The invention relates to a dynamic optical network monitoring system based on GIS technology. The dynamic optical network monitoring system based on the GIS technology is composed of an optical hardware test system, a test function system, a fault function system, a test data management system, a business management system, a topological graph management system and a system management system, optical light intensity in an optical cable is monitored in real time by computer distribution calculation, network communication, automatic measurement, GIS, optical time domain measurement and analysis and other technologies, on, off, abnormal dissipation, potential fault and other states of an optical cable communication network are reflected in time, automatic fault monitoring and automatic positioning of an optical cable network are realized, and reference is provided for removal of faults and hidden troubles, therefore the fault times are reduced, the fault time is shortened, and the communication reliability of the optical cable network is improved.