A Torreya grandis enzymatic depilatory equipment and processing technology thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a Torreya grandis enzymatic dehulling device and a processing technology thereof, comprising a plurality of brackets (1) arranged, an enzymatic hydrolysis tank (2) being arranged on the bracket (1), an upper end of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank (2) being arranged with an upper head (3), a stirring motor bracket (4) being arranged on the upper part of the upper head (3), a stirring motor (5) being arranged on the stirring motor bracket (4), and a protruding end of the stirring motor (5) extending downwardly and connected with a stirring shaft (6) arranged in the enzymatic hydrolysis tank (2). The invention can effectively remove the seed coat on the surface of Torreya grandis seeds and improve the peeling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of Torreya grandis processing equipment, in particular to Torreya grandis enzymatic depilatory equipment and a processing technology thereof. Background Art

[0002] The cracking of the aril of Torreya grandis is not only an important sign that the seeds are ripe for picking, but also a necessary condition for the successful peeling and processing of the seeds. The processing of Torreya grandis kernels requires the removal of the aril. In response to this, designers have developed a Torreya grandis peeling machine. For example, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN208403170U discloses an efficient Torreya grandis peeling machine, including a first peeling cylinder, a first peeling roller is arranged inside the first peeling cylinder, a plurality of first blades are evenly arranged on the surface of the first peeling roller, a plurality of second blades are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the first peeling cylinder, and the distance between the first blade and the second blade is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the Torreya grandis to be peeled, a first rotating shaft is arranged at the left end of the first peeling roller, a second peeling cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the first peeling cylinder, a second peeling roller is arranged inside the second peeling cylinder, a plurality of third blades are evenly arranged on the surface of the second peeling roller, a plurality of fourth blades are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the second peeling cylinder, and the distance between the third blade and the fourth blade is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the Torreya grandis, a second rotating shaft is arranged at the left end of the second peeling roller, a driving motor is arranged at the right end of the second rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected by a belt. In this type of peeling device, a peeling cylinder with blades on both sides is set. The Torreya seed fruit passes through the peeling cylinders on both sides, and the seed coat on the surface of the Torreya seed fruit is cut open. Then it passes through one side and is cut again, which has the effect of completely removing the seed coat. However, this type of device mainly uses a mechanical structure to cut the seed coat on the surface of Torreya seed fruit. However, this type of physical peeling method cannot completely remove the seed coat on the surface of Torreya seed fruit, and there is still a certain amount of residue. The peeling effect is not good, which affects the subsequent enzymatic peeling effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for enzymatically removing the seed coat of Torreya grandis and a processing technology thereof. The present invention can effectively remove the seed coat on the surface of Torreya grandis seeds and improve the peeling effect.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a device for removing cattail from Torreya grandis by enzymatic method, comprising a plurality of brackets, an enzymolysis tank is arranged on the bracket, an upper end of the enzymolysis tank is arranged with an upper head, an upper part of the upper head is arranged with a stirring motor bracket, a stirring motor is arranged on the stirring motor bracket, an extended end of the stirring motor extends downward and is connected with a stirring shaft arranged in the enzymolysis tank, a feed inlet and a liquid inlet are arranged on the upper head, a pressure cover is arranged on the feed inlet, and a discharge port with a cover is arranged at the bottom of the enzymolysis tank; a cutting bracket is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis tank, a vibrating plate is arranged on the cutting bracket, a discharge pipe is arranged at the discharge end of the vibrating plate, a seed coat cutting mechanism is arranged on the cutting bracket and below the discharge pipe, a discharge part of the seed coat cutting mechanism is provided with a drop pipe, the drop pipe is arranged in the cutting bracket and an end portion is connected with a telescopic hose, and the telescopic hose corresponds to the feed inlet; a separation box is arranged below the discharge port, an enzyme liquid filtering device is connected to one side of the separation box, and the enzyme liquid filtering device is connected to the enzymolysis tank via a pipeline.

[0005] In the above-mentioned enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis, the seed coat cutting mechanism includes a rotating disc frame arranged on a cutting bracket, a rotating motor is provided on the rotating disc frame, a rotating disc is provided at the upper protruding end of the rotating motor, a plurality of cutting and stripping components are evenly arranged at a certain angle on the rotating disc, a pricking point component is provided at the upper end of the cutting and stripping component, a positioning component is provided on the rotating disc and above the pricking point component, the positioning component cooperates with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe cooperates and communicates with a channel opening in the cutting and stripping component; a cylinder bracket is provided on one side of the rotating disc bracket, a thrust cylinder is provided at the upper end of the cylinder bracket, a booster head is connected to the protruding rod end of the thrust cylinder, and the booster head cooperates with the channel opening in the positioning component.

[0006] In the aforementioned Torreya grandis enzymatic depilatory equipment, the cutting and stripping assembly comprises a stripping tube arranged on a rotating disk, a plurality of through grooves are arranged on the side of the stripping tube, a cutting knife is arranged in the through groove, and the blade of the cutting knife is arranged toward the inside of the stripping tube.

[0007] In the aforementioned enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis, the piercing assembly comprises a reciprocating motor bracket arranged on a rotating disk, a reciprocating motor is provided on the reciprocating motor bracket, a gear is provided at the protruding end of the reciprocating motor, a main body disk is provided at the upper end of the cutting and stripping assembly, a plurality of piercing knives are provided in the main body disk, a tooth block is provided at one end of the piercing knife, a sharp end is provided at the other end of the piercing knife, an inner tooth groove is provided on the inner side wall of the main body disk, the inner tooth groove cooperates with the tooth block, and a piercing channel is provided in the center of the main body disk; a toothed disk is provided at the upper end of the main body disk, the teeth on the side of the toothed disk are meshed with the gear, a rotating tooth is provided in the center of the toothed disk, and the rotating tooth is connected to the tooth block via a toothed structure.

[0008] In the aforementioned Torreya grandis enzymatic depilation equipment, the positioning assembly includes an L-shaped frame arranged on a rotating disk, a positioning tube is provided at one end of the L-shaped frame, a positioning ring is provided in the positioning tube, and elastic clamping plates are symmetrically provided in the positioning tube and below the positioning ring.

[0009] In the aforementioned Torreya grandis enzymatic depilation equipment, the separation material box comprises a box body arranged in the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, an inclined material channel is arranged on one side of the box body, the inclined material channel corresponds to the discharge port, and a filter screen is arranged in the box body.

[0010] In the aforementioned Torreya grandis enzymatic depilatory equipment, an adjusting orifice plate is provided at the outer opening of the through slot, a plurality of adjusting holes are provided on the adjusting orifice plate, and the cutter is connected to the adjusting holes on the adjusting orifice plate via bolts.

[0011] The specific steps for realizing the processing technology of the aforementioned Torreya grandis enzymatic depilation equipment are as follows:

[0012] S1: First, the aril of Torreya grandis is pretreated, and Torreya grandis seeds are poured into a vibration plate. Through the neat arrangement of the vibration plate, the Torreya grandis seeds fall into the seed coat cutting mechanism. The surface of the Torreya grandis seeds is cut by the seed coat cutting mechanism, and the incision depth is between 3-4 mm. The telescopic hose is pulled out and aligned with the feed port at the upper end of the enzymolysis tank. The seed coat and Torreya grandis seeds fall into the enzymolysis tank through the drop pipe and the telescopic hose;

[0013] S2: introducing enzyme solution into the enzymolysis tank through the liquid inlet pipe, starting the stirring motor, driving the stirring shaft to rotate, mixing the Torreya grandis seeds with the enzyme solution, and fully contacting the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds with the seed coat removed, and chemically reacting the enzyme solution with the seed coat residue on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds, thereby removing the seed coat;

[0014] S3: After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the discharge port at the bottom of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank is opened, and the Torreya grandis seeds and enzyme solution flow into the separation box. Through manual selection, qualified Torreya grandis seeds are screened out. There are adhesion residues on the surface of the seed shell. After being treated with enzyme solution, smooth Torreya grandis seeds are obtained. The enzyme solution is treated by the enzyme solution filtration device and can be reused.

[0015] In the aforementioned Torreya grandis enzymatic depuration process, the pH of the enzyme solution was 3.98, the temperature of the enzyme solution was 34.81° C., and the concentration of the enzyme solution was 27.71%.

[0016] In the aforementioned enzymatic depilation process for Torreya grandis, the enzyme solution includes pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase, and the component ratio of the pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase is 3.5:3:1.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. In the present invention, first, the aril of Torreya grandis is pretreated, and Torreya grandis seeds are poured into a vibration plate. Through the neat arrangement of the vibration plate, Torreya grandis seeds fall into a seed coat cutting mechanism, and the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds is cut by the seed coat cutting mechanism. The skin on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds is cut during the preliminary pretreatment. At this time, there are still seed coat residues on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds. The Torreya grandis seeds are poured into an enzymolysis tank, and enzyme solution is introduced into the enzymolysis tank. The stirring motor is started, and the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate, so that the Torreya grandis seeds are mixed with the enzyme solution, and the enzyme solution is fully in contact with the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds from which the seed coat is removed, and the enzyme solution reacts chemically with the seed coat residue on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds, thereby removing the seed coat; the enzyme preparation reacts chemically with the seed coat on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds, so that the cell wall structure and organization of the seed coat change, the green seed coat on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds falls off, and a smooth seed kernel is obtained, which greatly improves the peeling effect.

[0019] 2. When the cutting and stripping assembly cuts the seed coat, the Torreya grandis seeds are placed on the cutter. The booster head at the lower end of the thrust cylinder is removed to push the seeds downward. After being cut by the cutter, the seed coat is effectively cut, which is convenient and quick.

[0020] 3. In the piercing point assembly, the gear drives the toothed disk to rotate, and the rotating teeth in the toothed disk mesh with the tooth blocks of the piercing knife, driving multiple piercing knives to achieve linkage. The piercing knife pierces holes on the outer side of the lower end of the seed coat to facilitate subsequent cutting.

[0021] 4. In the positioning component, the Torreya grandis seeds fall from the vibration plate into the positioning tube. Since the Torreya grandis seeds are elliptical in shape, the maximum diameter of the seeds will be stuck in the elastic clamping plates on both sides, making it convenient for the piercing component to pierce the end of the Torreya grandis seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a stirring assembly;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotating disk;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cut and strip assembly;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the point-piercing component;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a piercing knife;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a rotating gear;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a positioning component;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment process of Torreya grandis seeds;

[0031] Fig.10 The effects of different incision depths and methods on enzymatic removal of aril;

[0032] Fig.11 The effects of different incision directions on enzymatic removal of aril;

[0033] Fig.12 The effects of different penetration enhancers on enzymatic removal of aril;

[0034] Fig.13 Determination of the optimal pH for each enzyme reaction;

[0035] Fig.14 Determination of the optimum action temperature of each enzyme reaction;

[0036] Fig.15 To measure enzyme concentration, enzyme-liquid ratio and liquid-to-solid ratio;

[0037] Fig.16 Different dewaxing treatment methods;

[0038] Fig.17 It is the sensory evaluation scoring standard for the peeling effect of Torreya grandis.

[0039] Fig.18 This study is a sensory evaluation of the enzymatic peeling effect of Torreya grandis with different incision methods.

[0040] Explanation of the marks in the accompanying drawings: 1- bracket, 2-enzyme hydrolysis tank, 3-upper head, 4-stirring motor bracket, 5-stirring motor, 6-stirring shaft, 7-feeding port, 8-liquid inlet, 9-pressure cover, 10-discharging port, 11-cutting bracket, 12-vibrating plate, 13-discharging pipe, 14-seed skin cutting mechanism, 15-dropping pipe, 16-telescopic hose, 17-separation box, 18-enzyme liquid filtering device, 19-rotating disc frame, 20-rotating motor, 21-rotating disc, 22-cutting and stripping assembly, 23-piercing assembly, 24-positioning assembly, 25-cylinder bracket, 26- Thrust cylinder, 27-boost head, 221-stripping tube, 222-through slot, 223-cutter, 224-adjusting orifice plate, 225-adjusting hole, 231-reciprocating motor bracket, 232-reciprocating motor, 233-gear, 234-main disk, 235-piercing knife, 236-tooth block, 237-spike end, 238-inner tooth groove, 239-piercing channel, 240-toothed disk, 241-rotating gear, 30-L-type frame, 31-positioning tube, 32-positioning ring, 33-elastic card plate, 171-box, 172-inclined material channel, 173-filter screen plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment: A Torreya grandis enzymatic depilatory equipment comprises a plurality of brackets 1, on which an enzymatic hydrolysis tank 2 is arranged. Figure 1 As shown, an upper end of the enzymolysis tank 2 is provided with an upper head 3, a stirring motor bracket 4 is provided on the upper part of the upper head 3, a stirring motor 5 is provided on the stirring motor bracket 4, and the protruding end of the stirring motor 5 extends downwardly to be connected to a stirring shaft body 6 arranged in the enzymolysis tank 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the upper head 3 is provided with a feed port 7 and a liquid inlet 8, and the feed port 7 is provided with a pressure cover 9. When stirring, the pressure cover will close the feed port, and the bottom of the enzymolysis tank 2 is provided with a discharge port 10 with a cover; one side of the enzymolysis tank 2 is provided with a cutting bracket 11, and the cutting bracket 11 is provided with a vibration disk 12, and the discharge end of the vibration disk 12 is provided with a discharge pipe 13. Driven by the vibration disk, the Chinese torreya seeds will be effectively arranged into the discharge pipe. The end of the discharge pipe is curved, and the Chinese torreya seeds fall downward through the discharge pipe. A seed coat cutting mechanism 14 is provided on the cutting bracket 11 and close to the bottom of the discharge pipe 13. The discharge part of the seed coat cutting mechanism 14 is provided with a drop pipe 15. The drop pipe 15 is arranged in the cutting bracket 11 and the end is connected with a telescopic hose 16. The telescopic hose 16 corresponds to the feed port 7. When the enzymolysis tank needs to be fed, the telescopic hose is pulled out and the pipe mouth is aligned with the feed port. When feeding is not required, , retract hose; a separation box 17 is provided below the discharge port 10, and an enzyme liquid filtering device 18 is connected to one side of the separation box 17. The enzyme liquid filtering device 18 is connected to the enzymolysis tank 2 via a pipeline. A filter element is provided in the pipeline of the enzyme liquid filtering device to filter out impurities in the enzyme liquid. After that, the enzyme liquid enters the box body, and the staff re-proportionates the enzyme liquid in the box body. The enzyme liquid after proportioning can be reused; since there is a layer of wax on the outside of the Torreya grandis aril, it is difficult for the enzyme liquid to penetrate into it. There are differences in the effects of enzymatic removal of the aril by different incision methods under the existing physical method and chemical infiltration method. Compared with the perforation method, the peeling effect of the longitudinal cutting method is better. This is mainly because the longitudinal cutting is conducive to the penetration of the enzyme liquid, which is convenient for acting on the internal tissue structure of the decomposition aril. Generally, a physical method of cutting 3-4 mm is adopted, and a chemical method adopts a method of 60% ethanol plus sucrose fatty acid ester.

[0043] The seed skin cutting mechanism 14 comprises a rotating disc frame 19 arranged on the cutting support 11, and a rotating motor 20 is arranged on the rotating disc frame 19. Figure 3 and 9As shown, a rotating disk 21 is provided at the upper protruding end of the rotating motor 20, and a plurality of cutting and stripping components 22 are evenly arranged on the rotating disk 21 at a certain angle, and a piercing component 23 is provided on the upper end of the cutting and stripping component 22. A positioning component 24 is provided on the rotating disk 21 and above the piercing component 23, and the positioning component 24 cooperates with the discharge pipe 13, and the drop pipe 15 is communicated with the channel opening in the cutting and stripping component 22. The discharge pipe has a large diameter, and the material can fall down smoothly; a cylinder bracket 25 is provided on one side of the rotating disk frame 19, and a thrust cylinder 26 is provided on the upper end of the cylinder bracket 25, and a booster head 27 is connected to the protruding rod end of the thrust cylinder 26, and the booster head 27 cooperates with the channel opening in the positioning component 24. The Torreya seed fruit falls into the positioning component, the rotating motor rotates one unit, one unit is a rotation angle set by the program, the rotating disk rotates one unit, the piercing component punctures the end of the Torreya seed fruit, leaving a hole on the seed coat, and then the rotating motor rotates one unit again, the cutting and stripping component coincides with the drop tube, and then the thrust cylinder is started to push the Torreya seed fruit into the cutting and stripping component, the thrust cylinder retracts a distance, and after the Torreya seed fruit is placed, the thrust cylinder extends again to push the Torreya seed fruit downward, the seed coat is cut, and then falls into the drop tube.

[0044] The cutting and stripping assembly 22 comprises a stripping tube 221 disposed on the rotating disk 21. The side of the stripping tube 221 is provided with a plurality of through slots 222. The through slots 222 are provided with cutting knives 223. Figure 4 As shown, the blade of the cutter 223 is arranged toward the stripping tube 221. Torreya grandis seeds are arranged between a plurality of blades, and driven downward by the booster head of the thrust cylinder, and the surface seed coat of the Torreya grandis seeds is cut by the cutter, and an adjustment hole plate 224 is arranged at the outer opening of the through groove 222, and a plurality of adjustment holes 225 are arranged on the adjustment hole plate 224, and the cutter 223 is connected to the adjustment hole 225 on the adjustment hole plate 224 by bolts. The position between the cutters can be adjusted, so as to adjust the passing diameter formed by the combination of the cutters.

[0045] The piercing assembly 23 includes a reciprocating motor support 231 disposed on the rotating disk 21. Figure 5 and 6 As shown, a reciprocating motor 232 is provided on the reciprocating motor bracket 231, and a gear 233 is provided at the protruding end of the reciprocating motor 232. A main body disk 234 is provided at the upper end of the cutting and stripping assembly 22, and a plurality of piercing knives 235 are provided in the main body disk 234. A tooth block 236 is provided at one end of the piercing knife 235, and a spike end 237 is provided at the other end of the piercing knife 235. An inner tooth groove 238 is provided on the inner side wall of the main body disk 234, and the inner tooth groove 238 cooperates with the tooth block 236. A piercing channel 239 is provided in the center of the main body disk 234; a toothed disk 240 is provided at the upper end of the main body disk 234, and the teeth on the side of the toothed disk 240 mesh with the gear 233, and a rotating tooth 241 is provided in the center of the toothed disk 240, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the rotating tooth 241 is connected to the tooth block 236 via a toothed structure. The gear drives the toothed disk to rotate, and the rotating teeth in the toothed disk mesh with the tooth block of the piercing knife, driving multiple piercing knives to achieve linkage, and the piercing knife pokes holes on the outer side of the lower end of the seed coat to facilitate subsequent cutting. The reciprocating motor rotates clockwise and counterclockwise, and multiple piercing knives are linked, and the sharp ends gather toward the center of the piercing channel to pierce the end of the Torreya grandis seed.

[0046] The positioning assembly 24 includes an L-shaped frame 30 disposed on the rotating disk 21. Figure 8 As shown, a positioning tube 31 is provided at one end of the L-shaped frame 30, a positioning ring 32 is provided inside the positioning tube 31, and an elastic clamping plate 33 is symmetrically provided inside the positioning tube 31 and below the positioning ring 32. In the positioning assembly, the Torreya grandis seeds fall from the vibration plate into the positioning tube. Since the Torreya grandis seeds are elliptical, the maximum diameter of the seeds will be stuck in the elastic clamping plates on both sides, which is convenient for the piercing assembly to pierce the ends of the Torreya grandis seeds; when the Torreya grandis seeds fall into the stripping tube, the extended end of the thrust cylinder is connected to the booster head to push the Torreya grandis seeds to slide downward, and the booster head can smoothly pass through the middle channel of the elastic clamping plates on both sides in the initial state when it is retracted and reset.

[0047] The separation material box 17 comprises a box body 171 arranged in the enzymolysis tank 2, one side of the box body 171 is provided with an inclined material channel 172, the inclined material channel 172 corresponds to the discharge port 10, and a filter screen 173 is arranged in the box body 171. Torreya seed kernels and seed coats remain on the filter screen, and the enzyme solution flows to the bottom of the box body.

[0048] The specific steps of implementing the process of the enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis are as follows:

[0049] S1: First, pre-treat the aril of Torreya grandis, pour the Torreya grandis seeds into a vibrating plate, and through the neat arrangement of the vibrating plate, the Torreya grandis seeds fall into the aril cutting mechanism, and the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds is cut by the aril cutting mechanism, and the incision depth is between 3-4 mm. Pull out the telescopic hose and align it with the feed port at the upper end of the enzymolysis tank, and the aril and Torreya grandis seeds fall into the enzymolysis tank through the drop pipe and the telescopic hose; S2: introduce enzyme solution into the enzymolysis tank through the liquid inlet pipe, the pH of the enzyme solution is 3.98, the temperature of the enzyme solution is 34.81°C, the concentration of the enzyme solution is 27.71%, the enzyme solution includes pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase, and the pectinase The composition ratio of enzyme, cellulase and hemicellulase is 3.5:3:1; the stirring motor is started, and the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate, so that the Torreya grandis seeds and the enzyme solution are mixed, and the enzyme solution is in full contact with the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds with the seed coat removed, and the enzyme solution reacts chemically with the seed coat residue on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds, thereby removing the seed coat; S3: after the enzymolysis is completed, the discharge port at the bottom of the enzymolysis tank is opened, and the Torreya grandis seeds and the enzyme solution flow into the separation box, and qualified Torreya grandis seeds are screened out through manual selection. There are adhesion residues on the surface of the seed shell, and they are treated with enzyme solution to obtain smooth Torreya grandis seeds. The enzyme solution is treated by the enzyme solution filtering device and can be reused.

[0050] As attached Fig.13 As shown in the figure, the pH values ​​of various enzymes in the enzyme solution under different environments are as follows: pectinase is most active at a pH of about 3.5, cellulase is most active at a pH of about 4.5, and hemicellulase is most active at a pH of about 4. Combining the three values, it can be concluded that the most suitable pH value for the enzyme solution is about 4. Fig.14 The activity of each reaction enzyme at different temperatures is shown in Figure 2. Fig.15 It shows the performance of enzyme solution under different enzyme solution concentrations, the performance of enzyme solution under different enzyme solution ratios, and the performance of enzyme solution under different material-liquid ratios.

[0051] Since there is a layer of wax on the outer pericarp of Torreya grandis, it is difficult for the enzyme to penetrate into it, and generally the Torreya grandis needs to be dewaxed. The existing methods are chemical methods using dewaxing agents, or physical methods such as cutting the Torreya grandis seed coat to allow the enzyme to penetrate better; Fig.16 As shown in the table, different dewaxing treatment methods are used. It can be clearly seen that the first column is the different ways of cutting the Torreya grandis seed coat, and the second and third columns are various chemical agents and the main chemical components of various chemical agents. Fig.17 As shown in the table, in order to better judge the peeling effect, the sensory evaluation scoring standard for the peeling effect of Torreya grandis is formulated, and the scoring standard for the degree of seed coat removal is formulated, so that the operator can judge each Torreya grandis according to this standard; Fig.18As shown in the table, the sensory evaluation of the enzymatic peeling effect of Torreya grandis with different incision methods is shown. It can be seen from the table that the effects of enzymatic removal of aril by different incision methods are different. Compared with the perforation method, the longitudinal cutting method has a better peeling effect. This is mainly because the longitudinal cutting is conducive to the penetration of the enzyme solution, which is convenient for acting on the internal tissue structure of the aril. Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the effects of different incision depths and methods on enzymatic removal of aril are shown, a is a surface incision of 1-2 mm, b is a deep incision of 3-4 mm, and c is a perforation method; as shown in the attached figure Fig.11 As shown in the figure, the effect of different incision directions on enzymatic removal of aril is shown. a is four cuts in the middle of the seed coat, and b is four cuts from the beginning to the end. Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the effect of different penetration enhancers on the enzymatic removal of aril is demonstrated. The experimental conditions are: soaking in the penetration enhancer for 20 minutes and the enzyme solution for 30 minutes at 37°C. It can be seen that the penetration enhancer using 60% ethanol has the best effect compared with other penetration enhancers.

Claims

1. A device for removing cattails from Torreya grandis by enzymatic method, comprising a plurality of brackets (1), characterized in that: The support (1) is provided with an enzymolysis tank (2), an upper end cover (3) is provided at the upper end of the enzymolysis tank (2), a stirring motor support (4) is provided at the upper part of the upper end cover (3), a stirring motor (5) is provided on the stirring motor support (4), the protruding end of the stirring motor (5) extends downwardly and is connected to a stirring shaft (6) arranged in the enzymolysis tank (2), a feed inlet (7) and a liquid inlet (8) are provided on the upper end cover (3), a pressure cover (9) is provided on the feed inlet (7), and a discharge port (10) with a cover is provided at the bottom of the enzymolysis tank (2); a cutting support (11) is provided on one side of the enzymolysis tank (2), and a vibration support (11) is provided on the cutting support (11) A plate (12), a discharge pipe (13) is provided at the discharge end of the vibrating plate (12), a seed coat cutting mechanism (14) is provided on the cutting support (11) and below the discharge pipe (13), a discharge portion of the seed coat cutting mechanism (14) is provided with a drop pipe (15), the drop pipe (15) is arranged in the cutting support (11) and the end thereof is connected to a telescopic hose (16), the telescopic hose (16) corresponds to the feed port (7); a separation box (17) is provided below the discharge port (10), an enzyme liquid filter device (18) is connected to one side of the separation box (17), and the enzyme liquid filter device (18) is connected to the enzymolysis tank (2) via a pipeline; The seed skin cutting mechanism (14) comprises a rotating disk frame (19) arranged on a cutting support (11), a rotating motor (20) being arranged on the rotating disk frame (19), a rotating disk (21) being arranged at an upper protruding end of the rotating motor (20), a plurality of cutting and stripping components (22) being evenly arranged at a certain angle on the rotating disk (21), a piercing point component (23) being arranged at the upper end of the cutting and stripping component (22), a positioning component (24) being arranged on the rotating disk (21) and above the piercing point component (23), the positioning component (24) being matched with the discharge pipe (13), and the discharge pipe (15) being matched with and connected to a channel opening in the cutting and stripping component (22); a cylinder support (25) being arranged on one side of the rotating disk frame (19), a thrust cylinder (26) being arranged at the upper end of the cylinder support (25), a booster head (27) being connected to the protruding rod end of the thrust cylinder (26), and the booster head (27) being matched with the channel opening in the positioning component (24).

2. The enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting and stripping assembly (22) comprises a stripping tube (221) arranged on a rotating disk (21), a plurality of through slots (222) being arranged on the side of the stripping tube (221), a cutting knife (223) being arranged in the through slot (222), and a blade of the cutting knife (223) being arranged facing the inside of the stripping tube (221).

3. The enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piercing point assembly (23) comprises a reciprocating motor support (231) arranged on a rotating disk (21), a reciprocating motor (232) being arranged on the reciprocating motor support (231), a gear (233) being arranged at the protruding end of the reciprocating motor (232), a main body disk (234) being arranged at the upper end of the cutting and stripping assembly (22), a plurality of piercing knives (235) being arranged in the main body disk (234), a tooth block (236) being arranged at one end of the piercing knives (235), and a spike being arranged at the other end of the piercing knives (235). An end (237) is provided, an inner tooth groove (238) is provided on the inner side wall of the main body disk (234), the inner tooth groove (238) cooperates with the tooth block (236), and a piercing channel (239) is provided in the center of the main body disk (234); a toothed disk (240) is provided at the upper end of the main body disk (234), the teeth on the side of the toothed disk (240) mesh with the gear (233), and a rotating tooth (241) is provided in the center of the toothed disk (240), and the rotating tooth (241) is connected to the tooth block (236) via a toothed structure.

4. The enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (24) comprises an L-shaped frame (30) arranged on the rotating disk (21), a positioning tube (31) being provided at one end of the L-shaped frame (30), a positioning ring (32) being provided inside the positioning tube (31), and an elastic clamping plate (33) being symmetrically provided inside the positioning tube (31) and below the positioning ring (32).

5. The enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation material box (17) comprises a box body (171) arranged in the enzymolysis tank (2), an inclined material channel (172) is provided on one side of the box body (171), the inclined material channel (172) corresponds to the material outlet (10), and a filter screen plate (173) is provided in the box body (171).

6. The enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis according to claim 2, characterized in that: An adjusting hole plate (224) is provided at the outer opening of the through slot (222), a plurality of adjusting holes (225) are provided on the adjusting hole plate (224), and the cutter (223) is connected to the adjusting holes (225) on the adjusting hole plate (224) via bolts.

7. The processing technology applied to the enzymatic depilation equipment for Torreya grandis according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific steps are as follows: S1: First, the aril of Torreya grandis is pretreated, and Torreya grandis seeds are poured into a vibration plate. Through the neat arrangement of the vibration plate, the Torreya grandis seeds fall into the seed coat cutting mechanism. The surface of the Torreya grandis seeds is cut by the seed coat cutting mechanism, and the incision depth is between 3-4 mm. The telescopic hose is pulled out and aligned with the feed port at the upper end of the enzymolysis tank. The seed coat and Torreya grandis seeds fall into the enzymolysis tank through the drop pipe and the telescopic hose; S2: introducing enzyme solution into the enzymolysis tank through the liquid inlet pipe, starting the stirring motor, driving the stirring shaft to rotate, mixing the Torreya grandis seeds with the enzyme solution, and fully contacting the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds with the seed coat removed, and chemically reacting the enzyme solution with the seed coat residue on the surface of the Torreya grandis seeds, thereby removing the seed coat; S3: After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the discharge port at the bottom of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank is opened, and the Torreya grandis seeds and enzyme solution flow into the separation box. Through manual selection, qualified Torreya grandis seeds are screened out. There are adhesion residues on the surface of the seed shell. After being treated with enzyme solution, smooth Torreya grandis seeds are obtained. The enzyme solution is treated by the enzyme solution filtration device and can be reused.

8. The enzymatic depilation process for Torreya grandis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pH of the enzyme solution is 3.98, the temperature of the enzyme solution is 34.81° C., and the concentration of the enzyme solution is 27.71%.

9. The enzymatic depilation process for Torreya grandis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The enzyme solution comprises pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase, and the component ratio of the pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase is 3.5:3:1.

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