A laminated glass for vehicle and use thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of vehicle laminated glass and its application, which includes outer sheet glass, inner sheet glass and intermediate film, the outer sheet glass has the first surface towards outside and the second surface towards inside, the inner sheet glass has the third surface towards outside and the fourth surface towards inside, the intermediate film is bonded with the second surface and the third surface, infrared reflection film is provided between the outer sheet glass and the inner sheet glass, and low-emissivity film is provided on the fourth surface;The mirror factor α of the vehicle laminated glass is less than or equal to 15, and the mirror factor α is according to the formula α=RL / TL 2 RL is the visible light reflectance of the vehicle laminated glass measured from the inside, and TL is the visible light transmittance of the vehicle laminated glass. When the vehicle laminated glass is used as the sunroof glass of the vehicle roof, the use of sunshade curtain can be cancelled, the mirror reflection effect of the inside can be effectively improved, and the user experience and passenger privacy can be protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a laminated glass for vehicles and its application, belonging to the field of automotive glass technology. Background Technology

[0002] For existing technologies, such as US20040219368A1 and CN101400515A, the panoramic sunroof glass used in cars without sunshades generally achieves heat insulation and heat preservation functions through heat-reflective metal films and / or heat-absorbing interlayer films and / or low-emissivity films. Moreover, the heat-absorbing interlayer films used generally have low visible light transmittance to prevent sunlight from entering the cabin through the roof and causing adverse consequences such as glare and dizziness.

[0003] Meanwhile, since laminated glass used in vehicles generally does not come with sunshades and its visible light reflectivity typically exceeds 8%, when used as sunroof glass, the reflections of passengers and items inside the vehicle (such as center console displays or other electronic device displays) are clearly visible on the sunroof glass due to mirror reflection. This causes visual interference for passengers, especially those in the rear seats, and causes discomfort to their eyes. Moreover, as sunroof glass becomes larger and its visible light transmittance decreases—for example, the reflections on panoramic sunroofs or panoramic sunroofs in electric vehicles are becoming increasingly clear—if passengers are using mobile phones or other electronic devices, the content of these devices may be clearly displayed on the sunroof glass and observed by other passengers, thus causing a privacy breach.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve the mirror reflection without sunshades, providing a laminated glass for vehicles and its application has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve mirror reflection without sunshades, one object of the present invention is to provide laminated glass for vehicles.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide the above-described laminated glass for vehicles as a sunroof, side window or rear windshield of a vehicle.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the present invention provides a laminated glass for vehicles, wherein the laminated glass for vehicles includes an outer glass, an inner glass and an interlayer film, the outer glass has a first surface facing outwards and a second surface facing inwards, the inner glass has a third surface facing outwards and a fourth surface facing inwards, the interlayer film joins the second surface and the third surface, an infrared reflective film is provided between the outer glass and the inner glass, and a low-emissivity film is provided on the fourth surface;

[0008] The mirror coefficient α of the laminated glass used in the vehicle is ≤15, and the mirror coefficient α is calculated according to the formula α=RL / TL. 2 The calculation shows that RL is the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass used in the vehicle, measured from the inside of the vehicle, and TL is the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass used in the vehicle. Specific examples of the specular coefficient α include 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15.

[0009] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the mirror coefficient α of the laminated glass for vehicles is 3-10.

[0010] In one specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above, the edge region of the second surface is covered with a first dark-colored shielding layer, and / or the edge region of the third surface or the fourth surface is covered with a second dark-colored shielding layer; the width of the second dark-colored shielding layer is greater than the width of the first dark-colored shielding layer.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the thickness range of the first dark shielding layer and the second dark shielding layer is 10μm-22μm, preferably 10μm-15μm.

[0012] In this invention, the width of the second dark-colored shielding layer is greater than the width of the first dark-colored shielding layer, which prevents the printed boundary from being seen inside the vehicle. As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above, the width difference between the second dark-colored shielding layer and the first dark-colored shielding layer is 3mm-10mm, preferably 5mm.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first dark masking layer and the second dark masking layer may be made of black ceramic ink, which is a conventional material that can be commercially available and contains glass frit (content greater than 60 wt%) and pigments, etc.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, both the first dark masking layer and the second dark masking layer can be prepared by screen printing or inkjet printing.

[0015] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the outer glass is a transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80% and a thickness of 1.8mm-4.2mm.

[0016] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the inner glass is transparent glass or green glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80% and a thickness of 0.7mm-2.1mm.

[0017] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass with a low-emissivity film is 50%-70%.

[0018] In one specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above, the inner glass with a low-emissivity film has a specular value α1 ≤ 0.1, wherein the specular value α1 is calculated according to the formula α1 = RL. 内 / TL 内 2 Calculate, RL 内 To measure the visible light reflectance of the inner glass with the low-emissivity film from the side closest to the low-emissivity film, TL 内 This refers to the visible light transmittance of the inner glass pane with a low-emissivity coating. Specific examples of the specular coefficient α1 include 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, and 0.1.

[0019] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the visible light transmittance of the interlayer film is 1%-20%, preferably 2%-10%;

[0020] More preferably, the intermediate film is a colored thermoplastic polymer film, the material of which includes PVB, EVA, SGP or PU.

[0021] The present invention does not impose specific requirements on the thickness of the intermediate membrane, which can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual situation on site. For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the intermediate membrane is generally 0.38mm-1.63mm, preferably 0.76mm-1.25mm.

[0022] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the infrared reflective film includes at least one metal layer and at least two first dielectric layers, with each metal layer located between two adjacent first dielectric layers.

[0023] The present invention does not impose specific requirements on the thickness of the infrared reflective film, which can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual situation on site. For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the infrared reflective film can be 100nm-500nm.

[0024] In this invention, when the edge region of the second surface of the outer glass is covered with a first dark shielding layer, an infrared reflective film is disposed between the first dark shielding layer and the intermediate film.

[0025] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the low-emissivity film includes at least one transparent conductive oxide layer and at least two second dielectric layers, with each transparent conductive oxide layer located between two adjacent second dielectric layers.

[0026] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the low-emissivity film further includes at least one visible light blocking layer, which is in direct contact with the transparent conductive oxide layer.

[0027] This invention does not impose specific requirements on the thickness of the low-emissivity film, which can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual site conditions. For example, in some embodiments of this invention, the thickness of the low-emissivity film can be 100nm-500nm.

[0028] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the low-emissivity film has an emissivity ≤0.25 and a sheet resistivity ≤23 ohms / m. 2 The reflectance color of the inner glass with the low-emissivity film is measured from the side closest to the low-emissivity film, according to Lab: -10≤a≤2, -5≤b≤5.

[0029] As a specific embodiment of the laminated glass for vehicles described above in this invention, the visible light transmittance TL of the laminated glass for vehicles is 0.5%-10%, the visible light reflectance RL of the laminated glass for vehicles measured from the inside of the vehicle is ≤6%, preferably ≤4%, even ≤2%, and even more so ≤1%, and the total solar energy transmittance of the laminated glass for vehicles is ≤20%.

[0030] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of the above-described laminated glass for vehicles as sunroof glass, side window glass or rear windshield glass of vehicles.

[0031] As a specific embodiment of the application described above in this invention, the vehicle may be, for example, an automobile.

[0032] When the laminated glass for vehicles provided by this invention is used as the roof glass of a vehicle, i.e., the sunroof glass, the use of sunshade curtains or blackout cloths can be avoided; it can also reduce or even eliminate the obvious reflection of passengers and objects inside the vehicle on the sunroof glass due to mirror reflection, avoid visual interference to passengers, especially rear passengers, effectively improve the mirror reflection effect of the interior surface, enhance user experience and protect passenger privacy. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of laminated glass for vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of main icon numbers:

[0036] 1. Outer glass pane;

[0037] 11. First surface;

[0038] 12. Second surface;

[0039] 2. First dark masking layer;

[0040] 3. Infrared reflective film;

[0041] 4. Intermediate membrane;

[0042] 5. Inner glass pane;

[0043] 51. Third surface;

[0044] 52. Fourth surface;

[0045] 6. Low-emissivity film;

[0046] 7. Second dark masking layer. Detailed Implementation

[0047] It should be noted that the term "comprising" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, device or composition that includes a series of steps, units or components is not necessarily limited to those steps, units or components that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps, units or components that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, devices or compositions.

[0048] The "range" disclosed in this invention is given in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit. It can be one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit. The selected lower and upper limits define the boundaries of the particular range. All ranges defined in this way are composable, meaning that any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for specific parameters, it is also expected that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also expected. Furthermore, if the listed minimum range values ​​are 1 and 2, and the listed maximum range values ​​are 3, 4, and 5, then the following ranges are all expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "ab" represents a shortened representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" indicates that all real numbers between "0-5" have been listed in this invention, and "0-5" is simply a shortened representation of these numerical combinations.

[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and preferred embodiments mentioned in this invention can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all technical features and preferred features mentioned in this invention can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying tables, drawings, and embodiments. The embodiments described below are some, but not all, embodiments of this invention, and are only used to illustrate the invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0053] In this invention, the infrared reflective film 3 can reflect infrared rays in sunlight, thereby reducing the total solar transmittance of laminated glass for vehicles. The infrared reflective film 3 is disposed between the outer glass 1 and the inner glass 5. Specifically, it can be disposed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass 1, or on the third surface 51 of the inner glass 5, or on a thermoplastic film such as PET. The thermoplastic film on which the infrared reflective film 3 is disposed is sandwiched between the second surface 12 and the third surface 51.

[0054] The infrared reflective film 3 comprises at least one metal layer and at least two first dielectric layers, with each metal layer located between two adjacent first dielectric layers. The metal layer material can be silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), or other metals or metal alloys. This invention preferably uses silver or a silver alloy, where the silver alloy is preferably an alloy of silver with at least one of gold, aluminum, copper, or platinum. Depending on the specific application, the number of metal layers in the infrared reflective film 3 can be, for example, two, three, four, five, or even more; using silver or a silver alloy as an example, there can be double-silver infrared reflective films, triple-silver infrared reflective films, quadruple-silver infrared reflective films, penta-silver infrared reflective films, etc. The material of the first dielectric layer can be selected from at least one of the oxides of Zn, Mg, Sn, Ti, Nb, Zr, Ni, In, Al, Ce, W, Mo, Sb, Bi, or nitrides, oxynitrides, and mixtures thereof of Si, Al, Zr, Y, Ce, La, such as zinc stannate, magnesium-doped zinc stannate, zinc oxide, magnesium-doped zinc oxide, zirconium-doped zinc oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, titanium peroxide, etc.

[0055] The metal layer and the first dielectric layer can be formed by magnetron sputtering, and the thickness of each metal layer is 4nm-20nm. By optimizing the materials and thickness of the metal layer and the first dielectric layer, the infrared reflective film 3 can withstand subsequent high-temperature heat treatment or other bending and forming processes, and the optical and mechanical properties of the resulting laminated glass for vehicles can meet the standards for use in vehicle glass.

[0056] In this invention, the low-emissivity film 6 is disposed on the fourth surface 52 of the inner glass 5 to reduce the emissivity of the laminated glass for vehicles. Preferably, the emissivity of the low-emissivity film 6 is ≤0.25, more preferably ≤0.20. The low-emissivity film 6 includes at least one transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer. The material of the transparent conductive oxide layer can be selected from at least one of doped zinc oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), and fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO). The doped zinc oxide is one or more of the elements such as aluminum, tungsten, hafnium, gallium, yttrium, niobium, and neodymium. Specifically, it can be at least one of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), yttrium-doped zinc oxide (YZO), hafnium and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (HAZO), tungsten and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (W-AZO), and gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0057] The low-emissivity film 6 has a total thickness of 50nm-300nm for the transparent conductive oxide layer. It also includes at least two second dielectric layers, with each transparent conductive oxide layer located between two adjacent second dielectric layers. The transparent conductive oxide layer and the second dielectric layers can be formed using magnetron sputtering. By optimizing the materials and thicknesses of the transparent conductive oxide layer and the second dielectric layers, the low-emissivity film 6 can withstand subsequent high-temperature heat treatment or other bending and forming processes. Furthermore, the resulting laminated glass for vehicles meets the optical and mechanical properties required for vehicle glass applications. In addition, the low-emissivity film 6 achieves an anti-reflective effect, reducing or even eliminating noticeable reflections of passengers and objects on the sunroof due to specular reflection, thus avoiding visual interference for passengers, especially rear passengers, and improving the user experience. Optionally, the material of the second dielectric layer is selected from at least one nitride, oxide, or oxynitride of Zn, Sn, Ti, Si, Al, Mg, and Zr.

[0058] In addition, the low-emissivity film 6 also includes at least one visible light blocking layer with a thickness of 4nm-20nm. The visible light blocking layer is selected from at least one of nickel-chromium alloy (NiCr), nickel-aluminum alloy (NiAl), nickel-silicon alloy (NiSi), metallic chromium (Cr), titanium nitride (TiN), niobium nitride (NbN), and titanium-molybdenum alloy (MoTi). By adding a visible light blocking layer to the low-emissivity film 6, the inner glass 5 can be made of transparent glass or green glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80%, thereby achieving a mirror coefficient α≤15 for the laminated glass used in vehicles. This helps to reduce or even eliminate obvious reflections of passengers and objects inside the vehicle on the sunroof glass due to mirror reflection, avoiding visual interference to passengers, especially rear passengers, and improving the user experience.

[0059] Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, from Figure 1 As can be seen from the image, the laminated glass for vehicles includes an outer glass 1, an inner glass 5, and an interlayer film 4. The outer glass 1 has a first surface 11 facing outwards from the vehicle and a second surface 12 facing inwards from the vehicle. The inner glass 5 has a third surface 51 facing outwards from the vehicle and a fourth surface 52 facing inwards from the vehicle. The interlayer film 4 joins the outer glass 1 and the inner glass 5. An infrared reflective film 3 is provided on the second surface 12 of the outer glass 1, and a low-emissivity film 6 is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass 5.

[0062] The edge region of the second surface 12 of the outer glass 1 is covered with a first dark-colored shielding layer 2, and the edge region of the fourth surface 52 of the inner glass 5 is covered with a second dark-colored shielding layer 7, wherein the width of the second dark-colored shielding layer 7 is greater than the width of the first dark-colored shielding layer 2; the materials of the first dark-colored shielding layer 2 and the second dark-colored shielding layer 7 are black ceramic ink. The first dark-colored shielding layer 2 can be directly printed on the second surface 12 by processes such as screen printing, or it can be directly printed on the infrared reflective film 3. The second dark-colored shielding layer 7 can be directly printed on the fourth surface 52 by processes such as screen printing, or it can be directly printed on the low-emissivity film 6.

[0063] In this embodiment, the outer glass 1 is a transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 88%; the inner glass 5 is a transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 88%; and the intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 8%.

[0064] The infrared reflective film 3 is a double silver infrared reflective film, specifically composed of: transparent glass / SiO2 (15nm) / ZnSnOx (32nm) / AZO (9nm) / Ag (9.6nm) / AZO (12.3nm) / ZnSnOx (46.3nm) / AZO (12nm) / Ag (11.8nm) / AZO (11nm) / ZnSnOx (25nm) / Si3N4 (11nm), where Ag is a metal layer and the others are the first dielectric layer.

[0065] The low-emissivity film 6 includes a visible light blocking layer. Specifically, the low-emissivity film 6 is composed of: transparent glass / Si3N4 (5nm) / ITO (160nm) / NiCr (4nm) / Si3N4 (23nm) / SiO2 (60nm) / Si3N4 (5nm), where ITO is a transparent conductive oxide layer, NiCr is a visible light blocking layer, and the others are second dielectric layers.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0068] The low-emissivity film 6 does not include a visible light blocking layer. Specifically, the low-emissivity film 6 is: transparent glass / Si3N4 (5nm) / ITO (118nm) / Si3N4 (8nm) / SiO2 (180nm), wherein ITO is a transparent conductive oxide layer, and the others are second dielectric layers.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0071] The intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 5%.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] This comparative example provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Example 1 only in that:

[0074] The fourth surface 52 of the inner glass 5 is not provided with a low-emissivity film 6.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] This comparative example provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Example 1 only in that:

[0077] The outer glass 1 does not have an infrared reflective film 3 on its second surface 12; the outer glass 1 is a gray glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 40%; the inner glass 5 is a gray glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 40%; the intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 18%.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] This comparative example provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Example 1 only in that:

[0080] The low-emissivity film 6 is a single FTO layer, which is formed by a float in-line chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process.

[0081] Performance Test Example 1

[0082] The vehicle laminated glass provided in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were obtained according to the automotive glass manufacturing process. Then, the visible light transmittance (TL), visible light reflectance (RL), and total solar transmittance (TTS) were tested on them respectively, and the mirror coefficient (α) was calculated. The relevant test results and calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Visible light transmittance (TL): The visible light transmittance of laminated glass for vehicles in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, measured and calculated according to ISO 9050.

[0084] Visible reflectance (RL): The visible reflectance of laminated glass for vehicles in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm, measured from the inside of the vehicle according to ISO 9050.

[0085] Total solar transmittance (TTS): The total solar transmittance of laminated glass for vehicles in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 2500 nm, measured and calculated according to ISO 9050.

[0086] Mirror coefficient (α): According to the formula α=RL / TL 2 calculate.

[0087] Table 1: Test and calculation results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0088] Visible light transmittance TL Visible light reflectance RL Mirror coefficient α Total Solar Transmittance (TTS) Example 1 5.17％ 1.05％ 3.93 17.30％ Example 2 7.44％ 2.82％ 5.09 18.56％ Example 3 3.13％ 0.95％ 9.70 14.62％ Comparative Example 1 4.47％ 4.08％ 20.42 21.51％ Comparative Example 2 2.53％ 1.16％ 18.12 20.57％ Comparative Example 3 7.76％ 8.27％ 13.73 14.90％

[0089] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the visible light transmittance TL of the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Examples 1-3 of the present invention is 0.5%-10%, the visible light reflectance is ≤3%, the specular coefficient is 3-10, and the total solar energy transmittance is ≤20%. This indicates that compared with the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Examples 1-3, when the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Examples 1-3 is used as the sunroof glass of the vehicle roof, it can meet the requirements of eliminating the use of sunshades, and can reduce or even eliminate the obvious reflection of passengers and objects in the vehicle on the sunroof glass due to mirror reflection, avoid visual interference to passengers, especially rear passengers, effectively improve the mirror reflection effect of the interior surface, improve user experience and protect passenger privacy.

[0090] The laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Example 1 does not have a low-emissivity film 6, so its emissivity is around 0.9. It does not have the effect of heat insulation in summer and heat preservation in winter. Not only is its total solar transmittance greater than 20%, but its mirror coefficient is also greater than 15. Compared with Examples 1-3, the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Example 1 does not have low emissivity, has poor heat insulation effect, and strong mirror reflection, and cannot meet the use requirements of eliminating sunshades.

[0091] The laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Example 2 does not have an infrared reflective film 3. In order to reduce its total solar transmittance to about 20%, it uses two pieces of gray glass. Although its visible light transmittance and visible light reflectance meet the usage requirements and its total solar transmittance is close to 20%, its specular coefficient is greater than 15, and its specular reflection is too strong to meet the usage requirements of eliminating the sunshade.

[0092] The visible light transmittance, specular coefficient, and total solar transmittance of the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Example 3 all meet the usage requirements, but its visible light reflectance is greater than 8%, which also fails to meet the usage requirements of eliminating the sunshade.

[0093] Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 4-6

[0094] Example 4

[0095] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, from Figure 1 As can be seen from the image, the laminated glass for vehicles includes an outer glass 1, an inner glass 5, and an interlayer film 4. The outer glass 1 has a first surface 11 facing outwards from the vehicle and a second surface 12 facing inwards from the vehicle. The inner glass 5 has a third surface 51 facing outwards from the vehicle and a fourth surface 52 facing inwards from the vehicle. The interlayer film 4 joins the outer glass 1 and the inner glass 5. An infrared reflective film 3 is provided on the second surface 12 of the outer glass 1, and a low-emissivity film 6 is provided on the fourth surface 52 of the inner glass 5.

[0096] The edge region of the second surface 12 of the outer glass 1 is covered with a first dark-colored shielding layer 2, and the edge region of the fourth surface 52 of the inner glass 5 is covered with a second dark-colored shielding layer 7, wherein the width of the second dark-colored shielding layer 7 is greater than the width of the first dark-colored shielding layer 2; the materials of the first dark-colored shielding layer 2 and the second dark-colored shielding layer 7 are black ceramic ink. The first dark-colored shielding layer 2 can be directly printed on the second surface 12 by processes such as screen printing, or it can be directly printed on the infrared reflective film 3. The second dark-colored shielding layer 7 can be directly printed on the fourth surface 52 by processes such as screen printing, or it can be directly printed on the low-emissivity film 6.

[0097] In this embodiment, the outer glass 1 is a transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 88%; the inner glass 5 is a transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 88%; and the intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 8%.

[0098] The infrared reflective film 3 is a triple silver infrared reflective film, specifically composed of: transparent glass / SiO2 (13nm) / ZnSnOx (26.8nm) / AZO (15.2nm) / Ag (10.7nm) / AZO (8.2nm) / TiO2 (12.6nm) / ZnSnOx (55.3nm) / AZO (6.2nm) / Ag (13.2nm) / AZO (6nm) / ZnSnOx (56.3nm) / AZO (7nm) / Ag (12.5nm) / AZO (6.5nm) / TiO2 (14.9nm) / ZnSnOx (19nm) / Si3N4 (11nm), where Ag is the metal layer and the others are the first dielectric layer.

[0099] The low-emissivity film 6 includes a visible light blocking layer. Specifically, the low-emissivity film 6 is composed of: transparent glass / Si3N4 (5nm) / ITO (160nm) / NiCr (4nm) / Si3N4 (23nm) / SiO2 (60nm) / Si3N4 (5nm), where ITO is a transparent conductive oxide layer, NiCr is a visible light blocking layer, and the others are second dielectric layers.

[0100] Example 5

[0101] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Embodiment 4 only in that:

[0102] The inner glass 5 is a green glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 82%.

[0103] Example 6

[0104] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Embodiment 4 only in that:

[0105] The intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 5%.

[0106] Comparative Example 4

[0107] This comparative example provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Example 4 only in that:

[0108] The intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 2%.

[0109] The low-emissivity film 6 does not include a visible light blocking layer. Specifically, the low-emissivity film 6 is: transparent glass / Si3N4 (5nm) / ITO (118nm) / Si3N4 (8nm) / SiO2 (180nm), wherein ITO is a transparent conductive oxide layer, and the others are second dielectric layers.

[0110] Comparative Example 5

[0111] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Embodiment 4 only in that:

[0112] The inner glass 5 is a 2.1mm thick green glass with a visible light transmittance of 82%; the intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 2%.

[0113] The low-emissivity film 6 does not include a visible light blocking layer. Specifically, the low-emissivity film 6 is: transparent glass / Si3N4 (5nm) / ITO (118nm) / Si3N4 (8nm) / SiO2 (180nm), wherein ITO is a transparent conductive oxide layer, and the others are second dielectric layers.

[0114] Comparative Example 6

[0115] This embodiment provides a laminated glass for vehicles, which differs from the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Embodiment 4 only in that:

[0116] The inner glass 5 is a gray glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 40%; the intermediate film 4 is gray PVB with a visible light transmittance of 2%.

[0117] Performance Test Example 2

[0118] The vehicle laminated glass provided in Examples 4-6 and the vehicle laminated glass provided in Comparative Examples 4-6 were obtained according to the automotive glass manufacturing process. Then, the visible light transmittance (TL), visible light reflectance (RL), and total solar transmittance (TTS) were tested on them respectively, and the mirror coefficient (α) was calculated. The relevant test results and calculation results are shown in Table 2.

[0119] Visible light transmittance (TL): The visible light transmittance of laminated glass for vehicles in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, measured and calculated according to ISO 9050.

[0120] Visible reflectance (RL): The visible reflectance of laminated glass for vehicles in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm, measured from the inside of the vehicle according to ISO 9050.

[0121] Total solar transmittance (TTS): The total solar transmittance of laminated glass for vehicles in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 2500 nm, measured and calculated according to ISO 9050.

[0122] Mirror coefficient (α): According to the formula α=RL / TL 2 calculate.

[0123] Table 2: Test results and calculation results of Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 4-6

[0124] Visible light transmittance TL Visible light reflectance RL Mirror coefficient α Total Solar Transmittance (TTS) Example 4 5.06％ 1.43％ 5.59 12.62％ Example 5 4.64％ 1.09％ 5.06 12.33％ Example 6 3.08％ 0.94％ 9.91 11.92％ Comparative Example 4 1.90％ 4.25％ 118 11.31％ Comparative Example 5 1.50％ 3.53％ 157 10.86％ Comparative Example 6 0.53％ 1.08％ 384 10.51％

[0125] As can be seen from Table 2 above, the visible light transmittance TL of the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Examples 4-6 of the present invention is 0.5%-6%, the visible light reflectance is ≤2%, the specular coefficient is 3-10, and the total solar energy transmittance is ≤13%. This indicates that compared with the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Examples 4-6, when the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Examples 4-6 is used as the sunroof glass of the vehicle roof, it can meet the requirements of eliminating the use of sunshades, and can reduce or even eliminate the obvious reflection of passengers and objects in the vehicle on the sunroof glass due to mirror reflection, avoid visual interference to passengers, especially rear passengers, effectively improve the mirror reflection effect of the interior surface, improve user experience and protect passenger privacy.

[0126] Although the visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, and total solar transmittance of the laminated glass for vehicles provided in Comparative Examples 4-6 all meet the usage requirements, when the visible light transmittance TL is reduced to TL≤2%, if the visible light reflectance RL is not further reduced to a lower level, its specular value will be much greater than 15, or even greater than 100, resulting in very strong specular reflection, which cannot meet the requirements for eliminating sunshades. In order to achieve a specular value ≤15, thereby reducing specular reflection to meet the requirements for eliminating sunshades, when reducing the visible light transmittance to TL≤2%, the visible light reflectance RL needs to be further reduced to RL≤0.6%.

[0127] In Embodiments 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the present invention, the inner glass 5 is transparent glass or green glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80%, and the low-emissivity film 6 also includes at least one visible light blocking layer, which is in direct contact with the transparent conductive oxide layer therein.

[0128] The inner glass 5 with low-emissivity film 6 from Examples 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were selected for performance testing. The relevant performance test results are shown in Table 3.

[0129] Visible light transmittance (TL) 内 The visible light transmittance of the inner glass 5 with a low-emissivity film 6 in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm is measured and calculated according to ISO9050.

[0130] Visible light reflectance (RL) 内 ): The visible light reflectance of the inner glass 5 with the low-emissivity film 6 in the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm is measured and calculated from the side closest to the low-emissivity film 6 according to ISO9050.

[0131] Total Solar Transmittance (TTS) 内The total solar transmittance of the inner glass 5 with a low-emissivity film 6 in the wavelength range of 300nm to 2500nm is measured and calculated according to ISO9050.

[0132] Mirror coefficient (α1): According to the formula α1=RL 内 / TL 内 2 calculate;

[0133] Emissivity: Measured from the side closest to the low-emissivity membrane 6 using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and calibrated according to standard EN12898;

[0134] Surface resistance: Measured using a surface resistance tester;

[0135] Reflected color: Measured from the side closest to the low-emissivity film 6, at an incident angle of 65°, based on a D65 light source and a 10° field of view, calculated according to the CIE Lab color model. The value a represents the red-green value, and the value b represents the yellow-blue value.

[0136] Table 3: Performance test results of the inner glass with low-emissivity film in Examples 1 and 3-6

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] As can be seen from Table 3 above, in this embodiment of the invention, the inner glass 5 with the low-emissivity film 6 has a transmittance of 50%-70%, a reflectivity of ≤4%, a specular coefficient of ≤0.1, an emissivity of ≤0.25, and a surface resistivity of ≤23 ohms / m. 2 The reflected color of the inner glass 5 with the low-emissivity film 6, measured from the side closest to the low-emissivity film 6, is as follows (Lab): -10 ≤ a ≤ 2, -5 ≤ b ≤ 5. Combining Tables 1 and 2, it can also be seen that adding at least one visible light blocking layer to the low-emissivity film 6 can further improve visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, specular value, and total solar transmittance. Furthermore, to achieve the same level of visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, and total solar transmittance, it is unnecessary to use an intermediate film 4 or gray glass with lower visible light transmittance. This significantly reduces production costs and difficulty, and avoids a specular value far exceeding 15, better meeting the needs of eliminating sunshades.

[0140] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this patent should still fall within the scope of this patent. Furthermore, the technical features, technical features and technical inventions, and technical inventions in this invention can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A laminated glass for vehicles, characterized in that, The laminated glass for vehicles includes an outer glass pane, an inner glass pane, and an interlayer film. The outer glass pane has a first surface facing outwards and a second surface facing inwards. The inner glass pane has a third surface facing outwards and a fourth surface facing inwards. The interlayer film bonds the second surface and the third surface. An infrared reflective film is provided between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane. A low-emissivity film is provided on the fourth surface. The low-emissivity film includes at least one transparent conductive oxide layer and at least two second dielectric layers, with each transparent conductive oxide layer located between two adjacent second dielectric layers. The mirror coefficient α of the laminated glass used in the vehicle is 3-15, and the mirror coefficient α is calculated according to the formula α=RL / TL. 2 The calculation is as follows: RL is the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass for vehicles measured from the inside of the vehicle, and TL is the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass for vehicles.

2. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mirror coefficient α of the laminated glass used in the vehicle is 3-10.

3. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge region of the second surface is covered with a first dark masking layer, and / or the edge region of the third or fourth surface is covered with a second dark masking layer; the width of the second dark masking layer is greater than the width of the first dark masking layer.

4. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer glass is transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80% and a thickness of 1.8mm-4.2mm.

5. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner glass is transparent glass or green glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80% and a thickness of 0.7mm-2.1mm.

6. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the inner glass with a low-emissivity film is 50%-70%.

7. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specular value α1 of the inner glass with a low-emissivity coating is ≤0.1, and the specular value α1 is calculated according to the formula α1=RL. 内 / TL 内 2 Calculate, RL 内 To measure the visible light reflectance of the inner glass with the low-emissivity film from the side closest to the low-emissivity film, TL 内 The visible light transmittance of the inner glass with a low-emissivity film.

8. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the intermediate film is 1%-20%.

9. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance of the intermediate film is 2%-10%.

10. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that, The intermediate film is a colored thermoplastic polymer film, and its material includes PVB, EVA, SGP or PU.

11. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared reflective film includes at least one metal layer and at least two first dielectric layers, with each metal layer located between two adjacent first dielectric layers.

12. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-emissivity film also includes at least one visible light blocking layer, which is in direct contact with the transparent conductive oxide layer.

13. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-emissivity film has an emissivity ≤0.25 and a sheet resistivity ≤23 ohm / m. 2 The reflectance color of the inner glass with the low-emissivity film is measured from the side closest to the low-emissivity film, according to Lab: -10≤a≤2, -5≤b≤5.

14. The laminated glass for vehicles according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The visible light transmittance TL of the laminated glass for vehicles is 0.5%-10%, the visible light reflectance RL of the laminated glass for vehicles measured from the inside of the vehicle is ≤6%, and the total solar energy transmittance of the laminated glass for vehicles is ≤20%.

15. The laminated glass for vehicles according to claim 14, characterized in that, The visible light reflectance RL of the laminated glass used in the vehicle, measured from the inside of the vehicle, is ≤4%.

16. The use of the laminated glass for vehicles as described in any one of claims 1-15 as a sunroof, side window, or rear windshield of a vehicle.

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