An environmentally friendly dust suppression composition, its preparation method, preparation and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of dust suppression compositions. Specifically, it relates to an environmentally friendly dust suppression composition, its preparation method, preparation and application. The present invention specifically selects alkyl glycoside derivatives with a carbon number in the range of 8 to 16, compounded with a wetting agent in a specific ratio, supplemented with a small amount of polyol-based humectants. The obtained dust suppression composition can significantly reduce the liquid surface tension, has a fast wetting speed, good dust suppression effect, is easy to use, has good permeability, is easily degradable, has good dust suppression performance and environmental friendliness, and can adapt to the use in more scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dust suppression compositions, particularly to the field under the IPC classification number C09K3 / 22. More specifically, it relates to an environmentally friendly dust suppression composition, its preparation method, preparation, and application. Background Art

[0002] Dust poses great harm to human health. It can cause respiratory diseases and asthma at a mild level, and bronchitis, lung diseases, etc. at a severe level. Long-term inhalation of dust in the air can even lead to lung cancer. Dust is the main occupational hazard in industries such as mining, construction, building materials, and metallurgy, widely causing pneumoconiosis. Wet dust prevention measures such as water spraying are the most commonly used technologies at present and play an important role in dust prevention and control. However, due to the relatively large surface tension of water and the hydrophobicity of most respirable dust, the dust suppression efficiency is low and the water consumption is large.

[0003] Dust in the living scenario also poses great harm to people's physical health. With the development of the economy and the improvement of living standards, people are increasingly concerned about air pollution. Among them, the dust on urban roads is a kind of air pollution that most directly affects people's lives. For dust suppression on urban roads, the currently adopted method is mainly watering, which has the advantages of simple method, no environmental pollution, and low cost. However, due to the fast evaporation of water, continuous watering is required, resulting in a large waste of water resources. Moreover, the watering equipment occupies a large amount of open space and has a high manufacturing cost.

[0004] In order to improve and extend the dust suppression effect, various dust suppressants have gradually emerged in recent years. The main principle of existing dust suppressants is to wet and adhere to the dust by the dust suppressant, or reduce the surface tension of water and increase the hydrophilicity of the dust, so that the dust becomes heavier after absorbing moisture and thus settles. However, for a relatively high amount of dust, the existing dust suppressants need to increase the usage amount to achieve sufficient dust suppression effect. The dust suppressants that settle after adsorbing dust will remain in the scenario and have a certain viscosity, affecting movement and operation. The invention patent CN 108531134A discloses a mine dust suppressant, which can quickly reduce the concentration of dust in the air, but its components are not easily degraded and will hinder operations or even cause environmental pollution when remaining in the usage scenario. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly dust suppression composition that can significantly reduce the surface tension of the liquid, has a fast wetting speed, good dust suppression effect, is easy to use, has good permeability, and is easily degradable, as well as its preparation method, preparation, and application.

[0006] On the other hand, the purpose of the present invention is also to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppression composition.

[0007] On the other hand, the object of the present invention is also to provide a preparation containing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppressant composition.

[0008] On the other hand, the object of the present invention is also to provide an application of the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppressant composition, an environmentally friendly dust suppressant composition prepared by the preparation method of the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppressant composition, or a preparation containing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppressant composition.

[0009] To achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] An environmentally friendly dust suppressant composition, characterized in that, by weight, it comprises 20-60 parts of an alkyl polyglycoside derivative, 5-40 parts of a wetting agent, 2-10 parts of a humectant, and 5-40 parts of water; further preferably, it comprises 30-50 parts of an alkyl polyglycoside derivative, 10-30 parts of a wetting agent, 5 parts of a humectant, and 25-35 parts of water.

[0011] Preferably, the alkyl polyglycoside derivative is a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside ester salt.

[0012] Preferably, the C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside ester salt comprises a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate salt and a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate salt; further preferably, the C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside ester salt is an octyl glycoside sulfate salt, a dodecyl glycoside sulfate salt, an octyl glycoside phosphate salt or a dodecyl glycoside phosphate salt.

[0013] Preferably, the C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate salt comprises one or more of a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate sodium salt, a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate potassium salt, and a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate ammonium salt; the C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate salt comprises one or more of a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate sodium salt, a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate potassium salt, and a C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate ammonium salt.

[0014] Preferably, the wetting agent comprises one or more of an alcohol ether salt, an alkyl amidoamine oxide, an alkyl amido betaine, an alcohol polyether, a block polyether, and an isomeric alcohol polyether.

[0015] Preferably, the alcohol polyether comprises an alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;

[0016] Further preferably, the alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a C12-14 or C16-18 alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;

[0017] Further preferably, the C12-14 or C16-18 alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is the AEO series or the JFC series produced by Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Factory.

[0018] Preferably, the fatty alcohol ether salt includes fatty alcohol ether sulfate;

[0019] More preferably, the fatty alcohol ether sulfate is sodium C12-15 alcohol ether sulfate;

[0020] More preferably, the sodium C12-15 alcohol ether sulfate is AES produced by Jinan Xinzhenyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0021] Preferably, the isomeric alcohol polyether includes isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;

[0022] More preferably, the isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 1305, 1307 or 1309 produced by Zhongyuan (Guangzhou) Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0023] Preferably, the humectant includes one or more of polyols or polyhydric alcohols.

[0024] Preferably, the polyols include one or more of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, and glycerol; the polyhydric alcohols include one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polybutylene glycol.

[0025] Preferably, the mass ratio of the alkyl glycoside derivative to the wetting agent is 1-5:1.

[0026] The present invention selects an alkyl glycoside derivative with a carbon number of 8-16. On the one hand, considering that alkyl glycosides with a higher carbon number have poor water solubility, and their wetting power and surface tension are greatly affected by water hardness, which limits their application effects in some scenarios. In order to improve the wetting effect of the dust suppressant system of the present invention as much as possible, while having good water solubility and water quality compatibility, an alkyl glycoside with a carbon number of 8-16 modified by phosphorylation or sulfation is specifically selected. The phosphorylated or sulfated alkyl glycoside has better water solubility and wetting and permeation properties. At the same time, it is compounded with a certain proportion of wetting agent to improve the dust suppression performance of the dust suppression composition; on the other hand, the alkyl glycoside derivative with a carbon number of 8-16 selected by the present invention is easily degradable and will not produce a large amount of residues in the use scenario, expanding the use scenario of the dust suppression composition and improving its environmental friendliness and practicality; other components in the dust suppression composition system of the present invention are also selected as easily degradable components, making the dust suppression composition environmentally friendly and not causing environmental pollution.

[0027] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppression composition, including the following steps: weighing the alkyl glycoside derivative, wetting agent, humectant and water according to parts by weight, and mixing and stirring evenly to obtain.

[0028] The present invention also provides a preparation containing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly dust suppression composition, and the dosage form of the preparation is an aqueous agent or a foam agent.

[0029] Preferably, the aqueous agent is obtained by mixing the environment-friendly dust suppression composition with water.

[0030] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned environment-friendly dust suppression composition, an environment-friendly dust suppression composition prepared by the preparation method of the above-mentioned environment-friendly dust suppression composition, or a preparation containing the above-mentioned environment-friendly dust suppression composition, which is applied to dust suppression in living scenarios or industrial scenarios.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The dust suppression composition of the present invention can significantly reduce the surface tension of the liquid, has strong wetting performance, fast penetration speed and wetting speed, greatly improves the wetting ability of water to dust, realizes a good dust suppression effect, and improves the dust suppression efficiency.

[0033] 2. The raw materials used in the dust suppression composition of the present invention are easily degradable, will not remain in the environment for a long time, and cause secondary pollution to the ecological environment, and can be applied to more different scenarios.

[0034] 3. The dust suppression composition of the present invention has a high dust suppression efficiency, can be highly diluted, and the dilution multiple can be adjusted in different use scenarios to achieve the best dust suppression effect, and is convenient and efficient to use.

[0035] 4. The dust suppression composition of the present invention has good compatibility with water quality and good hard water resistance, overcoming the application effect limitations in some scenarios. Specific Embodiments

[0036] In the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, ammonium alkyl polyglycoside phosphate and ammonium alkyl polyglycoside sulfate are respectively prepared by the methods in the literature "Synthesis of Ammonium Alkyl Polyglycoside Phosphates with Different Chain Lengths, Song Bo et al., Journal of Qiqihar University, Vol. 25, No. 2, March 2009" and "Synthesis of Ammonium Alkyl Polyglycoside Sulfates with Different Chain Lengths, Song Bo et al., Journal of Science of Teachers' College and University, Vol. 29, No. 2, March 2009" using monoethanolamine as a strong base for neutralization. However, the obtaining methods of ammonium alkyl polyglycoside phosphate / sulfate in the present invention are not limited to this, and can also be obtained by other methods in the prior art or purchased commercially, without affecting the implementation of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This example provides a dust suppression composition, which includes 30 parts of ammonium dodecyl polyglycoside phosphate, 30 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of ethylene glycol by weight, and water is added to make up the balance to 100 parts.

[0039] The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is JFC, purchased from Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Factory.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a preparation method of the above dust suppressant composition. Weigh the above lauryl glucoside phosphate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethylene glycol, and water according to parts by weight, and then mix and stir evenly to obtain it.

[0041] This embodiment also provides an aqueous agent containing the above dust suppressant composition. Take the above dust suppressant composition and dilute it with water to a mass fraction of 0.5% to obtain it.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This example provides a dust suppressant composition, its preparation method and preparation. The implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that, by weight, it includes 40 parts of ammonium octyl glucoside phosphate, 30 parts of fatty alcohol ether sulfate, 5 parts of ethylene glycol, and water is supplemented to 100 parts;

[0044] The fatty alcohol ether sulfate is AES, purchased from Jinan Xinzhenyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] This example provides a dust suppressant composition, its preparation method and preparation. The implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that, by weight, it includes 50 parts of ammonium lauryl glucoside sulfate, 10 parts of isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of propylene glycol, and water is supplemented to 100 parts;

[0047] The isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 1309, purchased from Zhongyuan (Guangzhou) Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] This comparative example provides a dust suppressant composition, its preparation method and preparation. The implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that, by weight, it includes 70 parts of APG-0810, 4 parts of glycerol, and water is supplemented to 100 parts;

[0050] The APG-0810 is purchased from Shanghai Mailun Daily Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] This comparative example provides a dust suppressant composition, its preparation method and preparation. The implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that, by weight, it includes 70 parts of ammonium lauryl glucoside phosphate, 4 parts of ethylene glycol, and water is supplemented to 100 parts.

[0053] Performance Test

[0054] 1. Surface tension measurement: At 20 °C, use an automatic surface tensiometer to measure the surface tension of the aqueous agents in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 respectively by the ring method, and the results are recorded in Table 1.

[0055] 2. Wetting and Penetration Performance Test: Take 200 mL of the aqueous agents in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 respectively and place them in a 200 mL beaker. Gently place the standard canvas piece on the surface of the solution to be tested steadily, making sure there are no bubbles, and start timing. The time taken for the canvas piece to be completely wetted is the wetting time, and the time taken for the canvas piece to completely sink to the bottom of the beaker is the penetration time, which are recorded in Table 1.

[0056] 3. Dust Suppression Performance Test: Weigh 0.05 g of soil samples into 50 mL of water respectively. After stirring for 5 minutes, add 0.5 mL of the dust suppression compositions in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 respectively, continue to stir for 5 minutes, let stand for 5 minutes, suck the middle liquid with a pipette, and measure the transmittance by spectrophotometry with pure water as the reference solution. The results are recorded in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1

[0058]

[0059]

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly dust suppression composition, characterized in that, By weight, it includes 20 to 60 parts of alkyl polyglycoside derivatives, 5 to 40 parts of wetting agent, 2 to 10 parts of humectant, and 5 to 40 parts of water; The alkyl polyglycoside derivative is C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside ester salt; The C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside ester salt includes C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate salt or C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate salt; The C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate salt includes one or more of sodium C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate, potassium C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate, or ammonium C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside sulfate; The C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate salt includes one or more of sodium C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate, potassium C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate, or ammonium C8-C16 alkyl polyglycoside phosphate; The wetting agent is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

2. The environmentally friendly dust suppression composition according to claim 1, wherein The humectant includes one or more of polyols or polyhydric alcohols.

3. The environmentally friendly dust suppression composition according to claim 2, wherein The polyols include one or more of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, and glycerol; the polyhydric alcohols include one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polybutylene glycol.

4. The environmentally friendly dust suppression composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the alkyl polyglycoside derivative to the wetting agent is 1 to 5:

1.

5. A method for preparing the environmental protection dust suppression composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: After weighing the alkyl polyglycoside derivative, wetting agent, humectant, and water by weight, mix and stir evenly to obtain.

6. A preparation comprising the environmental dust reduction composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The dosage form of the preparation is aqueous solution or foam agent.

7. Use of the environmental dust suppression composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the environmental dust suppression composition prepared by the preparation method of the environmental dust suppression composition according to claim 5, or the preparation according to claim 6, characterized in that It is applied to dust reduction in living scenarios or industrial scenarios.

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