Locking Method and Special Locking Tooling for Special-shaped Hollow Thin-walled Parts with Holes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a locking method and a special locking tooling for a special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes. The tooling includes a through shaft, and an outer taper sleeve is sleeved on the rear section of the through shaft. A center plug plate with an inner taper hole is sleeved outside the outer taper sleeve. A locking nut is threadedly sleeved on the through shaft at the rear end face of the outer taper sleeve. An outer taper ring is fixedly arranged at the front section of the through shaft, and an inner taper sleeve is correspondingly sleeved on the outer taper ring. The outer taper sleeve is composed of two half outer taper sleeves, the inner taper sleeve is composed of two half inner taper sleeves, and the center plug plate is in clearance fit with the hole at the rear end of the workpiece. The locking method of the present invention uses the above tooling, and has the advantages of simple method, convenient operation, high locking precision, reusable, high clamping efficiency, and will not cause clamping deformation or affect the surface quality of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a locking method and a locking tooling for special-shaped workpieces, specifically a locking method and a special locking tooling for special-shaped hollow thin-walled parts with holes. Background Art

[0002] In actual production, there are production requirements for some special-shaped hollow thin-walled parts with holes, such as Figure 5 As shown, the front end of the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part (hereinafter referred to as the workpiece) has a concave hole, there are pin holes around the bottom hole opening, and the rear end is open. This special-shaped structure causes problems in effective clamping during the manufacturing process.

[0003] For the above workpiece, the existing common precise toolings include: installing a center plug in the hole at the rear end, ensuring a certain interference fit with the center plug according to the size of the hole of the hollow part, and pressing the plug into the inner hole of the hollow part by a pressing method. At the same time, a bracket is welded on the front end wall surface as an auxiliary clamping position for connecting to the lathe.

[0004] The above locking method has the following defects:

[0005] (1) The plug tooling can only be single-matched and cannot be reused. The plug tooling and the hole at the rear end of the workpiece are in an interference fit, and the pressing and disassembly processes are cumbersome, and it is very easy to damage the thin-walled workpiece body.

[0006] (2) For special-shaped thin-walled hollow parts, after installing the center plug, an auxiliary clamping position needs to be added at the front end of the workpiece by welding or other means for connecting to the driving end of the lathe. After the lathe operation is completed, the auxiliary clamping needs to be removed, which makes the operation more complex, the clamping accuracy poor, the locking efficiency low, and adding welding points directly affects the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0007] Therefore, for thin-walled special-shaped hollow parts, it is a technical problem that needs to be solved by technicians to design a tooling with a simple structure, convenient operation, high precision, reusable, easy to clamp, and no clamping deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a locking method for special-shaped hollow thin-walled parts with holes that is simple in method, convenient in operation, high in locking precision, reusable, high in clamping efficiency, and will not cause clamping deformation or affect the surface quality of the product.

[0009] The present invention also provides a locking tooling for the above locking method.

[0010] The locking tooling of the present invention includes a through-shaft. The rear section of the through-shaft is sleeved with an outer taper sleeve, and the outer taper sleeve is externally sleeved with a central plug plate having an inner taper hole. A locking nut is threadedly sleeved on the through-shaft at the rear end face of the outer taper sleeve; the front section of the through-shaft is fixedly provided with an outer taper ring, and an inner taper sleeve is correspondingly sleeved on the outer taper ring; the outer taper sleeve is composed of two half outer taper sleeves, the inner taper sleeve is composed of two half inner taper sleeves, and the central plug plate is in clearance fit with the hole at the rear end of the workpiece.

[0011] An equal-height spacer block is also sleeved on the through-shaft between the outer taper sleeve and the locking nut.

[0012] A driving disc is also provided on the through-shaft behind the outer taper ring. The driving disc is provided with pin holes corresponding to the pin holes at the circumferential part of the orifice of the concave hole at the front end of the workpiece.

[0013] The front end of the through-shaft is provided with an inserting shaft hole, and a lathe driving shaft is inserted into the inserting shaft hole.

[0014] A dismounting threaded hole is opened on the half outer taper sleeve.

[0015] The locking method for the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes of the present invention uses the above-mentioned locking tooling and performs the following operations:

[0016] 1) Insert a driving pin into the pin hole in the driving disc at the front section of the through-shaft, and insert the rear end of the through-shaft from the front to the back through the concave hole of the workpiece and into the center of the workpiece through the orifice. After the driving disc of the through-shaft enters the concave hole, load two half inner taper sleeves into the concave hole at the front end of the workpiece, and form an inner taper sleeve after assembly;

[0017] 2) Continue to push the through-shaft backward so that its rear end passes through the center of the hole at the rear end of the workpiece. At this time, the outer taper ring on the through-shaft is just partially inserted with the inner taper sleeve, and the front end of the driving pin in the driving disc just inserts into the pin hole at the circumferential part of the orifice of the concave hole of the workpiece;

[0018] 3) Sleeve the central plug plate on the rear section of the workpiece so that the central plug plate just blocks the hole at the rear end of the workpiece; load two half outer taper sleeves into the annular gap between the central plug plate and the through-shaft, and form an outer taper sleeve after assembly;

[0019] 4) Load the locking nut onto the rear end of the through-shaft and tighten it. During the process of tightening forward, drive the through-shaft to move backward, press the outer taper sleeve completely into the annular gap between the central plug plate and the through-shaft to form an interference fit, and make the central plug plate tightly press against the hole at the rear end of the workpiece. At the same time, make the outer taper ring and the inner taper sleeve fully inserted to form an interference fit, and make the inner taper sleeve tightly press against the wall of the concave hole at the front end of the workpiece, that is, complete the clamping process.

[0020] In step 4), first sleeve the equal-height spacer block on the rear end of the through-shaft, and then load the locking nut and tighten it.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] 1) By using the tooling of the present invention and the corresponding locking method, the interference fit between the center plug plate and the hole at the rear end of the workpiece can be changed to a clearance fit in the past, that is, effective clamping is completed, and the workpiece will not be deformed. At the same time, under the clearance fit, the center plug plate is easy to assemble and disassemble, greatly improving the locking efficiency, and each component of the tooling can be reused repeatedly, further reducing the production cost;

[0023] 2) By using the cooperation of the outer cone ring and the inner cone sleeve on the through-shaft, the axial force is converted into a radial force, thereby pressing the inner concave hole wall at the front end of the workpiece to realize the auxiliary clamping at the front end. The front end of the through-shaft can be directly connected to the driving end of the lathe or connected to the driving end of the lathe through the lathe driving shaft, so that there is no need to weld an auxiliary clamping position separately, avoiding the workpiece deformation or surface quality problems caused thereby, greatly reducing the operation difficulty, simplifying the locking process, and improving the work efficiency.

[0024] 3) Both the outer cone sleeve and the inner cone sleeve adopt a split cone sleeve structure, which is convenient for disassembly and there is no jamming phenomenon.

[0025] 4) The driving disc is connected to the hole at the front end of the workpiece through a driving pin, improving the reliable transmission of the rotational force from the through-shaft to the workpiece when the lathe rotates.

[0026] 5) The tooling of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has high precision, can be reused repeatedly, is convenient for clamping, and effectively avoids the occurrence of clamping deformation problems. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the locking state of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the through-shaft

[0029] Figure 3 It is a force analysis diagram of the split inner cone sleeve.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a force analysis diagram of the split outer cone sleeve.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes.

[0032] Among them, 1 - workpiece, 1.1 - inner concave hole, 1.2 - hole opening, 1.3 - hole, 1.4 - pin hole, 2 - through-shaft, 2.1 - insertion shaft hole, 2.2 - outer cone ring, 2.3 - driving disc, 2.4 - locking thread, 2.5 - pin hole, 3 - lathe driving shaft, 4 - inner cone sleeve, 4.1 - half inner cone sleeve, 5 - driving pin, 6 - outer cone sleeve, 6.1 - half outer cone sleeve, 7 - center plug plate, 7.1 - inner cone hole, 8 - equal-height spacer block, 9 - locking nut, 10 - disassembly screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The tooling structure of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The real locking tool of the present invention comprises a through shaft 2, the rear section of the through shaft 2 is sleeved with an outer tapered sleeve 6, the outer sleeve of the outer tapered sleeve 6 is covered with a center plugging plate 7 with an inner tapered hole 7.1, the through shaft 2 at the rear end face of the outer tapered sleeve 6 is provided with a locking thread 2.4, and a locking nut 9 is threadedly sleeved thereon, and an equal height pad 8 is also sleeved on the through shaft 2 between the outer tapered sleeve 6 and the locking nut 9; the front section of the through shaft 2 is fixedly provided with an outer tapered ring 2.2, and the outer tapered ring 2.2 is correspondingly sleeved with an inner tapered sleeve 4; the through shaft 2 behind the outer tapered ring 2.2 is also provided with a pulling disk 2.3, and the pulling disk 2.3 is provided with a pin hole 2.5 corresponding to the pin hole 1.4 around the orifice 1.2 of the inner concave hole 1.1 at the front end of the workpiece 1.

[0035] The outer cone sleeve 6 is composed of two half outer cone sleeves 6.1, and a disassembly threaded hole 10 is opened on the half outer cone sleeve 6.1. The inner cone sleeve 4 is composed of two half inner cone sleeves 4.1. The center plugging plate 6 and the hole 1.3 at the rear end of the workpiece 1 are clearance-matched.

[0036] The driving end of the lathe can be directly connected to the through-shaft 2 to drive it to rotate.

[0037] As another embodiment, the front end of the through shaft 2 is provided with a shaft insertion hole 2.1, and a lathe pulling shaft 3 is inserted into the shaft insertion hole 2.1, and is connected to the driving end of the lathe via the lathe pulling shaft 3.

[0038] The workpiece 1 is Figure 5 The special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes shown is a hollow thin-walled structure, with an inner concave hole 1.1 at the front end, pin holes 1.4 around the bottom hole 1.2, and an opening 1.3 at the rear end.

[0039] The locking method of the workpiece is:

[0040] 1) Insert the pull pin 5 into the pin hole 2.5 in the pull disk 2.3 at the front section of the through-shaft 2, insert the rear end of the through-shaft 2 from the front to the back through the inner concave hole 1.1 of the workpiece 1 through the orifice 1.2 into the center of the workpiece 1, and after the pull disk 2.3 of the through-shaft 2 enters the inner concave hole 1.1, install two half inner cone sleeves 4.1 into the front inner concave hole 1.1 of the workpiece 1, and form the inner cone sleeve 4.1 after assembling;

[0041] (2) Continuing to push the through-shaft 2 backward until its rear end passes through the center of the hole 1.3 at the rear end of the workpiece 1. At this time, the outer cone ring 2.3 on the through-shaft 2 is exactly partially inserted into the inner cone sleeve 4, and the front end of the driving pin 5 in the driving disc 2.3 is exactly inserted into the pin hole 1.4 around the orifice 1.2 of the concave hole 1.1 in the workpiece 1;

[0042] (3) Sleeving the center plug 7 on the rear section of the workpiece 1 so that the center plug 7 exactly blocks the hole 1.3 at the rear end of the workpiece 1; Loading two half outer cone sleeves 6.1 into the annular gap between the center plug 7 and the through-shaft 2, and forming an outer cone sleeve 6 after assembly;

[0043] (4) First, sleeving the equal-height spacer block 8 on the rear end of the through-shaft 2, then installing the locking nut 9 and tightening it. During the process of tightening forward, the through-shaft 2 is driven to move backward, pressing the outer cone sleeve 6 completely into the annular gap between the center plug 7 and the through-shaft 2 to form an interference fit, and making the center plug 7 tightly press against the hole at the rear end of the workpiece 1. At the same time, making the outer cone ring 2.3 and the inner cone sleeve 4 all inserted to form an interference fit, and making the inner cone sleeve 4 tightly press against the hole wall of the front concave hole 1.3 of the workpiece 1, thus completing the clamping process.

[0044] Disassembly process:

[0045] During disassembly, first unscrew the locking nut 9 and take out the equal-height spacer block 8. Then, screw the disassembly screw hole 10 of the half outer cone sleeve 6.1 with a disassembly tool. After pulling out one of the half outer cone sleeves 6.1, the other can also be easily disassembled. The acting force on the center plug 7 is released and it can be loosened and easily removed. Then, applying an axial force forward to the through-shaft 2 can separate the outer cone ring 2.3 and the inner cone sleeve 4, and the through-shaft 2, the inner cone sleeve 4 and other components can be disassembled in sequence.

[0046] Force analysis:

[0047] Referring to Figure 3 , 4, the inner cone sleeve 4 is subjected to the axial tension F of the through-shaft 2 轴 , this tension is decomposed into F1 and F2 on the conical surfaces of the two half inner cone sleeves 4.1; where F1 is perpendicular to the pressure on the conical surface, and this pressure can radially expand the two half inner cone sleeves 4.1 to tightly press against the hole wall of the concave hole 1.1 in the workpiece 1, ensuring the clamping accuracy; F2 is the tension along the conical surface, pulling the inner cone sleeve 4.

[0048] Referring to Figure 4, the outer cone sleeve 6 is subjected to the pressing force F_press of the equal-height spacer block 8, and this pressure can be decomposed into F3 and F4 on the conical surfaces of the two half outer cone sleeves 6.1; among them, F3 is the pressure perpendicular to the conical surface, which can cause the two half outer cone sleeves 6.1 to expand radially and closely adhere to the inner conical surface of the central plug plate 7. At the same time, F3 makes the inner hole of the outer cone sleeve 6 closely adhere to the through shaft 2, ensuring the clamping accuracy; F4 is the pulling force along the conical surface, which pulls the central plug plate 7 and promotes the outer circumference of the central plug plate 7 to closely adhere to the hole at the rear end of the workpiece 1, ensuring the clamping accuracy.

[0049] Drive analysis:

[0050] The rotational power at the driving end of the lathe drives the through shaft 2 to rotate through the lathe shifting shaft 3. The shifting pin 5 on the shifting disk 2.3 of the through shaft 2 is connected to the pin hole 1.4 of the workpiece 1, and finally drives the workpiece 1 to rotate; at the same time, the conical surfaces of the inner cone sleeve 4 and the outer cone sleeve 6 achieve an interference fit due to extrusion and can also drive the workpiece 1 to rotate.

Claims

1. A locking method for a special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes, characterized in that, Use a locking tooling, the locking tooling includes a through shaft, a rear section of the through shaft is sleeved with an outer tapered sleeve, the outer tapered sleeve is externally sleeved with a central plug plate having an inner tapered hole, and a locking nut is threadedly sleeved on the through shaft at the rear end face of the outer tapered sleeve; a front section of the through shaft is fixedly provided with an outer tapered ring, and an inner tapered sleeve is correspondingly sleeved on the outer tapered ring; the outer tapered sleeve is composed of two semi-outer tapered sleeves, the inner tapered sleeve is composed of two semi-inner tapered sleeves, and the central plug plate is in clearance fit with the hole at the rear end of the workpiece; a driving disk is further provided on the through shaft behind the outer tapered ring, and the driving disk is provided with pin holes corresponding to the pin holes at the peripheral part of the inner concave hole at the front end of the workpiece; Perform the following operations using the above-mentioned locking tooling:

1. Insert a driving pin into the pin hole in the driving disk at the front section of the through shaft, insert the rear end of the through shaft from the front to the back through the inner concave hole of the workpiece and into the center of the workpiece through the hole opening. After the driving disk of the through shaft enters the inner concave hole, load two semi-inner tapered sleeves into the inner concave hole at the front end of the workpiece, and form an inner tapered sleeve after assembly; 2. Continue to push the through shaft backward so that its rear end passes through the center of the hole at the rear end of the workpiece. At this time, the outer tapered ring on the through shaft is just partially inserted into the inner tapered sleeve, and the front end of the driving pin in the driving disk just inserts into the pin hole at the peripheral part of the inner concave hole of the workpiece; 3. Sleeve the central plug plate on the rear section of the workpiece so that the central plug plate just blocks the hole at the rear end of the workpiece; load two semi-outer tapered sleeves into the annular gap between the central plug plate and the through shaft, and form an outer tapered sleeve after assembly; 4. Install and tighten the locking nut at the rear end of the through shaft. During the process of tightening forward, drive the through shaft to move backward, press the outer tapered sleeve completely into the annular gap between the central plug plate and the through shaft to form an interference fit, and make the central plug plate tightly press against the hole at the rear end of the workpiece. At the same time, make the outer tapered ring and the inner tapered sleeve all inserted to form an interference fit, and make the inner tapered sleeve tightly press against the inner wall of the inner concave hole at the front end of the workpiece, that is, complete the clamping process.

2. The locking method of the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An equal-height spacer block is further sleeved on the through shaft between the outer tapered sleeve and the locking nut.

3. The locking method for the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 4), first sleeve the equal-height spacer block on the rear end of the through shaft, and then install and tighten the locking nut.

4. The locking method for the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes as claimed in claim 1, wherein The front end of the through shaft is provided with an inserting shaft hole, and a lathe driving shaft is inserted into the inserting shaft hole.

5. The locking method for the special-shaped hollow thin-walled part with holes as claimed in claim 1, wherein The semi-outer tapered sleeve is provided with a disassembly threaded hole.

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