Laser welding tool

Abstract

The present application provides a laser welding tool, comprising a cover plate and a base, wherein the bottom surface of the cover plate is provided with a first rib, and the top surface of the base is provided with a second rib. The cover plate can be pressed against the base, and the plate to be welded can be placed between the cover plate and the base. The cover plate can press the plate to be welded via the first rib, so that the plate to be welded is clamped and fixed between the first rib and the second rib along its thickness direction, and along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded, the projections of the first rib and the second rib completely overlap. When using this laser welding tool to clamp the plate to be welded, even if the thickness of the plate to be welded is very thin and the inherent strength of the plate to be welded is low, due to the narrow cross-section of the first rib and the second rib, after clamping the plate to be welded, a large clamping force can be generated on the plate to be welded, thereby firmly clamping the plate to be welded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser welding tooling, and in particular to a laser welding tooling. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding, a highly efficient and precise welding method that utilizes a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source, is widely used in numerous fields, including automotive manufacturing and aerospace. During laser welding, a laser welding fixture can be used to clamp the weldment for ease of operation. However, due to the inherent lack of strength of ultra-thin sheets, conventional welding fixtures are difficult to clamp, hindering the laser welding process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a laser welding tool that can firmly clamp thin plates to be welded.

[0004] The present application provides a laser welding tool, which includes a cover plate and a base, the bottom surface of the cover plate is provided with a first convex rib, and the top surface of the base is provided with a second convex rib, the cover plate can be pressed against the base, and the plate to be welded can be placed between the cover plate and the base, and the cover plate can press the plate to be welded through the first convex rib so that the plate to be welded is clamped and fixed between the first convex rib and the second convex rib along its thickness direction, and along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded, the projections of the first convex rib and the second convex rib completely overlap.

[0005] In one possible design, the cover plate is provided with a weld avoidance hole penetrating the top and bottom surfaces thereof, and the bottom surface of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of first ribs surrounding the weld avoidance hole, and the plurality of first ribs are connected end to end to form a first clamping portion;

[0006] A second clamping portion is provided on the top surface of the base, and the second clamping portion is formed by a plurality of second convex ribs connected end to end. The second clamping portion and the top surface of the base form a weld alignment groove. The preset weld position of the plate to be welded can be clamped and fixed between the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion, and along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded, the weld avoidance hole is aligned with the front face of the preset weld, and the weld alignment groove is aligned with the back face of the preset weld.

[0007] In one possible design, the base is provided with a first air chamber and a first air inlet channel and a first exhaust channel connected to the first air chamber, the first air inlet channel is used to allow shielding gas to enter, and one end of the first exhaust channel is connected to the weld alignment groove;

[0008] The cover plate is provided with a second air chamber and a second air inlet channel and a second exhaust channel connected to the second air chamber. The second air inlet channel is used to allow the protective gas to enter. One end of the second exhaust channel is connected to the weld avoidance hole.

[0009] In a possible design, part of the sidewall of the weld alignment groove protrudes outward to form a ventilation groove, the ventilation groove is connected to the weld alignment groove, and one end of the first exhaust channel is connected to the ventilation groove;

[0010] The axis of the second exhaust passage is perpendicular to the axis of the weld avoidance hole.

[0011] In a possible design, the base is further provided with a third exhaust channel connected to the first air inlet channel, and one end of the third exhaust channel passes through the top surface of the base;

[0012] The laser welding tool also includes a sealing elastomer, which is provided with a vent hole. The sealing elastomer is installed on the top surface of the base, and the third exhaust channel is connected to the vent hole. When the plate to be welded is clamped and fixed between the first rib and the second rib, the bottom surface of the cover plate presses against the sealing elastomer, and the second air inlet channel is connected to the vent hole.

[0013] In a possible design, the cover plate is provided with a laser avoidance groove, the notch of the laser avoidance groove is located on the top surface of the cover plate, and the weld avoidance hole extends from the bottom of the laser avoidance groove to the bottom surface of the cover plate.

[0014] In a possible design, a plurality of avoidance spaces distributed along the thickness direction of the cover plate are provided in the laser avoidance groove, and the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of avoidance spaces decrease successively from the top surface to the bottom surface of the cover plate.

[0015] In one possible design, one of the cover plate and the base is provided with a positioning column, and the other is provided with a positioning hole. The positioning column can cooperate with the positioning hole so that the projections of the first rib and the second rib along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded completely overlap.

[0016] In a possible design, the laser welding tool further includes a pressing member, which is installed on the base and is used to press the cover plate against the base.

[0017] In one possible design, a plurality of mounting areas are evenly distributed on the top surface of the base along the circumference of the base;

[0018] A plurality of the pressing members are provided, and each of the installation areas is installed with the pressing member.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0020] The laser welding tool provided by the present application is capable of clamping and fixing the plate to be welded between the first rib provided on the cover plate and the second rib provided on the base. Even if the thickness of the plate to be welded is very thin and the self-strength of the plate to be welded is low, since the cross-sections of the first rib and the second rib are narrow, after the plate to be welded is clamped, a larger clamping force can be generated on the plate to be welded, and the plate to be welded can be firmly clamped, which is conducive to accurate welding of the welded parts of the plate to be welded. Moreover, after the plate to be welded is clamped and fixed on the first rib and the second rib, the projections of the first rib and the second rib completely overlap along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded, so that the clamping force of the first rib and the second rib on the plate to be welded is uniform, thereby preventing the plate to be welded from being squeezed and deformed.

[0021] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the laser welding tool and the plate to be welded provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cover;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle base;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the middle cover;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the middle base;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing elastomer.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 100-Laser welding tool; 200-Plate to be welded;

[0030] 1-cover plate;

[0031] 11- first convex rib;

[0032] 12-weld avoidance hole;

[0033] 13- first clamping portion;

[0034] 14- Second air chamber;

[0035] 15- second air intake passage;

[0036] 16- second exhaust channel;

[0037] 17-Laser avoidance slot;

[0038] 171-avoidance space;

[0039] 2- base;

[0040] 21- second convex rib;

[0041] 22- second clamping portion;

[0042] 23-weld alignment groove;

[0043] 24-first air chamber;

[0044] 25-first air intake passage;

[0045] 26-first exhaust passage;

[0046] 27-ventilation slot;

[0047] 28- third exhaust channel;

[0048] 29-Installation area;

[0049] 3- Sealing elastomer;

[0050] 31-Ventilation hole.

[0051] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0055] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0056] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described based on the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "on" or "under", it can not only be directly connected to the other element "on" or "under", but also be indirectly connected to the other element "on" or "under" through an intermediate element.

[0057] An embodiment of the present application provides a laser welding tool 100, which can clamp and fix two or more plates 200 to be welded when welding. The plates 200 to be welded can be ultra-thin plates, and the specific thickness of the ultra-thin plates can be, for example, less than 0.2 mm.

[0058] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the laser welding tool 100 includes a cover plate 1 and a base 2. The bottom surface of the cover plate 1 is provided with a first rib 11, and the top surface of the base 2 is provided with a second rib 21. The cover plate 1 can be pressed against the base 2, and the plate 200 to be welded can be placed between the cover plate 1 and the base 2. The cover plate 1 can press the plate 200 to be welded through the first rib 11, so that the plate 200 to be welded is clamped and fixed between the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 along its thickness direction H, and along the thickness direction H of the plate 200 to be welded, the projections of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 completely overlap.

[0059] During use, the plate 200 to be welded can be placed on the second rib 21 of the base 2 first, and then the first rib 11 of the cover 1 and the second rib 21 of the base 2 can be completely aligned in the vertical direction. The cover 1 can then be placed on the plate 200 to be welded, and then the cover 1 can be pressed against the base 2. At this time, the first rib 11 presses against the plate 200 to be welded, so that the plate 200 to be welded is clamped and fixed between the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 along its thickness direction H, completing the clamping and fixation of the plate 200 to be welded. Moreover, at this time, along the thickness direction H of the plate 200 to be welded, the projections of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 completely overlap, so that the clamping force of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 on the plate 200 to be welded is uniform, preventing the plate 200 to be welded from being squeezed and deformed.

[0060] The first rib 11 and the second rib 21 can be identical, so that during operation, the first rib 11 of the cover plate 1 and the second rib 21 of the base 2 can be completely aligned in the vertical direction. That is, after complete alignment, the projections of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 along the thickness direction H of the cover plate 1 completely overlap. In other embodiments, the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 may not be identical, and the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of ​​the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 may be the same, which can also ensure that the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 are completely aligned in the vertical direction.

[0061] In this embodiment, the plate 200 to be welded can be clamped and fixed between the first rib 11 provided on the cover plate 1 and the second rib 21 provided on the base 2. Even if the thickness of the plate 200 to be welded is very thin and the self-strength of the plate 200 to be welded is low, since the cross-sections of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 are narrow, after the plate 200 to be welded is clamped, a larger clamping force can be generated on the plate 200 to be welded, and the plate 200 to be welded can be firmly clamped, which is conducive to accurate welding of the welded parts of the plate 200 to be welded. Moreover, after the plate 200 to be welded is clamped and fixed on the first rib 11 and the second rib 21, the projections of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 completely overlap along the thickness direction H of the plate 200 to be welded, so that the clamping force of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 on the plate 200 to be welded is uniform, thereby preventing the plate 200 to be welded from being squeezed and deformed.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the cover plate 1 is provided with a weld avoidance hole 12 running through its top and bottom surfaces, and a plurality of first ribs 11 are provided on the bottom surface of the cover plate 1 around the weld avoidance hole 12, and the plurality of first ribs 11 are connected end to end to form a first clamping portion 13; the top surface of the base 2 is provided with a second clamping portion 22, and the second clamping portion 22 is formed by a plurality of second ribs 21 connected end to end, and the second clamping portion 22 and the top surface of the base 2 form a weld alignment groove 23, and the preset weld position of the plate 200 to be welded can be clamped and fixed between the first clamping portion 13 and the second clamping portion 22, and along the thickness direction H of the plate 200 to be welded, the weld avoidance hole 12 is aligned with the front of the preset weld, and the weld alignment groove 23 is aligned with the back of the preset weld.

[0063] When in use, the preset weld position of the plate 200 to be welded can be placed on the second clamping part 22 first, and the back of the preset weld of the plate 200 to be welded can be aligned with the weld alignment groove 23. For example, after the two plates 200 to be welded are butt-welded, the weld will be formed at the edge position of the side of the plate 200 to be welded. Therefore, before welding, the edge position of the side of the plate 200 to be welded is the preset weld position; when the two plates 200 to be welded are installed on the laser welding fixture 100, the side to be welded of one of the plates 200 to be welded and the side to be welded of the other plate 200 to be welded can be placed on the second clamping part 22 at the same time, and the edge of the side to be welded of each plate 200 to be welded can be aligned with the weld alignment groove 23; then the cover plate 1 is moved so that the weld avoidance hole 12 is aligned with the two plates 2 00, and then the cover plate 1 is pressed against the base 2, so that the two plates 200 to be welded are clamped and fixed between the cover plate 1 and the base 2, and at this time, along the thickness direction H of the plate 200 to be welded, the projections of the first clamping portion 13 and the second clamping portion 22 completely overlap, so that the first clamping portion 13 and the second clamping portion 22 have uniform clamping force on the side to be welded of the plate 200 to be welded; then use the laser generator to make the emitted laser pass through the weld avoidance hole 12 and act on the edges of the side to be welded of the two plates 200 to be welded, so that the two plates 200 to be welded are welded together; after completing the welding operation, a weld is formed at the edges of the side to be welded of the two plates 200 to be welded, and at this time, the back of the weld is aligned with the weld alignment groove 23, and the front of the weld is aligned with the weld avoidance hole 12.

[0064] In this embodiment, the second clamping portion 22 can serve as the alignment point of the preset weld of the plate 200 to be welded, which facilitates the positioning and placement of the plate 200 to be welded on the base 2, and when the cover plate 1 is pressed against the base 2, the weld avoidance hole 12 provided on the cover plate 1 can be used to align with the preset weld of the plate 200 to be welded, thereby facilitating the accurate placement of the cover plate 1 at the corresponding position, and after the plate 200 to be welded is clamped and fixed between the cover plate 1 and the base 2, since the weld avoidance hole 12 provided on the cover plate 1 is aligned with the preset weld of the plate 200 to be welded, the plate 200 to be welded can be accurately welded after the laser passes through the weld avoidance hole 12.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4-5 As shown, the base 2 is provided with a first air chamber 24 and a first air inlet channel 25 and a first exhaust channel 26 connected to the first air chamber 24, the first air inlet channel 25 is used to pass protective gas, and one end of the first exhaust channel 26 is connected to the weld alignment groove 23; the cover plate 1 is provided with a second air chamber 14 and a second air inlet channel 15 and a second exhaust channel 16 connected to the second air chamber 14, the second air inlet channel 15 is used to pass protective gas, and one end of the second exhaust channel 16 is connected to the weld avoidance hole 12.

[0066] During welding, protective gas is introduced into the first air inlet channel 25, the protective gas enters the first air chamber 24, and then flows into the weld alignment groove 23 through the first exhaust channel 26. Since the weld alignment groove 23 is aligned with the back of the weld at this time, the protective gas flowing into the weld alignment groove 23 can protect the back of the weld; at the same time, protective gas can also be introduced into the second air inlet channel 15, the protective gas enters the second air chamber 14, and then flows into the weld avoidance hole 12 through the second exhaust channel 16. Since the weld avoidance hole 12 is aligned with the front of the weld at this time, the protective gas flowing into the weld avoidance hole 12 can protect the front of the weld. Therefore, in the laser welding tool 100 provided in this embodiment, the protective gas introduced into the base 2 can protect the back side of the weld, and the protective gas introduced into the cover plate 1 can protect the front side of the weld, that is, during laser welding, the weld can be protected on both sides, which can not only effectively solve the problem of weld oxidation, but also the double-sided protective gas can accelerate the cooling of the weld and reduce welding deformation caused by slow cooling speed.

[0067] Specifically, part of the side wall of the weld alignment groove 23 protrudes outward to form a ventilation groove 27, the ventilation groove 27 is connected to the weld alignment groove 23, and one end of the first exhaust channel 26 is connected to the ventilation groove 27; the axis of the second exhaust channel 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the weld avoidance hole 12.

[0068] In this arrangement, the shielding gas in the first air chamber 24 flows into the ventilation groove 27 after passing through the first exhaust channel 26, and the shielding gas in the ventilation groove 27 diffuses to the weld alignment groove 23 in a diffusion manner, thereby protecting the back of the weld, thereby preventing the shielding gas from directly blowing the back of the weld and affecting the weld morphology; the shielding gas in the second air chamber 14 enters the weld avoidance hole 12 after passing through the second exhaust channel 16. Since the axis of the second exhaust channel 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the weld avoidance hole 12, the shielding gas discharged from the second exhaust channel 16 will not blow directly to the front of the weld, but the shielding gas will flow to the front of the weld by its own gravity, thereby also preventing the shielding gas from directly blowing the front of the weld and affecting the weld morphology.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, combined with Figure 1The base 2 is also provided with a third exhaust channel 28 connected to the first air inlet channel 25, and one end of the third exhaust channel 28 passes through the top surface of the base 2; the laser welding tool 100 also includes a sealing elastomer 3, the sealing elastomer 3 is provided with a vent 31, the sealing elastomer 3 is installed on the top surface of the base 2, and the third exhaust channel 28 is connected to the vent 31. When the plate 200 to be welded is clamped and fixed between the first rib 11 and the second rib 21, the bottom surface of the cover plate 1 presses against the sealing elastomer 3, and the second air inlet channel 15 is connected to the vent 31. At this time, part of the shielding gas introduced from the first air inlet channel 25 will enter the first air chamber 24 and then be discharged from the first exhaust channel 26, thereby protecting the back side of the weld; another part of the shielding gas will enter the third exhaust channel 28, and then enter the second air inlet channel 15 after passing through the vent 31 of the sealing elastomer 3, then enter the second air chamber 14, and finally be discharged from the second exhaust channel 16, thereby protecting the front side of the weld.

[0070] In this embodiment, the shielding gas only needs to be introduced from the first air inlet channel 25 of the base 2, that is, part of the shielding gas can enter the first air chamber 24, and the other part of the shielding gas can enter the second air chamber 14, so that during welding, both the front and back sides of the weld are provided with shielding gas, and there is no need to use a shielding gas generating mechanism to ventilate the second air chamber 14 separately, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0071] The sealing elastic body 3 may specifically be a rubber gasket or the like.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the cover plate 1 is provided with a laser avoidance groove 17 , the notch of the laser avoidance groove 17 is located on the top surface of the cover plate 1 , and the weld avoidance hole 12 extends from the bottom of the laser avoidance groove 17 to the bottom surface of the cover plate 1 .

[0073] When the plate 200 to be welded is clamped and fixed between the cover plate 1 and the base 2, the laser emitted by the laser generator is irradiated to the preset weld position of the plate 200 to be welded through the weld avoidance hole 12 for welding. Due to the setting of the laser avoidance groove 17, it is convenient for the laser generator to find the weld avoidance hole 12, and then the laser emitted by the laser generator is accurately irradiated to the preset weld position of the plate 200 to be welded, reducing the difficulty of operation. Especially when using the galvanometer laser welding method, the setting of the laser avoidance groove 17 can prevent the cover plate 1 from blocking the laser.

[0074] Specifically, the laser avoidance groove 17 is provided with a plurality of avoidance spaces 171 distributed along the thickness direction H of the cover plate 1. The cross-sectional areas of the avoidance spaces 171 decrease from the top to the bottom of the cover plate 1. This arrangement can ensure the strength of the cover plate 1 while preventing the cover plate 1 from blocking the laser.

[0075] For example Figure 4As shown, two avoidance spaces 171 are provided in the laser avoidance groove 17. The cross-sectional area of ​​the upper avoidance space 171 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower avoidance space 171, and the cross-sections of the two avoidance spaces 171 are both rectangular, so that the inner side wall of the laser avoidance groove 17 is stepped.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, one of the cover plate 1 and the base 2 is provided with a positioning column (not shown in the figure), and the other is provided with a positioning hole (not shown in the figure). The positioning column can cooperate with the positioning hole so that the projections of the first rib 11 and the second rib 21 along the thickness direction H of the plate 200 to be welded completely overlap, so as to facilitate the alignment of the cover plate 1 and the base 2 and improve operational efficiency.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the laser welding tool 100 further includes a pressing member (not shown in the figure), which is mounted on the base 2 and is used to press the cover 1 against the base 2. The specific structure of the pressing member can be the push-pull fixture disclosed in patent CN201920676586.1, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0078] Specifically, along the circumference of the base 2 , a plurality of installation areas 29 are evenly distributed on the top surface of the base 2 ; a plurality of pressing members are provided, and each installation area 29 is installed with a pressing member.

[0079] For example Figure 1 As shown, the base 2 is specifically a rectangular plate, and mounting areas 29 are respectively provided at the four corners of the rectangular plate. Each mounting area 29 is installed with a pressing member. After the cover 1 is placed on the base 2, the four pressing members are operated to apply pressing pressure to the four corresponding areas of the cover 1, so that the cover 1 is firmly pressed against the base 2.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser welding tool, characterized in that: The laser welding tool comprises a cover plate (1) and a base (2), the bottom surface of the cover plate (1) is provided with a first convex rib (11), and the top surface of the base (2) is provided with a second convex rib (21), the cover plate (1) can be pressed against the base (2), and the plate to be welded (200) can be placed between the cover plate (1) and the base (2), and the cover plate (1) can press the plate to be welded (200) through the first convex rib (11) so that the plate to be welded (200) is clamped and fixed between the first convex rib (11) and the second convex rib (21) along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded (200), and the projections of the first convex rib (11) and the second convex rib (21) completely overlap along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded (200); A plurality of the first convex ribs (11) are connected end to end to form a first clamping portion (13), a plurality of the second convex ribs (21) are connected end to end to form a second clamping portion (22), the second clamping portion (22) and the top surface of the base (2) form a weld alignment groove (23), and the weld alignment groove (23) is aligned with the back surface of the preset weld of the plate to be welded (200); The base (2) is provided with a first air chamber (24), a first air inlet channel (25) and a first exhaust channel (26) in communication with the first air chamber (24), wherein the first air inlet channel (25) is used for introducing protective gas, and one end of the first exhaust channel (26) is in communication with the weld alignment groove (23); Part of the side wall of the weld alignment groove (23) protrudes outward to form a ventilation groove (27), the ventilation groove (27) is communicated with the weld alignment groove (23), and one end of the first exhaust channel (26) is communicated with the ventilation groove (27); The protective gas in the first air chamber (24) flows into the ventilation groove (27) through the first exhaust channel (26) and then diffuses into the weld alignment groove (23) to protect the weld.

2. The laser welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (1) is provided with a weld avoidance hole (12) penetrating the top and bottom surfaces thereof, and the bottom surface of the cover plate (1) is provided with a plurality of the first ribs (11) surrounding the weld avoidance hole (12); The top surface of the base (2) is provided with the second clamping portion (22), and the preset weld position of the plate to be welded (200) can be clamped and fixed between the first clamping portion (13) and the second clamping portion (22), and along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded (200), the weld avoidance hole (12) is aligned with the front face of the preset weld.

3. The laser welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover plate (1) is provided with a second air chamber (14) and a second air inlet channel (15) and a second exhaust channel (16) communicated with the second air chamber (14); the second air inlet channel (15) is used to allow the protective gas to flow in; one end of the second exhaust channel (16) is communicated with the weld avoidance hole (12).

4. The laser welding tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axis of the second exhaust channel (16) is perpendicular to the axis of the weld avoidance hole (12).

5. The laser welding tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base (2) is further provided with a third exhaust channel (28) communicating with the first air inlet channel (25), and one end of the third exhaust channel (28) passes through the top surface of the base (2); The laser welding tool also includes a sealing elastomer (3), the sealing elastomer (3) is provided with a vent (31), the sealing elastomer (3) is installed on the top surface of the base (2), and the third exhaust channel (28) is connected to the vent (31), when the plate to be welded (200) is clamped and fixed between the first rib (11) and the second rib (21), the bottom surface of the cover plate (1) presses against the sealing elastomer (3), and the second air inlet channel (15) is connected to the vent (31).

6. The laser welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover plate (1) is provided with a laser avoidance groove (17), the notch of the laser avoidance groove (17) is located on the top surface of the cover plate (1), and the weld avoidance hole (12) extends from the bottom of the laser avoidance groove (17) to the bottom surface of the cover plate (1).

7. The laser welding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of avoidance spaces (171) distributed along the thickness direction of the cover plate (1) are provided in the laser avoidance groove (17), and the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of avoidance spaces (171) decrease sequentially from the top surface to the bottom surface of the cover plate (1).

8. The laser welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: One of the cover plate (1) and the base (2) is provided with a positioning column, and the other is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning column can cooperate with the positioning hole so that the projections of the first rib (11) and the second rib (21) along the thickness direction of the plate to be welded (200) completely overlap.

9. The laser welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The laser welding tool further comprises a pressing piece, which is mounted on the base (2) and is used to press the cover plate (1) onto the base (2).

10. The laser welding tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the base (2), a plurality of installation areas (29) are evenly distributed on the top surface of the base (2); A plurality of the pressing members are provided, and each installation area (29) is installed with the pressing member.

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