An inner hole wide type blind hole laser cladding processing head

Abstract

The application discloses a wide-hole blind-hole laser cladding processing head, and relates to the technical field of hole processing.The wide-hole blind-hole laser cladding processing head comprises a tail part, a head part, a laser nozzle mounted on the head part, a connecting rod connecting the tail part and the head part, and a lens group, wherein the tail part is provided with a laser inlet cavity and a fiber interface, the head part is provided with a laser outlet cavity, and the connecting rod is provided with a laser guide channel; the lens group comprises a collimating lens, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror and a focusing integrating lens; the collimating lens is obliquely mounted in the laser inlet cavity; the first reflecting mirror is obliquely arranged at the port of the laser guide channel to reflect the laser beam to the second reflecting mirror; the second reflecting mirror is obliquely arranged to reflect the laser beam to the focusing integrating lens, and the laser beam is reflected by the focusing integrating lens to form a rectangular light spot and then is emitted by the laser nozzle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of inner hole processing, in particular to an inner hole wide blind hole laser cladding processing head. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser cladding technology is a technology that adds external material to the molten pool of the substrate after laser irradiation through synchronous or prepositioned material, and makes the two form a cladding layer by rapid solidification. It is widely used in various molds, part repair, 3D printing, etc. At present, the outer circle cladding technology has been relatively popular, but the inner hole cladding is still in its infancy, and there are still many process difficulties, especially the deep hole cladding head, which is even less. The deep hole cladding head existing in the market is difficult to melt the laser beam to the root of the workpiece, so that blind hole cladding cannot be carried out. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application provides an inner hole wide blind hole laser cladding processing head.

[0004] The inner hole wide blind hole laser cladding processing head provided by the present application comprises a tail part, a head part, a laser nozzle mounted on the head part, a connecting rod connecting the tail part and the head part, and a lens group.

[0005] The tail part has a laser import cavity and a fiber interface for guiding the laser beam into the laser import cavity, the head part has a laser export cavity, and the connecting rod has a laser guide channel connecting the laser import cavity and the laser export cavity;

[0006] The lens group comprises a collimating mirror, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror and a focusing integrating mirror, the collimating mirror is obliquely installed in the laser import cavity to collimate the entering laser beam and guide it into the laser guide channel;

[0007] The first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the focusing integrating mirror are all installed in the laser export cavity, and the first reflecting mirror is obliquely arranged at the port of the laser guide channel to reflect the laser beam to the second reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror is obliquely arranged to reflect the laser beam to the focusing integrating mirror and form a rectangular light spot after reflection by the focusing integrating mirror, and then the laser beam is emitted by the laser nozzle.

[0008] Preferably, the back surface of the first reflecting mirror is provided with a gland that abuts and supports it, and the inside of the gland has a cooling channel for cooling medium.

[0009] Preferably, the inclination angle of the second reflecting mirror is adjustable.

[0010] Preferably, the gas-borne powder conversion gravity powder feeding device is fixed on the head, and has a wide nozzle with an outlet end directed to the extension line of the laser nozzle.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the wide nozzle in the direction of the extension line of the laser nozzle is adjustable.

[0012] Preferably, the laser outlet cavity comprises a laser reflection cavity and a laser output cavity, the first mirror, the second mirror and the focusing integrating mirror are located in the laser reflection cavity, the laser nozzle is installed on the side of the laser output cavity away from the laser reflection cavity and communicates with the laser output cavity; a protective sheet is arranged between the laser reflection cavity and the laser output cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the head has a compressed air joint for accessing compressed air, and the side wall of the laser output cavity is provided with at least two slit openings arranged in an up-down interval and communicating with the compressed air joint.

[0014] Preferably, the outlet of the slit opening is inclined away from the protective sheet.

[0015] Preferably, the outer side of the protective sheet is provided with an annular slit arranged in a circumferential direction; and the tail portion is provided with an inner pressurized gas interface for delivering clean gas into the tail portion.

[0016] Preferably, the head is further provided with a camera, and the tail portion is provided with a display for displaying the image captured by the camera.

[0017] In the present application, the optical fiber interface is used to access the optical fiber. After the optical fiber is accessed, laser enters the laser outlet cavity, is collimated by the collimating mirror to form a parallel light beam, enters the laser guide channel, is reflected by the first mirror to the second mirror when the parallel light beam extends to the position of the first mirror, is reflected by the second mirror to the focusing integrating mirror, is reflected by the focusing integrating mirror to form a rectangular light spot, and is finally emitted by the laser nozzle. The structure adopts a double-reflection mode for the first time, so that the light beam can be cut obliquely to melt and cover the root of the workpiece, thereby enabling blind hole melting and covering to be processed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A structure diagram of an inner hole wide blind hole laser cladding machining head according to the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 A sectional view of an inner hole wide blind hole laser cladding machining head according to the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 A shaft drawing of an inner hole wide type blind hole laser cladding machining head is provided for the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of a gas-borne powder transfer gravity powder transfer device in an inner hole wide type blind hole laser cladding machining head is provided for the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of a slit port position of an inner hole wide type blind hole laser cladding machining head is provided for the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, but not all the structures.

[0024] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "above" and "on" of the first feature to the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0026] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other orientation or position relationships are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used to distinguish in description, and have no special meaning.

[0027] ReferenceFigures 1-3 The application provides a wide-hole blind-hole laser cladding processing head, which comprises a tail part 1, a head part 2, a laser nozzle 3 arranged on the head part 2, a connecting rod 4 connecting the tail part 1 and the head part 2, a lens set and a gas-borne powder transfer gravity powder feeding device 13, wherein the lens set comprises a collimating lens 6, a first reflecting mirror 7, a second reflecting mirror 8 and a focusing integrating lens 9.

[0028] The tail part 1 is provided with a laser introduction cavity and a fiber interface for guiding the laser beam 5 into the laser introduction cavity, the head part 2 is provided with a laser export cavity, and the connecting rod 4 is provided with a laser guide channel for connecting the laser introduction cavity and the laser export cavity. The collimating lens 6 is obliquely arranged in the laser introduction cavity, after the fiber interface is connected with an optical fiber, the laser beam enters the laser export cavity, and is collimated by the collimating lens 6 to form a parallel light beam which enters the laser guide channel.

[0029] The first reflecting mirror 7, the second reflecting mirror 8 and the focusing integrating lens 9 are all arranged in the laser export cavity, and the first reflecting mirror 7 is obliquely arranged at the port of the laser guide channel. When the parallel light beam extends to the position of the first reflecting mirror 7 through the laser guide channel, the parallel light beam is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 7 to the second reflecting mirror 8. The back surface of the first reflecting mirror 7 is provided with a gland 10 which is attached to the back surface of the first reflecting mirror 7 and supports the back surface of the first reflecting mirror 7. The inside of the gland 10 is provided with a cooling channel for conveying a cooling medium. By conveying the cooling medium into the cooling channel, the heat of the first reflecting mirror 7 can be taken away, so that the first reflecting mirror 7 can be applied to a high-power application scenario.

[0030] The second reflecting mirror 8 is obliquely arranged to reflect the laser beam 5 to the position of the focusing integrating lens 9. The angle of the second reflecting mirror 8 can be adjusted. Specifically, the back surface of the second reflecting mirror 8 is provided with a pressing plate 11 which is attached to the back surface of the second reflecting mirror 8 and supports the back surface of the second reflecting mirror 8. The pressing plate 11 is fixed to the head part 2 by a mounting bracket 12. The pressing plate 11 is provided with four adjusting screws 111 which are arranged in a matrix. The adjusting screws 111 are rotatably arranged on the pressing plate 11 and are threadedly connected with the mounting bracket 12. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the second reflecting mirror 8, the angle of the second reflecting mirror 8 can be adjusted by rotating the corresponding adjusting screw 111.

[0031] The laser beam 5 is reflected by the focusing integrating lens 9 to form a rectangular light spot 51 and is then emitted by the laser nozzle 3. The double-reflection structure can cut the laser beam to be oblique, so that the laser beam can be applied to the root of a workpiece to process blind-hole cladding.

[0032] Reference Figure 4The gas-borne powder and gravity powder feeding device 13 has a wide nozzle 14, which is fixed to the head 2, and the outlet end of the wide nozzle 14 is directed to the extension line direction of the laser nozzle 3, and the powder falls into the wide nozzle 14 under gravity, and is paved on the workpiece by the wide nozzle 14, and is waiting for the laser emitted by the laser nozzle 3 to scan and melt on the workpiece. The height of the wide nozzle 14 in the extension line direction of the laser nozzle 3 is adjustable, so that the powder and the laser are just aligned, and the closest melting effect is achieved.

[0033] In the embodiment, the laser output cavity includes a laser reflection cavity and a laser output cavity, the first mirror 7, the second mirror 8 and the focusing integrating mirror 9 are located in the laser reflection cavity, and the laser nozzle 2 is installed on the side of the laser output cavity away from the laser reflection cavity and communicates with the laser output cavity; A protective sheet 20 is arranged between the laser reflection cavity and the laser output cavity to prevent slag from entering the laser reflection cavity during the melting process.

[0034] Referring to Figure 5 The head 2 has a compressed air joint 15 for accessing compressed air, and the side wall of the laser output cavity is provided with at least two slit openings 16 arranged in an up-down manner and communicating with the compressed air joint 15. Specifically, the head 2 is further provided with an upper air chamber 161 and a lower air chamber 162 arranged in an up-down manner, the upper air chamber 161 and the lower air chamber 162 are located on the side of the laser output cavity, the upper air chamber 161 and the lower air chamber 162 both have an air passage communicating with the compressed air joint 15, and the side walls adjacent to the laser output cavity of the upper air chamber 161 and the lower air chamber 162 both have a slit communicating with the laser output cavity to form the slit opening 16. Compressed air enters from the compressed air joint 15 and is finally blown out from the slit opening 16 to form air curtains a and b, so as to effectively prevent the slag from polluting the protective sheet 20 above during the melting process.

[0035] The outlet of the slit opening 16 is inclined away from the protective sheet, so that the airflow blown out from the slit opening 16 is inclined downward, thereby better blocking the slag from polluting the protective sheet 20 above.

[0036] Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the outer side of the protective sheet 20 is provided with an annular slit arranged in a circumferential direction; and the tail portion is provided with an inner booster gas interface 19 for delivering clean gas into the tail portion. Clean gas is introduced into the tail portion 1 through the inner booster gas interface 19, so that the inside of the processing head has a positive pressure. The gas enters the laser reflection cavity through the laser guide channel of the laser guide-in cavity, and finally the gas is blown out from the annular slit to form an airflow c, which is equivalent to three gas protections, so that the probability of lens contamination is greatly reduced, and the lens is better protected from contamination.

[0037] In the embodiment, the head 2 is also provided with a camera 17, and the tail 1 is provided with a display 18 for displaying the image captured by the camera 17. Thus, the cladding state can be monitored in real time, and safe and efficient production is ensured.

[0038] In addition, in the embodiment, the two ends of the connecting rod 4 are detachably assembled with the head 2 and the tail 1, so that the connecting rod 4, the head 2 and the tail 1 can be replaced individually. The connecting rod 4 comprises a plurality of sub-rod segments, and the sub-rod segments are detachably assembled. In use, the length of the connecting rod 4 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of sub-rod segments.

[0039] In the embodiment, the material of the collimating mirror 6 is copper.

[0040] As can be seen from the above, after the optical fiber interface in the application accesses the optical fiber, laser enters the laser extraction cavity, and after collimation by the collimating mirror 6, parallel light beams enter the laser guide channel, the parallel light beams extend the laser guide channel to the position of the first reflecting mirror 7, are reflected by the first reflecting mirror 7 to the second reflecting mirror 8, are reflected by the second reflecting mirror 8 to the focusing integrating mirror 9, are reflected by the focusing integrating mirror 9 to form a rectangular light spot, and are finally emitted by the laser nozzle 3. Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0041] 1) The double-reflection mode is adopted for the first time, so that the light beam can be oblique, and the blind hole cladding can be processed;

[0042] 2) In the inner hole cladding, the wide light spot + wide powder feeding structure is used for the first time, the cladding effect is smooth and neat, and the efficiency is high;

[0043] 3) Double-layer air curtain, effectively protecting the lens from pollution;

[0044] 4) In the inner hole cladding, the gas-borne to gravity powder feeding is used for the first time, so that the powder utilization rate is high, and the lens is also protected from splashing;

[0045] 5) The camera function is added, the cladding state can be monitored in real time, and safe and efficient production is ensured.

[0046] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the application within the technical range disclosed by the application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A laser cladding processing head for blind holes with wide inner holes, characterized in that: include: A tail portion (1), a head portion (2), a laser nozzle (3) mounted on the head portion (2), a connecting rod (4) connecting the tail portion (1) and the head portion (2), and a lens assembly, wherein: The tail portion (1) has a laser introduction cavity and an optical fiber interface for introducing a laser beam (5) into the laser introduction cavity, the head portion (2) has a laser output cavity, and the connecting rod (4) has a laser guide channel connecting the laser introduction cavity and the laser output cavity; The lens group comprises a collimator (6), a first reflector (7), a second reflector (8) and a focusing integrator (9); the collimator (6) is tiltedly mounted in the laser introduction cavity to collimate the incoming laser beam (5) and then introduce it into the laser guide channel; The first reflecting mirror (7), the second reflecting mirror (8) and the focusing integrator mirror (9) are all installed in the laser output cavity, and the first reflecting mirror (7) is tiltedly arranged at the port of the laser guide channel to reflect the laser beam (5) to the second reflecting mirror (8), and the second reflecting mirror (8) is tiltedly arranged to reflect the laser beam (5) to the focusing integrator mirror (9), and the laser beam is reflected by the focusing integrator mirror (9) to form a rectangular light spot and then emitted from the laser nozzle (3); The laser derivation cavity comprises a laser reflection cavity and a laser output cavity, the first reflection mirror (7), the second reflection mirror (8) and the focusing integrator (9) are all located in the laser reflection cavity, the laser nozzle (2) is installed on a side of the laser output cavity away from the laser reflection cavity and is in communication with the laser output cavity; a protective sheet (20) is provided between the laser reflection cavity and the laser output cavity to separate the two; The head (2) has a compressed air connector (15) for receiving compressed air, and the side wall of the laser output cavity is provided with at least two slit openings (16) spaced apart from each other and communicating with the compressed air connector (15); The outer side of the protective sheet (20) is provided with annular slits arranged in a circumferential direction; the tail portion (1) is provided with an internal pressurized gas interface (19) for conveying clean gas therein.

2. The laser cladding processing head for wide inner hole blind hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of the first reflector (7) is provided with a pressure cover (10) which abuts against the cotangent and forms support therefor, and the pressure cover (10) has a cooling channel inside for passing a cooling medium.

3. The laser cladding processing head for wide inner hole blind hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the second reflector (8) is adjustable.

4. The laser cladding processing head for wide inner hole blind hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes an airborne powder feeding to gravity powder feeding device (13), wherein the airborne powder feeding to gravity powder feeding device (13) has a wide nozzle (14), and the airborne powder feeding to gravity powder feeding device (13) is fixed on the head (2), and the ejection end of the wide nozzle (14) is oriented toward the extension line direction of the laser nozzle (3).

5. The laser cladding processing head for wide inner hole blind hole according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the wide nozzle (14) in the direction of the extension line of the laser nozzle (3) is adjustable.

6. The laser cladding processing head for wide inner hole blind hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the slit opening (16) is inclined in a direction away from the protective sheet (20).

7. The laser cladding processing head for wide inner hole blind holes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The head portion (2) is further provided with a camera (17), and the tail portion (1) is provided with a display (18) for displaying images captured by the camera (17).

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