A device and method for heating and cooling distribution transformer windings based on heat energy recovery

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device and method based on heat energy recovery, which is used to solve the problem that when testing the windings of dry-type distribution transformers, heating with heating plates and natural heat dissipation are used, the whole process lasts a long time, is inefficient, and is prone to causing winding damage. The device comprises: a movable seat, a horizontal workbench, a support arm, a semiconductor cooler, a cold storage device, and a heat transfer component. Heat is generated by the hot surface of the semiconductor cooler, and the heat pipe transfers the heat to the terminal of the distribution transformer. After the temperature of the terminal reaches a specified value, the winding of the distribution transformer is tested. After the test is completed, the semiconductor cooler is turned off to stop heat conduction, and then air is blown to the terminal through the ventilation hole by a hair dryer. Since low-temperature refrigerant is stored in the annular chamber around the ventilation hole, the wind blowing through the ventilation hole becomes low-temperature cold air, which can quickly cool the terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of distribution transformer detection, and in particular to a distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device and method based on heat energy recovery. Background Art

[0002] During operation, transformer windings are subjected to high voltages, high currents, high field strengths, and mechanical and thermal loads. Therefore, transformer winding materials must possess excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and heat resistance, and be able to withstand certain overload and short-circuit shocks. Transformer windings are primarily made of copper and aluminum. Copper offers superior electrical and mechanical properties to aluminum. The price of copper is approximately three times that of aluminum, and the overall cost of a transformer with copper windings (copper transformer) is approximately 1.5 times that of one with aluminum windings (aluminum transformer). Therefore, winding material is a key factor influencing the technical and economic viability of transformers. Copper transformers offer superior performance compared to aluminum transformers, while aluminum transformers are more economical than copper. The national standard for transformers specifies that winding materials be distinguished by letter codes in the model number. Copper materials are not marked with letter codes, while aluminum materials must be marked with the letter "L." Power grid companies have discovered that some manufacturers are replacing copper windings with aluminum windings without marking the letter codes. This has caused economic losses to the grid companies and posed safety risks to the power system. Power system equipment management departments typically inspect conductor types by dismantling the wire cover and damaging the winding insulation. This method is cumbersome, costly, and lacks practical engineering application. Therefore, developing a convenient and effective nondestructive testing method has high engineering application value.

[0003] A nondestructive method for identifying the material of transformer internal windings based on the thermoelectric effect is based on the principle that the thermoelectric effect exists between different conductors, generating a small thermoelectric potential. This thermoelectric potential is only related to the conductor material and temperature, and is independent of the conductor length, shape, and structure, thus avoiding the influence of the transformer's complex structure. A test platform for identifying the copper and aluminum winding materials of transformers based on thermoelectric potential has been established. By increasing the temperature of the transformer winding terminals, establishing a temperature difference between the two ends of the winding, and measuring the magnitude of the thermoelectric potential across the winding, the winding material can be determined, thus enabling the identification of the copper and aluminum winding materials within the closed transformer.

[0004] However, current technology usually uses heating plates to heat the windings and uses natural heat dissipation. The windings are easily damaged if they are in a high temperature state for a long time. The heating plates have low heating efficiency and slow heat conduction. At the same time, the heating plates need to be manually installed on the winding terminals and manually removed after heating, which greatly reduces the detection efficiency and poses safety hazards such as burns. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device and method based on heat energy recovery, which is used to solve the problem that when inspecting the windings of dry-type distribution transformers, the heating plate heats up and dissipates heat naturally, the whole process lasts a long time, is inefficient, and easily causes winding damage.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device and method based on heat energy recovery, including: a movable seat, a horizontal workbench, a support arm, a semiconductor refrigerator, a cold storage device and a heat transfer component.

[0007] The horizontal workbench is provided with a linear slide, the movable seat and the linear slide are slidably matched, and the movable seat is driven to perform linear motion on the horizontal workbench by a horizontal drive component; the support arm and the movable seat are rotatably connected; the semiconductor refrigerator is fixedly installed on the support arm, and the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators are arranged opposite to each other, and the cold surfaces of the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators are facing each other; the cold storage is arranged between the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators, and a ventilation hole is opened in the middle of the cold storage, and an annular chamber is provided around the ventilation hole, and the annular chamber is filled with refrigerant; the ventilation hole is connected to the hair dryer.

[0008] The heat transfer component includes a heat conducting plate and a heat pipe, one end of the heat pipe is fixedly connected to the heat conducting plate, wherein the heat pipe is in contact with the heat conducting plate, and the other end of the heat pipe is in a spiral structure. The two groups of heat conducting plates are respectively tightly fitted with the hot surfaces of the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators.

[0009] The semiconductor cooler generates heat on its hot surface, which is then transferred to the distribution transformer's terminals by the heat pipe. Once the terminal temperature reaches a specified value, the transformer's windings are tested. After the test is complete, the semiconductor cooler shuts down, halting heat transfer. A blower then directs air through the vents and onto the terminals. Because the annular chamber surrounding the vents contains low-temperature refrigerant, the air flowing through the vents becomes low-temperature cold air, rapidly cooling the terminals.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of heat transfer fins are provided in the ventilation holes to increase heat transfer efficiency.

[0011] Optionally, the support arm includes a vertical telescopic rod and a horizontal telescopic rod, the vertical telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the movable seat, the horizontal telescopic rod is rotatably installed on the movable end of the vertical telescopic rod, and the semiconductor cooler is fixedly installed on the movable end of the horizontal telescopic rod.

[0012] The height of the heat pipe can be adjusted by the vertical telescopic rod, so that the spiral heat pipe can be conveniently sleeved on the terminal.

[0013] Optionally, the horizontal telescopic rod and the vertical telescopic rod are cylinders or electric push rods, which are easy to install and have a reliable structure.

[0014] Optionally, a first motor is provided at the connection between the horizontal telescopic rod and the vertical telescopic rod, and a second motor is provided at the connection between the vertical telescopic rod and the movable base. The first motor drives the horizontal telescopic rod to rotate, while the second motor drives the vertical telescopic rod to swing. This increases the flexibility of the support arm and facilitates attaching or removing the heat pipe from the terminal block.

[0015] Optionally, several groups of heat pipes are staggered and spirally wound to increase heat transfer efficiency.

[0016] Optionally, the horizontal drive assembly includes a horizontal drive motor and a roller, wherein the roller is rotationally connected to the movable seat, the roller is in rolling engagement with the horizontal workbench, and the horizontal drive motor is in transmission connection with the roller. The horizontal drive motor drives the roller to roll, thereby enabling the movable seat to move on the horizontal workbench.

[0017] Optionally, the heat conducting sheet is made of copper or aluminum, which has high heat transfer efficiency.

[0018] Optionally, an air guide cover is provided on the outer side of the spiral heat pipe, which guides the cooling air when the terminal dissipates heat, thereby increasing the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0019] A method for heating and cooling the windings of a dry-type distribution transformer based on heat energy recovery comprises the following steps:

[0020] Preparation steps:

[0021] Arrange the distribution transformers to be tested at certain intervals along the length direction of the horizontal workbench, with the connection terminals of the distribution transformers facing the horizontal workbench;

[0022] Heating steps:

[0023] The horizontal drive assembly drives the movable seat to move to an appropriate position, and the terminal of the distribution transformer is placed inside the spiral structure of the heat pipe. The semiconductor cooler is started, and the heat surface of the semiconductor cooler generates heat, which is transferred to the vicinity of the terminal through the heat conducting sheet and the heat pipe. The terminal is heated to an appropriate temperature by heat conduction. After the winding of the distribution transformer is tested, the semiconductor cooler is turned off.

[0024] Heat dissipation steps:

[0025] When the semiconductor refrigerator is turned on, the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigerator generates low temperature, and the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced by heat conduction; at the same time, the refrigerant reduces the temperature of the air in the ventilation hole. After the semiconductor refrigerator is turned off, the hair dryer is started, and the hair dryer blows air into the ventilation hole and blows it toward the terminal through the ventilation hole. The cold air passing through the ventilation hole quickly reduces the temperature of the terminal.

[0026] The entire process is automated and highly efficient. The heat generated by the semiconductor cooler is used to heat the terminals, which are then cooled and stored by the semiconductor cooler and used to cool the terminals. This allows for rapid cooling of the terminals, protecting the transformer windings while saving time and increasing testing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device based on heat energy recovery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device based on heat energy recovery in working state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ventilation hole in the cold storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0032] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combinations and / or subcombinations in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0033] See also Figures 1-4 The present invention provides an embodiment of a distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device based on heat energy recovery, comprising: a movable seat 3, a horizontal workbench 2, a support arm, a semiconductor cooler 7, a cold storage device 6 and a heat transfer component.

[0034] The horizontal workbench 2 is provided with a linear slide, and the movable seat 3 and the linear slide are slidably matched, and the movable seat 3 is driven to perform linear motion on the horizontal workbench by a horizontal driving assembly; the support arm and the movable seat 3 are rotatably connected; the semiconductor refrigerator 7 is fixedly installed on the support arm, and the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators 7 are arranged opposite to each other, and the cold surfaces of the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators 7 are facing each other; the cold storage device 6 is arranged between the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators 7, and a ventilation hole 602 is opened in the middle of the cold storage device 6, and an annular chamber is provided around the ventilation hole 602, and the annular chamber is filled with refrigerant; an air inlet 601 is provided on the ventilation hole 602, and the air inlet 601 is connected to the hair dryer.

[0035] The heat transfer component includes a heat conducting plate 8 and a heat pipe 9, one end of the heat pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the heat conducting plate 8, wherein the heat pipe 9 is in contact with the heat conducting plate 8, and the other end of the heat pipe 9 is in a spiral structure. The two groups of heat conducting plates 8 are respectively tightly fitted with the hot surfaces of the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators 7.

[0036] Heat is generated by the hot surface of the semiconductor cooler 7, and the heat pipe 9 transfers this heat to the terminal 101 of the distribution transformer 1. After the temperature of the terminal 101 reaches a specified value, the winding of the distribution transformer 1 is tested. After the test is completed, the semiconductor cooler 7 is turned off, stopping heat conduction. Then, a blower is used to blow air through the ventilation holes and onto the terminal 101. Because the annular chamber surrounding the ventilation holes 602 contains low-temperature refrigerant, the air blowing through the ventilation holes 602 becomes low-temperature cold air, which can quickly cool the terminal 101.

[0037] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 , a plurality of heat transfer fins 603 are provided in the ventilation hole 602 to increase the heat transfer efficiency.

[0038] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 The support arm includes a vertical telescopic rod and a horizontal telescopic rod 5. The vertical telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the movable seat 3. The horizontal telescopic rod 5 is rotatably installed on the movable end of the vertical telescopic rod. The semiconductor cooler 7 is fixedly installed on the movable end of the horizontal telescopic rod 5.

[0039] The height of the heat pipe 9 can be adjusted by the vertical telescopic rod, so that the spiral heat pipe 9 can be conveniently mounted on the terminal 101 .

[0040] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 The horizontal telescopic rod 5 and the vertical telescopic rod 4 are cylinders or electric push rods, which are easy to install and have a reliable structure.

[0041] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 A first motor is installed at the connection between the horizontal telescopic rod 5 and the vertical telescopic rod 4, and a second motor is installed at the connection between the vertical telescopic rod 4 and the movable base 3. The first motor drives the horizontal telescopic rod 5 to rotate, while the second motor drives the vertical telescopic rod 4 to swing. This increases the flexibility of the support arm, making it easier to attach the heat pipe 9 to or remove it from the terminal block 101.

[0042] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 , several groups of heat pipes 9 are staggered and spirally wound to increase heat transfer efficiency.

[0043] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 The horizontal drive assembly includes a horizontal drive motor and a roller. The roller is rotationally connected to the movable base 3 and rolls with the horizontal workbench 2. The horizontal drive motor and the roller are in transmission connection. The horizontal drive motor drives the roller to roll, thereby enabling the movable base 3 to move on the horizontal workbench 2.

[0044] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 The heat conducting sheet 8 is made of copper or aluminum and has high heat transfer efficiency.

[0045] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-4 The outer side of the spiral heat pipe 9 is provided with an air guide cover. When the connecting terminal 101 dissipates heat, it guides the cooling air and increases the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0046] A method for heating and cooling the windings of a dry-type distribution transformer 1 based on heat energy recovery comprises the following steps:

[0047] Preparation steps:

[0048] Arrange the distribution transformers 1 to be tested at certain intervals along the length direction of the horizontal workbench 2, with the connection terminals 101 of the distribution transformers 1 facing the horizontal workbench 2;

[0049] Heating steps:

[0050] The horizontal drive assembly drives the movable seat 3 to move to an appropriate position, and the terminal 101 of the distribution transformer 1 is placed inside the spiral structure of the heat pipe 9. The semiconductor cooler 7 is started. The hot surface of the semiconductor cooler 7 generates heat, which is transferred to the vicinity of the terminal 101 through the heat conducting sheet 8 and the heat pipe 9. The terminal 101 is heated to an appropriate temperature by heat conduction. After the winding of the distribution transformer 1 is tested, the semiconductor cooler 7 is turned off.

[0051] Heat dissipation steps:

[0052] During the process of turning on the semiconductor refrigerator 7, the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigerator 7 generates low temperature, and the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced by heat conduction; at the same time, the refrigerant reduces the temperature of the air in the ventilation hole 602. After the semiconductor refrigerator 7 is turned off, the hair dryer is started, and the hair dryer passes air into the ventilation hole 602 and blows the air toward the terminal 101 through the ventilation hole 602. The cold air passing through the ventilation hole 602 quickly reduces the temperature of the terminal 101.

[0053] The entire process is automated, highly efficient, and safe. The heat generated by the semiconductor cooler 7 is used to heat the terminal 101, which is then cooled and stored by the semiconductor cooler 7 and used to cool the terminal 101. This allows for rapid cooling of the terminal 101, protecting the transformer windings and saving time for transformer testing, thereby increasing testing efficiency.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device based on heat energy recovery, characterized in that: include: Mobile seat, Horizontal workbench, The horizontal workbench is provided with a linear slide, the movable seat and the linear slide are slidably matched, and the movable seat is driven by a horizontal driving component to perform linear motion on the horizontal workbench; Support arm, The support arm and the movable seat are rotatably connected, Semiconductor cooler, The semiconductor coolers are fixedly mounted on the support arm, and two groups of the semiconductor coolers are arranged opposite to each other, with the cold surfaces of the two groups of the semiconductor coolers facing each other; Cold storage, The cold storage device is arranged between the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators, a ventilation hole is provided in the middle of the cold storage device, an annular chamber is provided around the ventilation hole, the annular chamber is filled with refrigerant, and the ventilation hole is connected to the hair dryer; Heat transfer components, The heat transfer component includes a heat conducting plate and a heat pipe, one end of the heat pipe is fixedly connected to the heat conducting plate, wherein one end of the heat pipe is in contact with the heat conducting plate, and the other end of the heat pipe is in a spiral structure. The two groups of heat conducting plates are respectively tightly fitted with the hot surfaces of the two groups of semiconductor refrigerators.

2. The heat recovery-based heating and cooling device for distribution transformer windings according to claim 1 is characterized in that : Several heat transfer fins are provided in the ventilation holes.

3. The heat recovery-based heating and cooling device for distribution transformer windings according to claim 1 is characterized in that :The support arm includes a vertical telescopic rod and a horizontal telescopic rod. The vertical telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the movable seat. The horizontal telescopic rod is rotatably installed at the movable end of the vertical telescopic rod. The semiconductor cooler is fixedly installed at the movable end of the horizontal telescopic rod.

4. The heat recovery-based distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device according to claim 3 is characterized in that : A first motor is provided at the connection between the horizontal telescopic rod and the vertical telescopic rod, and a second motor is provided at the connection between the vertical telescopic rod and the movable seat. The horizontal telescopic rod is driven to rotate by the first motor, and the vertical telescopic rod is driven to swing by the second motor.

5. The heat recovery-based heating and cooling device for distribution transformer windings according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The horizontal telescopic rod and the vertical telescopic rod are cylinders or electric push rods.

6. The heat recovery-based heating and cooling device for distribution transformer windings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Several groups of heat pipes are wound in staggered spirals.

7. The heat recovery-based heating and cooling device for distribution transformer windings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal drive assembly includes a horizontal drive motor and a roller. The roller is rotationally connected to the movable seat. The roller is rollingly matched to the horizontal workbench. The horizontal drive motor and the roller are transmission-connected.

8. The heat recovery-based heating and cooling device for distribution transformer windings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat conducting sheet is made of copper or aluminum.

9. The distribution transformer winding heating and heat dissipation device based on heat energy recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air guide cover is provided on the outer side of the spiral section of the heat pipe.

10. A method for heating and cooling the windings of a distribution transformer based on heat energy recovery, utilizing the device for heating and cooling the windings of a distribution transformer based on heat energy recovery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Preparation steps: Arrange the distribution transformers to be tested at certain intervals along the length direction of the horizontal workbench, with the connection terminals of the distribution transformers facing the horizontal workbench; Heating steps: The horizontal drive assembly drives the movable seat to move to an appropriate position, and the terminal of the distribution transformer is placed inside the spiral structure of the heat pipe. The semiconductor cooler is started, and the heat surface of the semiconductor cooler generates heat, which is transferred to the vicinity of the terminal through the heat conducting sheet and the heat pipe. The terminal is heated to an appropriate temperature by heat conduction. After the winding of the distribution transformer is tested, the semiconductor cooler is turned off. Heat dissipation steps: When the semiconductor refrigerator is turned on, the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigerator generates low temperature, and the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced by heat conduction; at the same time, the refrigerant reduces the temperature of the air in the ventilation hole. After the semiconductor refrigerator is turned off, the hair dryer is started, and the hair dryer blows air into the ventilation hole and blows it toward the terminal through the ventilation hole. The cold air passing through the ventilation hole quickly reduces the temperature of the terminal.

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