategy model in the current database, and the power consumption behavior data collected the day before for fitting analysis, predict the power consumption behavior data for the day, and thus analyze the best power saving time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a control system block diagram in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power module circuit used in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the communication module circuit in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the Internet of Things card used in the communication module in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the acquisition module in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control module circuit in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 It is the working flow chart of the control system; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a new type of intelligent control system based on the Internet of Things includes a communication module, an acquisition module, a control module and a cloud platform. The power supply circuit includes a step-down circuit for a 72V DC voltage and an anti-reverse connection protection circuit; the acquisition module is a metering circuit for collecting voltage, current, power and power consumption, and transmitting data with the communication module through UART; the communication module includes an antenna circuit and an Internet of Things card circuit, so that the NB-IOT module can realize data transmission with the cloud platform through narrowband LTE technology; the control module is a magnetic latching relay circuit, which receives instructions from the NB-IOT module and changes the on and off of the magnetic latching relay.

[0032] Design as Figure 2 The power module shown is connected to the power supply line of the indoor equipment, and converts the 72V voltage of the indoor equipment power supply into 12V, 5V, and 3.3V working voltages through the voltage conversion circuit, providing stable voltage support for the communication module, acquisition module, and control module. The power module includes a 72V-12V power circuit, a 12V-3.3V power circuit, a 12V-5V power circuit, and a 5V-3.3V power circuit.

[0033] The 72V-12V power supply circuit converts the 72V voltage of the indoor distribution equipment into a 12V voltage through a voltage regulator, and has an anti-reverse connection function. Pin 1 of the first voltage regulator U1 is connected to the 72V input voltage of the indoor distribution equipment. The two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 3 of the first voltage regulator U1, and the two ends of the second capacitor CF2 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 9 of the first voltage regulator U1. The positive end of the first electrolytic capacitor E1 is connected to pin 1 of the first voltage regulator U1, and the negative end is connected to the source of the Nmos tube Q1 and the ground. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to pin 1 of the first voltage regulator U1 and one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the gate of the Nmos tube Q1. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the negative pole of the light-emitting diode LED1. The positive pole of the light-emitting diode LED1 and the drain of the Nmos tube Q1 are connected to the ground. Pins 9 and 6 of the first voltage regulator U1 are grounded. The two ends of the first capacitor C1 are respectively connected to the 7th and 8th pins of the first voltage regulator U1. The cathode of the first voltage regulator diode D1 is connected to the 8th pin of the first voltage regulator U1, and the cathode is connected to the ground. The positive end of the second electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the 4th pin of the first voltage regulator U1 through the first resistor R1, and is connected to the 8th pin of the first voltage regulator U1 through the first inductor L1. The two ends of the fifth resistor R5 are connected between the 4th pin of the first voltage regulator U1 and the ground, and the two ends of the twenty-seventh electrolytic capacitor CF27 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second electrolytic capacitor C2, and the positive end of the second electrolytic capacitor outputs a 12V voltage.

[0034] The 12V-3.3V power supply circuit converts the 12V voltage outputted from the positive end of the second electrolytic capacitor C2 into a 3.3V voltage. Pin 3 of the third voltage regulator U3 is connected to the positive end of the second electrolytic capacitor C2 and one end of the eighth capacitor C8. The other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to pin 1 of the step-down chip U3 and to ground. The eleventh capacitor C11 and the negative electrode of the fourth electrolytic capacitor C4 are connected to pin 1 of the third voltage regulator U3. The other end of the eleventh capacitor C11 and the positive electrode of the fourth electrolytic capacitor C4 are connected to pin 2 of the third voltage regulator U3, and output a 3.3V voltage.

[0035] The 12V-5V power supply circuit inputs the 12V voltage output from the positive end of the second electrolytic capacitor C2 into the isolation circuit for voltage isolation and voltage reduction, and outputs 5V for use by other modules. In the isolation circuit, the fourth isolator U4 with model B1205 is used to isolate the 12V and 5V voltages, wherein the 2nd pin of the fourth isolator U4 is connected to one end of the ninth capacitor C9 and the positive end of the second electrolytic capacitor C2; the 1st pin is connected to the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 and the ground; the 3rd pin is connected to one end of the tenth capacitor C10 and the ground, and the 4th pin is connected to the other end of the tenth capacitor C10, and outputs a voltage of +5V for use by other modules.

[0036] The 5V-3.3V power supply circuit converts the 5V voltage output from the 4th pin of the fourth isolator U4 into a 3.3V isolated voltage for use by other modules. Among them, the 5V voltage is input from the 3rd pin of the second voltage regulator U2; the positive end of the fifth electrolytic capacitor C5 and one end of the seventh capacitor C7 are connected to the 3rd pin of the second voltage regulator U2, and the other end is connected to the 1st pin of the second voltage regulator U2 and the ground. The positive end of the third electrolytic capacitor C3 and one end of the sixth capacitor C6 are connected to the 2nd pin of the second voltage regulator U2, and output a 3.3V isolated voltage, and the other end is connected to the ground.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the communication module uses the NB-IOT full-network IoT module MN316, which supports Band3 / Band5 / Band8 frequency bands and meets the technical range of China Mobile's cellular IoT general module. And this module includes the development method of OpenCPU, which can use this communication module as the main processor of the entire line, replacing the traditional MCU, simplifying the line design and improving the stability of the entire system. OpenCPU contains many development resources, such as: it comes with 40K programmable Flash, 100K running memory and 396K BIN firmware burning space. And built-in timers, communication interfaces such as SPI interface, UART interface, I2C interface can realize various timing tasks and communication tasks. In addition, it also includes a built-in 10-bit A / D converter, which can realize fast A / D acquisition of 0-1000mV voltage. The excellent performance of OpenCPU can meet the needs of terminal data acquisition, preprocessing and line control. The highly integrated circuit not only reduces the design and cost of the hardware structure, but also simplifies the developer's development process for wireless applications and improves the stability of the entire system.

[0038] The peripheral circuits of the communication module include antenna circuit, reset circuit and program burning interface. MN316 module U7 provides an RF pad interface to connect the external antenna U8. The characteristic impedance of the RF trace from the pad to the antenna connector needs to be controlled at about 50Ω, which is achieved through a π-type impedance circuit connected to pin 27. The reset circuit provides a high level of more than 6s to the MN316 module U7 through an RC circuit connected to pin 17. Then the RESET pin is at a low level and the chip enters normal working state. The filtered 3.3V isolated voltage is connected to pins 31 and 32 of the MN316 module U7 to provide operating voltage for the MN316 module U7.

[0039] like Figure 4As shown, the 2nd, 3rd and 6th pins of the USIM card U11 are connected to the 12th, 13th and 14th pins of the MN316 module U7 through the 32nd resistor R32, the 34th resistor R34 and the 36th resistor R36 respectively, the 5th pin of the USIM card U11 is suspended, the 4th pin is grounded, the 1st pin is grounded through the 21st capacitor C21 and connected to the 15th pin of the MN316 module U7. The 28th capacitor C28, the 27th capacitor C27 and the 26th capacitor C26 are grounded at one end and connected to the 2nd, 3rd and 6th pins of the USIM card U11 respectively, and the other end is grounded. The 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th pins of the ESD chip U10 are connected to the 1st, 2nd, 6th and 3rd pins of the USIM card U5 respectively to prevent the influence of static electricity generated externally on the internal system and ensure that the communication module can send signals normally.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the acquisition module uses the HLW8110 metering chip to collect the voltage and current of the indoor equipment. Among them, the 3rd pin of the metering chip U9 is connected to the live wire of the indoor equipment power supply through the 25th resistor R25, the 28th resistor R28, the 29th resistor R29, and the 24th resistor R24 ​​in sequence to realize voltage acquisition. One end of the sampling resistor R21 is connected to the neutral line of the indoor equipment power supply, and is connected to the 1st pin of the metering chip U9 through the 19th resistor R19, and the other end is grounded, and is connected to the 2nd pin of the metering chip U9 through the 23rd resistor R23. The 1st and 2nd pins of the metering chip U9 are grounded through the 16th capacitor C16 and the 17th capacitor C17 respectively, the 4th pin is directly grounded, and the 5th pin is connected to the ground through the 20th capacitor C20. The 8th pin is connected to the 3.3V input voltage and connected to the ground through the 18th capacitor C18; the 6th and 7th pins are connected to the 4th and 8th pins of the optocoupler U5 respectively. And it is connected to 3.3V through the eighth resistor R8. The 6th pin of the acquisition module is connected to the 4th pin of the optocoupler U5. Pin 1 of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the 3.3V isolation voltage through the ninth resistor R9, pin 2 is connected to pin 39 of the MN316 module U7, pin 3 is connected to the 3.3V input voltage through the twelfth resistor R12, pins 5 and 7 are connected to ground, and pin 6 is connected to pin 40 of the MN316 module and connected to the 3.3V isolation voltage through the tenth resistor R10.

[0041] like Figure 6As shown, the control module receives the instruction of the communication module and controls the switch of the power supply of the indoor equipment through the magnetic latching relay. Unlike general electromagnetic relays, the normally closed or normally open state of the magnetic latching relay is completely dependent on the action of the permanent magnet, and the conversion of its switch state is completed by triggering a pulse electrical signal of a certain width. When the contacts of the relay need to switch the open and closed state, it is only necessary to use a positive or negative DC pulse voltage to excite the coil, and the magnetic latching relay completes the open and closed state conversion in an instant. In this application, a 12V voltage is used to drive the magnetic latching relay, so it is necessary to amplify the control signal sent by the communication module. Pin 1 of the magnetic latching relay JK1 is connected to one end of the 30th resistor R30, the cathode of the second diode D2, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2, pin 2 is connected to one end of the 31st resistor R31, the cathode of the third diode D3, and the emitter of the third transistor Q3, pin 5 is connected to the 12V voltage, and pins 3 and 4 are connected to the main circuit of the power supply of the indoor equipment. The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the 34th pin of the MN316 module U7 through the 33rd resistor R33, and is grounded through the 37th resistor R37, and the collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the ground. The base of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the 35th pin of the MN316 module U7 through the 33rd resistor R35, and is grounded through the 38th resistor R38, and the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the ground.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it is the workflow diagram of the control system. According to the data flow processing direction, the acquisition module first needs to calibrate the gain error and power error of the internal PGA to obtain the calibration coefficients of current and power. By collecting data of voltage, current, power and power, the characteristic values ​​such as the on / off status and energy consumption of the indoor equipment are analyzed, and the data is sent to the cloud platform through the communication module. After receiving the data information, the cloud platform first performs integrity check and analysis on the data packet to determine the data category in the data packet. For the energy consumption data packet, after parsing, the current energy consumption related information and the terminal switch state feature related information are obtained, and the terminal switch state feature related information is matched and analyzed with the related information in the relational database, and it is transmitted to the energy consumption data algorithm for analysis and calculation, and then it is stored in the relational database for use in the next energy consumption analysis; for the terminal instruction state feature packet, after parsing, the instruction operation result of the current terminal is obtained, and the relevant information in the relational database is updated according to the instruction operation result. The energy consumption data calculation algorithm will regularly analyze the energy consumption data of each terminal, so as to calculate and update the energy saving efficiency, total power consumption and other data.

[0043] The communication module controls the collection module to collect the characteristics of the power consumption of the indoor equipment when the indoor equipment is in a stable working state. The cloud platform receives the power consumption information of the indoor equipment through the communication module, analyzes the working rules of the indoor equipment at the current point, and infers the trough time of the current indoor equipment on the day according to the Bayesian prediction model algorithm. According to the current time period, the indoor equipment that needs to be closed is obtained, and the instruction is sent to the communication module. After the instruction is parsed, the magnetic latching relay is operated to control the switch action of the current indoor equipment. In addition, the cloud platform will regularly send the power saving plan of the indoor equipment, combine different dates such as working days and holidays, and analyze the power data collected on the day, and find the best power saving time for this device on the day when the corresponding power saving plan is sent in the model library. The terminal will save this data so that the device can be automatically operated when it is offline, and send the power saving data to the cloud for processing and analysis when it goes online next time. In addition, the power consumption information collected by the terminal every day will train the matching model in the model library, so the model library will gradually become stable over time.

Claims

1. A power control system for indoor equipment based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: Including communication module, acquisition module, control module and cloud platform; The communication module adopts the NB-IOT full-network Internet of Things module MN316, uses the OpenCPU development method, and is connected to the control module and the acquisition module through the IO port and the serial port respectively, and realizes the data receiving and sending and control functions at the same time; the acquisition module collects the power consumption behavior data of the indoor equipment, and transmits the collected data to the communication module through the serial port; the control module receives the control signal sent by the communication module, and controls the power on and off of the indoor equipment through the magnetic latching relay; The cloud platform realizes remote information transmission through narrowband Internet of Things communication technology, receives data uploaded by the communication module, displays the online status of the communication module, the installation point and the switch status of the indoor equipment, and the energy saving after statistical analysis, and provides a historical data query function. The power saving plan of the base station is obtained through the Bayesian prediction model algorithm and sent to the communication module; The power saving plan is issued in the following steps: Step 1: Collect electricity consumption data for multiple days, and record the constant mean discount model at each moment t as DLM{1,1,V,δ}, where V represents the error amount and δ represents the discount factor. A model is established based on the different electricity consumption characteristics of special holidays and ordinary working days, and saved in the model library; Step 2: At time t-1, the cloud platform receives the data μ uploaded by the communication module. t-1 , first according to the state error ω t ~N[0,W t ], using the observation equation: μ t =μ t-1 +ω t Get the state μ at the next moment t , which is the predicted value of the power usage at the next time point; then, according to the signal value sent by the communication module, it is determined whether the signal state of the communication module is stable; Step 3: By observing the error or noise term v t ~N[0,V], using the state equation: y t =μ t +v t Predict the power usage y that is closest to the actual value at the next moment t ; Step 4: According to the calculation result of step 3, the power consumption curve model of the indoor equipment on that day is fitted, and combined with the real-time power consumption behavior data sent by the communication module, the power consumption behavior model that best matches the indoor equipment on that day is matched from the model library according to the Euclidean distance algorithm. For the power consumption behavior model, the method of calculating the inflection point, predicting or judging the trend change of the function is used to infer the time when the power consumption trough of the indoor equipment on that day appears, so as to obtain the best power saving time; Step 5: The cloud platform sends the calculated optimal power-saving time to the communication module to control the relay switch; when the signal state of the communication module is unstable, the cloud platform sends the optimal power-saving plan for the day every 20 minutes, and when the signal is stable, the cloud platform sends the optimal power-saving time for the day every 2 hours; Step 6: After a natural day ends, the cloud platform selects the closest model from the model library based on the electricity consumption behavior data received that day, performs nonlinear regression with the electricity consumption behavior data of that day, and updates and trains the model.

2. The indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power usage of the real value of the fitted discrete t The Satopaa algorithm is used when calculating the inflection point of the electricity consumption behavior model; the Angle_based algorithm is used.

3. The indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electricity usage behavior data includes the voltage, current, power and power consumption of the indoor equipment.

4. The indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The acquisition module uses the HLW8110 metering chip to calculate the power and power consumption of the current indoor distribution equipment using the collected voltage and current of the indoor distribution equipment.

5. The indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The HLW8110 metering chip uses an isolation chip to process the data before sending it to the communication module.

6. The indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The system is connected to the main circuit of the indoor distribution equipment through the power circuit to provide working voltage for the communication module, acquisition module and control module.

7. The indoor equipment power control system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a 72V-12V power supply circuit, a 12V-3.3V power supply circuit, a 12V-5V power supply circuit and a 5V-3.3V power supply circuit; The 72V-12V power supply circuit converts the 72V working voltage used by the indoor distribution equipment into a 12V voltage through a voltage stabilizer; the 12V-3.3V power supply circuit converts the 12V voltage output by the 72V-12V power supply circuit into a 3.3V voltage to power the HLW8110 metering chip in the acquisition module; The 12V-5V power supply circuit converts the 12V voltage output by the 72V-12V power supply circuit into a 5V voltage through an isolation circuit, and then converts it into a 3.3V isolation voltage through a 5V-3.3V power supply circuit to power the isolation chip in the communication module and the acquisition module.

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